The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
Reforming the nation's state is related to religion of God Almighty. So, no economics, no morals, no policy and no basic rights except the religion of God Almighty. The task of modern interpretation is to extract answers for all urgent questions. Through it, modern interpreter seeks to treat the problems of people according to the instructions and purposes of the religion; it is an explanation of Islamic solutions to problems that arise in human rights, because life is full of variables. So, in every era there are unforeseen incidents, and there is a changing and evolving circle of people's lives. The interpreter is guided by a reformist endeavor in explaining solutions based on religion and taken from the text of the Holy Qur'an.
Among these interpreters, is the Sheikh Mughniyeh,(may God have mercy on him). Sheikh Mahmud Mughniyeh is one of the First scholars of Shia s who confirmed for reforming the Seminaries. He did his best in this regard. The idea of using new methods to spread religion and Islamic democracy always occupied a large area of his thinking. He has reached that life changes and Islam is able to adapt to accept some emerging issues in the modern era and disagree with others.
Sheikh Mughniyeh believed that the Seminary (Hawza) books , of that time ,were one-dimensional, and did not care about other societal sciences, and do not pay attention for development of sciences such as Psychology, Sociology, Politics and Economics. Since these sciences raised serious questions about mortal values and principles of the faith, Sheikh Mughniyeh took a critical position regarding the existing situation. He believed that students of religious sciences must be familiar with contemporary sciences. Despite, Sheikh Mughniyeh believes that the Shiites are owners of valuable scientific treasures to be able to apply with the requires of era and this is the dynamical fiqh among Shiites.

Abstract:-
Unlike the heavenly religions, the school of humanism is one of the schools that places Free will around humans and considers the human will to be the center of all matters. In this school, both the development system and the legislative system should be modified according to human desires and needs. In this matter, a person should trust only himself, his mind, and his cognitive achievement, and does not need a being beyond him while the heavenly religions consider that the focus of all matters, including choice, lies with God. This research was written by studying many books, research, and related sources, in light of the descriptive-analytical approach, and it compared the issue of human choice in Islam and the school of humanism. The results indicate that humanism, unlike Islam, believes in the following things: Free will without the unseen world, opposition of Free will to religion, Free will with unlimited freedom, Free will and absolute law, Free will and theoretical reason revolving around the centrality of the human being. While the Qur’an considers choice based on God-centered criteria. In this case, the legislative matters in this world will take their natural course in light of the formative matters that God has decided for man.

Abstract: -
The phenomenon of semantic development is a pivotal issue in linguistic studies, ancient and modern. It is an issue that is intertwined in all sciences and other specializations and results in positive effects with the presence of differences in the word itself. Semantic development is also considered one of the important linguistic phenomena, due to the relationship of words to meanings and the change that occurs in them through the effect of communication between people.
The research studied the innovative words in Nahj al-Balagha, rooting them in linguistic dictionaries, and explaining the development that occurred in the word. We reached results, the most notable of which is that the development in the word is to bring a new meaning different from the original meaning from which it was derived.
From the results of the applications on the texts of Nahj al-Balagha, it became clear that the new word has occurred so often that your eyes will hardly fall on a page in it unless it contains new words that deserve to be examined and their meanings explained. The word in Nahj al-Balagha was chosen by Imam Ali (peace be upon him) intending the wording and meaning in its specific location, as it is authentic in its setting and meaning.
The words of Nahj al-Balagha are also an eloquent example that can be relied upon in tracking the semantic change of words, as the commentators of Nahj al-Balagha were interested in tracking the semantic changes of a set of Nahj’s words.
The importance of the research lies in the basis we chose for the applied aspect, which is Nahj al-Balagha, about which it was said: (It is speech above the creation and below the Creator). If a linguistic phenomenon was studied in the vocabulary of the flawless sacred text, the study would be solid in its foundation, and closer to correctness in its results.

Abstract:-
The use of proverbs in different languages, which is interpreted as setting a proverb and sending a proverb, is considered one of the best and most effective literary arts in the rhetorical sciences. One of the rhetorical aspects of the words of the Commander of the Faithful in Nuzhat al-Absar, Nahj al-Balagha and other books is the presence of many Arabic proverbs to influence the audience and achieve the Imam’s goals. This research, which was written in a descriptive and analytical manner, attempts to investigate the use of proverbs in the words of Imam Ali, peace be upon him, in the book Nuzhat al-Absar by al-Tabari and compare it with Nahj al-Balagha. The results of the research indicate that the author of the book Nuzhat Al-Absar carefully monitored the proverbs contained in the words and presented them to his addressee. In Nahj al-Balagha there are many examples of Arabic proverbs from the time of the life of Imam Ali, peace be upon him, and before, which are used in the best way for the purposes of the Imamate.

