Al-Nahrain Journal of Science

The study aims to evaluated the protective effect of Amygdaline compound extracted from
apricot seeds on the effectiveness of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, GGT) (alkaline phosphatase (ALP),
blirubin) cholesterol and triglycerides and(antioxidant (manol dia aldehid MDA), (glotathuine-Stransters (GST)) on the albino mice treated with carbon tetrachloride were studied 32 male albino
mice Swiss albino, (5-8 weeks) and (20-25 gm weight).Amygdaline compound was analyzed by
High-performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC).
Conducted tests on the overlap between the three concentration ( 150, 250,350 mg/kgm) of
aqueous extract of Amygdaline 3.2 mg/kgm of carbon tetrachloride with interaction included two
types of treatment (pre-ccl4 and post-ccl4) through oral dosage and for a period of 14 days.
The study shows that the concentration 350 mg/kgm is the best concentration of aqueous
extract there was used and study suggests that use the concentrations of this focus and fact that the
plant is used for human consumption broadly and because it contains the Bio flvenote

This work contain preparationnew compounds derived from N-(mono chloro) adip phthalimide (1)in three steps, the first step was prepare Schiff bases compoundsfrom the reaction of N-hydrazino adip phthalimide (2) with different aldehydes and ketones. The second step was prepared thiazolidine ring by the reaction of prepared Schiff bases with mercap to acetic acid. The third step was included preparation of imide ring by react compound (2)with different anhydrides in presence of glacial acetic acid. All the prepared compounds were characterized by FT-IR spectra, some of them by H1-NMR, physical properties and measurements of thermal stability by TG. technique

Nucleoside Analogues play important role in different medical drugs, we synthesized new nucleoside analogues using theobromine as a nucleobase, for the first time, by convertion to it's mercury salt,[1].Then coupled with three kinds of sugar, including (glucose, galactose and mannose), after protection[2-4] and activation as bromo sugar [5-7] afforded blocked nucleoside analogues [8-10] which subsequently hydrolyzed to give our synthetic goal the free nucleoside analogues [11-13].All preparedcompounds were identify by FT-IR and some of them with 1H-NMRspectroscopy.The synthesized compounds (11-13) were screened for their in-vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity

Aseries of new derivatives of 7-ethyl-4-methyl quinoline-2-one were synthesized,by cyclization reaction of m-ethyl phenolwith ethylacetoacetate in the presenceof sulfuric acid to yield 7-ethyl-4-methyl coumarin,whichwas chosen as the starting material and it was treated with hydrazine hydrate80% to give a new compound 1-amino-4 methyl-7-ethyl quinoline-2(1H)-one. The later compound introduced in different synthetic methods to producenew4-methyl-7-ethyl-2-qunolone derivatives containing amide, imine, and acetylenic groups (L4-L10).Synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectra and by measuring some of their physical properties

hin films of Bi2-x(CuPb)xSr2Ca2Cu3O10+compound (x 0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4) were prepared by Pulse laser deposition (frequency 6 Hz, energy 500mJ, pulses 500, vacuum 101Tor and 1 Cm distance between the substrate and the target) at room temperature of 300 nm thickness ontocleaned glass substrates. Optical measurements for all values of x indicate the same value of transmittance (97.76) but at different positions of wavelengths with shifting towards short wavelength within the extreme wavelength range (200-1100) nm. High optical energy gap for films is at x 0.The reflectance approaches to zero at for all values of x. Atomic force microscopy and photoluminescence for the films are studied

In this paper, the measurement ofspecific activity concentrationsoffive commercial oilsamplesobtainedfrom different countries (Kuwait, U.A.E., Iran, andGermany) were carried out using(HPGe)detector. From themeasurementit was observedthat average valuesofspecific activity concentrationsfor 238U, 232Th and 40K were equal to (20.2061.4Bq/l), (20.0803.5Bq/l)and (162.12049.2Bq/l), respectively.The results werelessthan theircorresponding recommended global values reported by (UNSCEAR,1994) publication. The radiation hazard indices [Iɣ,Hin,Hex,Raeq,DƔ,(AEDE)inand(AEDE)out]were alsostudied, and all the obtained resultsand their average value were also observedto be lowerthan their corresponding average valuesgiven by (UNSCEAR,1994,2000).Finally, the excess life time cancer risk (outdoor),(ELCR),results were found to beranged from 0.102103(Al-Khaleej) (Kuwaiti origin) sample to 0.147103(Vulcan 330) (Iranian origin) sample, with an average value of (0.1210.012)103, which were less than the world average value. Thus, the results of the present work have shown that, all the studied samples of motor oil are safe when used

The resultobtained 75 isolate of Pseudomonasaeruginosaincluded: 28 isolates from otitis media, 23 isolates from burn infections, 10isolates from wound infections, 8 isolates from urinary tract infections and 6 isolates from blood. The isolates were identified by culturing on MacConkey agar,Blood agar,Cetrimide agar, Pseudomonas agar and CHROMagar Orientation then identified by performing biochemical tests including (oxidase test and catalase test) and further identification by using a API20E system.The resultobtainedPseudomonasaeruginosathat have Las B included :23 isolates from otitis media 82.14%, 19isolates from burn infections 82.60%,10 isolates from wound infections 100%, 5 isolates from urinary tract infections 62.5 %and 6 isolates from blood 100%.The result revealed that the lasBge newas present in 63 isolates 84% of Pseudomonasaeruginosa. The gel electrophoresis showed that the molecular weight of alg D gene was 300bp

