AL-SSEBT JOURNAL

The studies on ethnic diversity and grouping are of great importance in our world, and at all levels. Ethnic studies are more profound and understandable if they are considered with anthropology methods and tools in terms of deep understanding, analysis and accuracy, especially as they are associated with the historical approach to the anthropological study of support and consolidation of field information.
The holy religious areas and their religious institutions have an importance no less than the study of ethnicities, so this study was a mixture of the two ethnic importance and religious institutions (Hawza) in the two holy cities of Najaf and Karbala). The diversity and history of the Pakistani delegations, and the Iraqi-Pakistani relations are specifically discussed as well.

In this research, we made a simplified extrapolation of the mothers of the infallible imams, peace be upon them, in Shiite thought, and we started with the chronological sequence: siren, zainah, al zahraah peace. A picture of Fatima, daughter of Al-Hassan, peace be upon him, the covenant of Imam Muhammad bin Ali Al-Hussein Al-Baqir, and Hamida Al-Mughrabi, Napata, the mother of Imam Musa Al-Kadhim, peace be upon him, and Fatima bint Al-Hussain, peace be upon him, Al-Qasim bin Muhammad bin Abi Bakr, Umm Farwa, the mother of Imam Al-Sadiq.In the Abbasid era, Mrs. Tiktum or Khayzran, the mother of Imam Reza, peace be upon them, and Mrs. Sabeeka the Nubian, the mother of Imam Muhammad al-Jawad, peace be upon them, and Mrs. Samana al-Maghrebi or Jumana, the mother of Imam Ali al-Hadi, peace be upon them, and Mrs. Hadith or Sawsan al-Maghrebi, the mother of Imam Hassan al-Askari, peace be upon them both, and Mrs. Narges Umm Imam Muhammad bin Al-Hassan Al-Mahdi, peace be upon them, and the sources did not help us to delve into more information about these women, whether about their lives, their death, or the place of their burial.

This research deals with voicemaker and its impact on the construction of the physical engagement text, and the research plan has been required to be in four investigations: Seasoning language and different, prompt, parents, and parallel, and between the research on the ability of Mrs. Zahra (peace be upon them) on the creativity The vocal passages of the honorable sermon, so the sermon passages came coherent and coherent by means of its reliance on synthetic tools in the light of which she (peace be upon her) was able to make the text linked in its sentences and passages, just as Lady Al-Zahra, peace be upon her, chose the expressive and suggestive word when eloquently and their analogue is less than its counterpart. Our Noble Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family), and the Prince of Eloquence, Eloquence and Statement, Imam Ali (peace be upon him), so she rose with her methods and eloquence to the level of eloquence; As she made the words expressive despite the situation in which the mind is far from sanity and contemplation, she came up with sentences and phrases at the top of wisdom and science. The assonance also achieved a unified rhythm free of affection, characterized by smoothness, vocal sequence and rhythmic harmony. It has a lot of influential rhythmic harmony, and the depth of the tonal structure generated by assonance and alliteration of its different types, and it had a great impact in conveying feelings and sensations, clarifying the meaning and influencing the recipients.

Our current research seeks to study the hadiths and sayings contained in the book Life of Spirits and Mishkat al-Misbah by Sheikh al-Kaf’ami (d. 905 AH), one of the prominent figures of Karbala in the ninth century AH and his books dealing with the Karbala’i heritage. The advantage of this book is that it is one of the important books that deals with the meanings of The words are like the objective lexicon that the Arabs organized in the form of small specialized letters that were composed of plants, horses, horses, camels, trees and the creation of man. Judgment, lessons, hadiths and sayings are in addition to various other information. Sometimes he refers to specific individuals such as (Prophets: Abraham, Job, David, Yusuf, Jesus, Muhammad, Suleiman ... etc. - may God’s peace be upon them) or Ahl al-Bayt such as (Ali, al-Hasan, Zain al-Abidin, al-Baqir, al-Sadiq Al-Kazim, Al-Ridha (peace be upon them) and companions such as (Ibn Abbas, Abdullah H bin Masoud, and Jaber bin Abdullah (may God be pleased with them) or the wise men mentioned in the Qur’an such as (Luqman) and the great Arabs and scholars such as (Al-Jahiz, Al-Asma’i, Ibn Salam, Ibn Sirin, Zaid bin Arqam) and Kings of the country, loyalists, historians, or modernists such as (Kusraw, Mutrif, Kashajim, ascetic, Hormuz, bedouin, philosopher, wise, al-Mamoun, Juha, Anusharwan, Alexander, Ibn Amer, Yahya al-Barmaki, al-Qunai, al-Jammaz, and it may appear (in The Torah (... etc.) and thus we find in this book different personalities that are not organized by a specific classification or collector or arrangement, so they are among narrators, kings, modernists, or historians, and sometimes we find in it general hadiths such as (some knowledgeable, some wise, some scholars The sages of the Arabs, some of them were asked, the people of experience, or references to a specific symbol with the name of knowledge (such as Hurra bin Sulaym, which is a certain land).