Abstract:-
In the context of the Quranic system, parenthetical sentences in the Holy Quran have important rhetorical and interpretive effects, and the rhetorical effects of parenthetical sentences in the Quranic system add beauty and suspense to the Quranic text by diversifying the styles, emphasizing the main meaning, and strengthening the basic idea. Clarifying and explaining the intended meaning in a clearer way attracts the recipient's attention and draws his interest to the parenthetical sentence and adds a kind of detail and branching in the context of the verses.
The interpretive effects of parenthetical sentences in the Quranic system are explaining and clarifying the ambiguous or ambiguous meaning in the verse, interpreting the legal rulings and jurisprudential issues included in the verse, linking the verse to what comes before or after it, clarifying the relationship between them, stating the reasons, purposes, and divine rulings behind the parenthetical sentence, and deducing the implications, lessons, and guidance learned from the parenthetical sentence.

Abstract:-
Metonymy, especially picturesque metonymy, is one of the indirect ways to embody mental concepts, because it has great power in creating images and persuading the audience. This metonymy has a high frequency in the Holy Quran. Some of them are intended to make fun of the hypocrites and the staunchest enemies of Islam and Prophet Muhammad. This metonymy is based on image and visualization, not words and it is able to cause laughter and discover flaws but its main purpose is reform and refinement. n this type of metonymy, the image is chosen through the use of visual words and has a clear meaning and concrete examples. Then we studied a number of types of caricature figurative metonymy in the Holy Qur’an on the basis of the descriptive-analytical approach, using the linguistic and non-linguistic context to reveal the truth of these metonymies and the motives underlying them. Through studying the caricature images that appeared in figurative metonymies, we found that the metonymies for an adjective prevailed over other metonymies due to the predominance of talk about reprehensible adjectives, such as: pride, humility, fear and inherent evil. Also, most of the depictions are of the faces of unbelievers and hypocrites, and the purpose of targeting them is to laugh and humiliate them, and their benefit is to show the degree of humiliation and humiliation. There are also figurative metonymy that were presented in an educational and preaching style, and the aim of that, in addition to laughter, is advice, guidance and direction. These metaphors do not rely on words alone, but rather stand out before the reader as a graphic painting that brings meanings into the hearts and doubles their influence on the soul.

Abstract:-
1- The aesthetic element is important in an individual’s life and plays an important role in his behavior.
2- Every social doctrine undoubtedly calls for the astablishment ofa standard for classifying societies and comtes principle was established on the science of universal law.
3- Most of the circumstances of society and the surrounding environment are reflected in the artist’s works, and his works are also reflected in those around him.throughout the hiostery of art.4- aesthetic values chang due to social revolution as the convergence of a number of art in the spirit of one era shows us.aesthetics like other sciences has principles rules. methods and standards that apply to are and other fields.the importance of are lies in being a link between people and scioety.and we can conclude from this that aperson can express.
5- Aesthetic values have a mutual relationship between influence and being affected within the framework of social and cultural construction.
6- Aesthetic values are characterized by having a historical, social and cultural dimension, as they are present in the development of historical societies.
7- No civilization is devoid of aesthetic value. his thoughts desires.and feeling to follow an artistic method that may be speech.portry orpainting there is also a consensus that aesthetics is an artisity. therefore art has an impact on people and their activities.
8- anartisyic work can provid criticism though its influence on the historical.social.moral and ethical environment and this is done by linking the artistis work to the basic cause and its interacaction with event and hisartistis which is reflected from extemal reality.

Abstract:-
Through research related to urban transport it was found that there are many urban factors that affect the transport sector and the generation of traffic trips in the city of Kut, including factors related to the use of urban lands and urban development represented by horizontal cities or excessive urban density in some regions or cities due to vertical growth of buildings, including the quality of traffic movement(internal or external, whether they are generated or effective) and linking it to the city's road net, and its patterns,ability and efficiency to meet the current demand for traffic, or the adequacy of the of parking spaces in urban areas. Especially, in urban areas, all of this pass across the sections of this study, but all these factors are linked to some important changes including population increase which is the population function of the important variables in the complex of statistical analysis, transportation and traffic. It is one of the factors affecting all day trips. So, the population component is considered the most dynamic of any other variable. There is a direct exponential relationship between the number of population and population destiny of the urban area on the one hand, and the number of daily trips within that area, on the other hand.

