AL-ADAB JOURNAL

This study reveals a clear and profound influence of Baudelaire\'s poetics, philosophy and thought on the literary production of the Lebanese poet and the avant-garde of modern Arabic poetry Ilyās Abu Šabaka (1903 - 1947). Abu Šabaka\'s poetic texts evoke part of what the read of Baudelaire\'s poetry, but he did not resort to the method of dialogue in his relations with the texts. It is due to the fact that the two poets have the same perception towards the universe and the life, based on two opposites: the hatred of the life on the one hand and the inclination and the passion for it until the ecstasy on the other hand. The study therefore deals with the question of influence and effect among poets, intellectual dualism, the presence of the absent text and cultural beauty.

This research deals with the topic of phonology and corrective phonology in a foreign French language. This study aims at improving the pronunciation of the German student who is learning French as a foreign language with the aim of finding the suitable ways of improving his pronunciation. In this study, we have chosen a German student who is studying French in the University Center for French Studies in Grenoble in France. We told this student to read a French text and we recorded this reading. Then we analyzed this dialogue in order to find the pronunciation mistakes and the effect of the German Language in learning French and to know the student's ability to pronounce new sounds that do not exist in the mother tongue. Finally, we proposed pronunciation corrections that were suitable to the student's case. This would help the teacher of French in Germany to manage the classroom and improve the pronunciation of his students and make them able to distinguish the sounds of both French and German languages.

The origin of the common Turkish language which is known today as ''Ottoman Turkish Language'' comes from the era of Ottoman State and was wirtten in Arabic letters. It contains numerous Arabic, French, and English loanwords. And different social, political, economic and cultural Turkish phrases and expressions are obviously affected by the Arabic language.
The paper aims at investigating the employed Arabic words in the collection of Kadi Burhanettin and clarifying its segments and morphological functions and studying the Turkish suffixes and auxiliary verbs which are used with Arabic words in addition to analyzing the using of the Arabic letters in old ottoman texts and their equivalents in modern Turkish language.

This study examined the effect of some climatic variables and their role in growing citrus fruits in northern Saudi Arabia, which showed that low temperatures accompanied by calm winds and high relative humidity as well as creeping air masses are among the most important factors that contribute to the worsening of frost. This study also dealt with hourly frost waves - a case study - based on the study of climatic data of the study area stations for one day of frost waves that occurred in the study area for the year 2008

The novel was generally distinguished from other literary arts in its connection with the living reality as an imaginative practice that relies on political, economic, social, intellectual and cultural references and as a crucial tool in reading cultural references and dive deep into reality. As every novelist has a vision to embody this reality. As every novelist has a vision to embody this reality. The novel of ("Exceeded border by Hammed Al-Kafa’i) is a considered a fertile field for presenting social issues in their apparent structure and revealing the cultural patterns behind them which lies in its deep structure. The novel here moves its characters in its imaginary world in a way that it becomes more capable of adaptation and crystallization of (cultural statements) that control the behaviour of characters, develop the narrative event and monitor personality transformations in rural society.
The pattern of (class disparity) is dominates the joints of social life in the Iraqi countryside, as (AL-Saied) *4 enjoy those whose belongs by descent or race to the prophet Mohammed (Salaa Allah Ealayh Wasalam) *1 with enjoy special privileges not available to a (commoners) which reinforces the idea of class disparity in the Iraqi countryside. Within a male society in which the man imposed his control with strict provisions, the material and civil rights of women were lost and turned into a means and a tool to be to be exchanged according to the map of male interests, between a minor girl who is forced to marry under the saying (Kisma)*2 and another confiscates her freedom to choose her life partner and she is forced to marry her cousin under the saying (Al-Nahwa)*3 , and another is forcing her to stop her social life and cancel her feelings if her husband dies under the saying (loyalty to the husband after his death) and other sayings that tightened the noose on women in all their forms.

On the level of religious belief, the novel is full of many signals that reveal the deep structure of the rural community that affects its behaviour, so it floats on the surface of the outward structure in the narrative context to describe some life practices as in the saying (intercession) that explains many behavioural practices that seem ambiguous in relation to the other, those who are outside the Shiite sect or belief as well as the say (Divine Punishment) by which some behaviours are interpreted according to religious beliefs, in addition to the special immunity granted to the (AL-Saied) this culture, which prevails, represents the first line of defence that puts them under protection from anything. The saying (Al-Barakah) *5 comes to give them some privileges that guarantee them to stay at the top of the social ladder.
*1 (Salaa Allah Ealayh Wasalam): Means Blessings and peace be upon the Prophet Muhammad.
*2Kisma: It means that some Arab societies force the girl to marry under certain customs called Kisma.
*3Al-Nahwa: means that the girl is forced to marry a cousin under certain norms called Al-Nahwa.
*4Al-Sayed: It is believed that his lineage belongs to the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him.
*5Al-Barakah: it means granting gentlemen a blessing to people some privileges that put them on top of the social ladder.

