The Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning

Abstraction is used in architectural and interior design and is based on abstraction with formal values, taking into account the functional aspect of architecture. Architectural heritage represents the cultural value that directly affects successive generations, and embodies cultural values to reflect the social, economic and political aspect that contributes to the advancement of human civilization, and architectural heritage is the basis of architectural thought in societies that have unity. Cultural. He found that the concept of the philosophy of abstraction has multiple views, whether Western and local and dependent on the nature of cultural, social and environmental thought, and for this the aim of the research was to activate the role of the philosophy of abstraction in the formal formations of both the vocabulary of heritage architecture and contemporary architecture by architectural elements, Analysis of international, Arab and local architectural productions, to reach a conscious understanding of the philosophy and thought of abstraction in contemporary heritage architecture, and its spiritual values to reach the essence of things. The practical study was the analysis of Western and Arab and local projects with heritage architectural values and a practical study compared to them to see which architectural outputs were able to generate heritage values stable from its past in abstract geometric forms reflecting different ideas.

The research deals with the concept of sustainable systems as one of the influencing concepts in the process of architectural design, as it is defined as "the integration of natural systems with human patterns according to a multi-dimensional design approach to give continuity and uniqueness to production", and thus the research problem is determined in (developing a comprehensive theoretical perception of sustainability systems in architecture And its relationship to architectural design). The research aims to clarify the strategy of sustainable architecture systems as well as its principles and dimensions, and accordingly the research assumes that the indicators of sustainable systems have a positive impact on the formulation of architectural texts. For the purpose of addressing the research issue and achieving the goals of research and checking its hypothesis, a knowledge framework was first built, then a comprehensive theoretical framework for sustainable architecture systems extracted from architectural and supportive theses to embody it in its final form in three main indicators, namely: the strategy of sustainable architecture systems, the principles of sustainable architecture systems, and dimensions Systems for sustainable architecture, then an exploratory study assesses the level of quality, and finally a set of conclusions was reached that stipulated a relationship relationship between the "architecture systems and sustainability systems duality", and from both sides: "engineering, and functional"; given their impact as environmental approaches and Bioclimatic and ecological, as its philosophy lies in its simulations of natural systems, formally and practically, which coordinates the spatial relations between the building and the surrounding environment and ensures its permanence.

This research highlights the importance of urban synergy as a design strategy in contemporary urban projects to build physical and functional linkages, coordinate relationships and reduce distances between individual structures. The synergistic approach is the linkage point between the existing shape and the surrounding blocks to achieve a comprehensive and flexible entity. In this filed, the research problem was identified: Previous knowledge of urban synergy as a concept from the perspective of developmental characteristics to reach a sustainable urban system, which necessitated the wording formative mechanisms of urban synergy as a design strategy. The objective of the research is to reach a comprehensive theoretical framework that achieves the strategy of urban synergy. This required the construction of a theoretical framework consisting of three main concepts:(urban synergistic approaches, characteristics supporting of spatial synergies, Synergistic Formation Mechanisms. The research came to the knowhow to apply the strategy of synergistic formation in contemporary urban projects through considering the mediating position in overcoming urban transformation and hybridization and deal with the formative characters on several levels: relationships, places, details.

Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, once had lowland on both the western and the eastern parts. The low-land on the west has already fallen prey to urbanization after the construction of the flood embankment, and the eastern region, it is on a process of disappearing very fast. The city is now expanding to areas that were mandatory open flood plains to keep the city flood-free. Lack of physical planning is very evident here, which causes significant degradation of the situation. At present master planning of the city following subdivision of land provide little attention to water problem when zoning. Dhaka city had an elaborate system of water bodies and low-lands. The vast low-land on both sides let the rivers spread over a broader area, maintaining the depth of flooding in low. The low-land was the flood plains that stored water before discharge into rivers. The city is expanding drastically by grabbing all the least open areas and worsening the flooding scenario rapidly. Keeping these issues in mind this paper tried to understand the water system for the city, reasons for water (flooding, waterlogging) problems, the role of eastern low and wetland to control the city's flooding situation. Focusing on the eastern periphery, this paper will try to find the landuse change for the last two decades with an emphasis on the natural area’s conversion. Finally, following the local way of utilizing water bodies in everyday life extracting from literature and fieldwork, this paper will suggest some alternate design strategies for upcoming development through understanding the water system and checking flood problems in control also ensuring environmental quality.

With the rapid prevailing of electronic information resources and services, the traditional academic libraries are being declined and gradually deserted. Recent studies highlighted this issue as one of the challenges of the digital era. Responding to this issue, this paper introduces the idea of revitalizing academic libraries through the concept of "Third place" based on the possibility of providing traditional libraries with new interior spaces wherein students, scholars, and faculty can learn and socialize as well as cooperate, without stress. Based on the literature reviewed, there are several factors through which it is possible to enhance the interior spaces to attract more users to traditional academic libraries and make them more vital. This paper discusses the possibility of revitalizing traditional libraries by activating the role of the "Third Place" identity in their interior design. To activate the concept of "Third Place" in local academic libraries that lack such active spaces, this work focuses, in particular, on the academic library of the University of Technology as a major case study, three student proposals are included in this paper. Indeed, the identities and design approaches adopted by students were highly context-dependent. The findings that identity achieved through proposals indicate revitalize spaces with a variety of design approaches and the absence of sameness or monotonous atmosphere in the "third place" of Uot's library.