The research focuses on finding a linguistic approach to phonemic qualities between the linguists (ancient and modern) and the scholars on one hand, and with Ibn Arabi on the other hand, showing how Ibn Arabi dealt with adjectives and whether phoneticians agreed or disagreed with them in using the term adjectives, eliciting a model for the characteristics of amplifying sounds, stating how he dealt with them in his study and analysis, identifying their relationship to the unity of existence for him, and concluding to which worlds they belong. This research is an attempt to find out answers to those questions.

The research dealt with technology and climatic data and their impact on the design and planning of buildings for the city of Karbala, which differ in their urban uses, in particular (residential and commercial), most of which were affected by environmental factors. The one as this difference stems from the nature of the geographical area of the building, especially the cladding of the facades of buildings, including (reinforced concrete, glass, aluminum, prefabricated iron sections, drywall values, AliExpress…etc.) in addition to the nature of the building and the its uses, as construction began in this city takes a new turn in the design, especially in buildings that have been developed outside the boundaries of the old city and construction were the designs prepared by engineers mostly influenced by British engineering construction, planning and began planning the new areas in Karbala to stay away from the narrow alleys and roads twisted, which has characterized the old areas and city centers, especially in the areas around al rawdatain, although there are technology on the ground, but the city has lost its traditional architectural identity as a city that has its own ancient local identity as a result of the use of modern building materials that do not correspond to and harmonize with the specificity of the region and its environmental reality.

The current study aims to determine the role of spiritual leadership as an independent variable in enhancing and its impact on sustainable organizational performance as a dependent variable according to the opinions of a sample of employees of the Imam Hussainiya Holy Shrine. altruism, meaning, membership) The sustainable organizational performance was measured in three sub-dimensions which are (environmental axis, economic axis, social axis) The study population included (Human Resources Department and Human Resources Development Department) in the holy Husseiniya shrine in Karbala governorate, and the study sample amounted to (137) individuals working in the shrine, as the questionnaire was used as a main tool in collecting data and information for the study sample member For the purpose of data analysis and statistical processing, the researcher relied on a set of statistical methods available in the two programs (SpSS V.24: Amos V.23) Several conclusions were reached through the study, the most important of which was (that the variable of spiritual leadership improves and supports the role of sustainable organizational performance, and the impact of spiritual leadership on organizational performance). The Holy Hussainiya grants confidence to the employees and workers at the threshold and works to lift barriers between them by taking their opinions and suggestions and participating in decision-making).

Architecture has secrets, and one of the secrets of architecture is the architectural elements of the holy shrines in the Islamic world. And the story of Islamic architecture glows in its folds with the holy Husseiniya shrine, why not, and it includes the remains of the greatest personality in ancient and modern history over the years, the grandiose Qajar architecture, which embodies in it the spirit of creativity and dedication to Muslim architecture and loyalty to his nation, so this highness came with one of the important architectural elements that refer to sublimity and sublimity. The lofty domes were covered with decorations overlapping with the enamel with the same geometric and different shapes of plants of seven colors, as were the ceilings of the arcades, the oases, and the holy kindergarten. And when we talk about this element, we must refer to The history of the Husseini shrine and the history of its architectural elements. As it is known, the architectural elements are the same for all the holy shrines. The Husseini shrine was distinguished by these elements. There are the old buildings of the shrine, which include the holy kindergarten, the corridors, the courtyard and the dome, as well as the modern buildings, namely the new expansion of the shrine, including the encapsulation of the honorable Husseini court with mirrors and faience decorations. And the glazed in it.

