journal of the college of basic education

The effect of the supported structured learning strategy on learning some soccer skills for middle school students Learning is not a process of acquiring information, but rather an inspired process in which the learner builds information and skill, which contributes to his increase. The student in self-learning may be more active because he analyzes the tasks presented to him by the teacher and always plans for the appropriate goals for his learning and to achieve those goals planned by Elm. Design and application of educational units according to the strategy of self-organized education and to identify the effect of the strategy of self-organized learning supported in learning some basic skills in football. The researchers used the experimental method for its suitability with the nature of the problem and the objectives of the research. The research community and its sample. The researchers deliberately identified the research community, the research from the students of the Iraq Middle School for Al-Bayan in the Directorate of Education of Baghdad Karkh third for the academic year 2021-2022, numbering 142 students. As for the research sample, it was chosen by the random method, as it was formed Of the fifth year preparatory students with four divisions, Division A 35 students, Division B 35 students, Division C 34 students, and Division D 38 students. The systematic random method was used to determine the two research groups, as Division (A) was chosen to be an experimental group and Division (D) a control group and lists each A research group is 10 students, so the research sample consists of (20) students, who make up 35.21% of the research community. As this percentage is representative and real for the research community, the exploratory experiment was applied by selecting (10) students from (C) to represent the sample of the exploratory experiment for skill tests and (10) from Division C. After that, the researchers determined the appropriate skills and tests as well as conducting a pilot experiment and conducting the test Al-Qibli and proceeded to apply 12 educational units according to the self-organized learning model, and after that he conducted the post-test and the researchers used the statistical bag to reach statistical results from which the most important conclusions crystallized, including the positive impact of the supported organized learning strategy in learning some football skills for the fifth grade preparatory students. Self-organized learning encourages students to contribute to creativity and innovation in proportion to their experiences, skills and personal talents. The self-organized learning strategy worked on gaining learners cognitive experience and has improved their self-organization process, memorization and retrieval process, and the learner became a participant in decision-making. The self-organized learning strategy contributed to providing Students' feedback worked to reduce common errors in skill performance.

The research aims to determine the effectiveness of using (Infographics) in self-learning skills for fifth grade students and to verify the research objective.
There is no statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group of students who will study using the infographic and the average scores of the control group who will study according to the usual method in the self-learning skills scale.
The experimental design with partial control was chosen for the two experimental and control groups, each with a post-test to test the acquisition of a self-learning skills scale.
The research community is represented by all students of the fifth scientific grade in preparatory and secondary schools for boys, governmental daytime affiliated to the Maysan Education Directorate, as the number of students reached 4513-students distributed to (41- preparatory & secondary) schools, and the research sample was chosen by the simple random method (lottery). (4.) In Sada Al-Taf Secondary School for Boys, it contained 60 students distributed in two divisions for the fifth applied scientific grade, with 30 students in each division, and by simple random assignment; Division (B) represented the experimental group that will be studied using infographics; and the same Division (A) represented the control group which will be studied in the usual way .
The experimental and control groups were rewarded for intelligence, previous achievement, and a measure of self-learning skills.
The research tools were prepared The Self-Learning Skills Scale consisted of 34 items divided into five skills (goal-setting and planning skills, organizational skills, guidance and control skills, learning resource management, and self-evaluation skills), answered on a five-year Likert scale (always, often, sometimes, seldom, never). Where the validity and reliability of the scale were tested by using the split-half method and its equation with the Spearman-Brown equation, which amounted to (0.79), and the psychometric properties were extracted.
The experiment was applied in the first semester and lasted (11) weeks, and (23) daily teaching plans were prepared for the experimental group using infographics, and the same for the control group according to the usual method.
After completing the application of the experiment, the data were treated statistically by relying on the statistical package (SPSS). The results showed that the experimental group who studied using the infographic in the learning skills scale outperformed their peers in the control group with significant significance and a large effect size.
In accordance with the study findings, the researcher advises the use of infographics as an alternative to the traditional style of education.

The current research aims to reveal The effect of Landa's model on acquiring generative thinking skills for students of the Department of Art Education in producing design works In order to verify the objective of the research, the following null hypotheses were developed:
• There is no statistically significant difference at the level of statistical significance (0.05) between the mean scores of the experimental group students and the average scores of the students in the control group on the cognitive test before and after.
To validate the hypotheses, where the research sample was selected from the University of Maysan / Department of Art Education / the third grade, which numbered (25) male and female students, and it was designed, presented to a group of experts, and presented to a group of experts. and specialists

Mural art is one of the most important subjects of art education on the one hand and a methodological material in institutes of fine arts on the other hand. And faster so that the student can absorb all the information presented to him in an interesting way. Based on the foregoing, the problem of the current research can be summarized by the following question:
What is the effect of teaching with the aesthetic approach to developing skill performance in the art of murals for female students of the Institute of Fine Arts? The research aims to identify the effect of teaching with the aesthetic approach to developing the skill performance in the subject of mural art for female students of the Institute of Fine Arts.
The research community consists of the students of the Department of Fine Arts / Institute of Fine Arts - Diyala for Girls - Morning Studies and the Institute of Fine Arts Baghdad / Karkh for girls who, their number (12) who study the subject of mural art, as the number of students in this department in the two institutes reached (114) students With (70) female students at the Institute of Fine Arts in Diyala and (44) female students at the Institute of Fine Arts in Baghdad Al-Karkh, they are divided into (3) academic stages for the academic year (2021-2022).
The most important results are: After applying Cohen's equation, the following was found:
1. The effect size of the cognitive achievement test was (5,332). Therefore, the effect size of teaching with the aesthetic approach on cognitive achievement has a significant impact on the students of the experimental group.
2. The effect size of the skill performance test was (2,904). Therefore, the effect size of teaching with the aesthetic approach on the skill performance has a significant impact on the students of the experimental group.
The most important conclusions are:
1- The steps of the educational content of the study plans in the subject of mural art contributed to the process of attracting the attention of (experimental) students to the topics that were taught according to the aesthetic approach, which stimulated the students’ motivation to complete the requirements of the educational material.
2- Distinguishing the educational content of the study plans designed according to the aesthetic approach in a simplified manner that facilitated the process of acquiring educational experiences in the subject of mural art after conducting a process of simplifying the concepts and information contained in this subject.