The study of discourse calls for the researcher to study the components of the poetic text, and its cultural and linguistic cognitive contexts, to reach the final stop of the meaning, meaning that the significance of the text alone does not work. The research is limited to identifying the type of Sufi discourse with Adonis, this poet known for his abundant culture, as he is considered one of the critical poets who were able to master the language, knowledge and heritage news, and at the same time he led the Arab poetic renewal movement.
Attention should be paid to the mechanisms or tools of modernity that Adonis used in his poetry, such as: the titles of the poems, or the thresholds of the texts, as it is the chandelier that illuminates the general theme of the poem, and sometimes it is a key to the obsolete meanings that he spreads in his poetry, and other times it makes it a mystery that pushes the recipient to think and open horizons of interpretation Or, it makes it an answer to a question, and may be the last word in the poem.
Adonis uses a variety of methods in the compositions of his poetic sentences that adopt different references, such as historical, religious and heritage references, and he employs them in his mystical topic. He often uses a specific dictionary of Sufi terms, in addition to using forms in the structure and type of the poem, such as (The Mirror), (The Mask), and (Al-Buh) poems, and he uses dialogues and interactions to give his poem a purely Indonesian mystical identity.

I saw in this research the study of the verbs in some of the qur'an's short verses in the guidance of the judicial approach and according to the division of Austin and Searle of the verbs, which was based on its division on the division of Austin with some changes according to the first sees and thus divided my research into an introduction to indicate the importance of research, and then the beginning of the preface, which will contain a brief summary of deliberative and the theory of speech verbs, The first topic will involve Austin's division of actions and the initiation of the changes that Searle made to the first division, while the second one made us a practical study of the verbs of the words that were mentioned in the qur'anic light, and in the end we draw to the conclusion and the most important sources that we relied on in our research.

The generation of the fifties carried different intellectual and artistic visions from the previous generations، by virtue of the developments witnessed by the Arab nation in general and Iraq in particular، which were evoked by what the Iraqi reality witnessed at all political، social and economic levels that led to the development of intellectual awareness in the various events it carried. Among the poets of that period، and then one of its outputs was the emergence of poetic objects and themes that reflected to the recipient that reality with various meanings according to the poetic theme So our research came to find out some of those poetic purposes to show their effect in producing meaning for the recipient in that period of time، and we chose the poet Abdul Wahhab Al-Bayati to be a model for the study.

The French colonial expansion in the Algerian desert is considered a pivotal point in the modern history of that area. This is mainly because the ultimate goal of the French was to separate north Algeria from the southern provinces. This explains placing the south under a special military administration, which served other colonial purposes such as facilitating the expansion into West Africa, and linking the various French colonies in the region even though the geopolitical context of the area did not support such tactics.
This paper reviews the European, and particularly the French, exploratory, political, economic and missionary ventures in the Algerian deserts both before and after the French colonization. It also discusses the colonial and strategic motives for the French attempts to dominate this particular area as well as the stages, characteristics, and impact of this expansionist venture.
The researchers propose that at present, France still adopts the same practice of using the anthropological, natural, and economic environment of any given state in order to achieve its political and economic goals.
The paper concludes that the French administration was certain that its existence in Algeria, and its ability to hold on to its colonies in West and Sub-Saharan Africa, was determined by its dominance of the Algerian desert. In addition, this paper proposes that contemporary French foreign policy towards these African states has remained significantly unchanged.