The research aims to assess the efficiency of health services in the city based on a number of local planning standards in force in Iraq, and the efficiency of the hospital service was found according to some local planning standards, while others of the standards were low, and as for the standards used to trim the efficiency of primary health centers In the city, the efficiency of service has decreased, as some health centers suffer from a clear shortage in the number of medical and health cadres, as some of them were exceed on the standards, in addition to the lack of hospital space currently available in the city, apart from the size of the primary health centers compared to the local planning standards.

The current project aims to reveal the difficulties in applying E learning.
The current project aims to reveal the difficulties in applying E learning during the spread of corona virus and its relationship with academic boom of high school students.
The research sample consists of 400 students (boys and girls) distributed into 12 school for the school year 2020-2021 which got tested in a simple random way. The researcher prepared a questionnaire for students composed of 23 part divided into three areas with five alternatives. Also she developed a academic boom measurement for the students in its three areas which consisted of 21 part with five alternatives.
After making honesty, constancy, and Psychometric facts for both tools which got applied to the project sample. The results showed that high school students have difficulty in application of E learning to its minimum.
It also showed the presence in difficulty levels For the benefit of women and human verification. Also the results showed that the individual sample had the boom academy for high meaning.
It Shows that there are significant differences and Statistically significant in favor of males and Scientific specialization. Also there is a associative between difficulty in applying E learning and the academic buoyancy to the research sample individuals. In addition to the presence of differences In the strength of the relationship in favor of scientific males.
The differences between scientific females and human females did not appear. Based on these results, the researcher made some suggestions and recommendations

This research aims to test the effect of differentiation in the relationship between leader and follower, which is a one-dimensional variable in organizational commitment with its dimensions (emotional commitment, continuous commitment, normative commitment) through a random sample of faculty members in college departments at the University of Karbala using a set of tools and statistical methods Including the arithmetic mean, standard deviation and correlation coefficient (Pearson) through statistical programs (SPSS V. 25) and (SMART PLS,3). Where the represented The problem of the research in the presence of differentiation between the leader (the head of the department) and the faculty members may reflect negatively or positively on their organizational commitment. The importance of this research is to contribute to the development of a culture of deal between the department head and faculty members through the differentiation that the department head makes based on competence and trust. The data were collected from the field reality by relying on the main data collection tool (the questionnaire), as 81 questionnaires were distributed and examined through the stability of internal consistency, index stability, convergent validity and discriminatory validity. Through the results of the statistical analysis of the responses of the research sample, it was found that the differentiation in the relationship between the leader and the follower positively affects the organizational commitment.

The present study deals with the relation between the two main research variables, namely; empowerment and efficiency of performance, with knowing the impact of empowering workers in the development and success of organizations. The questionnaire represents the main tool of the research, which is distributed to a random sample consisting of 40 people working in the presidency of Karbala University. One of the most important conclusions which has been found is the existence of a relationship between the empowerment of employees and the efficiency of performance Therefore, the University of Karbala pays attention to the idea of empowering employees because of the positive impact on the behavior and performance of employees and , as a result, its favorable outcome on the success and development of the University. One of the most important recommendations is to encourage departments to adopt this method so as to increase the desire of employees to work overcome problems that can be exposed to and being resolved without resorting to senior management.

The friend Fatima, the Lady of the Women of the Worlds, peace be upon her, was singled out for a distinguished position in Islamic thought, as she left a clear impact on the spans of time and place. As their pens and minds took it and toured and prayed in the fields of her life that despite its shortness, its echo has filled the world since its dawn, which did not fade with her departure, but increased brighter and clearer, and every searcher of her essence was perplexed in the greatness of her position and the majesty of her destiny.
Among them is the author and preacher al-Muqarram, for whom the title “The Death of al-Sidiqah al-Zahra’, peace be upon her” was chosen, which at first glance suggests that it will be specific to the events of her death. However, the reader of the book finds that he has dealt with the details and aspects of her life, and even singled out titles to talk about her before her birth, as he may have chosen topics from her biography to include in his book as introductions before he delves into the events of her death and her departure from the world.