The research aims to identify (the effect of the wandering exhibition strategy on divergent thinking among female students of the fourth scientific grade in biology)
To verify this, the following null hypothesis was formulated:
1 - “There is no statistically significant difference at the (0.05) level between the average scores of the experimental group students who will study according to the roaming exhibition strategy and the average scores of the control group students who will study according to the usual method in the divergent thinking test.”
Where the two researchers chose the middle school of the martyr Amna Al-Sadr affiliated with the General Directorate of Education in the province of Babil in an intentional way, and in the way of random assignment, Division (C) was chosen to represent the experimental group that will study biology according to the strategy of the roaming exhibition, and the number of its students is (30), while the division represented ( b) The control group that will study biology according to the usual method, and the number of its students (32) students. For the academic year ( 2021-2022 )
The two researchers determined the subject that will be studied during the period of application of the experiment, which is (6) chapters from the biology book for the fourth scientific class.
After completing the experiment and application of the divergent thinking test and obtaining the results, the data were treated statistically using the t-test for two independent samples, and the following results were reached.
The students of the experimental group who were taught according to the wandering exhibition strategy outperformed the students of the control group who were taught according to the usual method in the divergent thinking test.
Therefore, the researcher recommends some recommendations and suggestions.

The research study aims to find out the effect of frequent intensity exercises prepared by the researcher in order to develop some physical abilities and some skills of youth basketball players.
As every coach needs to know how to develop the players’ abilities in the physical and skill side in a manner commensurate with the development that takes place in the game of basketball through his use of new training methods in the application of exercises, which are based on scientific foundations, and in a manner that suits the capabilities of the study sample and in order to develop their abilities correctly, and thus the number of the research sample was (14) players and their ages from (16-18) Year, and the research sample was distributed by lottery method to two experimental and control groups, each group consisted of (7) players, where exercises of constant intensity were carried out on the experimental group. By (8 weeks) and each week there were (3) training units, as the total number of training units in the main experiment was (24) units, and that the unit time. The training is (90 minutes), and the high intensity interval training method was used in the implementation of the exercises, where the intensity is high and the rest time is short. Through the researcher's use of statistical methods. On the occasion, the researcher reached several conclusions, including that training using
The experimental group was significantly superior in all physical and skill tests in relation to the pre- and post-tests. As for the dimensional tests, the dimensionality showed the 'experimental group'. Significant superiority in all tests over the control group. Accordingly, the researcher recommends the necessity of using frequent intensity exercises by coaches in order to develop the players’ physical and skill abilities that will raise the team’s achievement. The researcher also recommends conducting other studies and other research on different age groups and on other sports activities and games different from the researcher’s study

The first chapter included the introduction and the importance of research in finding a new strategy to know its effectiveness in innovative thinking for the subject of teaching methods of physical education and sports sciences. It is important to present a kind of modern strategies such as the Scamper strategy. College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, third stage. Identifying the impact of Scamper's strategy on innovative thinking for teaching methods for students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences for the third stage. The second chapter included the research methodology and its field procedures, and the researcher used the experimental method in the style of equal experimental samples. The research community was determined by the intentional method, and they are the third-stage students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Wasit University, who numbered (100) students. (C-D) and their number is (40) students to represent Division (C) the control group and Division (D) the experimental group to represent each group (20) students, so that the research sample constitutes (50%) of the research community. For the purpose of the pilot experiment, (10) students were randomly selected from the research sample. The sample of the preparation included the entire research community and they are the students of the third stage. It reached (12) educational units, the time of the educational unit (90) minutes. The third chapter included presentation, analysis and discussion of the results, and included a detailed presentation of the results of all tests. The fourth chapter included the most important conclusions, which are that the Scamper strategy has a positive impact on the development of innovative thinking for the subject of teaching methods for third-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - Wasit University. The scamper strategy contributed to increasing the students' self-confidence by giving them the opportunity to generate and apply ideas. The researcher recommends the use of the scamper strategy by teachers in developing the innovative thinking of third-year students because of its role in raising their scientific level in teaching methods. Positively involving the students in the lesson and urging them to use their maximum potential and abilities in learning and developing their innovative thinking, as well as the need to use the Scamper strategy because it has effective countries in raising the level of knowledge among students.

The current research aims to determine The extent to which the of topics geometry and measurement in mathematics Middle stage books match the criteria of the mathematics curriculum document , The researcher followed the descriptive analytical approach , To verify this, the researcher prepared the list of standards of the mathematics curriculum document, The research sample topics geometry and and measurement in mathematics middle stage books , The researcher analyzed the topics of geometry and measurement The subject unit was adopted, The results of the research have concluded that the extent of the standards of the mathematics curriculum document in geometry and measurement topics are accepted percent (60.4%) , The researcher recommended informed the competent committees in preparing and authoring the curricula in the Ministry of Education On the search results when reviewing and evaluating textbooks, paying attention to the criteria that you did not want and working to include it.

