Dijlah Journal

The famous British writer Charlotte Bronte’s novel Jane Eyre shows us an alternative foreign female image. She is completely different from the image of women that are shown in previous literary work. She looks ordinary. She is short and has humble and miserable life experiences. However, she makes her independent personality by her tenacity and keeps unremitting efforts always. She dares to resist oppression, require independence and freedom, and seek after equal spirit. Therefore, Jane Eyre is a qualitative leap in the image of women in foreign literature. This paper will show readers Jane Eyre’s independent and equal personality. The heroine Jane Eyre is a warm-hearted person, and she has a lot of personal ideas. She lives at the bottom of the society and has suffered a lot. But she’s very stubborn, and she always pursues equality and happiness. She dares to love the one she loves, although there is a wild gap between their social statuses. But she won’t be controlled by love, she won’t marry her lover without any acceptance in law, and she won’t marry her cousin just for gratitude. Many readers are touched by Jane Eyre’s attitude toward love and Jane’s principled marriage view. As for Jane Eyre, it was a successful novel absolutely. This novel uses rich lyrical craft and deep psychological description to give us the fascinating demonstration of the hero and heroine through the ups and downs of their love story and praise the spirit for daring to break away from all the old customs and prejudices.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, irrigation projects began in Iraq. Although there are currently seven large dams in this country, there has recently been a ministerial request to build the eighth large dam, or Makhool Dam. Unfortunately, ambiguity is the predominant feature regarding cases or events of Makhool Dam. In this paper, a review is presented as an answer to a number of questions regarding the above dam.

Corrosion is the gradual breakdown of metals and alloys. It's a major issue in both the private and public sectors, and we need to start working on it right away. Industries as varied as oil and gas, food processing, pharmaceuticals, shipping, automotive, aerospace, and more regularly experience losses on par with or greater than those described. To prevent corrosion from occurring in the first place, scientists are continuously improving corrosion-resistant materials and processes. To prevent corrosion from occurring in the first place, scientists are continuously improving corrosion-resistant materials and processes. Several methods for preventing rusting are currently available. When comparing the various methods of corrosion prevention, corrosion inhibitors are widely regarded as the most functional and cost-effective option. Because of the problems caused by conventional, harmful corrosion inhibitors, eco-friendly, cheap, readily available, biodegradable alternatives are urgently needed. Here The use of naturally occurring plant inhibitors has the potential to vastly increase both corrosion resistance and process efficiency. They pose no risk to human health or the environment, may be implemented with little to no financial outlay, and are adaptable to a broad variety of settings and materials. In this review, we analyzed the corrosion problem in the industrial sector, why plant-extracted inhibitors are a viable alternative to other options, how plant-extracted inhibitors function and impact metals, and where improvements can be made using plant-extracted inhibitors to keep or reduce the corrosion problem in the industrial sector. Several plant species are mentioned in relation to their potential use as corrosion inhibitors due to the presence of several naturally occurring phytochemicals in these plants. The current review not only discusses and defines the existing state and potential for utilizing plant extracts as corrosion inhibitors, but it also outlines the problems associated with such utilization.

Powders of alloys of hydroxyapatite (Ag-HAP), (Cu-HAP), and (Cu/Ag-HAP) were created by employing hydroxyapatite as a starting material and co-substituting it with silver and/or copper. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to characterize the alloys after they were produced using the ultrasonic irradiation method. In this study, the ultrasonic irradiation approach was used to effectively synthesis HAP, Ag -HAP, and Cu/Ag-HAP powders. This process is straightforward and inexpensive. XRD testing of silver and/or copper doped HAp samples confirmed the presence of nano-sized particles with a consistent chemical makeup. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination showed that the hydroxyapatite (HAp) annealed at 400 °C formed a hexagonal structure, with a little shift in the primary peak location toward lower angles due to the addition of silver. Depending on the Ca/P ratio, this research shows that silver and copper ions may be integrated into the hydroxyapatite crystal during mineralization, providing us with functional groups of calcium-phosphate apatite. Crystallinity, lattice properties, and crystal size all varied as a result of the silver and copper content swap, as evidenced by the XRD technique.

