Journal of the College of Education for Women

The Qur’anic pause is an intermingled signs in the phonetic syllables
which is similar to assonance in prose.
Yet the Qur’anic miraculous specialists who work to formulate a special
(pause term) for Holy Qur’an, since certain pauses cope the assonance so the
rhetorician make them assonance.
The pauses varies forms are considered an integrated part of Qur’anic
rhythm. The rhythm is considered as one of essential characteristic of the
artistic prose.
Such rhythm is different from the poetic rhythm where by the rhythm is
occurs in sequential stanzas and steady rhythm to compose the poetic rhyme.
The recurrent letter in the poem rhyme is similar to the rhyme occurred
sequentially at the end of the end of Qur’anic verse. But in the assonance and
pause, the recurrent letter might and night not be repeated. There is a special
term for each of them, and “rhyme” term here is equivalent in function with
pause by which we mean the rhyme in the traditional Arabic poetry.

The paper deals with teacher position and his effect in establishing the
Islamic civilization features in Andalusia country for several centuries from a
great scientist view “Lisan Al-deen Al-Kateeb”, in one of his sixty books,
“Acquaintance in Granada News”. This book translates to 493 Andalusia
personalities. Though, it is the most important translation and history
references, it is also a record immortalizes the great works of teachers and
mashaiq, the paper was able to clear several matters after heavy reading and
extrapolating related to education and learning path in the country, which are:
1. Andalusia people were taken science from its centers especially from “Al
masajid”. There were no schools like we have now, so the masjid was the
place where science Students from different nationalities went to learn. As
well as libraries, rich homes, But the best place to get different sciences was
Garanada Masjid in Bany Al-hmar era especially the greatest Mosque, till Al
nasria school had been built (750 Hegira).
There, a library place were specialized that included different books, and
Knowledges. We do not forget that Kurtuba in the first Arabic era was the
richest Area in books, there citizens were the most interested in books
commodes.
Their learning methods were discussed by Ibn Al-Kaldoon in his introduction,
he Explained that forcing learners is not required especially for little students,
he Discouraged from despotism in learning, he called for protecting oneself
From correcting insulting, he carried forward a way that is best be followed by
Teacher during teaching, he discussed that to his son “Al-ameen’s” teacher
(Kalaf Al-Ahmar), he said:
\"O, Ahmar, no hour would pass and you don’t learn him “Al-Ameen” a benefit
Without making him sad and without inhibit (killing) his brain, though, do not
forgive Him, then he would like vanity and get familiar with, straighten him by
closeness and Softness, but if he refuses, you should be tough and stress”.
We note that they didn’t take any wages, expect the known. Ibn Al-Kateeb
declare in Translation to Ibn Al-Fukar (died in 754 Hegira): he (graduated,
trained, read, and Issued license without taking any fees, especially for
underneath the beginners, expect The known wages). The nature of this
country’s teachers was science love (they read To known not to take wages)
because the science student (require the science by self Motivation leads him
to leave work and spend from his pocket in order to learn).
2. The teacher personality epithet at that time, many matters like (prostrating)
on Science and teaching. Ibn Al-Kateebs tells us in describing the personality
of Mohammed Ibn Ali Al-bulnusy (prostrate on science, very interested in
learning). With prostration came obtaining and humbleness. The teacher
keeps going with this approach, and he keeps reviewing till the end of his Life.
Like Ibn Munkul who continued study till his last days with reverence and
Keeping teaching. He also liked science requesting in different countries as
(Ibn Hoot Allah) the judgment and the teacher between plincia, Mercya,
Merya, Gurtuba, Ishbelya, Malka, and other Andalusia countries. The
educationist had the ability to Keeping in heart,
Ibn Al-Kulany (who
died in 754 Hegira), who was the group teacher As described by Ibn Al
Kateeb, he was (stick to teaching, filled with keeping in heart,Bursting with
Arabic like sea.
This is confirming what we know about Andalusia educationist and scientist,
he used To travel to the east leaving his books in his home, when he been
asked about Literature in his country, he would answer by examples, records,
and text that he had Kept in heart depending on memory. Sometimes he
authorized according to their Requirement translate to the town seniors and
literati, and scientists. As been done by
Al-Mukree in his book (spreading goodness), and Ibn Bassam in
(the ammunition).
so, Ibn Abdoon had kept in his heart Al-Mutanaby Dewan, and the songs
book, as we Have been told and they are proud of this ability and we may
recall what Ibn Al-Hzim Al-Andulsy said when Al-Mu’tathed burned his books,
If you burn the book, do not burn the book content while it is in my heart. And
Because of their intensive interest and wish in science, they were collecting
books and Competing in getting them, they exaggerate in prices, they were
traveling for obtaining books to sell and copy, Abo Al-Hassan Al-Gafky was
one of them (who died in 651 Hegira) who travelled from his country to collect
books (then he selected abundance of them and put them in his school).
Variety In sciences was one of the scientific features then. For example, Ibn
Al-Jayab Was (the sheik of Al-Andalusia students by telling, achieving, and
sharing in a lot of Sciences based on Arabic language, the language was the
agent in homework, and Calculations, known all readings and speaking, filled
with literature and history, Takes part in quietism).
The condition of professorship of the scientist with variety of knowledge to be
Authentic in his research, and that is exactly what comes in the scientist
description Ibn Mandoor Al-Qeisy (who died in 735 Hegira) that he was (an
interested teacher, Hard working, intelligent, can deal with all problems kinds).
To all that we add what comes from intellective fight and defend the opinions
from Scientific superintended that shows the power of show of teachers and
specialists in Their discussions and arguments which some part win over that
the second and group Over one by approving or disputing, the result was a
group of books, letters, and References.
3. The position of educationist was too important and great: Ibn Al-Kateebs
telling us About the Andalusia people that (that care about distinguish.. and
the scientist is of a Great importance as all public and private treat them,
referred to and been reviewed, The governors knows their position in society,
then been greaten and consider them as Educationist to their sons, one of
them was (Ibn Hoot Allah Al-Ansary who died in 666 Hegira), he was a
teacher and judge (he was Al-Nasir’s and his brothers’ teacher, He was
famous for his science, religion and favor).
The teacher had then a great position in peoples’ hearts; Ibn Abd Al-Ber Al
Kurtuby Says describing;
How many times I entered a place and the kings had stand up to me.
For that all, the prudence in science had come not the prudence in origion and
a Grandfather, the same poet says in the seam meaning:
If you proud of science and forget the great fathers.

