Al-Fatih journal

Abstract
Chapter One (Introduction):
In the introduction the two researchers dealt with the nature of javelin throw and the special physical power required in it. The most important abilities required in this activity is the speed characterized power. The ballistic training is one of the modern styles in training that are used recently in developing the speed characterized power. Thus, the significance of the study lies in setting a group of ballistic exercises to develop speed characterized power for arms and legs and its impact on javelin achievement among young females. It is through the researchers\\\\\\' attention to the achievements of young female players in this activity, they concluded that using this type of ballistic exercises will contribute in the development of speed characterized force and, in turn, improving achievement.
Aims of the Study:
- Setting ballistic exercises to develop speed characterized force of arms and legs and javelin achievement of young females.
- Identifying the effect of ballistic exercises to develop speed characterized force of arms and legs and javelin achievement of young females.
Hypothesis:
- Ballistic exercises have positive effect on developing speed characterized force of arms and legs and javelin achievement of young females.
Scope of the Study:
- Human Scope: a sample of Diyala General Directorate of Education Team female players.
- Periodic Scope: the period of time from jan.1.2015 to April.15.2015.
- Spatial Scope: Diyala Stadium.
Chapter Two (Theoretical Studies):
The concepts and principles of (Ballistic Training), its significance, stages, its work and influence in addition to the concept of speed characterized force, javelin, technical phases of the game and previous literature.
Chapter Three (Methodology and Procedures):
The researchers delineated the experimental method in dealing with the sample of the study which is consisting of (5) female players who were deliberately selected. The researchers, then, started the pre-test for the study group followed by applying the approach that is comprising ballistic exercises on the experimental group of study for the period of (8) weeks, (3) training units per week. After being done with the training method, a post-test was made to identify differences.
Chapter Four (Results Analysis & Discussion):
In this chapter, results of the study are shown, analyzed and discussed in the light of the differences found between the pre and post tests. Results of the speed characterized force of arms and legs as well as players\\\\\\' achievements in javelin are shown. Afterwards, they were scientifically discussed depending on academic sources and references.
Chapter Five (Conclusions & Recommendations):
In the light of the study results, the researchers figured out the following conclusions:
1. Ballistic training functioned to develop speed characterized force of arms and legs.
2. Ballistic training helped in improving javelin achievements among young female players.
Recommendations:
1. The necessity to use ballistic exercises to develop speed characterized power of arms and legs.
2. Adopting these exercises in activities that require body fly like (long jump, triple jump or high jump).
3. Making use of this study by the Iraqi Athletics Federation.

Abstract
The paper aims at measuring self –consistency for preparatory stage students . To achieve this aim , the researcher adopted the self – consistency measurement used in AbdulHameed 2010) Which was checked by group of experts in the fields of education and psychology .The Psychometric features of the measurement such as reliability and stability were pointed out and the measurement was applied to a sample of about 400 preparatory stage students. The data were treated statistically by using the following statistic tools: weighted average , standard deviation , weight percent , T.test for two independent samples , Wilcoxon Test , Mann Whitney Test , Pearson's correlation coefficient , Cronbach's equation. . In the light of those results , the researcher comes to number of recommendation and suggestions.