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most expected infections caused by bacteria during pregnancies. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the preponderance of UTIs, risk factors, and susceptibility to antibiotics amongst pregnant women in Telafer City. Patients and methods: The research study comprised 110 pregnant women made from hospitals and women's medical clinics in Tal Afar, as well as 55 non-pregnant women (control). The ages of pregnant women were recorded, as well as the period of pregnancy, number of births, degree of education, and place of living. Clean midstream urine specimens were taken and analyzed for UTI microscopically and cultivation on different media, and then we accomplished sensitivity treatment for the bacteria isolated utilizing a range of antimicrobial agent.
UTI has been observed in pregnant women 60% of and non-pregnant women 20%. There existed also significant occurrences of UTI infection in the first trimester (31.82%) and second trimester (50%), whereas those in the age group 36- 40 years in the third trimester of pregnancy had the smallest percentage of circumstances infestation (18.18%). The current study found that pregnant women in their second trimester had a heightened percentage of UTI infection (50%). There was a high rate of urinary tract infection that occurs among pregnant women who have one child (54.5%). The percentage showed the smallest of infestation in pregnant women who had > 4 children, with a percentage of 10.6%. The bacteria that were isolated the most commonly were E. coli (68.18%) compelling UTI. Almost over 70% of all isolated Gram-negative organisms showed resistance against third-generation cephalosporins, ampicillin, tetracycline, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. This study highlight the importance of scanning all gestation women for serious UTI situations so that those diagnosed can be treated with medications to limit the detrimental effects on the health of the two the mother and baby.

The research problem is based on the random and often ill-considered spread of billboards in Baghdad, which leads to the distortion of both the advertisement and the place simultaneously, and the loss of each of their functions. The research aims, through the presented problem, to evaluate and study the spatial distribution of outdoor advertising billboards on buildings and streets, and to activate the role of remote sensing technologies to arrive at a successful formula that achieves both the functional and aesthetic values ​​​​of outdoor advertising. The researcher relied on a descriptive, analytical, experimental approach, based on the researcher's experience and an analytical, deductive methodology, on a sample of (503) outdoor billboards with official licenses issued by the relevant government departments. The research reached important results, including the imbalance in the distribution of outdoor billboards and their concentration exclusively in the heart of Baghdad, without any consideration for the presence of residents outside the geographical advertising focus, and the use of multiple digital technologies in the design of a single advertisement has negative results linked to the lack of cognitive familiarity with the attraction and repulsion of these technologies, especially with regard to images and drawings.

one of the social phenomena in our Islamic societies is the “multiple divorces” phenomenon, and the consequent lawsuits between spouses in order to fulfill their rights; Including the issue of \"paying the dowry\", which has become a social dilemma. This paper, dealt with the provisions related to the term (payment of the dowry) by researching and studying within the folds of jurisprudence sources and the Iraqi Personal Status Law No. 188 of 1959, which aim to put a good beginning in the path of developing and finding legitimate and legal solutions.

A case goes through numerous procedures and stages, in accordance with all the principles and legal guidelines. Consequently, these investigation-related procedures have taken center stage in criminal proceedings. The established principle in most contemporary legislation is that each judicial body possesses numerous characteristics and features that distinguish it from others. These laws share a common denominator: they seek to achieve criminal justice, protect communities from crime and criminals, and address their danger. Numerous legal procedures governed by procedural criminal law must be followed to determine how to proceed with an investigation in accordance with legal principles and guidelines. Consequently, criminal procedures related to the preliminary investigation have taken center stage, as they are the first criminal procedure undertaken regarding a committed crime, establishing the perpetrator's actions based on the circumstances of the incident, and then prosecuting them for their actions. Although the application of the principle of separation of powers of prosecution and investigation is one of the fundamental principles established in contemporary judicial systems, as these legislations have assigned the issue of conducting investigations to many of the investigative authorities that have been addressed by the procedural criminal law. Iraqi legislation is one of the legislations that enjoys self-sufficiency, and according to it, many of the investigative powers in these legislations are assigned to the investigating judge, in addition to many of the authorities authorized to conduct the preliminary investigation. In contrast, the Egyptian legislator’s plan is based on not having a permanent and continuous investigating judge, but rather appointing him for the purpose of conducting the investigation, if there is a necessity that requires it. The reason for this lies in the fact that the Egyptian legislator has assigned the Public Prosecution the authority to conduct the preliminary investigation, especially since the Public Prosecution combines the functions of investigation and accusation, whether in felonies or misdemeanors. As an exception to this, the investigation is undertaken by a judge, whether in felonies or misdemeanors, and is based on procedures and controls included in the provisions of the Egyptian Criminal Procedure Code.

Cities flourish and civilize as their urbanization increases, their urbanization increases, their culture and awareness increase, and with the brilliance of a number of buildings that give an impression of the city, its society, and the extent of urbanization in it. This is why a number of scientific, artistic, and crafts professions have emerged in most of the cities of the world that are interested in this, with the presence of engineering touches and the presence of Iraqi female engineers who have entered
These cities and they left their mark on the history of these cities, by forming a number of ideas, professions and buildings with distinctive designs referred to as buildings. In this research, a number of female engineers are included who raised the name of Iraq with work and creativity after the marginalization and failure to embrace this creativity in Iraqi cities. It has emerged in other cities. These works have culminated in modern technologies that have expanded and benefited from the approach taken to activate the principles of sustainability to protect the environment in all its components. It requires Iraqi society to give the opportunity to Iraqi women, support their creativity in all aspects of life, and support ideas and projects that embody ideas and studies to create a safe and comfortable environment for the city.