Since ancient times concept of place had great importance in the
researches of philosophy each one according to it's basis, to (Euclides) it has
three-dimensions length, width depth.
In modem philosophy, we find it in (Decarte) running in three
dimensions, (Spinoza) and (Malbranc) asserted that it's a non infinite system,
and we found it in (Lientin's) concept as a system of things, rhombus, a
troubled idea, and just something visible.
(John Locke) believed that the idea of place is not a limited one, while the place to (Barklay) is a principle that is formed of different ideas about the
place-and it's to (flume) formed ofMoments and related points. It was
considered by (Newton) as, a container of things, added to it the finite,
timeless, eternity and the un extinction-in the concept of (Kant) The place, had
not come from feelings and experience, but it's the origin of experience,
because the idea of place helps us in the foundation of experience, it is not
infinite, not a visionary thing, not disturbed, and its not something mentally.
Place in the nineteenth century could be imagined by many dimensions
of the place, and the place to (Euclides) is only one of them.
From this point, the Place defined as (a term created by human to
define his place in the space and in order to understand it mentally), therefore
the concept of place was the chief concern of philosophers from Plato till this
day.
The research includes four chapters, the first one the methological
framework which contains, the importance of the research problem research,
the goal of research, the limits of the research terms, then the identification of
the terms.
The second chapter included a conceptual framework in two topics:
The first one is the philosophical place, the second is the connection between
the movement and place aesthetically, then the previous studies and the
indicators that the framework theory has been derived from.
Chapter three consist of the research community, research sample,
research curriculum, research analysis and analysis of sample. Chapter four
was about the results and the list of sources.

The international information net(internet) considers as the most
important phenomenon in the recent age, but it\'s a weapon with two bounded
used in good or in another purpose. Like many other means such as video
which can be used in good as well as in evil. That depends on the intention of
the user. Good if it is good and evil if it is evil, internet service has many utility
and plentiful gifts and it\'s also a source for good, education, knowledge, gift,
communications and development for nation if we use it in a good way at the
end time is could be a source for great evil for those how misused it if we
realize this fact we should decide which of those two user will chose.
This study aim is to indentify the Factors that attracts Iraqi citizen to
use internet and suggested conception inorder to activate internet using. In
addition to using internet in both ways negative or positive according to the
owners internet café point of view through guestionnaire that includes sample
from Baghdad governorate. The results show that Iraqi citizer has agreat
acceptance in internet profit and its social and cultural impact as it shows from
the opinion of internet café owners in many technical cases for internet work
quality in Baghdad Governorate

The study of Political developments in Mauritania from 1934 until 1967 has
some indications which indicate the political features of that phase , and the following
are some of these indication:
1. The desert that has been occupied by Mauritania has never known a united
political regime in the early phase of the French colonization , which is a negative
feature , but in turn it was a positive feature to France who found it a good element
that serves it interests to devote its control over the tribal people through a series of
treaties and conventions they imposed on the Mauritanians at that time.
2. 1934 was the beginning for the French colonization to all over Mauritania,
after thirty years of many attempts to control the region, and these attempts were
mostly failed because of the existence of the national resistance which stood against
them.
3. After the Second World War, the Constitution of the fourth French Republic
announced in October 1946 marked the birth of the French Union, in which
Mauritania has become a province related to other overseas French provinces and
by this announcement Mauritania was given some privileges (legislative and
executive) which was previously denied.
4. In that period, some of political parties emerged in the country. These parties
were characterized by the fragility of their organizational structure and humility of its
political disposal. This is because of its tribal tendency which viewed partiality as a
kind of egression of tribalism and a cause of dissension and strife, and all these facts
serve and the colonizer.
5. In 1957 Mauritanian to find its clear way towards independence and the
formation of an independent Mauritania entry , and that related to the efforts of
ALMUKTAR WILD DADDAH - the first Mauritanian president – who united all political
parties in 1958, in the local ALAK conference, under one party which is the
Mauritanian party , after finding that political Pluralism does not serve the country
under such circumstances as the country remained dependent on the French aid
which created a gap between Mauritania and other Arab countries for a period of
time.

