magazine aldhakwat albedh

Ideas intersect and one is influenced by the other in order to come up with productive solutions for the educational process. It has been said that thinking before speaking is silent speech and speaking is speaking out loud. The research aimed to know the importance of differentiated education for primary school students through activities and interaction within the classroom. It aims to raise the level of students who face problems in Collection It is a school policy that takes into account the individual’s characteristics and previous experiences, and its goal is to increase the student’s potential and abilities. The basic point in this policy is: teachers’ expectations of students, and their attitudes toward their potential and abilities. It aims to provide an educational environment suitable for everyone.

The in-depth analysis of the communicative structure in the Qur’anic discourse constitutes an important theme in communicative linguistic studies as a divine discourse characterized by the power of influence and the ability to persuade its recipients; and the attempt to fathom this discourse is only evidence of its miraculousness; including the argumentative mechanisms used in the Qur’anic dialogue; which aim to achieve persuasion for the addressee as well as direct him; and argumentative links are one of the most important mechanisms; as they contribute to the logical connection between the argument and the result, which enhances the effectiveness of the discourse and achieves its communicative goals in a persuasive process, and this research seeks to study and analyze these argumentative links in the context of one of the Qur’anic surahs, by clarifying the communicative and argumentative techniques used in it, while clarifying their effect in achieving the persuasive and directive goals of the Qur’anic discourse. The study came in two parts: the first is the theoretical framework, and the second is the applied framework.

Contemporary Iraqi plastic art is the legitimate and authentic heir to the creativity of the ancient Iraqi civilizations, Sumer, Babylon and Akkad. The Baghdad Modern Art Group is an Iraqi art group that was founded in Baghdad by a number of pioneers of Iraqi art in 1951. It took upon itself the task of reviving the Iraqi heritage. A group of Iraqi plastic artists, architects and artists joined it later. After its emergence, the group became a center of intellectual radiation for Iraqi artists.

The current research aims to identify the effect of the required separation strategy on the achievement of second-grade middle school students in the subject of social studies and reflective thinking. The sample of the current research was determined by second-grade middle school students in the third Rusafa Education School, affiliated with Baghdad Governorate for the academic year (2024 - 2025). Second-grade middle school students were selected in (Afaq) Middle School for Boys to be its students as a research sample intentionally. Two halls were selected from a total of four halls of second-grade middle school students, one of the two groups is experimental and the other is control. The research sample amounted to 67 students, with 33 students in the experimental group and 34 students in the control group. The researcher rewarded the two research groups in variables (the chronological age of fathers and mothers, previous year›s grades). The achievement test was also prepared, as 50 paragraphs were formulated in a manner consistent with the content of the material and behavioral purposes (remembering, understanding, applying). The reflective thinking test was prepared by the researcher, which is reflective thinking, which consisted of 26 paragraphs. The data were analyzed and processed statistically. By adopting the statistical program (21.SPSS.V). The results showed that students in the experimental group who were taught using the flipped classroom strategy outperformed students in the control group who were taught using the normal method in reflective thinking tests, which prompted the researcher to recommend the necessity of Adopting the flipped classroom strategy in teaching social studies because of its positive impact on increasing reflective thinking among students. In order to verify the research objective, the researcher developed the following urban hypothesis:
1-There are no statistically significant differences at the significance level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who study according to the flipped classroom strategy, and the scores of the control group who study according to the traditional method in achievement.
2-There is no statistically significant difference at the level (0.005) between the average scores of the experimental group students who study using the flipped classroom strategy and the average scores of the control group students who study using the traditional method in reflective thinking.

