Al-Madarat Scientific Journal for Humanities and Social Sciences

In this research, I have sought to find correct means and methods that can be adopted in the future in order to come up with a real solution to the problem of proving lineage and organizing plastic surgery, in a way that does not violate a legal or legal principle, in light of the legitimate interests achieved for the people, as the Iraqi legislator in Personal Status Law No. 188 of the year Revised 1959 May He neglected organizing it, as well as being aware and keeping up with the changes taking place in it. Many new issues have arisen and imposed a new reality, worthy of attention, care, and disciplined organization. All of this requires that it be presented among the legislative priorities of the legislator’s upcoming vision through the folds of this study.

The world is now experiencing rapid developments in the field of artificial intelligence, making it one of the most prominent technologies currently. The importance of artificial intelligence for government entities lies in its ability to analyze a huge amount of data and information with high efficiency in record period, allowing decision-makers to make better and more informed decisions about the actual situation. Artificial intelligence also contributes specifically to supporting the basic rules and principles of public facility management, such as ensuring the continuity of public service delivery and developing it by monitoring its performance. However, feeding biased data into intelligent algorithms can pose a threat to the principle of equality, so there is an urgent need for legislation that prohibits bias. In general, artificial intelligence can contribute to improving the quality of government services, Currently, the world is witnessing rapid developments in the field of artificial intelligence.

The Criminal liability arising from crimes against banks, including fraudulent granting of a bank loan, is a crime of a special nature, as the decision to grant the loan requires specifying this liability, which is achieved within the scope of preserving the interest that the legislator seeks to protect, to be a basis for criminalization and punishment, which is In protecting credit confidence and maintaining economic and financial stability, it is clear that the penal legislation related to protecting money in general did not take into account the legal model for all forms of infringement of the bank loan, including the Iraqi law; This is because crimes against money are crimes of harm, and these crimes are among the most serious money crimes, as they have expanded in an unprecedented manner in countries of the world as a result of the changes that have occurred in society in all areas, including the economic field, In addition to the development of modern criminal tools, which has led to an increase in crime rates.

Agricultural activity stands among the earliest professions practiced by humanity, prompting administrative interest in Iraq, particularly in the agricultural sector. Given Iraq's historical reliance on agriculture as a primary economic pillar, administrations throughout the ages have sought to regulate agricultural exploitation through various measures aimed at guiding individual actions. These measures encompassed the regulation of agricultural land use and the promotion of agricultural production, fostering collaboration among stakeholders to overcome challenges. The administrative role in regulating agricultural exploitation persisted over an extended period in Iraq's history, The most important of which occurred in the period extending from the Sassanid era and continued until the end of the Abbasid era, Recently, this has greatly affected the laws regulating agricultural relations

This research sheds light on the legal and doctrinal controversy stirred by the constitutional principles and rulings issued by the Federal Supreme Court. The significance of this study lies in providing a comprehensive analysis of the Supreme Federal Court's stance on these principles and rulings, and in identifying the main reasons behind the emergence of these issues. A notable consequence of this controversy is the apparent lack of consistency in the Court's principles and rulings, leading to significant concerns about the potential political influence on the highest judicial authority. Additionally, the Court's inconsistency in exercising its jurisdiction raises further concerns. To achieve the desired objectives of this study, we have endeavoured to evaluate the Court's stance and highlight the main issues that have led to this controversy. The study adopts an analytical methodology, which allows for a clear understanding of the reasons and motivations behind this inconsistency and provides a comprehensive evaluation of the Court's position on these principles and rulings

It has become known that taxes represent the main funder for the national treasury, but on the other hand, we find that those responsible tries to evade them in various ways, and this is called a tax crime. Although there is a consensus that a tax crime constitutes a violation of the tax law; Its goal is not to pay all or part of the tax debt, but the concept of tax crime still has problems in defining it. The tax was not aimed at any economic goal or any interference in social activity, but rather its aim was to provide the state treasury with the resources necessary to cover expenses. However, when the state abandoned its traditional and neutral character, it resorted to directing the national economy and managing its basic sectors

According to Labor Law, a trainee is every person in the training, perpetration, and qualification stage who resorts to centers specialized in training people proficiently with the aim of accruing new experiences and technical skills or developing the skills he possesses to be able to join a decent job that suits his physical abilities and experiences. In order to protect him from unemployment and from falling prey to exploitation and abuse by employers or training bodies, the state worked to establish legal rules that regulate the work training process. Including the conditions for the trainee to enroll in it, and the bodies responsible for providing the training, as well as the rights and obligations of each of the parties to the training relationship. Hence, this study sheds light on the protection provided by the Iraqi legislator to the trainee in training centers in Iraq by studying the rights granted to him by law in addition to the duties imposed on him

The phenomenon of intellectual extremism manifests itself as one of the negative phenomena with a direct threat to the peaceful coexistence and social cohesion of Iraqi society and the current political system, and its intensity increases from time to time, according to the general conditions of the Iraqi state, especially in light of the growth of extremist ideas across borders and the Iraqi environment has become attractive due to the absence of measures. Preventive measures that help protect society.
These indicators called on state institutions, specifically Iraqi universities, to take their active and influential role in society, as their most prominent input is the student group by adopting preventive measures that would prevent young people from acquiring extremist ideology that is alien to Iraqi society, and here it must be noted that protecting students from this Deviant thinking is not limited to security or legal measures, Rather, it goes beyond preventive measures and pursues a proactive strategy that relies on non-traditional, applicable initiatives to protect university students in accordance with the psychology and privacy of Iraqi society