Science throughout the ages is the measure of nations and the balance of civilization, and science is always the basis of progress and prosperity in civilizations, so the Greeks were famous for philosophy and wisdom, the Indians were famous for medicine, the Chinese for herbs, and the Egyptians for medicine, engineering and construction, to other civilizations that became famous in those eras and eras, and from here begins the development of the historical concept and that cultural heritage that enriched civilizations with that great legacy, We see the Egyptians built the pyramids and inscribed on their walls and temples the most wonderful pictures and dated those periods, and we see the ancient man has dated that period with his creativity with the nature in which he lived, where he adapted it to serve his ideas and creativity, where he painted everything in caves and caves, on the walls and on the mountains to depict his daily and ordinary life.
The research aims to identify the cultural and civilizational heritage through historical eras.
The researchers followed the historical approach by looking at the main sources that researched cultural history as well as literature that dealt with civilization and art through historical eras.The results of the research depend on analysis and conclusion to describe the siege and cultural heritage through the ages, including:
Bronze Age: The invention of writing. The existence of states and kingdoms. The presence of palaces and the development of art and decoration from the third millennium BC. The Mari civilization has many paintings and a great cultural heritage that documented everything (battles, celebrations, weddings). And Assyrian times where they decorated the floors with mosaic. The Iron Age in which the arts turned into an era of cultural prosperity of all kinds, from painting, sculpture, writing, other sciences and knowledge, down to the Islamic ages, Arab civilization, Islamic eras, Arab civilization, the Renaissance and the modern era since the beginning of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

Remote sensing is a coherent complex that includes computer components, programs, and spatial and non-spatial information bases ready for analysis and presentation. The research answered the main question about the features and capabilities that remote sensing provides for the development of media institutions, as well as sub-questions about the skills provided by remote sensing technology and what It contains reliable tools for the technical and administrative development of the media institution.
The first section consists of the methodology and the most important goals and questions presented in it using a descriptive and analytical approach. The second section contains ways to develop the administrations of media institutions and the obstacles facing this development. The third section is the practical framework for the applied aspect of remote sensing techniques in media work.
The researcher reached important results through remote sensing, which makes it easier for the media administration to determine the locations of events and enhance media coverage of these events, analyze the location and identify areas that need media coverage or analyze the target audience of the media institution, track reporters and media centers and determine their possible presence, and all The above are scientific steps that can be implemented and the desired achievement for media management.

This study is concerned with (electronic defamation) as the most important and famous electronic crime at the present time, due to what has been produced by modern technical developments and the Internet as a communication environment with privacy compared to the traditional communication context, which led to the emergence of several problems about unifying the concept and adjusting legal standards that are in line with the nature of its elements. , and its impact on social life and ways to combat it.
And since defamation is considered a real and serious crime, indictments and penalties have been enacted for it and penalties imposed on its perpetrator, while the perpetrator intended to inflict physical, psychological, or social harm.

The subject of psychological empowerment is of great importance in a way that helps them lead organizations and look forwardto the future to serve as the basis for identifying and exploiting available opportunities in a way that enhances dynamic capabilities and proves a better position among competitors by achieving sustainable success amonginstitutions.
Research Purpose: The research started from a key question: \"To what extent does psychological empowerment contribute to enhancing the dynamic capabilities of the research institution?.
Research sample: The research sample consisted of (73) workers in the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs related to diagnosing the extent to which the research organization relies on the role of psychological empowerment in enhancing dynamic capabilities, a questionnaire was distributed to them that included (32) items, and the statistical tool package was used to analyze the data using the adoption of (SPSS). Vr.23
Research Approach: The analytical approach was used, which seeks to study psychological empowerment (independent variable) in four dimensions (meaning, sufficiency, independence, impact) in addition to four dimensions representing the dependent variable Dynamic capabilities are (sensing capabilities, learning abilities, integration abilities , coordination abilities)
Research objective: It is to identify the role of psychological empowerment in enhancing dynamic capabilities in the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, and the researcher reached through many relevant studies to formulate hypotheses in order to determine the level of relationship and influence betweenthem.
Results : The research hypotheses were proven by the existence of correlation and influence relationships, and the research concluded that the research institution applies psychological empowerment, which in turn creates great capabilities that affect its work through sensing, learning, integration and coordination, especially as it continues its work in a sector witnessing more competition, in return recommendations were made in line with the reality of the conclusions.