JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE

This research studied, the effect of lanthanum oxide as a thermal barrier on the highly effective aluminization process of a nickel-base superalloy was studied. The aluminization process was carried out using the solid cementation method at a temperature of (1000oC) in a vacuum atmosphere and for Periods of (2, 4, 6) hours after stabilizing the thermal barrier material(lanthanum oxide) on the samples. It was observed that the rate of mass gained and the rate of thickness of the resulting coating increase with time until it reaches the saturation point and takes the form of a parabolic curve. Examination with a scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDS) of the surface of a sample painted for six hours showed the presence of a high percentage of aluminum of the element lanthanum in addition to other elements of the base alloy material, Optical microscope examination showed that the coating layers are composed of three multi-phase regions (the outer layer, the inner layer, and the Interdiffusion zone), while X-ray analyses showed presence of some phases with a high melting point, such as (LaNi5, Al2La, and NiAl), which reflected positively on the alloy's resistance to hot corrosion, evident through the stability in the mass of the coated samples after testing them at a temperature of (900oC) in the presence of salt vapor from a mixture of sodium sulphate and sodium chloride.

The present study involves an assessment of pollution through the impact of heavy metals in the waters of the 17 July estuaries, the Industrial zone on the left, Muthanna coasts, and the Nineveh Bridge of the Tigris River in Mosul city during October 2023 .Five samples were collected for each downstream; then, we calculated the average. The samples were used in the analysis of heavy metals elements Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), and Cobalt (Co). The results of the analysis showed the values of zinc concentrations ranging in the current study models (0.08-0.13 ppm) and they are within the permissible limits. Also, the values of copper concentrations ranged (0.028-0.166 ppm) and are within the permissible limits. Cobalt concentrations ranged from (0.61-0.91 ppm) and are outside the permissible limits. The values of iron concentrations ranged (0.29-0.41 ppm) and are within the permissible limits. As for the values of lead concentrations, the highest values were recorded in all regions, ranging from (0.49-0.93 ppm) and are outside the permissible limits. The values of the pH function ranged (6.74-7.12) and are within the permissible limits. The electrical conductivity values were very high, ranging from (690000-963000 μS.cm-1), which are outside the permissible limits.

The aim of this paper a prepare silver nanoparticles using the pulsed laser ablation method in liquid (PLAL). This method is considered unconventional, fast, clean, long-lasting, and non-toxic, using a Q-switched pulsed laser (1064 Nd: YAG) nanometers. With two ablation energies (300, 500 mJ) and a number of pulses (50, 100, 150, 200), the laser ablation process was carried out at room temperature, by immersing the metal in deionized water (distilled water) with (5 mL). After preparing the solutions, we noticed the change in the color of deionized distilled water increases with the number of pulses, this is a good indicator of the production of silver nanoparticles. The color of the solution ranges from pale yellow to dark yellow. The physical properties were analyzed by transmission electron microscope (TEM) at a pulse of 200 and were shown by this examination showed that there were nanoparticles in the prepared solutions of silver, and the results of the TEM images showed that at two energies (300, 500 mJ) spherical silver nanoparticles were obtained, from these images the diameters of nanoparticles were measured using the (ImageJ) program, it was shown that the diameter distribution range between (4.41 - 42.87 nm), which was approximately centered at (18.13) nm for silver, and at 500mJ laser power the diameter distribution range between (3.12- 26.60 nm), which was approximately centered at (16.67) nm for silver.

Background:Celiac disease is a genetic autoimmune disorder; children with celiac disease may have malabsorption, electrolytes and acid-base disturbance. Electrolytes like ( Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride) have an essential role in maintaining blood pressure. At the same time,bicarbonate and anion gap are the best ways to measure the body's acid-base balance.
Objective:The study aims to measure electrolytes (Sodium, Potassium,and Chloride) to determine the electrolyte disturbance and to measure the Bicarbonate and anion gap to determine the acid-base imbalance in the celiac disease group compared to the control group.
Methods:
Fifty children have been included in this study ( twenty untreated celiac disease and thirty control children). Three milliliters of venous blood samples were taken, Gold-top serum separator tubes were used to obtain the serum, then Sodium, Potassium, Chloride, and Bicarbonate were measured by kinetic method, and the anion gap was calculated using the equation:
Anion gap=[ (Sodium +Potassium) – (Chloride +Bicarbonate)]
Results: Patients with untreated celiac disease suffer from severe hyponatremia with mild hypochloremia (p values < 0.001, 0.023 ), respectively. However,neither Potassium andBicarbonate concentrations nor the Anion gap have been affected.
Conclusions: Acid-base imbalance and electrolyte disturbance didn’t usually occur in children with celiac disease who suffer from mild symptoms, while Sodium and Chloride concentrations decreased due to their loss through diarrhea.