The books of the Old Testament are shrouded in ambiguity and great ambiguity, to the point that the Jews themselves paid attention to that ambiguity and generality and their questions seemed to be raised openly. We do not find a book that did not differ in its writing and source, and we can summarize the summary of what we reached in this research as follows:
No heavenly book has been subjected to distortion, distortion, ambiguity, and obscurity to the extent that the Jewish books of the Old Testament and the Torah were subjected to it, as only its name remained of it, and the Torah (the Pentateuch), which is the most important and famous book of the Old Testament to the Jews, was not free from suspicion and hesitation. To the extent that it is not known who wrote the Pentateuch, and who wrote it. Their scholars have repeatedly acknowledged throughout history that the Bible was distorted and its versions and number of books changed, as a result of the crises and displacement to which the Jewish people were exposed, and their influence by paganism and neighboring cultures.
In addition to the fact that some Jewish sects do not recognize many of the books currently known, especially the Catholic ones, and that the distortion and distortion of the Jewish books, by their scholars, was intentional, in order to fit with their new beliefs, which they acquired under the influence of neighboring cultures, from paganism and ancient civilizations, so they did not The Holy Book is unable to stand firm and defend itself, before human society, because of the narrow-mindedness and extremism of its contents, and its unsuitability for time, innovation, and modernity, because it lacks the elements of progress that suit the human mind.
The simple reader of the Jewish books realizes that they are stories, visions, and human products, and do not express the visions and heavenly legislation. Just as the difference in versions is evidence of fabrication and falsification, these books are full of indecent and insulting words to the Wise Creator, His ability, the breadth of His knowledge, and His creativity.
Not one of the books of the Old Testament is devoid of ambiguity, hesitation, generality, and clear logical and mental violations. They are books whose contents do not live up to human speech, and are not suitable for comparison with heavenly books such as the Holy Qur’an, in terms of content, expression, credibility, and objectivity. Yes, there are some attempts, by Jewish scholars in recent times, to correct some of the concepts of the Scriptures that relate to monotheism and the doctrinal aspect, after the many criticisms to which the Scriptures were subjected, from near and far, which prompted some recent scholars to correct some of the concepts of the Torah.

The disciplinary accountability of the physician represents the steps that must be followed to verify the professional error attributed to the physician in preparation for making the appropriate decision in terms of procedures for imposing a disciplinary penalty against him, from the moment he commits the disciplinary violation until the ruling is issued. These procedures are governed by various and diverse rules that, in their entirety, aim to control the disciplinary accountability process and determine its correct course by adhering to the restrictions stipulated in the law that regulate this accountability. At the forefront of these procedures in terms of importance and which represent the most effective guarantee for protecting the physician is the necessity of defining professional violations and the disciplinary penalties prescribed for them in written laws and rules. The imposition of the disciplinary penalty should also be preceded by guarantees that ensure the physician’s rights.

It is not surprising for researchers that the concept has played a clear role in expressing Sufi thought in Islam, which has led ancients and contemporaries to give the concept study and research to clarify its meanings and implications, whether in linguistic dictionaries or in Sufi and philosophical dictionaries, to document it on the one hand, and to clarify its position in expressing thought on the other hand.
Based on this idea and to consolidate it, we have addressed the concepts of majesty and beauty, to know their implications in Sufi thought in an introduction that constitutes a necessary introduction to delve into them in the chapters and discussions of our thesis.

This research examines the concept of visions (Ru›ya) in the Quran from the perspective of Shia Imami theology, aiming to analyze Quranic texts related to visions and explore their interpretations within Shia thought. The study focuses on the significance of visions as a means of divine guidance and a tool for understanding spiritual matters.
Visions have garnered considerable attention from scholars and exegetes due to their spiritual implications and divine directives. The Quran refers to visions as a medium for divine guidance and instruction, particularly in the context of prophets receiving religious obligations and rulings. Visions are defined as what a person sees during sleep or similar states, such as unconsciousness, and are categorized into three types: true visions from God, which carry glad tidings or warnings and are truthful with interpretable meanings; self-reflections that mirror daily concerns and hold no special significance; and satanic whispers aimed at causing distress.
The research highlights the significance of visions in the narrations of Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), where hadiths elucidate their importance and classifications. It also delves into the story of Prophet Ibrahim’s (peace be upon him) vision, which carries the meaning of divine revelation, as the visions of prophets are considered truthful divine messages. In Ibrahim’s story, the vision serves as a test of complete submission to God’s command, as Ibrahim prepared to fulfill what he saw, underscoring the symbolism and profound meanings of visions. This story serves as a practical example of how prophets dealt with visions as divine messages carrying lessons and meanings for humanity. Thus, the research sheds light on the spiritual and interpretive dimensions of visions as presented in Quranic texts and the teachings of Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them).