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of peer teaching and group learning teaching (oriented survey) strategies on the attainment of the fourth literary grade students in the subject of Arabic literature. It can be achieved through investigating the following hypotheses:
1. There are no statistically significant differences between the average attainment of the fourth literary grade students of the first experimental group who studied the subject of Arabic literature by peer teaching strategy and the students of the control group who studied using the conventional method on the function level 0.05
2. There are no statistically significant differences between the average attainment of the fourth literary grade students of the second experimental group who studied the subject of Arabic literature by oriented survey strategy and the students of the control group who studied using the conventional method on the function level 0.05
3.There are no statistically significant differences between the average attainment of the fourth literary grade students of the first experimental group who studied the subject of Arabic literature by peer teaching strategy and the second experimental group who studied the subject of Arabic literature by oriented survey strategy on the function level 0.05.
To achieve the aims of the study, the researchers adopted the procedures of the experimental method. The chose a partial control model with three groups: the first experimental group studies the subject of Arabic literature by peer teaching strategy, second experimental group studies the subject of Arabic literature by oriented survey strategy and the control group who study the same subject using the conventional method. The researchers intentionally chose Abu Al Dheifan, and Baladrouz preparatory schools for boys in Baladrouz District to conduct the experiment. The sample of the study consisted of 91 students, 32 students in the first experimental group and 29 students in the control group. The researchers equalized the students of the three groups in the variables: the score in Arabic language of the previous year, age by months, academic attainment of the parents, and the score in intelligence test. There was no statistically significant differences among the study groups in the previous variables. The researchers used one-way analysis of variance and chi square in extracting the variance in those variables.
The researcher taught the three study groups himself depending on the content of the curriculum which included eight topics from the textbook of Arabic literature of the fourth literary grade for the academic year 2015-2016. He draw the behavioral objectives, then, prepared an attainment posttest consisted of 30 multiple choice items. He also checked the validity and the reliability of the test. It reliability was calculated using half-splitting method which reached 0.89 as well as calculating the difficulty parameter, discrimination parameter, and the efficiency of distractors.
In the end of the experiment that lasted for 10 weeks, the researcher conducted the attainment posttest. The study concluded that is a statistically significant variation between the averages of the scores of the three groups in the attainment posttest in favor of the first experimental group on the function level 0.05.
In the light of the results, certain conclusions, recommendations and suggestions were proposed.

Abstract
This study discussed the reversed transfer of learning in performing deer jump in rhythmic gymnastics. Several exercises are used and applied in the main part of the educational unit on a sample of female students from the third grade in the Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, College of Basic Education, University of Diyala. The study aims at investigating the variation in the results of posttest of the performance of deer and fish jump in accordance with reversed transfer of learning. The study found that educational exercises have a positive effect on learning the skill of deer and fish jump. It is recommended that using reversed style (hard to easy) in learning has similar skills to utilize the transfer of learning.

Abstract :
Twentieth century is considered to be the age of digital development and the development of the communication techniques in all its forms including television. The advantage of using T.V in learning children and adults has been taken Previously and lately. Despite the development of producing educational T.V programs in most countries, but the interest in such programs did not take its chance. The educational lessons and programs were not fully supported in order to be the effective popular programs in resolving the problems of education, especially the problem of ignorance. The reason is to improve the level of education, health and economic for the uneducated young people in order to make them effective social members, therefore this study aims at:
- Identifying the role of television in solving the problem of ignorance.
- Identifying the ability of the directing the T.V programs for the problem of ignorance in provoking the ignorant to learn reading and writing.
Two samples of T.V programs for solving the problem of ignorance, namely; the Moroccan production T.V program "Iqraa wa Ta'alam" and the Iraqi production T.V program "Haya Lil Ma'rifa", were analyzed.
The researchers concluded the following points:
1- The educational T.V program lessons against ignorance helps in spreading the cultural and national and social awareness that corresponds with the aims of the country that produces such programs.
2-The variant educational lesson, that includes various items, provoke the young people to learn more than in the traditional lesson.
3- The shortage of the concrete and spiritual support for producing the educational T.V programs.
4- The shortage of the media and advertisement coverage of the this type of program.
5-Th style of directing the educational T.V program lessons must differ from that of the traditional lesson in the school because dealing with topics on T.V differs from reality.

