Journal of the College of Islamic Sciences

Muslim minorities in different countries of the world are facing difficulties that are afflicting them with calamities and jurisprudential issues, for which they are in dire need of an explanation of the Sharia ruling concerning them. Among the foremost jurisprudential matters that require attention and research are contemporary matters relating to acts of worship and the new issues emerging along with the existing ones, especially in countries with Muslim minorities, as there are few scholars of Sharia in those countries. Among those issues is the point of the subject of the research: “Impact of the need to repeat Jummah prayer for Muslim minorities." This is done by following the principles and rules of jurisprudence, and among the aims of the research is to know the Sharia ruling on repeatedly holding Jummah prayers for Muslim minorities in one mosque and explain the basis to rely on in understanding this jurisprudential matter for Muslim minorities with the ruling that is best for them. In the research, I adopted the investigative and comparative methodology. The research concluded with the most important results, which are that Muslim minorities should preserve the ritual of Jummah prayer and study the issues related to it. It is permissible to perform multiple Jummah prayers in more than one mosque if necessity requires that and Muslim minorities need that. In addition, the research concluded that it is also permissible to observe more than one Jummah prayer in the same mosque if it is necessary. In order to remove any embarrassment and to follow the jurisprudential rules: "hardship brings facilitation," and "the need relegates the status of necessity" when holding Jummah prayers in one mosque

Talking about the prophets by right is one of the highest and topmost status . The descent of Jesus ( peace be upon him ) is a matter of truth of holy verses in the Glourious Qur’an and prophetic hadiths in the sunnah of our forerunner and warning prophet . All these proofs are ways of correcting the path and establishing the proper ideology inside each human being , and this is our supreme aim .

Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and blessings and peace be upon our prophet Muhammad and all his family and companions: And after:
Since God created man and made him his successor on earth, he has honored him with utmost honor, so he commanded his angels to prostrate to their father, Adam. This was the utmost of generosity, and he said in his decisive book: {And We have honored the children of Adam} Al-Isra 70, The honor begins with his creation in his mother's womb So God proved to this creature rights that man-made laws failed to grant him these rights, so the honor begins from his being a fetus and increases after his coming to this world and thus follows him in all stages of his life, and after his transition to the world of isthmus, God honored man by granting him rights that God enjoined on the living to do towards him while he is dead starting with washing and shrouding him and praying over him and then burying him in the Muslim cemeteries, and God enjoined on the living to honor and respect the graves of Muslims, and all these issues related to the dead of Muslims were mentioned by our jurists and scholars under the title of Funeral Rulings.
Among these issues that are mentioned in our sources is the issue of visiting graves, greeting the dead, and praying for them. Among the legal rulings that the legislator urged to do is to visit the graves, and it was mentioned in the hadith with the male word: "Do visit it.... it reminds you". It includes females as well, and it is known in the Arabic language that if the masculine and the feminine come together, the masculine will prevail, and the women will be entered by way of subjugation,as God the Almighty has said "Whoever does righteous deeds, whether male or female, while he is a believer, We will surely make him live a good life, and we will repay them for the best of what they used to do." Nahl 97. The phrase is repeated four times in the Qur'an.

Understanding evil is one of the controversial topics in Islamic thought in particular and human thought in general, and linking the concept to the material aspect constitutes one of the most important pillars of this problem, while this research is an attempt to link the concept to the unseen by highlighting its meanings in the Islamic revelation, then finding an axis that brings together the truth of this concept with the meanings achieved in it. Different sects of philosophers, Mu'tazilites, and Ahlus-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah

This research came under the title “The purpose of the coalition and the meeting and its impact on human construction” to shed light on the impact of this purpose on human construction. It is an attempt to activate the role of the Maqasid system in building man and society and to understand the cultural role assigned to it to achieve succession and urbanization, and to show that the desired cultural prosperity is only The product of the sound construction of a human being that stems from understanding the objectives of Islamic legislation and employing them in the optimal direction.