This study aims to shed light on the Damascene historian, Hebt Allah Ibn Al-Akfani (d. 524 AH / 1129 CE) and his book “Tassmeyat Umara Demashq”, by showing the features of Ibn Al-Akfani’s life and explaining the importance of his book, especially since he is one of the few historians who contemplated the Fatimid state during its rule in the Levant. , And the contemporary of the fall of his control over him, and the study tries to shed light on his family, his life, his culture, his inclinations and his influences in his historical writings, and studying the remains of his book "Tassmeyat Umara Demashq " missing and available we say about him in some of the subsequent sources on him, his method of classifying his book, and the resources that he adopted It is based on its classification, methodology, and importance for the history of Damascus, for Fatimid studies in general, and for the time range of its book.
The study concluded that Ibn Asaker relied on Ibn Al-Akfani’s book in most of his translations on the Fatimid princes of Damascus, and Ibn Al-Akfani’s approach to the history of the year (history over the years) in organizing his book, and his keen desire to provide the accurate history of his incidents, and the reasons for isolation and assumption of the princes, their ethnic origins and their surnames.
The study concluded that it relied on the sources of contemporary events from its elders and elders, in addition to the state records, and its observations of the events that were contemporary, and that his inclinations towards his news were moderate with a clear bias to the Abbasid caliphate in the face of the Fatimid caliphate, but his bias was moderate compared to other historians.

The study of villages and cities in the historical field indicated an important role for several reasons, including the lack of news about them and the extinction of our information about them. Including showing the role that these villages contributed to in historical, economic, military and even social events, if any. The village of Damma has a distinct share of such a role. Despite the scarcity of information and historical references about this village in its ancient history before Islam, it formed an image, albeit partial, of the role that this village played in historical events in order for this role to expand from the information that we received about it in Islamic history, to form a clearer picture of its prominent role and the value it gained from this role. Such a study enriches historical knowledge and highlights the roles of villages and cities, no matter how small their area is, but it imprinted their imprint in the cognitive memory and preserved for us a distinct heritage that was the fulcrum of these villages in the history of the Arabs before Islam and continued afterwards to exercise their historical role in it.

The researcher tries to trace the sayings of the philosophers of history, explains their importance for both philosophy and history as well as their role in removing the contradiction between them, identifies the historian’s need for the philosophy of history in explaining historical events and linking them and searching for the reasons that led to their occurrence, fills the gaps left by the resources related to the topic under study and research, and criticizes the sources in their initial form.
The researcher proposes that the philosophy of history in the historian’s works includes all the mental and intellectual processes that the he performs while he is preoccupied in writing about a specific topic and is governed by a specific time and place, that is, everything that includes what the historian himself review about the topic (history).
The analytical philosophy of history is part of the philosophy of history that the historians are interested in, and it is in contrast to what philosophers do in their reflections or what they do while searching for general rules and laws governing the course of human history and the emergence and development of civilization and then its retreat and falling back, or their views on the secrets of the universe and the existence of man and what governs his life on earth. Does it go in an ascending line forward, as indicated by the theory of progress, for example, or the other theories?
The researcher hopes to demonstrate the benefits of the philosophy of history to both the historians and the philosophers and to prove the claim that the philosophy of history is a specific field of thought which stands on its own and at the same time is helpful to the sciences of history and philosophy, which is different from the history of philosophy.

The popular heritage is the main aspect of identity, besides; peoples' legacies are the basics on which the essence of human civilizations is based. The UAE was established in 1971, the history of the Emirates before its founding was not sufficient, especially in relation to the popular heritage of literature, arts, and games that represented the entertainment aspect of the Emirati society, we have only what has been memorized, what the generations have inherited that should be highlighted to demonstrate its nature, dimensions, and consequences. This will contribute, however, to opening a window to the past by researching those legacies and linking them to the transformation from the Pearl Diving Community to the United Arab Emirates. Recreation is one of the basics of life in the ancient and modern era. Human nature despite its variety shared many stable, indigenous needs as well as the close relationship between history and sciences that interacted to reflect a historical, social, humanitarian, and literature aspect of what man defines as civilization. Accordingly, the UAE community before the establishment of the Federation has enjoyed many kinds of entertainment, which has formed the main part of the UAE citizen's personality. Moreover, the society's knowledge of entertainment was not superficial as it is now due to technology, rather it was a philosophy of entertainment of different kinds that was derived from the nature of different environments in the UAE. Entertainment in UAE society was influenced by psychological, environmental, and political dimensions. The diver's trips contributed to attracting many aspects of entertainment that remained with the Emirati community even after the establishment of the union