Abstract
This research aims at identifying the effect of a guiding the program on increasing the educational achievement desire of the intermediate school students on the following hypotheses:
1- There are no statistical differences, on the measurement scale at 0.05 level , among the range of the control group grades in the pre and post tests of the educational achievement desire.
2- There are no statistical differences, on the measurement scale at 0.05 level, among the range of the experimental group grades in the pre and post tests of the educational achievement desire.
3- There are no statistical differences, on the measurement scale at 0.05 level, among the range of the experimental and control groups grades in the post test of the educational achievement desire.
The sample taken for the research is represented by the intermediate school students in the center of Province of Diyala in 2015-2016.
In order to achieve the goals and hypotheses of the study, the researcher constructed a scale for the educational achievement desire. Besides, he constructed a guiding program on stop thinking technique after figuring out the probable average and the percentage measure of the scale items.
The researcher made sure of the scale items efficiency by checking the apparent correctness of the scale, its construction and firmness.
The guiding program was applied to a sample of 20 students divided into two groups; the experimental and the control group, ten students each.
The results of the research show that there are statistical differences, at 0.05 level on the educational achievement desire scale, between the experimental and the control group. This is due to the effect of the applied guiding program on the experimental group at the time the control group did not receive that.
At the end of the study, the researcher presented recommendations and suggestions for this problem.

Abstract :
One of the objectives of this research was to know the effect of story method with using pictures to remember concepts inside the of the kindergarten children in Koya city, as well as several other secondary objectives.
The researchers used experimental method as a partial control and with a pretest and post-test. The parity between the two groups of the experimental were occurred among those variables that may affect the results of the experiment like (sex, chronological age in months, the educational level of the father and mother, test remember concepts, lessons distribution, duration of the experiment), and the extraneous variables also controlled in terms of the internal integrity of the design and external safety. The researchers used observation (check list) as a tool to measure remembering of the concepts. The Face Validity and Content Validity was found, and also reliability of measurement were found through coefficient of correlation (Pearson) in the statistical package (SPSS) It was (.807) at the level of significance (0.003) and was a strong statistical significance.
Results did not showed a statistically significant between the experimental group (which tells them stories using images) comparing to the control group (which tells them stories without using images) by remembering the concepts of the stories, also the results did not show a statistically significant between the experimental members related to the variable of sex, also the results did not show any statistically significant among members of the control group due to variable sex. Based on the results of this research, the researcher presented a number of recommendations and suggestions.

Fifties of the last century has seen the opening of a number of private schools where Baghdad and the provinces have seen the opening of a number of schools are increasingly more than three times what it was in the years that preceded it due to the increasing demand by students in various stages, as are many public roads and traffic intersections are not without Ads promoted to school eligibility, especially after the success of some private schools and access to the first rank in the final exams for grades ended (IB), and many Iraqi families are turning to this kind of schools with educational performance decline in the public schools, where many of the students public schools withdrew from the Education where to private schools for reasons relating to the qualifications of government cadres teaching, and congestion always in governmental and non-status schools, I have taken the families two tracks in selected to join the private schools either because of her sons in the finished stages and they need to get high rates or primary stages (the early years) as the scientific basis for the next academic year for students. In order to shed light on some of the reasons for the widening phenomenon of private schools in Baghdad in particular and Iraq in general and to identify the motives of some of the parents of students about the reason for registering their children eligibility school despite the high cost, and the diagnosis of the weaknesses in public schools in order to address the constraints of existing, and to make proposals for the improvement and development of the educational process and education in public schools has been applied Search Tool (statistical significance) on a sample of the collection of degrees of success for ratios (30) public schools and 30 private school were chosen at random from the Directorate General of education schools Baghdad / Rasafa for the first semester of the year (2013-2014) The results showed no difference between the percentage of the middle-level success in government and private schools by (1.00086), the largest of the tabular value of the (0.8413) at the significance level (0.05) which shows that the success rate in private schools better than the success rate in public schools.

