Hammurabi journal for studies

Humanity ranged from living in the context of a unipolar and multi-polar system, from one historical period to another, as if it were a cycle of world leadership and the global system, depending on the capacity of the principal actors in it and the distribution of power in it, which continued to pave the way for the rise and fall of the major powers in it.

The seventh chapter was a point and is still stuck in front of Iraq obtaining its full sovereignty and its return to international status after leaving the international wills. It became a difficult demand - apparently - due to the weakness of the role of the United Nations, as the organization’s performance in Iraq was a stumbling performance that was not commensurate with what It is supposed to carry out its tasks, and the failure to perform it properly was at the expense of the growing role of other powers, which took upon themselves to carry out those tasks, and we mean by that the United States of America, or more precisely, it seized the functions of the international organization under the pretext of inability and sufficiency, which was reflected as a result, the status of the United Nations is a refuge for states in times of crises and wars.

Iraq was considered in the American strategy as one of the pillars of expansion and domination, especially after the events of September 2001, which formed a field for interaction of the incentives for the danger that America faced within its territories on the one hand, and with the thought of the neoconservatives, which in a number of its orbits meet with Zionist prophecies, in which Iraq is formed The land of Babylon is one of the pillars of return, the rule of the world and its domination, and even tendencies of revenge against a historical act have become one of the connotations of psychological and ideological religious mobilization, as well as other geo-strategic and economic factors that make Iraq a focal point in the international conflict.

The fiscal policy expresses the economic role of the state, using the revenue and spending policy to achieve the economic and social goals set by the executive apparatus of the state, and by extrapolating the financial history of the Iraqi state and since its formation, it passed through four roles: The first extended from 1921 to 1958, as its role was an organization of the course of economic life. This role culminated in the establishment of the Reconstruction Council, which was formed in 1951. As for the second phase, it started from the end of the first phase until the end of the eighties of the last century, and the state’s role in the development was helped by the increase in oil prices and large financial surpluses that necessitated doing this role, and only three five-year plans were drawn up that ended with the year 1985, after which the plans became annual, in addition to that, they sought this role to support the permanence of their survival, and due to the lack of democracy, the state\'s general budgets were approved by the system and issued by a binding law for state institutions.

Arab literature abounds in a lot of literature interested in studying federalism, but it did not contribute enough to clarify the meaning of federalism as required, and this is due to the fact that these studies rely on a structural reading of federalism from a purely legal point of view, and do not deal with the various other aspects of federalism. Some of these studies show that federalism is a complete federation of separate parts within specializations distributed between two local and federal entities.

In a historical and political moment that has escaped the history of the Arab tragedy and the crisis of time, the Arab peoples and the world woke up to a new Arab man, in terms of mind and heart, and in terms of vision and behavior. They woke up to an earthquake that shook the region, moving the earth, the sky, borders, squares, marginalized submerged armies, and circles of thought and decision, and it has not yet been established. The aftershocks of these earthquakes reached every corner and dug deep in every mountain, so the peaks moved and began to study the event, and suddenly these peoples, who were placed in a lower ladder of peoples\' ranks, had value, life and presence in the equations ... and a cooking for a new form of external conspiracies as well.

The Arab Spring reproduced the Palestinian questions that have accompanied the course of the Arab-Israeli conflict since the establishment of the Zionist project, with the help of Western centralism, and a strategic equation arose out of the womb of Arab developments that the legitimacy of any Arab revolution in Arab geography is derived from the proximity of this or that revolution to the Palestinian cause, which was Always the legal cover for all movements for change in the Arab world.

If relations between Arabs and Turks hit deep in history, they have never known a fixed path, from the stage of Turkish domination behind the scenes in the late Abbasid era to the emergence of the Seljuk state, over sections of Arab geography, to the dawn of the Ottoman rule over a period of four hundred years Between 1516 - 1918.

Bahrain was infected with the revolution that swept most Arab countries, but Bahrain was somewhat different from the situations that occurred in Egypt, Tunisia, and Libya, and the similarity of the Bahraini government’s behavior was completely consistent with what happened in Tunisia and Egypt, where the government dealt non peacefully with the demonstrators. It excessive use of force, in violation of the national law, the Bahraini constitution, international treaties and international human rights law, in addition to that - and here is the difference - as Bahrain sought help from the Peninsula Shield forces from the Gulf Cooperation Council, to protect the government from the people and not to protect the people and the state from imminent dangers. It is as if the Peninsula Shield Forces were dedicated to protecting the rulers and not to protecting the island states, for they are to protect the regimes and not to protect the homelands, and that was the most important fact that emerged through the events.