The study Aimed at Revealing That Scientific writing skills To Master thesis For Graduate Students. No Doubt That the Skill of Scientific Writing Academy Its Language Skill, for university Professors and Graduate Student Whom Scientific Research and Scientific production Constitute Distinguishing Mark in Their personalities And Standard to Be Judged by Them or by them.
Which Prompted the Researcher To search for the most Important Skills That Contributed to raise the level Of Scientific Writing for Graduate Student. The Researcher Prepared a Questionnaire Consisting of 35 Item Distributed on four Axes: Which Are research Skills, Ideas Skill, Continuation Skills, Style Skills, Documentation Skill After Making Sure of Its Validity and Reliability. It Was Applied to the Graduate Students of The Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Who Numbered in Total (24) Meal, (43) Female
Statistical Means ,chi-Square, Weight Means And Pearson Coefficient ,To reveal The Results Of Her Search The Results Saved That (16) Items Represents Achieved Aspects And(14)Item Represents Not Achieved Aspect .The Results Revealed That The Highest Skill Axes In Terms Of Weighted Average And Percentage Weight Are Skill Of Style ,Research Skills ,Skill Of Ideas And Finally The Skill Of Documentation
Recommendation: Prepare a Guide That Summarizes the Most Prominent
Proposals: Training Program to Develop Scientific Writing Skills for University Students.

The research aims to identify:
1- The level of social support for educational counselors.
2- The level of professional stability of the educational counselors.
3- The correlation between social support and professional stability among educational counselors.
The current research is determined by educational counselors, male and female, in three general directorates of education in Baghdad Governorate (Rusafa First, Rusafa Second, and Rusafa Three) for the academic year (2017 - 2018) and after applying the standards to the sample members and conducting the data unpacking and dealing with them statistically, the results showed as follows, that the individuals of a sample the research enjoys social attribution, and it also showed that the members of the research sample do not enjoy professional stability, and the results also showed that there is no correlative relationship between the social attribution and the professional stability of the sample.
In conclusion, it was recommended that the education directorates should satisfy the work environment and the needs of the individuals working within the school and suggested conducting a study on the school principals for the same concepts.

The research aims to investigate the impact of teaching natural geography on the skills of visual thinking of the fifth-grade student. To achieve the objective of this research, the researchers put a null hypothesis, i.e., there are no significant statistical differences between the mean scores of the students in the experimental group who are studying the natural geographical material visual thinking skills and the achievement of those students in the control group who are studying the subject in the traditional way. The sample of the study consisted of (64) students, distributed by (32) students in the experimental group and 32 in the control group. The current study is limited to the fifth grade of the preparatory school for Girls of the General Directorate of Education - Baghdad / Al-Rusafa during the academic year (2019-2020). The results showed the superiority of students in the experimental group who studied natural geographical material skills of visual thinking compared to the students of the control group who studied in the traditional way of testing achievement.

The current study aims at finding out the correlational relationship between Parental Coping Styles and Its Relationship With the Strengthening Behavior Among Intermediate School Students .In order to achieve this aim , the researcher herself has adopted the Parental Coping Styles Scale by Al-Bazi (2008) .The scale consists of (4) styles ,namely Democratic , Predominating , Excessive Protection , and Negligence Styles .This scale includes two corresponding images , the first is devoted to the father and the second to the mother , containing (25) items distributing into the four styles with four alternatives for responding formulated by Literal Situations Style and Strengthening Behavior Scale by Hameed (2012) which consists of (3) dimensions ,namely the physical , the Literal , and the psychological ones .The scale contains (44) items distributing into the three dimensions of the scale as (12,14,16) and with a grading of Tertiary alternatives (Highly Applicable on me , Somewhat Applicable on me , Never Applicable on me).The researcher has verified the psychometric features of the scale such as Validity and Reliability , then both scales have been conducted on the sample of the study , totally (200) 3rd grade intermediate students of both genders at Directorate General of Education – Al-Karkh Sector /3 -Baghdad during the academic year 2020-2021 .The sample was randomly selected out of the study population.
Having collected and statistically analyzed the data, the researcher has come up with the following:
-The democratic style is the dominating one , followed by the predominating, and the negligence one , and the excessive protection styles respectively .Also, the sample of the study do not practice the strengthening behavior with their peers and the results show the weak correlational relationship between parental Coping styles (democratic , predominating , excessive protection , and negligence styles) and the strengthening behavior and there is no a statistically significant difference between the two concepts.
Based on the above findings, the researcher has set specific recommendations, as well as a number of suggestions for further studies.