Abstract
The psychological exhaustion is a serious problem which its impact might extend to a lack of the teacher’s efficiency and its withdrawal from her work, then she ask for early retirement, and if she continued her work , her work will be routinely with the kindergartens’ children. The organizational commitment one of the most common reasons that lead to the injury of the kindergarten teacher with the psychological exhaustion as a result of psychological stress experienced by the teacher through her work, especially when she is trying to demission's over her capability or she can’t achieve them on time and among these pressures is preparing a lesson plan, and participating in committees and training children on the system, cleanness, nutrition and others ... (Al-Mashaan 209:2000:). Incentives have an important role in the falling or prevention the teacher from falling into the psychological exhaustion, wherein Mohamed Ghoneim (1996) said it is one of the solutions in which they can overcome the effects of pressures whichthe teacher of kindergarten sencounters, the incentives raise the morale soul and productivity of her the through the presented supportby the administration and co-workers (Ghoneim, 5: 1996).
The goal of current research is knowing:
1. Psychological exhaustion among kindergarten teachers.
2. Organizational commitment of kindergarten teachers.
3.Incentivesof kindergartens teachers.
4. The relationship between psychological exhaustion an organizational commitment of the kindergartens teachers.
5.The relationship between psychological exhaustion and incentives of kindergartens teachers.
6. The relationship between organizational commitment and incentives of kindergartens teachers.
7. The relationship between psychological exhaustion and organizational commitment and incentives of kindergartens teachers. The current research sample reached (400) teachers of kindergartens teachers which one of the six Education Directorates in the city of Baghdad, where the sample was selected randomly from 171 kindergartens and with ratio (5%) from theoriginal sample from the analysis of kindergartens teachers responses and the knowledge of the literature and previous studies, and then reaching to prepare items of psychological exhaustion measure which is consisting of (34) items and preparing items of organizational commitment measure of the kindergartens teachers consisting of (53) items and preparing a neighborhood measure of the kindergarten teachers consisting of (36) items.
The results showed that there was psychological exhaustion the kindergartens teachers suffering from, and the existence of the kindergartens teachers ,as the results showed the kindergartens teachers owning material and moral incentives and existence of a weak positive relationship between psychological exhaustion and incentives. This means that the relationship is weak, may be for some teachers a relationship between the effort that they make with the incentives and some teachers don’t find a relationship between effort and incentives. The results also showed a weak positive relationship between organizational commitment and incentives, this means that the relationship is weak,may be for some teachers a relationship between organizational commitment and incentives and some teachers there is no relationship between their commitment and incentives.The result of the latter goal showed the presence of contribution between organizational commitment in psychological exhaustion variable but there is no relationship between the incentives in psychological exhaustion variable. In light of these findings the researchers put some appropriate recommendations and proposals

Abstract :
This research deals with three relatively recent variables in psychological literature. They include variable of life skills which can be defined as abilities to carry out a consensual and positive behavior that enables an individual to effectively dealing with the requirements and challenges of the daily life. The second variable is brain dominance which means the tendency of an individual to rely more on one of the brain part than the other parts. While the third variable is the suggestibility that means the tendency of an individual to accept the ideas, opinions and beliefs from the others without discussion or inspection in order to reduce the intensity of the cognitive dissonance.
The aim of this research is to identify the life skills, the brain dominance and suggestibility in University students and the relationships among them.
To achieve the aims of the study, the researchers have designed a scale of the life skills by depending on the classification of (World Health Organization). , The researchers have verified of the psychometric properties of the scale. Eventually, the scale consists of (68) items, which are valid for measuring the life skills.
The researchers have also adopted the scale of brain dominance of (Lenid Herman) in its original English edition which involves (120) questions. They have achieved the validity of the translation, as they have built a scale of the suggestibility by depending on the theory of cognitive dissonance of (Festinger) and verified the psychometric properties of the scale. However, the scale ultimately consists of (24) items, which are valid for measuring the suggestibility. Then, the three above scales are all applied altogether on the basic sample of the research which includes (748) male and female students from Diyala University for the academic year of (2012-2013). The research sample has been randomly selected.
Finally, after processing the data statistically by using the method of (Calculating the Mean, Standard Deviation, T-Test for one sample, Dual Variance Analysis, Person Correlation Coefficient, and ‎Multiple Regressive Analysis) and we have reached to the following outcomes:
-Students have fairly good level of the life skills.
-University students have the dominance of the left side of the brain (The left hemisphere) wherever section (A) has occupied the first rank in the in terms of the brain dominance and then followed successively by (B,C, D) sections.
- Suggestibility is quite low among university students.
-There is a positive correlation between the life skills and the divisions of the brain dominance.
-There is a negative correlation between the life skills and suggestibility.
-The correlation among the divisions of the brain dominance (A,B,D) and suggestibility are not statistically significant , whereas the correlation between the division (c) and suggestibility is a positive correlation.

