JOURNAL OF MADENAT ALELEM COLLEGE

Six isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis named BTA1, BTA2, BTA3, BTA4, BTA5 and BTA6 were adopted from ten isolates obtained from 15 different agriculture habitat samples, using special spore-enhancement method. It was found that these isolates produce very large-sized crystalline protein, which showing differences in shape under phase-contrast microscopy. Total genomic DNA of such isolates showed presence of mega plasmids, ringing from 70 to 125 MD, on fractionation by conventional agarose electrophoreses. The insecticidal activity (Bioassay) of these isolates against Ephestia larvae showed the isolates BTA1, BTA4, BTA5 and BTA6 have no pathogenic effects, and no hemothytic activity against human and sheep erythrocyte.

This research was done to isolate the fungi associated to corn seeds collected from different areas of Babylon Province and to detect the aflatoxins produced by fungi in media and in corn seeds. Results showed that seven species of seed borne fungi belong to six genera : Alternaria, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Penicillium, Rhizoctonia and Rhizopus. The genus Aspergillus was the most frequent, productivity of A.flavus and A.niger to the aflatoxins in liquid media and in corn seeds were examined. It was found that ability of the two species to produce the aflatoxins B1 and B2 at concentration ranged from 6.31 to 12.56 for B1 and from 0.33 to 1.73 nanogram / ml for B2 . This result was proofed by the presence of the two aflatoxins in the corn seeds infected by A.flavus and A.niger at concentrations ranged from 2.94 to 6.46 for B1 and from 0.32 to 0.77 nanograms / ml.

This research was conducted to survey the fungi located in the revere of Al – Hila city from November 2008 till April 2009. Four locations ( Jumaijuma, City center, Marana and Taliaa ) were selected represent the city center and different places from the Hila city. Results showed that there were 4 genera ( aquatic fungi ) belong to Oomyctes isolated from water of Hila revere and identified as : Achlya , Aphanomyces , Dictyuchus and Saprolegnia , in addition to 3 other genera belong to other groups isolated and identified as : Fusarium , Pythium and Rhizoctonia . City center regions ( 2 & 3 ) were recorded the highest level of fungi because of the high concentrations of nutrients and minerals came from the city to these regions. Some physical and chemical parameters of water were determined.

In this paper, Adomian Decomposition method has been used to find the approximation solution for the linear Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. In this method the solution of a functional equation is considered as the sum of an infinite series usually converging to the solution, and the Adomian decomposition method is also used to solve linear integral equation. Finally, numerical example are prepared to illustrate these considerations.

To verify effects of Aflatoxins on Broiler rations, two experiments were established . In 1st one ,ten local forage storages in Baghdad were qualitatively evaluated .In the 2nd one ,uncontaminated & contaminated Corn seed meals were qualitatively also evaluated .
The results confirmed that 50% of local forage storages were contaminated by Aflatoxins.The results of nutritional values of broiler were also affected .
The crude protein and Oil content were significantly reduced from 20.3 to 17.0 & from 2.7 to 1.8 % Meanwhile , crude fiber generally increased from 2.1 to 3.0% , we conclude that Aflatoxins are more veridical affected upon nutritional values of broiler rations & human health.

Defferent nitrogen Sources (Urea,monoammonium phosphate (MAP),Compound Nitrogen Phosphate Fertilizer (NP) ,Ammonium Sulphate (NH4)2SO4 and phosphate urea)were used as supplements for growing yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae )on fermentation medium containing 10%crushed,processed corn cob and molasse as carbon source.Results revealed supplementation the medium with5% urea and 4% molasse gave the highest growth yield of yeast and increased the crude protein from2.4%(in the untreated corncob) to 22% after fermentation. The second nitrogen source effect was MAP+ammonium sulfate yealding 17%crude protein, while MAP+Urea yield 13.125%. The experiments were conducted in shaker incubator at 30cº,pH5,150rpm for 72hrs.

This study was conducted to evaluate wells water suitability of three oasis within Western region of Iraq. They were 98 kilometers(O98) ,Fehadi (OF), and Al-kesheieti (OK) for human and animal uses .Three water samples were collected from every well monthly for one year period for chemical and bacterial analysis and to evaluate water quality for human consumption based on criterion established by American irrigation society . Also ,evaluation was made for their suitability for livestock and domestic animal uses based on proposal guide from FAO. Results for salinity, pH, total hardness , Mg++, K+ anions concentration and micro elements were showed that they are among permitted levels for human uses, but Ca++ concentration was above the permitted level for drink. Which was meaning its necessarily to limited chemical treatment before using these water for drink .
While for animal uses all studied parameters results were showed its very accepted for livestock and domestic. The bacteriological study for these waters was indicated that it was very cleans waters and health because we can not diagnosis the coliform in these oasis water.

The (n,p) reaction cross-section was measured for the reactions 27Al (n,p)27Mg, 24Mg(n,p)24Na, 58Ni(n,p)58Co, 56Fe(n,p)56Mn, 52Cr(n,p)V52and 28Si(n,p)28Al using the 241AmBe neutron generator as a neutron source. Also the average neutron cross-section has been determined for the above reactions.
High purity powder materials and foils were used in this study as pelts of 1.6 mm diameters. The neutron activation technique has been used for irradiation and measurement.
Well type 3״3×״ Sodium Iodide Scintillation Detector has been used for Gamma radiation detection with MCA.
The average (n,p) reaction cross-section has been determined relative to the reaction 27Al(n,p)27Mg for short half life products. While the cross-section of the 27Al (n,α)24Na reaction was used as a relative standard for medium and long half-life products.
The Gamma absorption has been taken into account using DSAC computer program.

Radioactivity was measured for about 405 samples of various imported foodstuffs and local communities through May 2007, 2008 and received by the health control at the Ministry of Health within the private sector imports, As well as through the Ministry of Agriculture through the purchase of food from local markets within the decision of the Advisory Body on Food campaign to control food, in addition to the ration card items.
The samples included models (milk and milk products, red meat and Alda, beans, flour, cereals, oils, soft drinks, juices, tea, sugar and other materials.
A"3 * 3" sodium iodide Scintillation detector with multichannel analyzer (MCA) was used to measure the activity of samples. The energy calibration was performed using a set of standard gamma – ray calibration sources Eu-152 .
The results show the presence of radioactivity due to K-40 isotope in all samples of food.
In addition it was noted also the presence of low due to Ra-226 isotope, in raw milk samples, and no fumbles device-to-peer Cesium -137
Was calculated radiation doses resulting from eating food imported and domestic as they hit the annual radiation dose of the Iraqi people (0.3) mSv / year is still within the allowable annual limit of exposure of members of the public recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency, which amounts to (1 mSv / year ).

Let G be a group and A be a ring . let U be the units group in the group ring A[G].
Many recent studies in algebra deal with the structure of the group U knowing the structure of the group G and vice versa. In this paper we tried to prove the following problems .
1. What are the necessary and sufficient conditions on G so that U is locally finite?
2. What are the necessary and sufficient conditions on G so that U is finitely generated ?