The research aims to evaluate the experiment of e-learning from post-graduate students’ viewpoint at Diyala University. A qualitative research method was used to collect and analyse data via the SPSS program. The researcher selected the sample that consists 379 of 613 the total of the population study from different variety departments in Diyala University. An electronic questionnaire form consisted of 29 open-ended questions sent to the postgraduate students to evaluate the experiment of e-learning in Diyala University. Statistical tools were used like, T-test, Cronbach’s alpha and Tow Way ANOVA to analyse the data. The findings indicated that, evaluating the experiment of e-learning from post-graduate learners in Diyala University, a slightly below the standard at a significant level of 0.052, as a result of financial and humans' factors – and there is a statistically significant difference between Mean score in gender variable (M=males < females). It is recommended the necessity of completing the infrastructure for the digital transforming in university education – and continue with the intense training on the use of ICT applications in learning and teaching. It is suggested to study other variables.

Research on the topic of pollution of the marine environment by sea transport and its danger to humans, consisting of marine organisms, as its effects are no longer confined to the pollution-exporting country only, and it cannot be described as a regional problem confined to one region without another, but rather it has become a global phenomenon that crosses the political borders of countries that require concerted efforts of all. This necessitated the intervention of the international community to organize the international legal protection of the marine environment from the danger of pollution resulting from maritime transport for this reason, the study of the research necessitated dividing it into two main sections, the first of which dealt with the conceptual framework of the pollution of the marine environment by shipping. While the second dealt with the legal regulation to protect the marine environment from pollution resulting from maritime transport, and then the research ended with a number of conclusions and a set of recommendations that we hope will contribute to strengthening the legal protection of the marine environment from pollution resulting from shipping within the framework of international law.

The social dimension is one of the three main elements of sustainable development that the countries of the world seek to achieve with the aim of eliminating poverty and social inequality, promoting economic growth, protecting the environment from the risks of climate change, and unsustainable production and consumption patterns, as emphasized by the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which It was approved by the United Nations in September 2015 and called on the governments of all countries to adopt the Sustainable Development Goals (17) as a guiding framework when implementing their development programs and plans to achieve sustainable development.
The international development indicators issued by international organizations and institutes specialized in development issues are one of the most important tools and mechanisms for measuring progress or failure in achieving sustainable development in all its dimensions, including the social dimension that covers issues of security, peace, housing, health, education, combating poverty and hunger, reducing gender inequality and empowering women .
In assessing the performance of sustainable social development in Iraq after 2003, we will rely on a selection of international indicators issued by prestigious specialized international organizations, bodies and institutes. These indicators are (Human Development Index, Sustainable Development Index, Prosperity Index, Global Peace Index, Index, Fragile State Index, and Global Terrorism Index).
The research aims to identify the performance gap in the various aspects of sustainable development regionally and internationally. The descriptive and analytical approach will be used and the quantitative dimension will be used through which the gap will be measured by comparing the computational value of the indicator in Iraq with the mathematical value of the same indicator in the first country in the world and the first country. In the Arab world, this will help us in diagnosing the weaknesses, shortcomings, and challenges facing Iraq to rise from the low ranks in most international development indicators to higher ranks commensurate with its material and human capabilities, its cultural depth, and its glorious history.

The paper dealt with the role of the university student guide to prevent youth from the drug scourge, university students in Khartoum State was set as a model. The student guide plays an important and key role in the guiding mode and problem-solving programs and their prevention of this scourge, especially drug-related and youth-taking in universities. The significance of this study in addressing an important segment of society i.e., young people in universities and for the values of universities in the society for producing generations with mind of science depends on the transparency and social responsibility. The importance also stemmed from the role of the university student mentor to prevent the youth from the drug plague that is so far close to these groups. The study aimed for identifying the size of the drug abuse problem among university students in Khartoum state, and to find the role of the student guide in drug abuse prevention. The paper was based on the analytical descriptive approach and on published studies and researches on student mentoring and drugs. One finding is that there is no university of universities included in the research in Khartoum state are free of drug abuse among students, noticing the proportion of male students in universities in Khartoum State is higher than that of Female students, failure to understand the role of student guidance in the positive impact on university students, Failure of communication between the student mentor and parents of students' in solving their young adult drug problem, the student guide does not study cases to address the problem and there is a deficiency of the student guide in the filling a comprehensive student record, maintaining its confidentiality and organizing guidance files and records. The study recommends that the role of the student guide should be activated at universities and should be using all available means, stimulate the role of the family in following up the behavior of its young adults in universities, the government should give the issue of the prevention of drug abuse the most weight at universities and continuing the awareness about the damage to this serious scourge on health of the individual and society and to benefit from the programs of the National Drug Control Commission.