Abstract:
The study topic falls within the psychological and educational studies, In order to achieve the aims of the study the two researchers developed the counseling needs scale based on the educational literature and previous studies on the topic and the scale include threedomains (Pedagogical, formative, and administrative, social and psychological)than the study aimed to detect:
The degree of counseling needs among the primary school teachers in the Algerian school.
We used in this study the descriptive and analytical method and the sample included 265 teacher chosen randomly from some primary schools in M’sila.
The treatment of data statistically was done using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program and We reached the following results:
the primary school teachers have high counseling needs in the three domains of the study.
Inlight of the results we presented series of proposals the most important is to adopt a counseling programs related to the psychological, formative and professional side for teachers To retrieve their status and raise the quality of output.

Abstract:
Studying orientations is of utter importance in the life of the individual as well as society, especially the young generation at universities who are considered to be the backbone of societies and the reason for its prosperity and its future development. The Kurdish society needs to implement equality between men and women, forgiveness in all its social, cultural, and political aspects. The belief in women’s right that is equal to men means clearly loyalty to the common shared features among different social components, and that everybody has the right to enjoy his/her intellectual privacies as well as his ambitions to reach leading positions. Orientations give us a lucid indication to individual’s behaviour. Thus, there are so many observed behavioural patterns are nothing but plain reflections of individual’s behaviour concerned with different subjects and situations. The current study aims at:
1. Identifying the orientations’ the students’s of University of Sulaymaniyah towards women occupying leading positions.
2. Identifying the orientations’ the students’s of University of Sulaymaniyah towards women occupying leading positions based on the variable of their based on the variable of gender (male, female).
3. Identifying the orientations’ the students’s of University of Sulaymaniyah towards women occupying leading positions based on the variable of their studying major (scientific, humanities).
In order to achieve the current study the researcher relied on building an orientation scale to measure the orientation of the students in the University of Sulaymaniyah towards women working in leading positions in Kurdistan. After having the qualities of creditability, consistency, and the ability to distinguish this measuring scale in its final form consisted of 25 items. In order to achieve the goals of this research the researcher took a pilot sample of (300) both male and female students of the University of Sulaymaniyah varying in their genders and their majors, the outcome results were analysed according to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and the findings are as the following:
1. The orientations of the students in the University of Sulaymaniyah towards women working in leading positions in Kurdistan were positive.
2. There are no differences of statistical nature between males and females in the pilot group sample in their orientation towards women working in leading positions in Kurdistan.
3. There are no differences of statistical nature between scientific-major students and humanities-major students towards their orientation towards women working in leading positions in Kurdistan.
After discussing the outcomes of the current study the researcher proposed some recommendation to the entities involved in the matter.

Abstract :
The study aims at identifying the effect of using orgainzation from Alchort preyam for teaching thimtew II in the achienement of fifth grade primany pupils . To achieve this aim , the researcher built the null hypothesis ( there is on statistaclly signficant oftherese between the mean scorse of the experimauta ) group thaught according the use of orgenization of Alchort program , and the mean scores of contrecthnig group at 0.05 in Arabic grammar . The sample of the study are students from Al-Muqdadiya primary school divided on follouing the sections , section A is the experimoter group taugh according to Al chort program who were 30 pupils , white section C represents the controlling group taugh accrding to the traditional methods .
The researcher verified the experiment desing and prepared a six – subject plan to teach . In addition to cluat , he build an achievement test contains 25 items of mulitpe choice and fill-in- the blanks . the suilble statistical methods were used .
Firching uncored that pupils who were taught acconding to the Alchord program were better than those tought according to the traditinal methods in Arabic grammar .
In the light of the findiug , one can conclude :
1- Arlying Alchort program enhanced cooperation in the pupils and enthusiasm toward the material .
2- The pupils were able to understand grammar and their achievement get better .
3- The program eniched the pupils fantacy toward the material which is regarded by the educational process .
In the light of the conclusions the recommendations are :
1- Providing this program for the educations .
2- Adconting Alchort program in Arabic grammar in other grades .
3- Methods of chaig syllabi should be provided with Alchort program to be Known by graduates .