Gene expression analysis is one of the most important tools for discovering the link between human disorders and the genes that control them. The primary purpose of this study is to identify the gene expression profile of antioxidant enzymes in healthy and aborted mothers. The study comprised fifty-five mothers who were admitted to Al-Khansa'a Hospital in Mosul City. Ten mothers were healthy and had normal births, while the remaining forty-five mothers were divided into four groups: women who had abortions, mothers who had normal deliveries but prior miscarriages, aborted women with hypertension, and aborted women without hypertension. Gene analysis of placentas and aborted foetuses was performed using quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR). In contrast to other mothers without hypertension and normal labour who had previously miscarried, as well as healthy mothers who had normal labour, the results showed significant variations in the gene expression profile of antioxidant enzymes, indicating highly down regulation of Glutathione Peroxidase, Superoxide Dismutase, and Catalase genes in the placenta tissues of aborted mothers with hypertension. According to their regulatory genes, mothers who have had abortions have higher oxidative stress due to downregulation of antioxidant gene expression. The placentas of hypertensive moms who had abortions showed reduced Glutathione Peroxidase, Superoxide Dismutase, and Catalase capabilities. Due to our outcomes, oxidative stress intensifies due to lower antioxidant enzyme activity in aborted moms with and without hypertension. Antioxidant enzymes are required during pregnancy to protect mothers from abortion, and they have been linked to miscarriages.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid, it’s noxious to human and experimental animals. Nowadays, Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are among the most widely used metal oxide nanoparticles in biological applications because of their cost-effectiveness and superior biocompatibility. Current research aims to assess ZnO-NPs protective effect against MSG-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats. In the present investigation, 16 female mature rats were randomly distributed over four groups. The rats of the first group were daily received 1 ml normal saline intraperitoneally, the rats of second group were administrated with 4 mg/kg MSG by gavage, the rats of third group were administrated with 10 mg/kg ZnO-NPs intraperitoneally, and the rats of fourth group were administrated with the mixture of the MSG/ZnO-NPs. After 14 days, all rats were weighed; then, the liver and kidneys were processed using histopathological techniques, and blood specimens were used for biochemical analysis. MSG generated various histological changes in liver tissues, including hepatocyte deterioration, inflammation, and vascular congestion.
Regarding the kidney, certain histological alterations, such as a contracted glomerulus, inflammatory infiltration, congestion, and tubule dilatation following MSG treatment, were detected. Regarding biochemical parameters, MSG elevated each AST, ALT, ALP, urea, and MDA level. More importantly, ZnO-NPs could decrease the negative influences of histological and biochemical changes that MSG causes in both the liver and kidney of rats. ZnO-NP therapy improved the aberrant histological changes in the liver and kidneys caused by MSG.

In today's academic environment, social media platforms, ResearchGate in particular, play an essential role in facilitating collaboration and communication among researchers. Even with the wide usage of this site, there remains a significant gap in the availability of structured datasets that focus on researchers and their academic outputs. This lack of accessible data obstructs comprehensive analysis and evaluation of research trends and impact. This study seeks to address this gap by employing web scraping techniques to construct a dataset derived from ResearchGate, a leading platform for academic professionals. The introduced dataset consists of eight key features, including metrics related to publications, citations, and areas of research specialization. The availability of such a dataset not only provides a valuable resource for future research but also enables scholars to analyze research performance, identify collaboration opportunities, and uncover trends in academic productivity. Beyond dataset construction, this paper also details the exploratory data analysis (EDA) conducted to derive insights from the collected data. The K-means clustering algorithm was applied to categorize researchers according to their publication and citation patterns, offering a clearer understanding of academic achievements. The main contribution of this work is the establishment of a researcher’s dataset that can be used in future studies to analyze and examine the efforts and trends of researchers in their scientific work.