The aim of the study was to identify the role of religious institutions as influencer institutions in the development of the rural community. Furthermore, it aimed to explore the role of worship institutions in developing social and religious awareness, and to determine their role in developing social capital which is considered one main pillar of human development in societies. The present study is descriptive - analytical research that looks into the reality of the Egyptian village. Documentary data in addition to field observations were collected and analyzed sociologically. Additionally, data analysis supported with researcher’s participation and coexistence in the study’s society. Talks with educated newsmen and other reputable people in villages have enriched the argument about the role of the religious institutions in developing the village. The findings revealed that Egyptian villages have all forms of social capital that vary in size from one village to another, however it is not exploited by religious institutions to achieve human development. The study highlights the need to pay attention to enriching the religious discourse with the importance of religious institutions in investing different forms of social capital in the study’s society to achieve human development.

The current study aimed to identify the causes that lead to divorce and its effects in the Omani families. In order to suggest proposals to reduce divorce in Omani society.
The current study is based on the qualitative approach, through analyzing the statistical data of the official statistics of the Omani Ministry of Justice and the statistics of the National Center for Statistics and Information, in addition of interviews with a group of specialists from social researchers and family counseling and guidance specialists in the family development departments in the various governorates of the Sultanate.
The results of this study showed that the age groups most exposed to divorce are the young, from 20 to 30 years old and in their first five years of marriage. The factor of poor marital choice, poor marital compatibility, lack of independent housing, and the inability to conceive are considered the most prominent social, economic and health reasons for divorce among spouses in Omani society.
The study found that the most dangerous effects resulting from divorce fall on children, then on divorced women, especially mothers. The severity of these effects is evident in the psychological damage that children suffer which in turn affects their educational, behavioral and psychological status and causes them to be emotionally deprived.
The study presented some proposals to reduce the phenomenon of divorce in Omani society, including intensifying societal awareness of the importance of marital choice for both the young man and woman. In addition, educating youth before marriage with the skills of managing marital disputes, the appropriate spending policy and how to understand the other partner, in order to achieve the suitable marital compatibility. The mandatory medical examination before marriage for its importance in the stability of the family.

This study aimed to know the impact of a woman’s work on her quality of life, to identify how a working woman achieves a balance between her work and her life, to uncover aspects of the impact of work on a woman’s life, and to uncover the challenges that prevent achieving this balance. The researcher used the descriptive and analytical approach for its ability to describe the study variables with the required accuracy, where the study was applied to a random sample of women working in governmental and private Emirati institutions, and their number reached (400) women, and the questionnaire was used and distributed to them, then the data were collected and entered into a program SPSS to be analyzed. The study found that there is a statistically significant discrepancy with an F value of (63.482), which is a statistically significant value at the level of 0.05, in the opinions of working women about aspects of the impact of work on the lives of Emirati women, as the views of the participants differed in terms of support and acceptance among the average and higher. However, in terms of ways for the working woman to achieve a balance between her work and her life, the results showed that there is a statistically significant discrepancy with a value of F (43.033), which is a statistically significant value at the level of 0.05, in women's opinions about it between the average and the high as well, while the results showed in the last part that there is a statistically significant discrepancy with an F value of (39,653), which is a statistically significant value at the level of 0.05, in the views of women about the challenges that prevent the working woman from achieving a balance between her work and her life, between medium and low. In the end, the results revealed that the effect of the study variables, including age, education, the nature of the work sector, the number of daily working hours, the duration of marriage, and the presence of children with a woman, is statistically significant in both aspects of the impact of work on her life, and in the ways the working woman achieves balance between her work and her life, as well as the challenges that prevent working women from achieving a balance between her work and her life.

