Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology(MJET)

The architectural styles and Methods it Appeared and that were varied and Multiply to bear a distinct and aesthetic identity, especially in the external form and predicates in internal structure of the building. The conditions surrounding the building had a great effect in the formulation of the architectural work represented in the internal composition of the spaces based on the prevailing ruling thought which was accompanied by the external configuration also strong and clear architecturally And Idiomatic, With a variety of time periods accompanied by a difference in cultural, social and intellectual values, there is a philosophy of architectural expression carried by that relationship between architectural and conceptual philosophical design which is used to understand the relationship between external configuration and internal configuration , Therefore, the research problem came with (the absence of a clear perception of the expressive relationship between the external configuration and the internal space and its effect on the recipient). Which called for studying the intellectual approaches to the relationship between the external configuration and the internal vacuum Which led to the search for a general framework for understanding the mechanisms of architectural expression at the philosophical and design level , and then formulate and test the virtual perceptions of the research and application by asking a questionnaire form, which depends on the theoretical framework drawn from a group of residents from within the field of architecture (Department of Architecture, University of Babylon), On a set of research samples. The research adopted qualitative measurement of results. The research found that the use of the principle of integration in architecture requires an expressive relationship between form and space, emphasizing this intellectual compatibility and achieving the visual pleasure of the recipient.

The concept of urban consolidation is linked to the policies of modern urban development, which involves adding new urban parts to the fabric of the city to produce an integrated urban system in which the objectives of urban development initiatives are realized through the physical structure of the city, Where contemporary urban trends called for a link between new and existing urban parts. The concept of urban consolidation has crystallized in many propositions, Which did not take the relationship between the existing and new urban order, and the process of creating a new interactive urban environment with the existing fabric. The research problem was related to (unclear characteristics and mechanisms of integration of the consolidated urban system). Research objectives emerged (put a model of mechanisms for integrating the consolidation urban system and re-evaluating urban development projects in the city of Baghdad). To process the problem of research, a theoretical framework for the concept of urban consolidation was constructed through the relationship between the old and new systems. Virtual perceptions were put forward at ( The integration of the new urban system with the existing system is achieved when adopting the objectives of development initiatives(Social, economic, and functional program). The main research hypothesis and secondary hypothesis were tested in two contemporary urban development projects, where the application level was determined within areas characterized by the inclusion of an existing fabric and urban parts were added for developmental purposes . The research found a discrepancy in the characteristics of the integrated urban system within the three urban systems, which affect the variation of the integration of the new addition within its existing context.

The community participation its one of empowering strategy considered as a contemporary concepts within the 20th century which enable us to connect (designer and community empowering production aims to free the potential of individuals, and involve them in the process of construction as success depends on the harmony of the individuals needs with an organized vision of long-term goals. In this light, the problem of research was determined as ( the lack of knowledge clarity about the concept of community participation as a reflection of the power of society in the empowerment of production in contemporary architecture ).
According to this research problem, the hypothesis of research has been determined (The strategy of community participation represent an indicator to the level of integration between society designer to enable architectural production. The efficient societal participation may produced an important level of sustainability) The aim of the research is (To achieve the objective of the research, the comprehensive theoretical framework is required through the basic vocabulary (empowerment, , participation mechanisms, characteristics of participatory production sustainable empowerment) that have been applied to selected samples.
Toward the final stage, which focused on analyzing and discussing the results and determining the final conclusions. society through the analysis and measurement of the variables to find that the results varied as the main and secondary according to the infrastructure of the community and prove its importance in reaching the highest degrees of participation to achieve a product acceptable to the community and satisfaction of the designer.

This paper represents analysis and study the effects about improve power factor for an electric distribution network in Al- Muthanna governorate, and show method Calculation of power factor, apparent power, reactive power and current, compare these results with regard to before and after the improved power factor in the electric distribution network in Al- Muthanna governorate. This paper represents the results of the improvement of the power factor by increasing the efficiency and the capacity of the electrical system…etc. Calculation of the percentage of the reduction of electric power losses and calculating the monthly cost of this reduction The difference in the apparent power between before and after improvement is 19.5 MVA from the change of power factor in 78 feeders of the electric distribution network of Al- Muthanna Governorate.