6. In 1960 Mauritania achieved its independence to start a battle to gain the
recognition by Arab countries and internationally , especially Morocco has claimed it
to be a province related to it, and in Peoples party was formed to be the ruling party
till 1978.
7. In 1963 Mauritania won Arab countries recognition to it in the founding
conference of the organization of African Unity summit in Addis Ababa as Mauritania
participated in it, and in 1964 it won recognition by the Arabian Republic of Egypt.
8. This Arabian recognition to Mauritania as an independent country has been
strengthened after the Six-Day War in June 1967 , because of its positive support to
the struggle of the Arab Nation against the Zionist entity , and thus it achieved the
formal recognition through the recognition of the League of Arab States to begin a
new phase with Arab relation.
9. Lastly , it must be said that Mauritanian independence was not easy to
achieve, as it is for any country which excluded the colonizer to gain its international
sovereignty , It need great efforts to gain international recognition and the ability to overcome internal crises, and a series of economic reform, and the coalition with
Arab neighbors. All these events happened in a country called “Mauritania”.

The Diwan had been found in the time of the prophet; although it was
not arranged as it was later on, because the first Muslims had their relations
with the Byzantine and Persia in the time of the prophet and they had their
trade relations with them before Islam. And the idea of Diwan in Mecca and
medina had been inherited from the old Arabs who developed states in
aljazera before Islam.
The prophet had given the Ataa and the Rizq to the Muslims in equal so
did Abu baker they did that because the real believer do not ask the reward in
the life for their jihad the reward will be on Allah in the abade in the hereafter.
In life the people are equaled in the ataa.
Omar follow the policy of the prophet in equalizing between the Muslims in
the Ataa then he was under the pressure of the first Muslims so he used the
comparison system between the Muslims in order to coalition them. That
made great economic differences, and made economic and social troubles.
So the economy was unbalanced. Omar felt the danger of that and hoped to
live to the next year in order to change the balance, but he died before that.
Othman used the same system that founded by Omar, so the economic
differences became serious and the economic worry became more than it
was. The rancor and envoy become larger among those who got high Ataa
and those who got low Ataa. This made a great temptation that was the
reason for killing Othman.
Ali returned to the equality policy between the Muslims in the Ataa so
many of the first Muslims refused that, those were the same who revenge
Omar economic policy in his last days when he decided to return back to the
policy of the prophet and Abu baker in distributing the Ataa. When Ali insisted
on equality they used arms against him.
The Ataa of the majority of the Muslims (al-Rawadif) was not enough for
them to buy their things. So the government gave them additional things to the
sum of money. It was (al- Rizq) which was spread to the mujahidin of the
Muslims.
Those who distributed the Ataa and the Rizq were called al- Urafa they
were from the best biography people.
In spite of the high prices because of the money liquidity for those who
received al Ataa, the Arab state did not price things even when the medina
faced the hunger in 18 A.H. / 638 A.D. .but the government made many
orders which had its influences by writing to the governors to serve the
medina or encourage the merchants to come to medina with goods and if they
did that they will be the guests and protected.
The government succeeded by Al- Ataa and Al- Rizq, to secure the future
of the fighter and his family, therefore he went to the holly war (jihad) by his desire. He was quiet on the future of his family, believing of Islam; therefore
he achieved the miracles in the wars against the biggest empires in the world.
Finally the Arab proved that they were able to take the responsibility of
spreading Islam and the integrity of heaven on the land. The Arab were better
than others in crushing the worthless.

Meeting the demands of the Algerian health sector requires special
efforts in achieving a correct back point quickly . This can be done by using
ready – made buildings along with other solutions . It also required to put a
policy in appointing and distributing doctors . This was the only solution to
deal with the situation of the health service and to handle the contrast that is
found between the countryside and the city which still exists until now .

This study aims to make roots to the theoretical thoughts presented by
Aljaahedh about the reiteration in the Holly Quraan and using them as
evidences for the achievements by presenting a contemporary term for the
concept (Discourse Transformations) and discover an applied procedure
depends on the analysis of the transformations of the language of the recite in
the Holly Quraan with reference to the elements of: context, intention, and the
text structure.
The transformation includes the types of the structure in which the
(Judgment day) and (The Stories) is reiterated that has the ability to transform
the basic context – Totally or partially – into new structures that permit the
expansion of the meaning and multiples of functions within the activity of
getting back, substitution and briefing reciting and with this results can be
achieved.