Many international charters, declarations and conventions have focused on the political rights of women on the basis of the principle of equality without discrimination due to origin, sex, language, religion or belief, or between women and men, and this equality includes all political rights that allow individuals both to participate in political participation and in expressing and practicing their right The study aims to clarify the concept of representative representation and the concept of political participation and its importance, and to identify the political participation of women in general, and to clarify the political participation of Emirati women.
The Emirati woman has proven her competence in all the fields she fought to become a minister and deputy speaker of Parliament and represented the UAE externally, and Emirati women in general have proven their competence, distinction and competence in all the responsibilities entrusted to them, and confirmed their outstanding commitment and strong presence in the service of the nation in various fields of national work, Including its involvement in the armed forces, national service, police and security forces.
The importance of this study lies in the fact that it is one of the few studies in this regard, within the limits of the researcher's knowledge, on the topic of political participation among Emirati women, and revealing the role of the wise leadership of the UAE in making the conditions of Emirati women in continuous development, even if this varies from Emirate To another. The social and cultural environment, with its various components of customs, traditions and visions, is an incubating and motivating environment for the emergence of women in the United Arab Emirates and their access to advanced degrees in various social, economic, educational and political activities.
This came to confirm the validity of the hypothesis that Emirati women do not only have a role in participating within the political framework, but also in other social sectors that form an integrated fabric. This is what Emirati women have proven through their assumption of important positions in the country economically, scientifically and culturally.
The researcher has adopted the descriptive and analytical approach through available data from official sources in the United Arab Emirates, in addition to recent statistics issued by government agencies concerned with the participation of women.
The most important results regarding the empowerment of women to participate effectively in the UAE, especially in the Emirate of Sharjah, were the number of women involved in the electoral bodies in the emirate during the years from 2015 to 2019, with the total number of females in electoral bodies (19810), compared to the number of males. Which reached (24948), out of the total number of electoral bodies for both sexes, which amounted to (44758), with a relatively small difference, and this is an indication of equal opportunities and equality between the sexes.

current study aims to identify the perceived social support among Ministry of Interior officers, and the differences in perceived social support among the Ministry of Interior officers depending on the variable of the military rank and the nature of work, and in order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher adopted the theory (House, 1981) of perceived social support. With the numbers of the Perceived Social Support Scale after reviewing the approved theory and previous studies, and its paragraphs amounted to (31) paragraphs, the psychometric properties of the scale, represented in honesty and consistency, were extracted and the scale applied to the research sample consisting of (400) officers from the Ministry of Interior in Baghdad Governorate and they were chosen by the random stratified method After collecting the data and processing it statistically by means of the Statistics Program (SPSS), the following results appeared:
1. That the individuals of the research sample who are Ministry of Interior officers have a high perceived social support.
2. There is a statistically significant difference in perceived social support according to the rank variable and in favor of a lieutenant colonel or higher, because their average is higher than lieutenant to major, and there is also a statistically significant difference according to the nature of work and for the benefit of the administrator because there is no significant interaction between the two variables (rank and work).

This research revolves around the study of a considerably important topic for callers. It tackles the study of Dawah references, relevant to the caller, derived from the Prophetic Sunnah. It regarded the book of At-Targhib Wat-Tarhib by Al-Mundhiri as a model. Dawah references, relevant to the caller, derived from the Prophetic Sunnah have played an important role. Callers to Allah should employ it for the sake of Islamic Dawah as it has a considerable impact on Dawah to Allah and callers as well. In it some of what callers must adhere to are presented to enjoy the fruits of their Dawah. Additionally, it attempted to shed light as much as possible on some traits they must have to make their Dawah activity accepted by whom they dealt with and help them give Dawah as dictated by Sharia. Then it referred to some results relevant to the study and some recommendations.

Satellite channels are a major source of news for the public because of the characteristics and characteristics that make it in an advanced position of other media. The history of the relationship between Baghdad and Erbil is fraught with crises over the past decades, but after 2003 and the change of the political system in Iraq, the relationship between the Iraqi central government and the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) witnessed a radical change in the relationship. Both governments sought to develop the relationship between the two governments. The establishment of bridges of cooperation between them, and in view of this relationship it was necessary for the media to reflect the distinction of this relationship within the content of the media, and since the emergence of satellite channels, most of the satellite channels, including the Iraqi satellite channel and the channel Rudao to pay attention to private news The two governments to develop a relationship to keep up with international trends in this area, hence this study (to monitor the treatment of the Iraqi satellite channels and channel Rudaw of the relationship between the central government and the provincial government) through the analysis of the content of the study channels in terms of form and content frameworks. In this study, the researcher aimed to achieve a set of objectives of identifying the news frames that dealt with the subject of the study, and determining the size of interest of the two channels in the study subject. And to identify the paths of persuasion used to address the subject of the study. This study falls under the category of descriptive research, which is based on one of the theories of the media that study the relationship between variables and media. The study also relied on the survey methodology to inform both descriptive and analytical aspects of the content of the study channels in terms of form and content, by analyzing the content of the news presented in the two channels during the study period. The study concluded with a number of results, the most important of which were: The study found the polymorphisms and templates that were used in the treatment of the subject of study in the two channels of analysis between news articles, articles of opinion and other news items.
- The sources of the news item and the picture used by the two study channels varied between Arab, foreign, electronic and private sources.
- The diversity of the type of news content presented in the two channels of study has turned out to be between psychological, economic and social issues.
- The personalities in the two channels of study and expressive on the subject of the study between the head of state and ministers of officials and experts, political analysts and spokesmen on behalf of their countries.
- The reference frames used by the two study channels were varied in presenting and addressing the subject of the study between a formal, historical, legal and religious framework.
The study revealed the difference in the function of the frameworks that were used to introduce and deal with the subject of the study between offering and subtracting the expected and subtracting damages and promoting relations.