Abstract :
The paper aims at identifying The Impact of Buxton Model on Acquiring History Concepts among Fifth Year-Literary Branch Female Students. In order to verify the aim of the paper and its hypothesis, the researcher has deliberately selected Fatima High School for girls in Diyala General Directorate of Education in the academic year 2015-2016. A sample of fifth year female students-literary branch were selected and divided into two groups; experimental and controlling. The sample of the study comprised (60) female students, 30 students per group. Then, the researcher matched the two groups in the variables of (age in months, intelligence and previous experience test).
Moreover, the researcher has set the study requirements in terms of specifying the academic syllabus, forming behavioral objectives, preparing lesson plans for both groups a test for the acquisition of history concepts and exposing the test to a group of experts. In the light of their notes and reviews, certain necessary amendments were done. The researcher adopted the suitable statistic tools.
In the light of the study results, the researcher has set the following conclusions:
1. Buxton model is more effective than the traditional method in acquiring history concepts among fifth year female students-literary branch.
2. The use of Buxton model in teaching copes with the requirements of modern teaching in stimulating the motivation of female students towards learning.
3. Delineating Buxton model assisted in heightening the level of acquiring and organizing the process of teaching history concepts in a serial, linked and perfect way.
4. Buxton model makes female students an integral part in the educational process which will lead to positive interaction among female students and effective participation during the whole experimentation period.

Abstract
The study aimed to determine the level of each of the moral intelligence and the identity of the ego with the blind students at Kuwait University and the Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, also aimed to study the relationship between moral intelligence and the identity of the ego, and determine the differences in them between the sexes, and the study sample (n = 112) students from blind, and the researcher using a scale of moral intelligence and identity of the ego of preparation, it was rationing study tools, and the results of the study are summarized in the presence of the level above the high level of moral intelligence, and spirit (conscience internal and kindness, tolerance, compassion, justice and respect) and control, and arranged for the identity of the ego, where the dominant rank on students between pending or realized the identity of rank, as the study found no statistically significant between intelligence and moral identity of the ego is a positive relationship. there was no gender differences in the variables of the study.

Abstract
Universal quality administration is considered one of the basic factors which aims at bringing about and going along a shift in communication that is important in the educational process. The sample of the study comprises the instructors specialized in the physical education and sport science. The measurement form of the procedural applications has been used and conclusions were of great importance for the instructors of physical education and sport science.

Abstract
Universal quality administration is considered one of the basic factors which aims at bringing about and going along a shift in communication that is important in the educational process. The sample of the study comprises the instructors specialized in the physical education and sport science. The measurement form of the procedural applications has been used and conclusions were of great importance for the instructors of physical education and sport science.