The heritage decorations have an important impact on the interior spaces because of their expressive structure in contemporary designs and the blending between the past and the present. This field, where the traditional motifs have taken a creative pattern that attracts the recipient, with the aim of activating the communication between him and the inner space, as these motifs carry a visual identity, expressive and aesthetic meanings, belonging to the first part of the designer, and the second of the recipient, as having the nature of abstraction of decorations and their use in the interior spaces and from through semantic metaphors. And also revealing the nature of the characteristics of the expressive evidence of heritage motifs in the design of contemporary interior spaces and the extent to which identity and privacy are achieved through the use of expressive relationships of detailed decorative data that ensures the enhancement of the vision for this character. The study of (the employment of decorations in event halls) has not been previously studied, especially in Iraq, so this topic was chosen, in order to achieve the desired benefit from it, by the concerned authorities, including institutions, companies and others.
The expressive structure in the decorative formations is one of the basic foundations that should increase attention and its requirements to the level of domination over the overall photography. And that the geometric decorations represent formations that can be formed from linear relationships and the geometric decorations are The planar or stereoscopic or the decorative units implemented are of specific measurements.

The aim of the current research is to: "Knowing the objective thinking skills of students of the Department of Mathematics in the faculties of Basic Education." To verify this goal, the following questions must be answered:
1) What is the difference between the arithmetic average and the hypothetical average of the grades of the mathematics department students in the faculties of basic education, the research sample in the objective thinking skills test?
2) What is the difference between the arithmetic average of the scores of the mathematics department students in the faculties of basic education in the research sample in the objective thinking skills test (according to the gender variable)? Where the current research was limited to students of the Department of Mathematics in the faculties of basic education in Iraqi universities. (Morning study), the third stage, for both sexes (males and females), and (360) male and female students were selected, using the stratified random method. It is divided into seven skills, namely: (observation skill, classification skill, comparison skill, interpretation skill, analysis skill, prediction skill, and control skill). The stability of the test was also confirmed using the method of internal consistency coefficient (Alpha - Cronbach), and the reliability coefficient reached (0.802), and the test became composed of (30) paragraphs in its final form, and after applying the search tool to the sample, the test paragraphs were corrected and the data was sorted It was analyzed statistically, and the results of the research showed that there is a difference between the arithmetic mean and the hypothetical average, and it was also found that there is a difference between males and females and in favor of males in objective thinking skills.
The most important conclusions:
1) Students of the Mathematics Department in the faculties of Basic Education possess objective thinking skills.
2) There is a difference between the arithmetic average and the hypothetical average of the scores of the mathematics department students in the faculties of basic education in the research sample in the objective thinking skills test.
3) There is a difference between the arithmetic mean of the scores of the mathematics department students in the faculties of basic education in the research sample in the objective thinking skills test (according to the gender variable

The aim of the research is to prepare preventive exercises using resistance weights that are compatible with the research sample. To know the extent of its impact on the prevention of ankle joint ligament injury and its impact on the strength variable for young football players.
The researchers used the experimental method by designing a single group for its relevance to the nature of the research, and the research community was determined on young football players in specialized schools in Baghdad for the year (2021-2022), which numbered (35) players, then the sample was chosen in a deliberate way from the original community by (10) Players, and the duration of the preventive program lasted three months, three units per week, as the total number of units of the preventive program was (36) units, and after the completion of the program, post-tests were conducted.
The appropriate statistical treatments were used to reach a number of results, the most important of which is that there are significant differences between the tribal and remote tests for one group in favor of the post tests. The most important of them was the adoption of the preventive program that was built in the current research after its approval in the training of football players by the competent authorities in this field.

The first chapter included the introduction and the importance of research in finding a new strategy in learning some types of basketball scoring. It is important to present a kind of modern strategies such as educational models supporting them with kinetic sentences. The research aimed to prepare educational units in the educational model according to the various kinetic sentences and learning some types of scoring. Basketball, and knowing the effect of the educational units and the educational model according to the various kinetic sentences in learning some types of basketball scoring. And to identify which of the two groups of the control and the experimental developed more according to the approach followed for the experimental group and the effect of the strategy of the educational models and kinetic sentences of the control groupThe second chapter included the research methodology and its field procedures, and the researcher used the experimental method in the style of equivalent experimental samples for the universe, and the research sample amounted to (60) students from the first stage students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences - University College of Peace for the academic year 2021/2022, and the sample percentage was (54%) of the original population, they were divided by the systematic random method into two groups (controller and experimental) with (35) students for each group. As for the experimental group, the educational units were applied according to the educational models using the various kinetic sentences, and it amounted to (16) educational units and two units Teaching per week, unit time (90) minutes. . The third chapter included presentation, analysis and discussion of the results, and included a detailed presentation of the results of all tests. The fourth chapter included the most important conclusions, which are the superiority of the experimental group to which the educational models were applied using various kinetic sentences over the control group that applied the curriculum followed by the subject teacher in learning some types of basketball scoring. The researcher recommends emphasizing the use of educational models in the lesson of physical education and sports sciences to learn some types of basketball scoring. It is better to include exercises that contain a variety of kinetic sentences in practical lessons to learn and improve the skill abilities of students with basketball through which the student masters more than one skill.