This research (Characteristics of the representative performance of the mother’s character in the Iraqi Child Theater) came to identify the mechanisms of the actor’s work in embodying the mother’s character in the child’s theater and to access the performance characteristics.
The research included four chapters: the first of which is the methodological framework for the research included the research problem and the need for it based on the following question: How to identify the characteristics of the mother’s character’s performance in the child's theater, what are the ways to perform it and how to present it by the Iraqi theater actor, then the importance of the research, its goal and its limits and define terminology.
As for the second chapter (the theoretical framework), it has been divided into two topics: The first topic: the researcher divided it into:
1- The mother's personality and its psychological and social aspects.
2- The mother's personality and her educational role in the theater.
The second topic: Characteristics of representational performance in child’s theater, in which the main performance methods in child’s theater and the techniques (sound and physical) used in the performance were addressed.
As for the third chapter (Research Procedures), it included the research community, the method of research, and the determination of the sample that the researcher decided to be intentional and selective, then the research tool, and finally the sample that focused on the representative performance of the mother’s character in the child's theater was analyzed in the theatrical performance (the gentle dove).
The fourth chapter includes a discussion of the findings and conclusions related to the goal, recommendations and proposals, followed by a list of sources and references, and then the annexes.

The modern Hebrew poetry started with the first beginnings of the haskala movement. The reviewers differed about the first specifications of the modern Hebrew poetry and appearance, with this period, a group poets, like "moshey hayem lotsalo", "naftali Herits mezel", "mekha yusuf lifenson" and ''yahuda lif jordon'' poet of the Haskala. During the haskala h's period, the poetry was characterized and affected with old testament, European poets and an optimism which dominated on all the poets, over and above the strong poetry presence on literary field at the same period. Also, the failure of haskala h's movement and the disability of Jewish integration with the European society leaded to finish the Jewish problem there for, the first beginnings of the Zionism renovation has been appeared, and during the period, the poetry was characterized by auto domination, pessimism and use the old testament's ideas, like liberation and era with the intention to motivate the Jewish feelings towards the Zionism. Over and above renovation the Hebrew language and be affected with European poetry and oscillate the Hebrew poetry between the realism and symbolism.

Simha Ben Tsion is a Jewish-Zionist writer who recognized as one of the founders of Tel Aviv city. He immigrated to Palestine in 1905 after years of moving between Odessa and many other cities. He has worked on establishing publishing houses for a long period. He has a great passion for writing stories and novels, which varied between autobiographical stories and children's stories, as well as he has worked in the field of myth. What has drawn the author's attention is “Eshkol / the departure of Jews from Egypt.” It is one of the writer’s works, which was considered as a starting point to take the reader in an atmosphere of heroism, self-denial, good, and bad. Hence, the current research revolves around giving an in-depth analysis of this band of stories. The writer attempted to take the reader back to 3000 years ago by introducing events encountered by the Jews during their departure out of Egypt. In which, he exposed the relationship between kings and prophets, on one hand, the people on theother hand. It is evident that the writer had exaggerated in describing the suffering and sacrifices of Jews by showing a wide range of events that full of love, sacrifice, and heroism. Obviously, the story is an effective means to influence audience sensation. We find this matter repeated in the same manner and idea in the story of Eshkol, in which events are similar to the first story.

It can be said that contemporary symbolic poetry is social poetry that has a realistic view of society and human social status. Symbolism is the art of expressing thoughts and emotions through use of symbols to evoke feelings and ideas in the reader's mind. Therefore, the poets' goal of using symbolism in their poetry is to resolve the conflict between the material and moral worlds.
Frough Farrokhzad paid great attention to symbolic poetry, as she expressed her social reality through her poems. She wrote most of her poems in the field of symbolism, that is, she used symbols to express the social conditions that the country was going through due to political failures. Therefore, her poems contained a variety of different social themes, full of social criticism of the conditions in which people live.