The leaves of the Capparisspinosawere collected from the eastern Radwaniya/Baghdad duringthemonths April, May, June, July, September, and September. The leaves were extracted bywater and alcohol.The effectiveness of anti-tumor and anti-leishmania for the water and alcohol extracts of al-Qabar leaf samples for May andSeptember, which were characterized by the highest percentage of active compounds for the rest of the tested months, was evaluated by adopting the results of a previous study for the same researchers orchemical composition and leaf content of active compounds The concentrations of 250, 500, 1000 mg.L1were evaluated for anti-tumor efficacy. The anti-leishmania efficacy was tested at 250, 500 and 1000 mg L1. The sample of the alcohol extract for Maycollected complexshowed the highest anti-tumor activity at 63.5% at 500 mg.L1and the highest efficacy of the samples of alcohol extract for September was 56.1% at the concentration of 250 mg.L1, while the water extract for the May sample did not show any effectiveness even at the highest concentration 1000 mg L1, but the Septembercollectedsample was effective at 49.3% In the case of the inhibitory efficacy of leishmania, the alcohol extract of the May sample did not show oninhibitory activity at the lowest concentration. The effectiveness of 41.3% was observed at 500 mg.L1, butdecreased to 14.8% at the highest concentration of 1000 mg L-1. Of the same month at the lowest concentration of 37.8% and decreased effectiveness therewas an increase in the anti-leishmania effect of the September extract of the sample with increased concentration. There was of its effectiveness at the lowest concentration of a user and then reached 8 and 37% at the concentration of 500 and 1000 mg.L1withthe same percentage, and the water extract for the September sample did not show any efficacy at the minimum and highest concentrations, except the concentration of 500 mg.L1, which reached 11%.

This paper presentsanapproximatesolution of ordinary boundary value problemsusing the variational iteration method. The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense, because it allows traditional initial and boundary conditions to be included in the formulation of the problem. The solutions of proposed fractionalequations are calculated in the form of convergent series with easily computable components. Also, we constructthe variational iteration formula and its convergence to the exact solution for solving system of fractional order differential equations. Some examples are solved as an illustration to the method, in order to show the accuracy of the method and comparison with results the exact solution for the given test problems, which are given for comparison purpose.

Let R be a ring with identity and M be an R-module with unity. In this paper we introduce the notion of C-coretractable modules. Some basic properties of this class of modules are investigated and some relationships between these modules and other related concepts are introduced. Also, we give the notion of strongly C-coretractable and study it comparison with C-coretractable

Inthis paper we will discuss the mixture distributionconsistingof two Inverse Exponential Distributions (MTIED) based on fuzzy data. We will study the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) via the Newton Raphson (NR) algorithm and Bayes estimation under square error loss and quadratic lossfunctions for the unknown parameters of the distribution, and reliability function. The obtained estimates of the unknown parameters and reliability function are comparednumerically through Monte-Carlo simulation study in term of the mean square error (MSE) values and (IMSE) respectively.

Let R be an associative ring withidentity,and let M be a unitary left R-module. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce and study properties of class of modules including lifting module. We use the Radical submodule to introduce this class of modules. We start by defining a generalized lifting module as a generalization of lifting module, then we give another generalization of generalized lifting module we called it cofinitely generalized lifting module. Thus, we give characterization and prove some properties of this type of modules.

In this work, we have studied a class of nonlinear Riccatidifferential equation which is used as mathematical models in many physically significant fields and applied science. The homotopy perturbation method, has been modified for solving generalized linear and nonlinear Riccati differential equation, which isa second-orderordinary differential equation. Also, we have tested the modified homotopy perturbation method on the solving of different implementations which are show the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method. The approximated solutions are agreed wel l with analytical solutions forth etested problems

This paper is devoted to introduce new concepts so called K(c)-space several various theorems about these concepts are provided In addition, further properties are studied such as the relationships between thos econcepts and other types of K(c)-space sare investigated

In this paper, the classical and pre-Lie Magnus expansions have been studied, discussing how one can find a recursion for the pre-Lie case which already incorporates the pre-Lie identity. Acombinatorial vision of a numerical method proposed by S. Blanes, F. Casas, and J. Ros in [4], has been given on a writing of the classical Magnus expansion in a free Lie algebra, using a pre-Lie structure

Throughout this work, we introduce some results of convergence, summable almost stability for s-iteration and Picard-Manniterationin Banach space with respect to an integral condition. Also, we study the equivalence between stability of these types of schemes

In this paper concerned with the solution of the nanoscale structures consisting of the ⁄with an effective mass envelope function theory, the electronic states of the ⁄quantum ring are studied.In calculations, the effects due to the different effective masses of electrons in and out the rings are included. The energy levels of the electron are calculated in the different shapes of rings, i.e., that the inner radius of rings sensitively change the electronic states. The energy levels of the electron are not sensitively dependent on the outer radius for large rings. The structures of ⁄quantum rings are studied by the one electronic band Hamiltonian effective mass approximation, the energy-and position-dependent on electron effective mass approximation, and the spin-dependent on the Ben Daniel-Duke boundary conditions. In the description of the Hamiltonian matrix elements, the Finite elements method with different basepiecewiselinear functionis adopted. The non-linear energy confinement problem is solved approximately by using the Finite elements method with piecewise linear function, to calculate the energy of the one electron states for the⁄quantum ring. The results of numerical example are compared for accuracy and efficiency with the finite element method of linear triangular element. This comparison shows that good results of numerical example

Anew graph, finite, simple, undirected and connected, is introduced named spinner graph, and denoted by. This paper includes a study of the domination number (domination, independent domination, total domination, connected domination, restrained domination and, bi-domination) in spinner graph.