The study aimed to build physical tests - and offensive skill for the back-line players of the handball education teams. Optical vision sensor design. And finding the grades and standard levels of physical-offensive skill tests for the back-line players of the handball education teams. And to identify the level of physical performance and offensive skill of the back-line players of the handball education teams. The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method for its relevance to the nature of the research. The research community was determined in a deliberate way, and they are the players (handball education teams for the central and middle Euphrates regions, who are registered with the Iraqi Ministry of Education in handball) for the academic year 2021-2022, amounting to (174) players. The research sample of (160) players was adopted at a rate of (91.95%) of the total research community, and the main sample was divided into three samples according to the requirements of the study to represent the exploratory sample of (30) players, the construction sample (85) players, and the legalization sample (130) ) players (as the results of the construction sample were taken (85) players, and (45) players from the rest of the research sample). Two tests were built and codified as follows: (a test for the midfield player, and a test for the forearm player) and according to the specialization and according to the variables and difficulty that the player performs in his position, and the optical vision sensor was designed for the purpose of measuring and testing players in wider possibilities in choosing Shooting direction according to the level of difficulty that simulates the playing conditions. In light of the results obtained by the researcher through the survey and field experiment and the use of appropriate statistical methods. The researcher reached the following conclusions: -
1- The construction and codification of two physical-offensive skills tests for the back line players, they have the ability to assess the level of the players on the field using direct measurement methods.
2- Reaching a positive indicator of the two tests because more than half of the research sample got results (below and above average)
3- The two tests can be adopted as means of evaluation by coaches before, during and after the implementation of training programs to prepare the players for the back line in handball.
In light of the conclusions, the researcher recommended the following:
1- Adopting the two physical tests - offensive skill to evaluate training programs in the application of different types of tactical duties, tactical diversity, and the physical capabilities of the players in the back line - offensive skill.
2- Generalizing the scores tables and standard levels for the two physical-offensive skills tests that were achieved in order to use them in the follow-up and continuous evaluation processes to know the levels and abilities of the players in the back line.

The research aims to identify the classroom control of the practical lesson for students of the Department of Physical Education, Sports Science and Sports Science in the College of Basic Education at Al-Mustansiriya University The researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method because it is more appropriate to the nature of his research.
The research community consists of the teachers of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences in the College of Basic Education in the province of Baghdad. The surveys were chosen at random.
The researcher used the classroom control scale for the practical lesson in the colleges and departments of physical education and sports sciences in Baghdad, which was previously built by the researcher and which is compatible with the nature of the research community. The scale consists of three axes: the guiding style, the reprimanding style, and the
And the punitive method, and for the purpose of knowing the clarity of the instructions and paragraphs, the scale of classroom control patterns and calculating the answer time, the researcher resorted to doing an exploratory experiment that was applied to a random sample of (8) two teachers from outside the research sample, and the researcher extracted the psychometric properties of the scale The statistical package (spss) was used to extract the statistical means, and after presenting, analyzing and discussing the results, the researcher reached the following results:
1- The indicative method occupied the first rank within the descending order in choosing the methods of class control, with an arithmetic mean of (37.01) with significant differences.
2-The reprimanding method occupied the second rank within the descending order in choosing the methods of class control, with an arithmetic mean of (24.77) with significant differences.
3-The punitive method occupied the third rank within the descending order in the choice of classroom control methods, with an arithmetic mean of (14.89) with random differences.

The current research aims to measure the level of teaching competencies for teachers of art education and then to identify the statistical differences of the gender variable between male and female teachers in teaching competencies , and the researcher adopted the descriptive research method .
The current research sample consisted of (80) male and female teachers of art education in primary schools in the general directorate of education in diyala
The researcher has prepared a tool a for the current research , which is .
- skill test tool (observation form) observation and evaluation of the performance of art education teachers , in teaching competencies (cognitive – performance – interactive – productivity) and the observation form consisted of (65) paragraphs.
The researcher used the following statistical methods to process the data
(arithmetic mean ,standard deviation , t –test for two independent samples ,variance , hypothetical mean.
Among the most important results of the current research .
The results of the first goal:-
The t-value amounted to( 273,19) which is a function in favor of the hypothetical mean , which means that the teachers of art education do not have teaching competencies.
The results of the second goal :-
The t-value amounted to (1,349) to be not statistically significant , which means that males and females have no statistically significant differences between male and female teachers in teaching competencies.
Conclusions:-
1- the study worked to improve and ralse the level of performance of art education teachers in the perf0rmance teaching competencies represented in planning implementation and evaluation .
2-the possibility of training according to the standards of total quality , as it is an essential foundation in the field of education to achieve the satisfaction of the student and the guardian.
Recommendation :-
1-the need to take advantage of this study in training art education teachers on teaching competencies during the service.
2- do another study that studies other variables such the variable of service , age and previous experience of teachers.
Suggestions :-
1- conducting a study similar to the current study with other dependent variables that were not addressed by the current study .
2- the researcher suggests conducting a study that studies each adequacy separately.

The aim of the research is to prepare rehabilitative exercises to alleviate the deformation of the roundness of the shoulders, as well as to identify the effect of rehabilitative exercises in improving the flexibility and strength of the muscles working on the shoulders and back for the research sample, and to identify the effect of rehabilitative exercises to alleviate the deformation of the deformation of the shoulders of the research sample. The researchers also proceeded to use the experimental method with a pre- and post-test for its relevance to the research problem. As for the research community, it reached (7) students who were chosen in a deliberate way at the ages of (10-12) years who had a deformity in the rotation of the shoulders in (15 schools) of the third Rusafa education schools The sons of Al-Rafidain district in Baghdad governorate, thus the research sample amounted to (71%) of the community of origin, and they were presented to a specialist doctor, examinations were conducted, and x-rays were taken for them by means of an X-ray device, and it was confirmed that they had deviations under study as a result of their practicing wrong habits and not as a result of permanent or genetic abnormalities The deformation was of a minor degree and (2) of them were excluded because the students’ parents did not accept their participation, and thus the number of the sample reached (5) students, and for the purpose of verifying the homogeneity of the sample, the researchers extracted the torsion coefficient in the variables (age, height, weight).
The duration of the qualifying program took three months, three units per week, as the total number of units of the qualifying program was (36) units. Before and after the researchers concluded that the rehabilitative exercises worked to reduce the degree of rotation of the shoulders among the sample members suffering from deformity of the rotation of the shoulders. The diversity of rehabilitative exercises had a significant impact on improving flexibility and muscular strength tests among the sample members suffering from deformity of the roundness of the shoulders.

