NABIYUNA JOURNAL

Among the most important issues raised in Islamic political thought, what is the position of the Prophet on the issue of the system of government after him? And their evidence for that is that the Prophet realized the strength of the tribal feeling among the Arabs, which means rejecting the system of inheritance. Or that the Prophet wanted to leave the nation the freedom to choose a system of government that is commensurate with the changes of time and place. And there are those who believe that the Prophet must have an opinion on the issue of the system of government after him, and their evidence is that the Prophet’s call is comprehensive for everything, including the system of government on the basis of which Sharia can be applied or not. Because the people are on the religion of their kings, then the approach of the Prophet in his life is based on that he used to appoint a person in his place when he went to war or Umrah or any other place, In addition, the Prophet is aware of the external (Sasanian and Byzantine) dangers, and the internal ones, who are the Jews, the hypocrites, and the so-called prophets

The aim of this study is to investigate the role of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his Household) in confronting the issue of banditry, which was a persistent problem in earlier eras of Islam. Banditry posed a significant threat to societal security and safety, both of which are fundamental elements in the construction of a stable society. Therefore, the Prophet (peace be upon him and his Household) diligently addressed this phenomenon by identifying its primary causes and adopting resolute legal and practical measures. His objective was to establish a safe and secure environment for all individuals.
The research structure encompasses an introduction, literature review, two sections, findings, footnotes, and a comprehensive list of sources and references.
The first section examines the Prophet’s (peace be upon him and his Household) articulation of the legal texts pertaining to banditry. Meanwhile, the second section delves into the Prophet’s approach in dealing with the issue of banditry during the days of the Islamic call. This investigation reveals that Islamic jurisprudence has enacted specific provisions that address the perpetrators of this crime, as exemplified by the verse of Warship. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his Household) implemented the prescribed measures against the wrongdoers, which involved four distinct penalties: execution, crucifixion, severing of limbs, and banishment. Nevertheless, in certain circumstances, forgiveness could be granted to a bandit who rectified their actions and fulfilled certain obligations. The Prophet elucidated his stance on this phenomenon through noble prophetic hadiths, and his implementation of a series of solutions played a significant role in effectively eradicating this issue. This wise approach serves as a valuable reference to combat similar phenomena in subsequent eras.

In this study, we seek to show the extent of the contribution of the Sunnah of the Prophet in the formation of Islamic political thought by studying its impact as a sacred force influenced in the formation and development of the Islamic political mind, which has gone through many stages of development and has been exposed to variables and influences that combined the influence of political conditions and the impact of Islamic jurisprudence schools. The researcher followed the descriptive and analytical approach in this study, and accordingly this study was divided to an introduction and three investigations the first research was under the title of the )holy power and the Sunnah of the Prophet concept and development), and the second research was entitled the )effect of the Sunnah of the Prophet in the establishment of Islamic political theory(, and the third research and its title is the )effect of the Sunnah of the Prophet in the formation of the mechanisms of choosing the ruler(, and then followed the conclusion and the list of sources and references.

‏The study of the Prophet’s biography with all its components, stages, and ‎postulates is one of the methodological and epistemological requirements of ‎the utmost importance to study the culture of Islamic society in its ‎representation of the world and the rest of the other heavenly religions. ‎And by this occupy The biography of the Messenger (peace be upon him) is a ‎large area in orientalism studies, starting from the Middle Ages, passing ‎through the era of the Renaissance, and then the era of lights, all the way to ‎the modern era - until our present time ..and we here in this study we will dive ‎into the depths of those orientalism studies, especially contemporary ones. ‎But first, will we touch on the previous orientalist studies and their vision ‎towards the Holy Qur'an and the fragrant biography of the Prophet, and ‎then we present the scientific, theoretical and media framework on the ‎position of contemporary orientalism on the Holy Qur'an and the Prophet ‎Muhammad (peace be upon him)‎‏.‏