This research is entitled (Knowledge and consideration according to Al-Hakim Al-Jashmi through his interpretation of Al-Tahdheeb fi Al-Tafsir - Presentation and Criticism -) and it includes three sections. In the first section, we dealt with: the life of Al-Hakim Al-Jashmi, may God have mercy on him. As for the second, we devoted it to: clarifying the truth of knowledge according to Al-Jashmi and comparing it with the opinions of the Mu’tazilites, then Criticizing his opinions. As for the third section, it was about explaining Al-Jashmi’s view and comparing it to the opinions of the Mu’tazilites, then criticizing his opinions, and we concluded with a conclusion that included the most important results that we reached through the research, then the most important sources and references.

Since the punishments are the punishments imposed by the law for crimes in which the sanctities of God Almighty are violated, and in which life, property, or honor are violated, it was natural for these punishments to vary according to the crimes requiring them.
Since a mistake in pardoning is better than a mistake in punishment, avoiding punishment due to suspicions is a principle that the Muslim ruler takes when examining a crime. Whenever he finds a way to waive the punishment from the accused, he should waive it from him, for this law is based on justice and fairness, and on the interests of the servants in life and the hereafter. Judging by the punishment with probability or with a comparison of similarities departs from justice into injustice.
Accordingly, if the judge has a possibility or suspicion that the crime requiring punishment has been proven, he must not judge the accused, and ward off punishment from him by pardoning or resorting to discretionary punishment, according to the strength or weakness of the suspicion by which the punishment was imposed.
In view of the importance of this rule in Sharia rulings, which attest to the tolerance of Islam, and that punishment is not the goal of the law, but rather its goal is to build a virtuous society free of vices, I decided to single it out by examining its structure in three sections:
In the first section, I dealt with: defining the vocabulary of the rule, explaining its overall meaning and rooting it
In the second section, I dealt with: analyzing the elements of the rule, its subject and content, and the basis of its ruling.
In the third section, it dealt with: applications of the rule and its exceptions

The research aims to identify (the effect of the Red Sub model in developing analytical thinking among fifth-grade middle school female students in the Arabic language subject). The researchers adopted an experimental design, where the current research population consisted of fifth-grade literary students in secondary and preparatory morning schools for girls in the center of Nineveh Governorate for the academic year. (2023_2024) (first semester), where the research sample amounted to (43) students, Al-Ma’rifa Preparatory School for Girls, with a number of (22) students, represented the experimental group, which was studied using the (RED SUB) model, and Al-Tala’i Preparatory School for Girls, with a number of students (21), represented the experimental group. The student in the control group studied in the usual way. The researchers rewarded the two research groups on a number of related variables. Behavioral objectives were formulated for the topics of literature and texts, and they were (60) behavioral objectives distributed on Bloom’s levels (remembering, understanding, application, analysis), and the researchers prepared ( 16) A teaching plan for teaching the two research groups. A pre- and post-test for analytical thinking was constructed, where the researchers identified (6) situations that included a number of questions, and the test was characterized by honesty and consistency. The experiment was applied in the first semester of the academic year (2023-2024), and after collecting data and analyzing it statistically using the necessary statistical methods on the statistical program Spss, the study concluded For the following results: There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average grades of the female students of the experimental group who are taught according to the Red Sub model and the average grades of the female students of the control group who are studying according to the usual method in developing analytical thinking. In light of the research results, a number of conclusions were reached. And recommendations and proposals.

Allah has granted simplification and ampleness for this nation, so He prepared the Imams and critics of the Sunna to penetrate the original from the outlandish, and to recognize the right from the wrong. He also stipulated following His prophet .
The science of Ashraf after the Koran is the talk of the Messenger of Allah - peace be upon him- , And the greatest closeness to God after his book, is to draw close to the servant of the year of the Prophet, May God have come from this nation of men of science, God save them Sunni, and these scholars Imam Ibn kathear, who is one of the senior of the eighth century in the graduation and explanation and clarification He was one of the most distinguished, and was one of the imams who gathered between the jurisprudence and the Hadith , and this research entitled objections because of talk in the narrator, where the researcher studied ten objections, according to the origins of scientific research.