The current research aims to identify the critical thinking skills of male and female faculty members of science faculties, by answering the following question: “What are the critical thinking skills possessed by male and female faculty members of science faculties?
The method used was the descriptive one. The current research community represented the teaching and teaching of science faculties for the departments (chemistry, physics and life sciences) who are in charge of the college for the academic year 2021/2022, and the research sample was represented by the College of Science / Al-Mustansiriya University, and the number of male and female teachers reached The faculty for all departments is ( ) teaching and teaching. As for the number of male and female teachers of the department (chemistry, physics and life sciences), it reached ( ) teaching and teaching. To achieve the goal of the research, a test for critical thinking skills was prepared and its paragraphs reached (40) paragraphs distributed over five areas as shown in the body of the research In the third chapter, which is (Assumptions, Interpretation, Evaluation of Arguments, Deduction, Conclusion), the validity of the tool was verified by adopting 80% of the arbitrators’ acceptance. The tool’s stability was also verified by applying the Keoder-Richardson equation 20, and after applying the search and data extraction tool. The results showed that (teachers of science colleges have critical thinking skills, but at a slightly above average rate).

In the light of these results, the researcher developed a set of appropriate recommendations, and suggested conducting subsequent research to complete this research and designing programs to develop critical thinking among male and female teachers, whether in the faculties of science or the rest of the faculties

The aim of the current research is to identify the difficulties of using the Newton educational platform for male and female mathematics teachers in the primary stage. The researcher used the descriptive analytical correlative approach because it is the appropriate approach to the nature and objectives of the research. The research community consists of mathematics teachers in the primary stage in Diyala Governorate - Baquba District, for the academic year (2021-2022), and their number is (877) teachers, and the number of sample members (480) male and female teachers from the schools of Baqubah District. A tool has been prepared to achieve the goal of the current research, which is a questionnaire for the difficulties of using the Newton educational platform for male and female teachers of mathematics, and after the application and data processing using the appropriate statistical means for research, taking advantage of the statistical program (2014 Spss), the results resulted in difficulties in using the Newton educational platform for Primary school mathematics teachers. Due to the results, it was concluded that there is a clear unintentional neglect and poor follow-up of the Newton educational platform by the male and female mathematics teachers in the research sample, and the lack of many schools of electronic laboratories to use the Newton educational platform and the time allotted for one class is insufficient to cover the topic of the lesson. According to the research results, the researcher recommended a number of recommendations, including the involvement of educational cadres in development courses on how to use the Newton educational platform in particular and educational platforms in general. The researcher suggested conducting a number of studies for different groups related to the educational process:
1- Determining the difficulties of using the Newton educational platform by mathematics supervisors in the primary stage and proposing solutions to them.
2- Identifying the impact of using the Newton educational platform in primary schools in acquiring mathematical concepts and their relationship to technological development.
3- Studying teachers' attitudes towards using the Newton educational platform in teaching mathematics.
4- Making a comparative study between Newton's educational platform and other platforms from the point of view of teachers in acquiring mathematical concepts.

The aim of the current research is to know the reality of classroom leadership skills for teaching sports management in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Science from the point of view of third stage students. The fields of research consisted of third-year students in the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / College of Basic Education. The research was applied for the period from 1/2/2022 - 24/4/2022. In the classrooms of the Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / College of Basic Education/ Al-Mustansiriyah. The most prominent conclusions were that sports administration professors possess different leadership skills in the field of teaching and correct leadership within the classroom. And My teacher of sports management has an effective leadership personality in the classroom. Sports administration professors have the ability to properly and deliberately plan the lesson in advance. The most prominent recommendations are to encourage participation with Iraqi and local universities in order to exchange experiences with them in order to renew and increase acquaintance between them. The faculty members must be properly included in the leadership preparation courses in order to properly enhance their leadership ability in the classroom. And assessing the leadership skills of faculty members in colleges and departments of physical education and sports sciences from the students' point of view

The study aimed to know the effectiveness of thinking maps in acquiring the concepts of art education among the students of the Institute of Fine Arts in the subject of criticism and artistic analysis. To achieve the goal of the research, the researchers used a one-group experimental design with a pre- and post-test for criticism and technical analysis for its suitability on a sample of fifth-grade students from the Institute of Fine Arts, fifth-grade, and the research sample consisted of (11) students as an experimental group, and to reach the results of the research is a tool The research is represented by a cognitive achievement test for the subject of criticism and technical analysis, the researchers analyzed the data into systematic images for their research using the statistical package for social sciences (spss(
The most important results of the search showed the following:
1- The thinking maps strategy had a high ability to attract the attention of the students and increase their participation in the lesson, which led to an increase in the effectiveness of the students towards the lesson, which helped in learning the technical concepts of criticism and business analysis.
2- The ability of the thinking maps strategy to acquire the cognitive information related to the subject of criticism and technical analysis, which is decided in the fifth stage of the Institute of Fine Arts for the female students, which was reflected in their ability to analyze technical issues and their answers to the test items prepared for this purpose.
Recommendations:
In light of the results and conclusions reached by the researchers, they recommend a number of recommendations, including:
1- The necessity of training learners to use thinking maps because of their great impact on learning technical concepts and visual thinking skills.
2- The necessity for the teacher to participate with his students in preparing and implementing thinking maps.
Suggestions:
To complement and develop the current research, the researcher suggested the following:
1. Conducting a study similar to the current study to know the effect of the thinking maps strategy on other dependent variables such as expressive performance, self-confidence, and attitude towards the subject, and others.

