Journal of Al-qadisiya in arts and educational sciences

The research aims to identify the extent of the impact of cyber attacks on national security and the global economy. It also aims to know the importance of analyzing patterns and trends in cyber attacks to identify common actors and practices. It also aims to highlight the most effective strategies for defending against cyber attacks, including prevention and response, trying to enhance cooperation mechanisms between countries to share information and technologies to combat these crimes. It also aims to identify and evaluate the risks associated with cyber attacks at different levels. The importance of the research lies in understanding the threats, as studying cyber attacks helps to understand the nature of the threats facing countries and business organizations, which contributes to developing effective strategies to address them, developing laws, as these studies contribute to strengthening international legal frameworks related to cyber security, which helps in criminalizing harmful cyber activities and enhancing cooperation between countries, and organizing international cooperation, as cyber attacks often cross national borders, so understanding them helps in enhancing cooperation between countries to combat these crimes. The problem of the study was formed in the main question: How do cyber attacks as an international crime affect international peace and security? The researcher relied on the use of the analytical and investigative approaches through research and studies that addressed the topic of describing cyber attacks from the perspective of international law. The study hypothesis was that cyber attacks are likely to increase significantly in the coming years, which requires a unified international response. Gaps in national and international legislation may make it difficult to hold cyber attackers accountable, which facilitates the spread of these crimes. Enhancing cooperation between countries in the field of cyber security is likely to reduce the number of cyber attacks. Modern technologies, such as artificial intelligence, may contribute to increasing the effectiveness of cyber attacks, which requires the development of new strategies to confront them. The study also concluded that cyber attacks pose direct threats to the national security of countries. These attacks can target vital infrastructure such as energy, water and transportation systems, disrupting basic services and causing chaos in society. In addition, a group of countries may use cyber attacks as a tool for espionage or influencing the internal policies of the targeted countries, which increases tension in international relations. The study also recommended that countries should work to enhance international cooperation in the field of combating cyber crimes. This requires creating a network of partnerships between countries to share information on cyber threats and attack methods.

Al-Sabban discussed in this thesis everything related to the form of Maf'al from the nouns of time and place and the source of the mim, as he mentioned in it the standard and the irregular. In verifying this manuscript, I relied on a single copy preserved in the library of the University of Riyadh under the number 174. Its pages measure 24.5 x 17 cm and the number of its pages is (6) pages on each page (21) lines and on the line between (10) words to (11) words approximately
And its copyist is Zain Al-Marsafi Al-Sayyad (d. 1300 AH). The nature of the research required that I make it into two sections
The first section: The study
1- The author
2- The thesis
3- Features of the investigation
As for the second section: Investigation and study, it includes the verified text

The Holy Qur'an is the divine word that was revealed in a clear Arabic tongue, light, guidance and clarification. One of the problems that
It is presented in the scientific arena and has historical roots and still is, it is not possible to understand the Holy Qur'an or that it is specific
with a certain category, but it is a subject that can be proven rationally and transmitted through the investigation of verses and narrations related to that, and from
The most prominent results that we have stood on are: Many Quranic verses call for reflection and meditation and disparage those who do not
Contemplates and verses that show that the Qur'an was revealed as an explanation and a statement of everything, even if the Holy Qur'an was revealed to be understood by those who were addressed to it

The novel aimed to expose the flaw in society and highlight the imbalance and defect represented by the absolute power of men over women, depicting them as negative, broken, and deprived beings. It also demonstrated the vast differences between the two cultures, the Arab culture that restricts and suppresses freedoms and the Western culture that grants freedom to its individuals.
This is evident in the novel's protagonist, Fatima/Sophie. Fatima carries within her the pain of her past and her physical and psychological fragility. She is also Sophie, who lives in the present after shedding the deception of the past. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical approach and reached several results, the most important of which is the novel's focus on various forms and colors of violence, as well as the social violence hidden within the fabric of society's culture.
The woman was physically violated by the protagonist of the story, and she had no choice but to surrender. The violence led women to a state of loss of identity and despite her attempts to assert herself in a more liberated environment, her attempts were futile, confirming a cultural pattern deeply rooted in the culture that views women merely as objects of pleasure.

This research delves into the significance of meaning and its role in achieving semantic sufficiency in communication between the speaker and the listener. It aligns with Siboye's approach to linguistic structures with incomplete predicative elements, where he relies on what can be termed an implicit agreement or understanding between the interlocutors. This is because contextualized meaning is a fundamental factor in constructing comprehensible sentences among members of the same linguistic community. It represents the mental image upon which the context, with all its nuances, is based, and whose elements are often omitted through ellipsis at the levels of the subject and predicate in Arabic sentences.