The primary objective of this research is to introduce a novel type of generalized sets, which we have termed generalized αii-closed and generalized αii-open sets. The properties of these sets and their relationships with other types of sets have been rigorously investigated through a series of mathematical proofs, including, if is such that is a generalized closed set in , then is generalized closed set in relation to ), if are generalized closed sets, then so is their intersection, each generalized closed(open) set is a generalized closed(open) set, each generalized closed(open) set is a generalized closed(open) set, each semi-generalized closed(open) set is a generalized closed(open) set, a set in, is generalized open set when and if only if where is closed set within, if, wherein, is a generalized open set, then so is, and finally, If are generalized open sets, then so is their union.

A field experiment was conducted at the university of Kirkuk /college of agriculture/al_hawija during the winter season of 2021-2022. The objective knowledge effect of two planting dates (11/14 and 11/28) on some growth traits of three varieties of Broad Bean (local, Spanish, and holand Dolce star.(The experiment was Applied according to a completely randomized block design as a factorial experiment with three replicates. The studied Growth traits were plant height (cm), number of vegetative branches (branch.plant-1), number of leaves (leaf.plant-1), number of nodes (node.plant-1), and Phalangeal length (cm).The data were analyzed statistically and the results showed that significant differences between the planting date treatment, as the second date excelled in all the studied traits. It was also noted that significant differences between the varieties in all the studied traits, as the Dutch variety excelled in the two traits of plant height (42.83cm) and the Phalangeal length (7.07 cm), while the Spanish variety excelled in the number of leaves (25.00 leaf. plant-1) and the number of nodes (8.97 node​.plant-1), while the local variety excelled in the number of vegetative branches (6.93 branch. plant-1). The interaction between the study factors was significant for all the studied traits, as the Dutch variety excelled with the second planting date in the plant height (52.00 cm), while the Spanish variety excelled with the second planting date in the number of leaves (29.67 leaf.Plant-1) and the number of nodes (9.93 node.Plant-1) and the Phalangeal length (cm), while the local variety with the second planting date excelled in the number of vegetative branches (9.93 branch.Plant-1) and the Phalangeal length (7.63 cm), while the local variety with the second planting date excelled in the number of vegetative branches (7.00 branch.Plant-1).

The study was conducted in the Department of Biology / College of Education for Pure Sciences / University of Mosul , During the fall season to demonstrate the effect of exposing fenugreek plants Trigonella foenum-graecum L to different drought periods
(10 ,20) day and reducing the negative effects of drought by treating the soil with different levels of potassium (0.1 and 0.15 ) g/kg soil and hydrogel (8 and 10) g/kg soil , The study showed that exposing fenugreek plants to two drought periods, especially the 20-day drought period, led to a significant decrease in the concentration of total chlorophyll and carotene in the leaf tissues of the fenugreek plant, reaching (0,338) and (0,115) mg/g wet weight, respectively, compared to the control treatment, While it was observed that treating the soil with hydrogel at levels (8) and (10) g/kg soil led to an increase in the concentration of total chlorophyll, while treatment with potassium at concentrations (0,1) and (0,15) g/kg soil led to an increase in the concentration of total chlorophyll, A significant increase in total chlorophyll concentration, which reached 0,405 and 0,419 mg/g fresh weight, respectively, On the contrary, it was observed that there was a significant increase in the percentage of evidence of damage in the leaf tissues of fenugreek plants exposed to the two periods of drought 10 and 20 day , reaching (29,044) and (32,472)% compared to the control treatment, while there was a significant decrease in the percentage of evidence of damage in the leaf tissues of plants growing in the treated soil, With the gel and potassium, especially at the two concentrations (10) gm/kg soil and (0,15) gm/kg soil, which amounted to (21,618) and (21,476)%, respectively, compared to plants not treated with hydrogel and potassium, Exposing the plants to periods of drought led to a significant decrease in With the concentration of both calcium and magnesium, however, treating the soil with levels of hydrogel and potassium led to a significant increase in the concentration of the two elements in the plant compared to the control treatment.