The research dealt with the study of modern technologies for thermal insulation in the field of construction and building for our need to apply high-efficiency building materials that solve technical and aesthetic problems while providing the best techniques and materials in order to show a decent and sophisticated environment. Therefore, the interior designer must learn about the modern technologies of thermal insulation materials, which develop according to the design idea, the surroundings of the internal environment and the requirements of the times. Thermal insulation materials are an endless source for the interior designer who is interested in solving it in the formulation of the design idea. Here lies the research problem in the following question: What is the role of modern technologies for thermal insulation? What are its impactful dimensions in the designs of the interior environment? While the objective of the research is to reveal the role played by modern technologies for thermal insulation and to show its impactful dimensions in the designs of the interior environment, through the use of formal structural elements of these techniques and the impactful transformations of contemporary aesthetics. As for the limits of the research, it was objectively determined by studying the modern technologies of thermal insulation and its impactful dimensions in the designs of the interior environment, while its spatial and temporal limits included the interior spaces represented by (reception halls) in the Arab Gulf countries for the period from 2011 to 2019. While the second chapter included (with its main title: Study of modern technologies for thermal insulation) (and the second with its main title: Studying the impact of design on the internal environment), while the third chapter was devoted to identifying the topic of research procedures represented by the research methodology based on the descriptive approach in the analysis of sample models. It relied on the intentional selective method, and the sample was 29% of the research community, and the research tool used was the analysis form. The researcher's style: consistency between analysts, and thus the percentage of reliability coefficient reached 84%, while the fourth chapter included extracting the results of the research, the most important of which are:
1_ The interior designer had the ability to study the effect of visual design relations to link the functional and aesthetic aspect through (light, color and texture) that appeared to be realized within the internal determinants of the first and second models. While the most important conclusions emerged through the following:
1_ The characteristics of the design formations structure are based on achieving the function of the interior space through the internal determinants as well as enriching the space expressively and psychologically, taking into consideration the achievement of the aesthetic performance within the space, taking into account the mutual relationship and compatible with the environment as a source of inspiration, influential and influenced by all interior designs. While the chapter also presented the recommendations and proposals and the beneficiaries.

The research aims to analyze the middle/second grade math book according to/productive thinking skills,The descriptive-analytical approach was use.
There search sample consisted of amathematics book for these condintermediate grade,which was established by the Iraqi Ministry of Education,the General of Directorate Curriculaforthe academic year(2021-2022AD),initsfirst/second parts, For this purpose , I have prepared an analysistool represented in the list of productive thinking skills, Its validity was verified by presenting it to a group of specialists in curricula and teaching methods, The idea unit (implicit and explicit idea) is adopted as the recording unit, and the frequency as the enumeration unit, The validity of the analysis was also verifiedbyapresentation Holist Asample of the Analysis on a group of arbitrators,/used/frequencies and percentages/and
an equation To calculate the stability of the analysis between the researcher and herself
over time and between her/and other analysts,Theresults showed that the productive thinking skills were distributed unbalancedly and in varying and clear proportions, where the induction skill ranked first with a rate of (21.5%), the skill of predicting assumptions ranked second at a rate of (18.3%)/,and the skill of evaluating discussions ranked third with a rate of (16.5%), and the skill of predicting assumptions ranked second with a rate of (18.3%) , and the skill of evaluating discussions rankedthird witharate of (16.5%), andtheThe fourth was gained by the fluency skillat arate of (14.5%),respectively,while the leastin clusive percentages werefrom theshare of my creative thinking skills (originality ranked last (seventh) at arate of(5.4%),andflexibility got the rank Sixth (10.5%).
According to these results ,many recommendations were presented, including the necessity of including productive thinking skills in the mathe matics book of the second grade inter mediatelevel in abalanced andregular manner with/taking into account the sub-skills /productive thinking ,especially the skills that are less included in the mathematics book of the second intermediate grade/,as well as, Anumber of proposals were also presented as conducting more studies to identify the availability ofthe restof the textbooks for productive thinking skills that are not/specific to aspecific subject, but must/be developed/in/all curricula/and conduct a comparative analytical study /between the mathematics booksof the preparatory stage in Iraq and one of the Arab countries/in/the light of/skills/thinking/product.