The use of symbols in poetry is an important phenomenon in modern poetry, as it is one of the serious techniques in achieving the poets› goal. Symbolic employment represents a departure from the familiar and prevailing, and a departure from directness, as it gives the text the ability to amaze, helps in poetic condensation, and adds something of mystery and depth, which prompted modern poets to employ it on a wide scale because of its ability to explode the semantic energy of meaning, and then convey ideas according to the poet›s vision, and we find it present in all literary trends and schools. Therefore, many poets of free verse and prose poetry resorted to employing the Western symbol in their poems, such as (Al-Sayyab, Al-Bayati, Buland Al-Haidari, Sargon Boulos, Fadhel Al-Azzawi, Khazal Al-Majidi, Hashim Shafiq, etc.), despite the differences in their poetic generations and the nature of each one’s experience. The aim of the research is to clarify the main purpose of employing the Western literary symbol between free verse and prose poetry for selected models of Iraqi poets, to know the nature of the explanation, its method and purpose, and to show what the effect of this symbol is in each of the two styles, to arrive at a statement revealing the precise details of each of these poets. Therefore, the descriptive analytical approach was followed in the research, to clarify to us through the dissection and analysis of the texts the nature of the employment and its type.

This research is about the distant opinion in grammatical criticism, which examines the distant opinion in light of meaning, and it is divided into three sections.
The first section: The form (sh-tan) in the language from the perspective of what grammarians have established. The second section: Research on the preposition (lam) after the verb “to obey.” The third section: The parsing and construction of the verb attributed to the dual alif and confirmed by the nun of emphasis preceded by the jussive.
Fourth topic: The present tense based on the feminine pronoun ya’ and preceded by the jussive particle (Either) and confirmed by the nun of emphasis. In the conclusion, we discussed the most important results reached by the research.

The research aims to identify the role of educational and pedagogical institutions in preventing crimes as the variables and requirements of the current era accelerate, and with the spread of modern means and means of communication that are not limited by borders, the role of educational institutions increases and their clear importance in shaping, building and immunizing society from every danger surrounding them and every scourge that threatens their lives and every challenge they face becomes clear, although their immunization and protection from scourges and risks is considered a different task from the main role and basic function of education, which includes scientific and cognitive material in educational institutions in Iraq. There are many challenges in maintaining a safe and supportive environment for the teaching and learning processes, which necessitates shedding light on the criminal policy followed in this regard. The crimes witnessed by these institutions vary, these crimes do not only affect the direct victims, but their effects extend to the entire educational process, and undermine the efforts made to achieve the desired educational goals. This study seeks to analyze the Iraqi criminal policy towards these various crimes, and evaluate its effectiveness in deterring and combating them. The analysis is not limited to legal texts only, but also addresses the challenges facing the application of these laws on the ground, and reveals the gaps that need to be radically addressed to improve the criminal protection of educational institutions, their employees and students alike. As well as highlighting its most important aspects, by focusing on the relevant legal texts, and analyzing them in light of practical reality. The study seeks to identify the strengths and weaknesses of this policy, and to provide recommendations and proposals to improve and develop it, in a way that ensures security and stability in educational institutions, and the protection of students and educational staff.

The title “The Foundations of Civilizational Construction in the Quranic Thought of Sayyed Khamenei” refers to exploring the ideas and visions presented by Ayatollah Sayyed Ali Khamenei on how to build a contemporary Islamic civilization based on principles and foundations derived from the Holy Quran. We can analyze this title through several main points: Quranic Foundations: Khamenei focuses on extracting the basic principles from the Holy Quran, which can serve as building blocks for a modern Islamic civilization. These principles may include justice, cooperation, equality, scientific thinking, encouraging knowledge, and preserving morals and spiritual values. Contemporary Challenges: Khamenei deals with the current challenges facing the Islamic nation and the world in general, trying to provide solutions based on Quranic values. He may address issues such as corruption, backwardness, poverty, and foreign cultural and economic domination, and urges the adoption of an approach that balances adherence to Islamic identity and benefiting from modern developments. Leadership Role: In Khamenei’s thought, building civilization is considered part of the leadership responsibility of members of society, whether they are political, cultural, or scientific leaders. Encourages innovation and creativity within the framework of Islamic values to lead society towards a better future. Intellectual and Scientific Renaissance: Calls for the revival of intellectual and cognitive renaissance by promoting education and scientific research, focusing on innovation and enhancing human capabilities, while preserving the spiritual and moral essence. Islamic Unity: Considers unity among Islamic countries and communities as an essential element in building civilization. He believes that by strengthening unity and mutual understanding, many obstacles can be overcome and the common goals of the Islamic Ummah can be achieved. Through these points, Ayatollah Khamenei presents a comprehensive vision of how to use Quranic teachings as a methodology to build a modern Islamic civilization that interacts positively with the contemporary world while preserving its values and identity.