Abstract :
The educational process witnessed great outcomes in the scientific, social and cultural aspects which led to the development of knowledge because of the scientific and technological advance in all life fields which had bearing upon the educational institution with its factors (teacher, pupil and curriculum) As a result, the outcomes of the process are still characrized by weakness and by inability to keep pace with the advance .In addition , there are evidence on the fall of scientific level and skillful performance of the learners , most of recent studies reveal that there is shortage of using modern methods of teaghing , following old-fashion ones, is shortage of using technology and giving no opportunity to the learners , during the primary school, to express their skills , to guide them properly and to develop them especially in art education subject for in has a great role in cultivating the human behavior the
Individuals abilities . hence , some of the art education subjects enable the learners to work by hand especially handwork (clay formation ). Thus investigate this problem , the two researcher carried out the experimental study entitled "the effect of using collaborative teaching method in developing clay information skills in primary school pupils " which aims at finding the effect of using collaborative teaching method in developing clay information skills in primary school pupils . To achieve this aim , the following hypothesis has been put : ( there are to statistical significant differences at the level (0.05) in developing clay formation by use of collaborative teaching method between the per-and post-testes results. The population of the study is constituted from the fifth –primary school pupils in ( Durrat AL-Islam)in Gatoon quarter – directorate of education in Diyala . the population number is 55 female pupils distributed two sections in terms of 28 pupils for section A and 27 pupils for section B . the sample of the study has been chosen randomly which was 23 pupils . the two researchers built the instrument which is a form to evaluation the pupils art product . the form includes 10 items and each item is given five grades ( poor, mid , good , very good, excellent ) which were given scores like {( 1-2)(3-4)(5-6)(7-8)(9-10)} respectively . the instrument has been subjected to validity exposing it to a number of jury in the field of art . the reliability has been attainted though the use of analysts consistency for the pre- test which the coefficient correlation was good
.
The two researcher with the expert carried out the pre- test on all the pupils ( the sample ) without any exception in Wednesday, Oct9 , 2013 . the pupils , were asked to form by using clay sculptured art works . they Were evaluated directly by the committee that includes the two researchers and the expert .The data were collected to be analyzed statistically. The experiment has been applied on the sample theoretically and scientifically , regarding the required skills, during 6 weeks. After completing the experiment , the post- test has been carried out in the same way .
The researchers used the T- test of two correlative samples to test the differences between the per- and post – tests. The findings reveal that there are statistical significant differences at the level (0.05) between pre- and post – tests which show a development in the pupils skills (the sample) in clay formation . thus ,the researchers concluded that the collaborative teaching method and its strategies help in developing the art skills in the pupils when used successfully .
Consequently, the researchers recommend using the collaborative teaching method in teaching art education subject especially in the subjects that need hand skills . they also recommend using different strategies of the collaborative teaching method in developing the art skills in sculpture , small projects and works.

Abstrac :
This research aims to find out (the effect of Strategies on making decision in the development of expressive performance skills for students of literary fourth strategy) through the validation of the following assumptions hypothesis:
1-There is no significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the pre-test and post-test scores for the students of the experimental group who have studied the written expression with strategy on making decision.
2-There is no significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the pre-test scores for the written expression and degrees of Serial tests for the experimental group that studied the written expression on making decisions.
3 - There is no significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the post test scores for students of the experimental group who have studied the written expression strategy decision-making and post-test scores for students who have studied the control ABG written expression used in the traditional manner.
The researcher implemented the experimental method applied. The sample of students were (64 students) by (32 students) in the experimental group an ( 32 students ) in the control group. The researcher made an equivalence in the changes of academic achievement of the both fathers and mothers variable. He studied five subjects in the experiment. He limited the skills expressive writing (25) skill, according to the views of the consulted referees chosen by the researcher. He adopted the correct ready answer for Alhalak (2005)which were made for the secondary fifth stage(literary). The researcher reached to the following conclusion.
, that students of experimental group to were taught by strategy of
making decision were superior to the control group which were taught by traditional ways. According to the findings in this research, the researcher recommends the usage of strategy of making decision method in teaching expression writing the fourth year students (literary)at secondary schools. The researcher suggests conducting a similar study on other educational materials such as instruction materials like literature, texts, and reading

• Abstract
This research is dealing with difficulties that face students of preparatory in hand working subject ,so we prepare form that deals with all difficulties which faces students in learning this material.
Research aim.
The research is aimed to know the difficulties that faces girls of preparatory school in hand working subject.
To achieve this aim ,the two researcher make measurement to measure hand work for preparatory stage .And we apply this measurement on asample of (100) students intentional from Jwairya bint- Al- Hareeth preparatory school for girls belong to schools of Diyala Education office .They were distributed according to class change .
After collecting in formation and processing them statistically by using arithmetical medist .
Using test equation (T.Test)and other .The two researcher gains the following results .
There is astatistic evidence inform there is difficulties faces girls of preparatory school in hand works subject .