The study aimed at the effect of Robinson\'s strategy on the achievement of art education students in the subject of artistic taste.. To achieve the goal of the research, the researchers used the experimental design with two equal groups, experimental and control, with a pre and post test for the subject of artistic taste., to suit it on a sample of students of the Department of Art Education / College of Basic Education / the first stage. In order to reach the results of the research, the research tool was represented by a cognitive achievement test for the subject of artistic taste., the researchers analyzed the data into systematic images for their research using the statistical package for social sciences (spss).
The most important results of the search showed the following:
1. The interaction process provided by this strategy increased the students\' ability to memorize information and understand it correctly, in a scientific and practical way.
2. The use of Robinson’s strategy gives students the ability to generate questions through the survey process and an introductory view of the topic and the possibility of raising them in the lesson. It also generates ideas, excitement and curiosity for the purpose of the scientific study of each topic in the lesson.
Recommendations:
In light of the results and conclusions reached by the researchers, they recommend a number of recommendations, including:
1- The necessity of using Robinson\'s strategy in other subjects for other stages, and investigating its impact on student achievement.
2- Providing the necessary equipment and devices and preparing books, resources and modern teaching aids in educational and educational institutions to facilitate the use of Robinson\'s strategy. Suggestions:
To complement and develop the current research, the researcher suggested the following:
1. Conducting a similar experimental study using Robinson\'s strategy in the subject of artistic taste.

This research comes within the context of the descriptive approach, which aims to study the divergent thinking skills of the students of the Mathematics Department in the Faculties of Basic Education, by answering the following questions:
1.What are the divergent thinking skills of the students of the mathematics department in the faculties of basic education?
2. Does the performance of students in divergent thinking skills differ according to gender?
The research sample was chosen by stratified random method, as the research sample consisted of (329) male and female students of the fourth stage, the Mathematics Department in the Colleges of Basic Education, at a rate of (29.67%) of the total community of (1108), distributed among (7) universities, namely (Al-Mustansiriya). Mosul, Kufa, Tikrit, Diyala, Maysan and Tal Afar). One division was selected from each of the mathematics departments in the faculties of basic education.
In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher took the following measures:
1 . Preparing the divergent thinking skills test, which consists of (20) paragraphs, including (15) article paragraphs and (5) objective paragraphs distributed among its four skills (open thinking, flexible thinking, original thinking, and expanded thinking), and by (5) paragraphs for each skill the four. Its validity and reliability were confirmed, as the test's stability was (0.88). The research tool (Branded Thinking Skills Test) was applied to the basic research sample, where the application lasted for a month from Wednesday (12/30/2021) until Monday (1/24/2022), and using the appropriate statistical means, the results showed the following:
Students of the Mathematics Department in the faculties of Basic Education possess a simple level of divergent thinking skills,
There is a weakness in the skill of original thinking, the absence of statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) due to the gender variable in divergent thinking skills. Developing divergent thinking, especially original thinking, and suggested building a training program for mathematics teachers according to divergent thinking skills, and conducting studies that investigate the impact of teaching by integrating divergent thinking skills within the academic content with other variables.

The process of implementing the rules of perspective into educational means to clarify their steps and skills, so neglecting the use of educational aids and their use in the teaching process can contribute to the learner's awareness of the requirements and rules of this subject, that the current research problem can be based around the following question: Educational aids have an effective role in Perception of the learner of the rules of perspective and their implementation on different shapes and objects?
As the current research aims to aim the current research to know the effect of using educational aids in developing the skills performance of middle school students in the subject matter.
As for the second chapter, it included the following:
The criteria for a successful educational method , Steps to useeducational aids , Educational media sources , 3D educational aids , The most important features of the figures , Material perspective .
The research community has adopted all the vocabulary or units of the phenomenon subject of the study from which the sample is chosen in an intentional or random way. The number of preparatory schools in the Second Rusafa District reached (79) preparatory schools. The number of students in the preparatory stage reached (9680) students, distributed among (242) A fourth-stage class, and the researcher obtained the numbers from the Statistics and Planning Division at the Ministry of Education. The researcher chose the experimental and control group from the fourth intermediate grades in a random manner. The number of members of the experimental group reached (25) male and female students, while the members of the control group reached (24) male and female students. Accordingly, the researcher adopted one of the experimental designs with partial control for two control and experimental groups with a post-test. The research came out with a set of conclusions, the most important of which are:
1- The use of 3D educational aids increases and speeds up the understanding of students in the subject matter.
2- The more all human senses are used, the greater the understanding process in the educational process.

The aim of the research is to analyze the content of the mathematics textbook for the fifth grade of primary school according to the standards of the Mathematics Curriculum Document. From this goal, two questions were derived:
1. What are the standards of the mathematics curriculum document that should be available in the content of the mathematics textbook for the fifth grade in the areas of (number and operations, algebra, geometry and measurement, statistics and probability(
2. Are the standards of the mathematics curriculum document available in the content of a mathematics book for the fifth grade of primary school in the fields of (number and operations, algebra, geometry and measurement, statistics and probability(
To achieve the goal of the research and answer the two questions, the researcher adopted the descriptive analytical approach, as the research sample was the mathematics book for the fifth grade of primary school for the academic year (2021-2022(
As the researcher prepared a content analysis card in accordance with the standards of the mathematics curriculum document, verifying its validity after presenting it to a group of specialized arbitrators, as it obtained an agreement percentage of (88.51%(.
The content analysis card, in accordance with the standards of the curriculum document in its final form, consisted of four areas: (the field of preparation and operations, which includes four axes and (125) indicators, and the field of algebra three axes and (29) indicators, and the field of geometry and measurement of three axes and (78) indicators The field of statistics and probability has two axes and (29) indicators.
The mathematics textbook for the fifth grade of primary school was analyzed according to these criteria, and a sample of the analysis sample was presented to a number of specialized arbitrators and they agreed on the validity of the analysis process. The second was the use of other analysts and obtained an agreement ratio between analysts (0.93) using the Holste equation.
The results of the research revealed that: The mathematics textbook for the fifth grade of primary school achieved a percentage of (63.60%) of the content standards of the mathematics curriculum document, as it achieved the first place in the field of preparation and operations with (78) indicators and (2168) recurrences and a rate of (65.34%), As for the field of engineering and measurement, it ranked second with (51) indicators and a rate of (715) recurrences and a rate of (21.55%), followed by the third rank in the field of statistics and probability, achieving (19) indicators and a rate of (220) recurrences and a rate of (6.63%), while the field of Al-Jabr ranked last with (18) indicators and (215) recurrences, or (6.48%(.
Based on the research results, a number of recommendations and suggestions were presented.
The most important recommendations:
1. Benefiting from the list of criteria for the mathematics curriculum document for the current research, when making a change, developing, modifying, or avoiding deficiencies in the content of mathematics textbooks at the primary stage.
2. Provide all primary school mathematics teachers with a copy of the mathematics curriculum document so that they have access to the content standards of the books that were designed in light of it.
The most important suggestions:
1. Conducting research in analyzing the content of mathematics textbooks for the intermediate or preparatory stage, according to the special mathematics curriculum document for each stage.
2. Conducting comparative research for mathematics books for the primary stage in Iraq with mathematics books from Arab countries whose books were designed according to their own documents.