A footnote to Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Kharashi (d. 1101) on the explanation of the rules of inflection by Khaled Al-Azhari, investigation (the elementary sentence as a model), a book explaining the rules of parsing by Khaled Al-Azhari, an important book in the research of the Arabic sentence. The methodology in the book; Which clarifies the ambiguity or deciphers the complexity of its phrase, and our work here is to achieve this footnote with regard to the subject of the elementary sentence, which is the first sentence of what is not replaced by the expression of the sentences. The research was devoid of any talk about the author's life and a description of his method in his footnote. Because we dedicate a separate study to it that deals with these two aspects

The research deals with the metaphor of metaphor in the book “The Taj Al-Arous from the Jewels of the Dictionary” by Muhammad Murtada Al-Zubaidi (d. 1205 AH) and the beginning of its appearance, and when it appeared, and reveals its meaning, defines its definition, and presents its positions in the crown. The research indicated that Al-Zubaidi took this term from Al-Zamakhsha. in his book The Foundation of Rhetoric without specifying the term or its interpretation, and it was quoted from it in a number of places, then he expanded on it and added to it in other places.
The research is located in a preface and three sections, the preamble defines the concept of the metaphor of the metaphor and when it appeared, while the first topic came in the evidence of the metaphor of the metaphor transmitted by Al-Zubaidi from Al-Zamakhshari, and the second section was devoted to the evidence from the metaphor of the metaphor, Al-Zubaidi was alone in it, and the third section came with evidence of the meanings of words considered from Metaphor metaphor has missed Al-Zubaidi alert and mentioned.

The goal of the current research is to identify (the effect of the driver model on understanding Islamic concepts among second-year intermediate students in the Holy Qur’an and Islamic education) The research sample consisted of (60) students from the second intermediate grade who were intentionally selected from Al-Rabee’ Intermediate School for Boys affiliated with the Ministry of Education in the city of Mosul for the academic year 2023-2024. They were distributed into two groups, the first was an experimental group that included 30 students who studied the Holy Qur’an and Islamic education according to Driver’s model, and the second included 30 students who studied according to the regular method. The researcher used an experimental design with two equal groups. To achieve the research goal, the researcher prepared a tool to test the understanding of Islamic concepts, consisting of (30) items. The researcher verified its validity, reliability, and strong discrimination, and the researcher applied it before starting the experiment and after completing it. To extract the results, the following statistical methods were used (T-test (for two independent samples), Cronbach's alpha equation). The results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the averages of the experimental group and the two control groups in the test of understanding Islamic concepts in favor of the experimental group.

It is from the mercy of God Almighty to this nation that after its most
honorable prophet , may God's prayers and peace be upon him ,men mocked themselves who took upon themselves the propagation of the lights of prophecy as much as they could ,they used to narrate authority of the prophet ,may God bless him and grant him peace, and narrate a lot from him in order to clarify his Sunnah, may God bless him and grant him peace, and to make clear to the people what they were confused or ignorant of in matters of their religion ,One of these many companions was the great companion Abu Saeed Al-Khudri, may God be pleased with him, and he was the seventh most abundant in the narration from the Messenger of God, and his narration had a great impact on the jurists to derive jurisprudential rulings from it One of these many companions was the great companion Abu Saeed Al-Khudri, may God be pleased with him, and he was the seventh most abundant in the narration from the Messenger of God, and his narration had a great impact on the jurists to derive jurisprudential rulings from it.
For this reason, we have seen that we shed light on the jurisprudential deductions for his narratives in the chapter on Hajj with a comparative study by mentioning the narratives of Abu Sa’id al-Khudri from the nine books, then deducing jurisprudential rulings from them at the beginning by mentioning the sayings of the owners of jurisprudential schools, then mentioning their evidence and clarifying the significance, and then finally mentioning an appropriate weighting.