The research dealt with the Marxist influences of Ernesto Che Guevara and highlighted the stages of his intellectual formation, his Marxist ideological affiliation, and the influence of Marxist thought on Guevara's revolutionary orientation. His beginnings in revolutionary work were his participation in supporting the revolutionary government of Guatemala, which fell under an external invasion supported by the United States The Cuban revolution was an advanced stage in its revolutionary struggle. It wrote its Foucault theoryog guerrilla warfare. The success of the Cuban revolution changed Guevara's convictions and became a revolutionary movement that sought to support the revolutionary movements in the world against what he called the imperialist forces. In the Congo, Burma and finally in Bolivia where he was arrested and executed on the Bolivian army in 1967.

This study addresses the issue of the influence of Aristotelian logic on Arabic grammar from the perspective of modern scholars, who argue that this influence led to the complication of grammatical rules and a deviation from their linguistic nature. Researchers like Al-Makhzumi and Kamal Bishr criticize early grammarians for relying on logical and philosophical methodologies unsuitable for language, resulting in contradictions and inconsistencies in the rules. However, the study highlights that the impact of logic on grammar was positive in certain aspects, as exemplified in Ibn Al-Sarraj’s Al-Usul, where logic was employed to organize and simplify grammatical rules. This book serves as a model of systematically integrating logic into grammar, contributing to the continuity of grammatical theory. The study critiques the modern perspective that rejects logic without offering scientifically grounded alternatives, emphasizing that logical thinking is an integral part of the grammatical heritage that shaped and sustained its development.

The current research aims to identify the effectiveness of a proposed strategy based on ecology in developing scientific thinking among first-year students in the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences in the subject of Environmental Education for the academic year 2024/2025 at Tikrit University, College of Education for Humanities.
To achieve the research objective, the researcher formulated three null hypotheses at a significance level of (0.05), in addition to using the procedures of the experimental method and an experimental design with two experimental and control groups, where the two groups were rewarded through some variables.
The researcher prepared the research tool, the (scientific thinking) scale, consisting in its final form of (30) paragraphs after it was presented to a group of experts and arbitrators. The research sample selected intentionally consisted of (50) male and female students for the experimental group and (50) male and female students for the control group from first-year morning study students in the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences at Tikrit University, College of Education for Humanities.
The researcher used the appropriate statistical methods for her study and extracted her results with the help of the statistical package (SPSS), through which she reached a set of conclusions, recommendations and proposals.

The current research is concerned with studying the topic (Technical and digital treatments of realistic forms in contemporary art), which included four chapters, the first of which included the research problem, the importance of the research, and the research objective: (Identifying technical and digital treatments of realistic forms in contemporary art) and the limits of the research: based on studying technical and digital treatments of realistic forms in contemporary art for the year 2024 in Turkey. And defining the terms. While the second chapter (the theoretical framework) included two topics, the first (the artistic form and its realistic identity) and the second (technical and technological development in the world of art) in addition to the indicators of the theoretical framework. As for the third chapter (research procedures), it included the framework of the research community and the research sample, which numbered (4) designed and implemented artistic models, followed by the research tool and research methodology, then the analysis of the research sample model. Chapter Four included the results and conclusions, and the most important results are:
1. Realistic shapes were processed in light of the use of computer programs within the diverse artificial intelligence technology with high and imaginative ability to transform the realistic shape into a design form that can be implemented and achieve the functional and practical purpose, as these programs enabled the designer to process these realistic shapes precisely, as in all research sample models.
As for the most important conclusions, they were:
1. The development that occurred in the world of art as a result of the cognitive and perceptual communication between technology and the artist in light of innovative artificial intelligence technologies, in order to obtain creativity and beauty from the real world, as all the shapes processed technically and digitally linked art, industry, life and technology and they cannot be separated.

This study monitors in the research paper about the life of the great companion Suhaib bin Sinan Al-Rumi (may Allah be pleased with him), and his narrations in the Musnad of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal and the Musnad of Al-Darimi. The study shows the personality of this great companion, and the extent of his love for the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and his defense of him, and the love of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) for him. He was one of the first to enter Islam since the beginning of the revelation, and they were among the first seven who showed their Islam. He was not one of the most prolific narrators of hadiths, in comparison to the rest of the noble companions (may Allah be pleased with them). We can consider him one of the few who narrated the noble prophetic hadiths, and this was not due to negligence on his part, but rather he was afraid of falling into something that he did not do.
The Messenger of God (PBUH), may God be pleased with him