The aim of the current research is to study the impact of blended learning and teaching football skills to students of the second intermediate grade, through the preparation of an educational program and it was presented to the experts.
In the second chapter, the researcher dealt with theoretical studies, and the third chapter included field research procedures, as the research community was chosen by the intentional method from the students of Baghdad Education Schools, Al-Rusafa, the third - Al-Amana Intermediate School for Boys - the second grade average, as the total research community reached (187) students, distributed on (5) People As for the research sample, the researcher conducted a lottery to select (20) students from them in a random way, and after arranging them in ascending order, they were divided in a systematic random way into two groups (experimental and control) and by (10) students from Division (C) as an experimental group and ( 10) Students from Hall (D) as a control group
The educational program was applied to the experimental research sample and lasted for eight weeks with two educational units per week, thus the total educational units amounted to (16) educational units, and then the researcher conducted post tests for the experimental and control groups. And the results were treated statistically between the post tests of the experimental and control groups. The results of the tests showed that there were significant differences between the results of the pre and post tests for the control and experimental groups, and the emergence of significant differences between the results of the post tests for the experimental and control groups and in favor of the results of the post tests. The results of the study were presented and discussed.
In the fifth chapter, the conclusions reached by the researcher were presented by showing an effective impact on the impact of blended learning in teaching the skill of soccer scoring for second-grade students. It was recommended that similar studies be conducted in different games and different age groups.

The process of preparing the designers process is not easy , especially when it comes to students of disciplines of the Design Arts in colleges and institutes of the Fundation of Technical Education for two reasons: The first reason that accepting these students accepted ˝ centrally ˝ and not special ˝ includes testing process that differentiation between students on the basis of possession of talent. The second reason for the existence of individual differences among them. This comes Search to run in this process by identifying problems impeding her and addressed by employing the researcher to approach (NLP) in the process of preparation as a curriculum interested in studying success and as a method stimulates the individual to discover the potentials unlimited and use it to make a personal change , particularly that employing this approach in various fields has given satisfactory results. This search consists of three chapters, the chapter one includes a simplification and the importance of search and it’s aim , also includes the limits and terms of the search. . chapter two includes two parts the first deals with ( NLP ) is defined by presenting the main principles ( hypotheses ), while the second part deals with the performing skill and factors affecting the acquisition. In the third chapter were identified research methodology and the research community and the sample research group measures taken by the researcher and down to achieve the goals search in the design of a practical method teaching depended on the principles of (NLP) is designed to guide the student and stimulated to achieve success in the acquisition of skill performance in a colors lesson , then apply the curriculum and test it to see the effectiveness of skill employed in giving to students.
After designing and implementing practical approach new class of trainees covered that have been identified concluded researcher that the percentage of the progress of students who relied program in their applications higher than the progress of students who relied traditional way of four comparisons he made between the two groups , while the percentages equal in comparison Fifth, the Researcher believe this result is an indication of the validity of the program and thus the possibility of Utilization ( NLP ) to give students skills effectively. The researcher has concluded his recommendation and a list of Arabic and foreign scientific sources adopted.

The energy transfer of fluorescence resonance in aqueous solution was studied between two organic dyes, Fluorescein and Rhodamine B. Both dyes were found in solution as monomers, according to spectroscopic studies. Energy transfer was observed in fluorescence resonance imaging solutions containing fluorescein and rhodamine B. with different concentrations of the acceptor RhB dye in the range of (1.5×10-5 M to 3.5×10-5M). Studies using Both UV–vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that the two dyes, when dissolved in solution, appear largely as monomers.

The failure of the Scanning Line Corrector of ETM+2004 of Landsat7 in imposed systematic data gap lines on retrieved the correct satellite images and rejected the ability to provide continuous information in different scientific fields. While a many processing algorithms proposed to fill out this gap lines, utmost of these algorithms are just only valid through the homogeneous image regions. When there are applied to process the heterogeneous ETM+landsat7 images, returning image pixels and image features can’t become correct and precise. In this study a gap filling algorithm has been proposed that is based on the morphologic operations of image. The operations used here are combination of the processes, dilation and erosion. The algorithm employs opening, closing morphologic operations of gap image methods to identify the properties and size the separated gab lines image for ETM+landsat7 images. Each band images has been passed through milt-image processing stages. The images that output of all stages are eight corrected images. Enhanced images are very clear and the gab lines completely disappear from all image bands. The algorithm succeeded in correction and filling gab lines for homogeneous and heterogeneous image areas.