Minwal Journal

The research aims to identify the effect of teaching using the Panel method on the achievement of fifth grade primary school students in science. The researcher adopted the experimental method with an experimental design for two equivalent groups. The researcher randomly selected (Shaheed Nazhan Elementary School) distributed into two sections (A.B). Section (A) was randomly selected to represent the experimental group and the number of its students was (35) students. In the same way، Section (B) was selected to represent the control group and the number of its students was (36) students. The research sample in them was (71) students. The researcher statistically rewarded the students of the two research groups in the following variables: (chronological age calculated in months، previous information test، and Raven intelligence test). The researcher determined the subject matter with topics from the science book for the fifth grade primary school. Then the researcher formulated behavioral objectives، the number of which reached (110) behavioral objectives representing the first three cognitive levels of Bloom's classification in the cognitive domain. As for the research tool، it was The researcher intended to construct the achievement test، which consisted of (30) objective test paragraphs of the multiple-choice type with four alternatives according to (the specifications table)، and the validity، discrimination coefficient، difficulty، effectiveness of alternatives and stability were verified; and its stability was verified by the split-half method; and the researcher used appropriate statistical means to extract data، and the results showed the superiority of the experimental group students over the control group students in the achievement test.

The current research aims to identify the willpower of the participation managers present in the Open Education College (students in the Department of Educational Administration) to know the willpower only according to the gender variable (males - females), as well as to know the knowledge of the participation managers present in the Open Education College (students in the Department of Educational Administration) specialization according to the gender variable (males - females), as well as to know according to the classification between the willpower knowledge of the participation field managers in the educational college (students in the Department of Modern Educational Administrative Sciences (2024-2025), and the research sample reached (200) reliable students, and to achieve these goals, it was required to build two response tools for the strength of the healing will, after the number of its paragraphs ended in its final form (25) paragraphs to create the results as follows: The presence of willpower and culture among the sample members, and there is no relationship with the gender variable in the two variables and there is a statistically open relationship between willpower and with it.

The research problem was determined by answering the following question: What is the effect of using the DSLM model (Dual Situation-Based Learning) on the achievement of the Holy Quran and Islamic Education for fifth-grade middle school students?
Emanating from the research objective, the null hypothesis was formulated, which states that: There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the students of the control group who study in the usual way and the average scores of the students of the experimental group who study using the DSLM model (Dual Situation-Based Learning) in the achievement of the Holy Quran and Islamic Education for the fifth-grade middle school students.
The experimental approach was followed as it is the appropriate approach to achieve the research hypothesis and the experimental design with partial control was chosen because it is more suitable for the conditions of the experiment. After determining the research community, the fifth grade science students in Al-Reef Al-Zaher Preparatory School for Boys were intentionally selected, numbering (98) students and distributed into two sections (A) and (B), so that Section (A) represents the experimental group and Section (B) represents the control group with (50 and 48) students respectively.
After the end of the application of the experiment and collecting the data of the post-application of the achievement test, the research result indicated the superiority of the students of the experimental group over the students of the control group in the test; meaning that there is a statistically significant difference between the two experimental groups in favor of the experimental group that studied according to the DSLM model in the achievement test, thus rejecting the null hypothesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis.
The research concluded with a presentation of a number of appropriate recommendations and proposals.

he current research aims to direct those responsible for teaching geography to the importance of using the six hats strategy and its concepts, understanding the mechanism of its application, and working to activate it in application and detail. And directing the attention of those responsible for teaching geography to the importance of using new strategies in teaching geography, i.e. opening a field for applying strategies other than the strategy applied in this research. The research relied on the descriptive approach and to achieve the research objectives, the questionnaire was adopted as a tool applied to the research sample of teachers. The research reached several results, the most important of which were: There are no differences between teachers with high or low experience in applying the six hats strategy and its effect on critical thinking, i.e. applying the six hats strategy has a positive effect on raising the level of critical thinking

This study aimed to reveal the nature of the relationship between experiential avoidance and emotional dullness among sixth-grade students who lost parents, and to identify the level of the two variables, emotional dullness and experiential avoidance, among the sample members.
Methodology: A simple random sample was chosen, and the study sample consisted of (400) high school students. The study adopted the descriptive, correlational approach, and the emotional dullness scale (for Toronto) and the experimental avoidance scale developed by) Gamez et al,2014)
Results: The results indicated that there was a correlation between the two variables, experiential avoidance and emotional dullness. The results also indicated a high level of both experiential avoidance and emotional dullness among the sample members.