This research it sums up to presenting an important method of advocacy, which is the method of (replacing bad with good), where we discussed at the beginning an explanation of the importance of this method in the Holy Qur’an and the Sunnah of the Prophet, and presented the most prominent means that help to adopt this elegant method, and then we showed after that the most important positive effects. Which is reflected in the relationships of individuals in society and ensures their stability, such as love and cooperation, rejecting differences, defusing crises, being patient with harming others, maintaining the ties of kinship, and stabilizing family and social relations, through displaying the effects, images, and situations that prove this from the Holy Qur’an, the Sunnah of the Prophet, and the biography of the Companions. And the followers

Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays ibn Maadi Karb, Al-Kindi, was the leader of his people and was obeyed among them. He came to the Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace, in the tenth year of the Hijra, and with him were eighty riders from his people. Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, may God be pleased with him, married him to his sister. He witnessed the Battle of Yarmouk in the Levant, and his eye was gouged out. Then he traveled to Iraq, and witnessed Al-Qadisiyah, Al-Mada'in, Jalawla, and Nahawand, and witnessed Siffin with Ali Ibn Abi Talib, may God be pleased with him. Othman, may God be pleased with him, used him to rule Azerbaijan, and Al-Hasan Ibn Ali married his daughter, and he went down to Kufa, built a house there, and died there. Forty days after the killing of Ali bin Abi Talib, may God be pleased with him, he had four hadiths in the nine books, one of which is in the two Sahih books, and the hadiths indicate that a person must not swear falsely to God Almighty, and the other is that in raising children there is charity and reward, and a person must belong to To his father, not to his mother, and it is a man's duty to thank him when someone does him a favor.

The aim of the current research is to study mental alertness and genuine pride among faculty members at the university. The sample of the current research consisted of (400) male and female teachers who were chosen in an equal stratified random manner from the research community according to the university variable, as (200) were chosen from government universities (University of Anbar). He also chose (200) male and female teaching staff from private colleges, and with regard to gender, the number of teaching staff reached (200) male and female teaching staff. A set of conclusions were reached, the most important of which is that faculty members have a high level of mental alertness. There were no gender differences in mental alertness, differences appeared for the scientific title in favor of the title (professor), differences appeared for the type of education in favor of government education, and also that faculty members have a high level. Of genuine boasting, and the emergence of gender differences in genuine boasting in favor of males and the emergence of an effect of academic title and in favor of the title (professor) with the appearance of an effect of type of education in favor of public education. The relationship between mental alertness and genuine pride is a direct relationship

This research entitled (The beginnings and causes of the Berber rebellion against the Arab Islamic state in Andalusia) is one of the smart topics in which those rebellions carried out by the Berbers participated and built, whether they were political, economic, or social.
The researchers also highlighted the role of the tribal structure, which was sometimes the reason for declaring rebellion, disobedience, and departure from central authority, and trying to win members of the tribe and the regime to rebellion and side with the leaders of the rebellion.
Due to the importance of this topic, he also presented the nature of the practical work in some areas of Andalusia, which extends into the mountainous and rocky areas in the northern region, which was the main reason and encouragement for declaring the rebellion and prolonging its duration due to its high rugged nature

The agricultural sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is great and distinct importance as it is one of the vital and important sectors that has a direct impact in terms of providing food for all the population of the Kingdom, and many of its crops also contribute to supplying the national productive industries with raw materials. The agricultural sector is also considered the primary means of providing fodder for animals of all kinds. As for the second benefit of agriculture, it is considered one of the primary sources of national income, through the money it provides as a result of exporting many types of agricultural crops outside the country, as well as what merchants offer in local markets, which has brought it to a state of self-sufficiency in agricultural crops, whether in the summer. They are called summer crops and winter crops in winter. Agricultural crops vary from one region to another, depending on the climatic conditions and soil suitable for them, as well as according to the amounts of water available in the Kingdom’s vast regions. Thus, irrigation methods for farms can be evaluated into several sections, some of which depend on rainwater falling in the winter, and the other section on surface water or water. Wells and springs that are drilled. On this basis, the government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia paid great attention to agriculture, providing fertilizers and improved seeds and offering them to farmers at subsidized prices. Agricultural machinery was also exempted from customs duties imposed on goods imported abroad, and the Kingdom also worked to establish experimental farms to grow many agricultural crops

The research examined the effectiveness of the financial market in the economy through the size, efficiency, and activity of the financial market, as well as banking indicators as variables relied upon in making economic policy and increasing the rate of economic growth. The research concluded that the financial markets help to convert part of the society's savings into useful investments. Investment projects also play an important role in achieving comprehensive development, as it is the best way to exploit human and financial energies. and the money market collects capital from economic units with financial surpluses and distributes them to incapable economic units by providing the necessary funding for them. It thus helps in achieving economic balance