This research, titled (The hadith “There is no retribution except by the sword” a hadith and comparative jurisprudential study), deals with the study of the aforementioned hadith from the hadith and jurisprudential aspects, and an explanation of its impact on the difference of jurists in the issue of the way of fulfilling retribution, and the extent to which it is evidence in this field, and the research concludes in the end that: A weak hadith, despite its many narrations, and this multiplicity did not help it in redressing its weakness. However, many jurists have acted on it and based on it their jurisprudential opinion, which says that retaliation cannot be fulfilled except by the sword or something that takes its place. This is the opinion that the researcher favored based on other evidence that supports it. .

The research was summed up in the investigation of the second part of the manuscript, which included an explanation of the sections of faith, the first of which is knowledge of God Almighty, and its necessitation, which is God Almighty’s transcendence of time and place, and an explanation of the requirements of this faith and its pillars in terms of proving the attributes that are necessary for God Almighty, and denying what is impossible for Him. Almighty, and the permissibility of what is permissible for him.
It included an explanation of belief in what is obligatory for the Messengers, which are the attributes that are obligatory for them, may God’s prayers be upon them all, and what is permissible for them. It also included an explanation of belief in the angels and the heavenly books revealed to the Messengers, belief in the Last Day, and belief in destiny, the good and the evil of them, that they are from God Almighty in creation and from The servants gain.
And an explanation of the close connection between belief and behavior, in terms of obedience to what is worshiped, contentment with what exists, patience with what is lost, fulfillment of promises, adhering to limits, complying with orders and avoiding prohibitions

This research deals with Sheikh Yassin’s commentary on the explanation of Umm al-Barahin by Sheikh Yassin bin Zain al-Din al-Ulaimi (d. 1061 AH), and the reason we chose this research - study, investigation, and commentary - is because it relates to the science of monotheism and the attributes related to the divine essence and prophecies, which is characterized by speech, as Sheikh Yassin is considered one of the The main pillars among the authors of commentaries in later eras, as they attained a high position in all types of sciences, including grammar, jurisprudence, language, principles, interpretation, theology, and other sciences. Due to his witnessing role in clarification, clarification, understanding, and understanding, we find him abundant opportunity in the message for explanation, clarification, and statement. After we learned about the author’s life, personality, and status, the research dealt with a brief overview of the author’s life and an introduction to the science of theology and prophecies.

This research is concerned with collecting the narrators mentioned by Imam Yaqoub bin Sufyan al-Fasawi in his narrations in his book “Knowledge and History,” and he said in describing them: “He is not happy with their narrations,” studying their condition, and comparing this word with the critics’ sayings and their judgments on these narrators. The focus of the research is to come up with the meaning of Imam Yaqoub bin Sufyan’s word and its purpose. From this word, which is generally a term of defamation, and what I reached through the study in general is that it is a description of the person whose narration is being narrated, even if it is sometimes applied to the one who writes his narration out of consideration, because the ruling is most likely.

The research studies the images of the benefits of the fundamentalist disagreement that the scholars mentioned in the section on Sharia rulings and their evidence, as the graduation of these benefits and their application to the jurisprudential branches are among the tasks that the seeker of knowledge seizes, as with them he identifies the cause of the subordinate disagreement and those with the aim of the student of knowledge of the fundamentals of jurisprudence, and for this the fundamentalists called them (benefits Disagreement).

The science of jurisprudence is one of the most prominent and important Islamic sciences for its direct contact with the life of the Muslim, and Allah ease with his pleased to obtain a manuscript relating to this important science, But it's; the Loyal Requirement, Explanation of Kenz Al-Nasfi by its author Muhammad bin Suleiman AlRihawi (d. 1158 H) Who stayed for a long time did not achieve and did not serve, It contained an explanation of one of the most important corpus in the Hanafi fiqh, the Kanz al-Daqa'iq for Al-Nasfi, The (Sacrifices book) was selected by investigation and comment as a research based on the thesis, Because of the importance of the subject and the many jurisprudence it contains, which many people are ignorant of, Serving this science and showing it to people and adding it to the scientific library was one of the most important reasons for the investigation of these scientific treasures left to us by great scientists and communicating it to the learner with ease and easy, Thank God for the complete and prayers of God on our Master Muhammad and on his God, his companion and peace