The research aims to identify "the effectiveness of an educational program based on Mednik's theory in the achievement of students of the Institute of Fine Arts in the subject of art analysis and criticism.
The current research community was determined by the students of the Institute of Fine Arts, Al-Rusafa I, Baghdad, numbering (176) students. After that, a random sample was selected, which represented the students of the Department of Fine Arts, numbering (40) students. They were distributed into two groups (control and experimental), with (20) students for each group. The researcher was keen to ensure that the two groups were equal in some variables, including: (chronological age, environment, intelligence, previous experience test).
After the researcher identified the topics of the educational material that he would study during the experiment period with eight topics, the researcher formulated (8) educational objectives and (40) behavioral objectives, and prepared teaching plans for them. Then he presented them to a group of arbitrators and specialists to judge their suitability. The necessary modifications were made to them and they became ready for application in light of their opinions.
A research tool was designed, which was an achievement test consisting of (40) paragraphs. The apparent validity and reliability of the test were verified.
The results showed the superiority of the experimental group that studied according to the educational program based on Mednik's theory was applied to the control group that was studied in the usual way, which led to the rejection of the null research hypotheses.

The research aims to prepare a program in geography based on information systems to develop some geographical skills and some basic science processes among female middle school students. The study sample consisted of (30) female students in the fourth literary grade, at Al-Bayan School, affiliated with the Salah al-Din Education Directorate. To achieve the aim of the research, a list of some geographical skills and a list of some basic science processes that can be developed through the program were prepared, a test for some geographical skills and a test for some basic science processes, in addition to a note card for geographical skills. The following research resulted:
1- The results of the exploratory study confirmed the low level of fourth grade female students in geographical skills and some basic science process skills.
2- The results of the experimental research confirmed the development of geographical skills among the female students in the research sample, as they proved that there is a statistically significant difference between the scores of both the pre- and post-applications to test some geographical skills for the female students of the fourth literary grade in favor of the post-application at the level of significance (0.01).
3- The results of the experimental research also confirmed the development of some basic science process skills among the female students in the research sample, as they proved that there is a statistically significant difference between the scores of both the pre- and post-test of some basic science process skills for the female students of the fourth literary grade in favor of the post-application at the level of significance ( 0.01).
4- The results of the experimental research also confirmed the development of some geographical skills among the female students in the research sample, as they proved that there is a statistically significant difference between the scores of both the pre- and post-applications of the fourth grade literary female students’ performance note card for geographical skills in favor of the post-application at the level of significance (0.01).

In light of rapid technological advancement, vocational education has faced challenges that require updating teaching methods, particularly in areas like graphic design and typography. Through exploratory surveys conducted by the researcher, it was found that there are difficulties in teaching typography and that traditional strategies are insufficient in achieving the desired level of synchronous thinking. Consequently, this research proposes a teaching strategy based on the theory of serious creativity, aimed at fostering systematic creativity and practical application, with a focus on developing synchronous thinking among students. The research utilized a descriptive approach to build the strategy, and an experimental approach to apply the study to students at the Institute of Fine Arts. A synchronous thinking scale was used, consisting of 20 items, divided into positive and negative questions, with the validity and reliability of the tool being assessed using various statistical methods. The research results indicated that the teaching strategy based on the theory of serious creativity was effective in improving synchronous thinking among the experimental group students. This was enhanced by adopting innovative teaching methods that simultaneously focus on both theory and practical application, helping students to engage with graphic design and typography more efficiently and creatively. Based on these results, the researcher recommends adopting modern teaching strategies based on serious creativity, integrating interactive activities, and providing continuous feedback to support effective learning. Additionally, the researcher emphasizes the importance of training teachers in these strategies to ensure the development of synchronous thinking.

The current research aims to identify the effectiveness of the Posner and Pressley models in acquiring educational concepts among third-year female students in the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences in the subject of Teaching Methods for the academic year 2024-2025 at Tikrit University / College of Education for Girls.
To achieve the research objective, the researcher formulated one null hypothesis to verify its validity at a significance level of (0.05) and relied on the experimental research method and its procedures for the experimental and control groups, where the number of students was (94) students,(47) students for the experimental group, which was represented by Section (B), and(47) students for the control group, which was represented by Section (A), and the two groups were rewarded through a number of variables that could affect the research result.
In addition, the researcher prepared a test to acquire educational concepts in the teaching methods subject consisting of (10) concepts, to formulate (30) paragraphs of the multiple choice type for the test paragraphs and extracted their validity and reliability after presenting them to experts and specialists in the same field.
The appropriate statistical methods were used that are compatible with the nature of the research and its objectives, and through all of the above and the research results, the researcher reached a set of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

The current research aims to verify the effectiveness of a proposed strategy based on Flemage and Bonnell's learning styles in acquiring geographical concepts and future thinking among fifth-grade literary students. To achieve the research objective, the descriptive and quasi-experimental approaches were adopted. The research sample consisted of (52) students, with (25) students for the experimental group that studied according to the proposed strategy and (27) students for the control group that studied according to the usual method. Equivalence was conducted between the two groups in the variables (previous grades, intelligence test). To achieve the study objectives, the researcher prepared two main tools: the geographical concepts acquisition test, which consisted of (45) paragraphs, and the future thinking scale, which consisted of (55) paragraphs. After verifying their psychometric properties, he applied them to the research sample. The researcher used a number of statistical methods, and the results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the average scores of the two groups in acquiring geographical concepts and the future thinking scale, in favor of the experimental group.