A vacillating forces on the body are causes by The vortex shedding vacillate, and generating a cyclic variation in two directions, cross flow(CF), in same direction of flow and in-line(IL) with direction normal to flow. Determination of the force components, (CF) and (IL) directions is important when doing further Lock-in state. As a choice an alternative to response models the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations is presented and can be adopted for vortex induced vibration (VIV) analysis to conquer the restrictions of the status approach of practice engineering. To estimate the lift and drag coefficients the turbulent flow is simulated depending on shear stress transport(SST) of k-ω turbulence model with characteristics which utilized time dependent test (transient) using ANSYS FLUENT 16.1 and examined at various values of Reynolds number (30, 75, 200 and 1000) with uniform velocities of (0.06, 0.15, 0.4 and 2) m/s to overcome laminar, transport and turbulence regimes. At Re < 40 no lift force component will effect on the cylinder, then it clearly appears in the regime Re greater than 40.

Expansion in smart home technology assists people around the world to improve the quality of life individuals. Various smart home technologies considered in our work include Email based smart home systems, Bluetooth based smart home systems, Global System for Mobile communication or mobile based smart home systems, Short Messaging Service based smart home systems and Internet-based smart home systems. We need a low power device that transmits messages through a less verbose protocol. Owing to the ubiquitous availability of WiFi, all the appliances within a home can be connected through a common gateway (Raspberry pi3). This paper presents an overview of a lightweight Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. Sensors and actuators are connected to Wemos-D1 board. In the prototype home, we implemented MQTT on Raspberry pi3 and Wemose-D1 board.

NiCrMo nanowires with four weight percents include 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2 wt% have been added to conventional amalgam to improve its properties especially thermal conductivity which is represented important property to reduce the sensation of root for hot and cold foods and beverages. NiCrMo nanowires were selected because they closed in composition to the known dental alloy (Ni-Cr alloy). SEM technique was used to characterize the modified structure of nanocomposites.
The thermal conductivity was decreased after adding NiCrMo nanowires to amalgam and the reduction is increases with increasing wt% of nanowires, this is due to the dominance of smooth temperature dependence by nanowires which suggest a phononphonon or phonon-defect scattering. AFM inspection also was achieved to show the morphology of surface in addition to measure roughness, and the results showed the decreasing in roughness of amalgam/nanowires composites compared with amalgam due to decreasing in surface irregularities by adding nanowires. This reduction in roughness leads to decrease the accumulation of bacteria on amalgam and then reducing biocorrosion. Also, microhardness of amalgam/NWs composites was increased compared with conventional amalgam and the increment increased with increasing wt% of nanowires. The increment in microhardness is suggested the filling of vacancies within amalgam by nanowires and getting more coherent for components in amalgam especially with Hg which is the main cause of the reduction in hardness. On the other word, in present work, we improved thermal conductivity in addition to get more microhardness and less surface roughness by adding nanowires. Simulation study was achieved for thermal properties to confirm the role of NiCrMo nanowires to reduce heat.

Most cities in Iraq are suffering at present, as is evident from the significant rise in temperature in the city as a whole and its centers in particular. This is due to the increase of built-up areas and building blocks at the city level, which is offset by the absence of a successful design and planning that limits and reduces the observed increase in temperature In addition, there is no balance between the built-up areas and the green areas according to the Iraqi standard determined by the Ministry of Housing, which is developed for one person, which in turn reduces the sharp impact of the temperature in the city If there is a certain percentage, if it is implemented, the land remains empty. There is no green space, but it turns into dirt that increases the temperature of the city and increases its pollution by soil and waste. the research problem was formed (by not implementing the real standard for green spaces and neglecting the port). The aim of the research is to ( identify the real standard for green spaces and to identify the reality of the green spaces implemented in modern residential neighborhoods) . The hypothesis of the research is that (the green spaces implemented correctly according to the standard have a positive role in reducing the local temperature).

Al Nahrawan is located within the plain of the sedimentary plain to the northeast of the city of Baghdad by about 35 km. Brick factories are considered the main pollution sources in this region. Toxic substances, trace elements and carbonic substances are emitted from the fuel used in the Brick factories causing environmental pollution, Because of poor quality of fuel, lack of purity, absence of proper processing unit and insufficient height of the chimneys (stack). In the current study, the equipment of collection the suspend particles was used which it content 8 filters, these filters are holed the suspend particles. The concentrations of 9 toxic metals were also measured. The average total suspend particles (TSP) was 2391.8 μg/m3 where it’s considered high as compared with the global and local acceptable limits. Toxic metals concentrations were also more than the acceptable limit in all stations. This study is concluded that the brick factories are the main source of the pollutant in this region and using of heavy fuel is the main causes therefore the recommendation of this study is the improving or exchanging the fuel is necessary and using acceptable treatments unit to reduce the pollution.