Anthropomorphism is a significant issue and represents one of the most important theological challenges that have sparked extensive debate in Jewish religious thought. This is due to its impact on the conception of God and the need to transcend human attributes in describing the divine. The sacred texts of the Torah are laden with apparent references that may suggest anthropomorphism, such as references to God›s «hand» or «face,» raising questions about how to interpret these texts without contradicting the doctrine of monotheism, which is the core of Jewish faith In this context, interpretation (hermeneutics) emerged as a fundamental tool for dealing with these texts. It was not merely an attempt to explain the apparent meanings but rather a systematic response to the challenge of understanding sacred texts in a way that preserves the sanctity of God and distances Him from any material manifestation. Thus, interpretation became not only a means of understanding but also a tool for doctrinal grounding, aiming to unify Jewish belief and clarify the nature of God.
This research discusses how interpretation has contributed to resolving the issue of anthropomorphism in Judaism. By examining the religious texts that raised this issue and analyzing the interpretive methods used to transcend the literal meaning of the texts, the study sheds light on the intellectual and doctrinal outcomes of this interpretive effort and its relationship to the development of Jewish religious thought throughout history.

The ancients dealt with these phenomena with great interest, and they knew the names of time and place. “They are two nouns formulated for the time or place of the action, beginning with an extra meem to indicate the place or time of the action. They are derived from (he does). The names of time and place are formulated from the triple verb joined by the eye in the present tense. The word “muftuh-ayn” on the letter “zanna” is activated by fatha al-meem and “ayn,” like “mansir” and “maqtal.” As for Other than the triliteral form, it is formulated in the form of the active participle. The nouns of time and place were mentioned infrequently in Al-Shahrastani’s interpretation. I discussed the diminutive from two aspects: the opinions that were expressed regarding the term diminutive, and the significance. On the terminological aspect, I mentioned what the ancients and moderns said about the terms diminutive, and on the semantic aspect. The semantic meanings of the diminutive forms were mentioned through the Holy Qur’an, and what the commentator mentioned in his book. The morphologists knew the name of the instrument It is what the subject and the object are treated with, because the effect reaches it, and it is not derived from the necessary verbs, since they have no object. The meem was broken down for the difference between it and the subject, and its weights were determined with three main weights, which are: maf’il with the fatha of the meem and the sukoon of the fa’, ma’fa’il, and mufa’ilah, and they made these weights. The three are the predominant or standard meters, while the idāda (activated) is amma The meem, and effective beyond measure.

“The Holy Qur’an is the word of God revealed to the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) in order to convey it to the worlds. The basis of the message depends on the function of clarification and communication of the content of the divine speech, and that is through the reception, which directly depends on the understanding and interpretation of the external existential facts on which the verses of the Holy Qur’an are based in their knowledge and divine laws. And it fully reaches its depth and truth, and many believe that the speech (Say) in the Qur’an is for the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him). Meaning, Say, O Muhammad, to the believers or the unbelievers. The truth is that we are the ones who are addressed with “Say” each according to what suits his level of speech. Since the Qur’an was revealed to us, the Messenger was an intermediary in that, and his level is even higher than the level of Quranic discourses. When he says: “And if they deny you, then say, ‘Your Lord is the Possessor of vast mercy, and His punishment will not be turned away from the criminal people.’” (Surat Al-An’am, verse 147), it is a speech to you when you guide people and they deny you.

This study aimed to identify the role of Islamic education teachers in reducing future anxiety among their students, according to Islamic education teachers for the preparatory stage in Qalaat Sukkar. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach, and used the questionnaire as a tool for collecting data. The study sample consisted of (125) male and female teachers who were randomly selected from the community. After conducting statistical analysis using the (SPSS) program, the study showed a set of results, the most prominent of which was the existence of a high role for Islamic education teachers in reducing future anxiety among their students, according to Islamic education teachers for the preparatory stage in Qalaat Sukkar. The results also showed no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α≤0.05) in the opinions of Islamic education teachers about their role in reducing future anxiety among their students, according to Islamic education teachers for the preparatory stage in Qalaat Sukkar, according to the variables (gender, academic qualification, experience).

In Arab heritage, there are numerous views on the origin of the universe, encompassing a variety of perspectives from philosophy and religion. These views differ between civilizations and religions, with each culture highlighting its unique vision, reflecting the diversity of human thought on this profound and complex topic.
Since the dawn of humanity, people have questioned the origins of things, their causes, and how they come into being. One of the significant and ancient questions that has occupied minds is that related to the origin of the universe.
Opinions regarding the interpretation and genesis of the universe in Arab heritage vary from several aspects, indicating the diversity of cultures along with religious, social, and philosophical concepts. Each viewpoint offers a unique perspective that expresses the values and beliefs of that particular civilization.
These diverse opinions on the origin of the universe have influenced the development of philosophy and sciences, leading to a shift from mythology to rational thinking and modern science.

In this research, I mentioned the psychological afflictions that the Prophet, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, was subjected to and mentioned, which are the hadith of defamation and defamation of his wife, the Mother of the Believers, Aisha, may God be pleased with her, and the prohibition of adoption, and the affliction of hunger and fear, and siege, and showed its impact on the call to God Almighty.

Blood diseases in general and thalassemia in particular are among the diseases that are widely spread in society and people are ignorant of their knowledge and work to educate society about these diseases and methods of prevention to avoid them and know whether a person is infected with them or not, which makes it necessary to not limit themselves to the therapeutic aspect only. Rather, it has also become important to focus on the awareness aspect, after which early prevention of falling into these diseases, as well as psychological and social support for those afflicted with these diseases is necessary and is part of the treatment process.

The aim of the research is to reveal the efforts of modern Iraqi researchers in their linguistic investigations, and at the four levels of the language: phonetics, morphology, grammar and semantics. What concerns us in this research is their efforts in semantic investigation, as modern researchers have written many books on the corrective side, and their writings came full of corrections and additions to those who preceded them from linguists, through which they revealed the places of grammatical errors, illusions and errors that accompanied Arabic, while relying in investigating words on the reliable sources of the language, starting with the Holy Quran, the hadiths of the Messenger and the sayings of the infallible imams, passing through the poetry and prose of the Arabs. It became clear to us that the Iraqi researcher was not an imitator, but rather he was a meticulous, discussant and addendum to many issues, and we will show that in the folds of the research.

The effectiveness of the criminal rule depends on the extent of its connection to the social reality in which it is applied. If it is formulated in a way that is alien to the social conditions and circumstances of time and place, and ignores society and its real needs, it becomes an ineffective rule that is easy to ignore by individuals. The judiciary may also deviate from it and refrain from applying it, as it is a rule that does not reflect the needs of society. The phenomenon of the separation of the criminal rule from society is due to several reasons, the most important of which are the legislator’s lack of familiarity with the general principles of criminalization policy, and the symbolic function dominating the instrumental function of the criminal rule, in addition to the influence of the criminal legislator by the ideas of the state’s political system. In light of this phenomenon, there must be mechanisms and factors through which the criminal rule can regain its effective effect. It seems to us that the most important of these factors lies in the need to pay attention to the outcomes of legal sociology, and adopting the criteria of competence and experience when choosing the criminal legislator, and the suitability of the criminalization policy to the strategic criminal thought.

The present study investigated the effectiveness of using communicative approach in teaching literature to develop EFL writing skills of fourth year preparatory school students. The study used the control group design and pre-post allication of the instrument. sixty students from fourth year preparatory school students, were randomly chosen to participate in the study; (30 as an experimental group and (30) as a control. Instrument of the study included a pre-post test of writing skills based on literary texts. Results showed that teaching literature through the communicative approach significantly improved the students’ writing. It was recommended that the communicative approach should be used in teaching EFL in different grades.