Abstract:-
The science of al-Fiqh principles is considered one of important sciences due to the role it acts in the process of deriving the legal rulings. Therefore it is said that the science of the origins is the basis of al-Fiqh, and the cornerstone of diligence. So the science of al-Fiqh needs rules to refine the validity of the Fiqhi evidence, in order to be adopted for deriving the legal rulings, this cannot be completed except through the rules of al-Fiqh principles.
On this base , fundamentalists are interested in this science. So, they devoted themselves to researching it and refining its issues. So these efforts resulted that some theories in principles appeared, and it is introduced rules and topics, that were not existed in the words of the previous scientists. Sheikh Muhammad Hussein al-Na'ini is one of the masters of this science and one of those skilled in studying and achieving it. Those far and near have attested to his scientific competence, and his mastery of the demands of this science. Sheik al-Na'ily was unique in some theories that were the product of his ideas , so, no one had preceded him in them, or they were allusions in the words of those who preceded him. However, the Sheikh took up to research , achieve and construct it. So it became attributed to him and no one else.
This research is a modest attempt to shed light on the Sheikh al-Na'ini's most prominent innovative theories that he established and constructed and on some of his unique opinions, and some investigations which are considered new searches were added to al-Fiqh's principles by him. This subject is of two topics: the first speaks about the theoretical frame of the research. The second concerns the fundamental skills of Sheikh Al-Na'ily, conclusion, research results and the conclusion of the research by mentioning sources and references.

Abstract:-
Many defects appeared in the Iraqi civil law No.40 of the year 1986, which necessitated the search for an alternative to this law. So chose the draft Civil Law of the year 1986, where, we studied the positive and negative aspects of the draft civil law, in order to know the validity of the draft to be an alternative or not.

Abstract:-
This research endeavors to examine the role of language in the effective management of documentary production, delineate the key components and factors contributing to the success of documentary production management, and identify the challenges and obstacles that impede the successful production of documentaries. Employing a descriptive-analytical methodology, the study draws on theoretical frameworks pertinent to the research topic.
The findings reveal that the successful production of documentaries is intricately linked to the proficient use of language. Specifically, the narration in a documentary must be articulate, precise, clear, fluid, and simple, while preserving the richness and robustness of the language to resonate with viewers from diverse intellectual and cultural backgrounds.
The study identifies several factors that facilitate the organization of documentary production, including strategic planning, effective planning and implementation, regular reporting and obtaining necessary approvals, securing financial resources, efficient time management, clear delineation of the work environment, adaptive management of changes through alternative strategies, and a perceptive and intuitive approach to task completion.
Conversely, the research highlights numerous challenges and obstacles in documentary production, such as the scarcity of external development courses, limited participation in festivals, outdated equipment and technology, a dearth of high-quality scripts, substandard directing practices, misuse of authority by officials, neglect, and a general lack of interest in producing documentaries.
Key recommendations emerging from the study emphasize the necessity of involving documentary production personnel in linguistic development courses focused on writing and pronunciation. Additionally, there is a critical need to prioritize the production of documentaries that leverage modern technologies and applications to achieve high-quality outputs.

Abstract:-
The research dealt with examples of the many problematic jurisprudential issues that the jurists dealt with by abolishing the distinction or specificity and transgressing the ruling from one topic to another, while mentioning the most important fatwas that benefited from the revision of the context among the jurists of the Imami Jurists. The research was organized into an introduction and three sections. In the first section, the researcher dealt with examples of Issues of religious jurisprudence and the requirement to revise the context. The second section dealt with examples of the jurisprudence of transactions and the requirement to revise the context. The research concluded with examples of issues of the jurisprudence of rulings and the requirement to revise the context. This was done by extrapolating some of the opinions of jurists and presenting them with the methodology of theoretical and applied research from contemporary fatwas and rulings that benefited from the revision of the context, and a conclusion that included the most prominent results.

Abstract:-
International organizations have a legal personality, as they are considered subjects of international law, and international organizations can be divided according to the membership criterion into global and regional organizations. In health, it has contributed in the theoretical aspect represented by the constitution of the World Health Organization, in addition to health regulations, and in the practical aspect in all global, regional and international fields, supported by the Red Cross, which has spared no effort to protect the human right to health since its inception, both in times of peace mother of war.

Abstract:-
Speech analysis is an interdisciplinary field of knowledge that overlaps with linguistics, sociology, psychology and anthropology, which gives it flexibility and a broad analytical reach, to accommodate political, media , literary and religious speeches. The need stands out to understand the structure of these speeches and its deep foundations which goes beyond the language to philosophical, pragmatic, and ideological fields.
We seek, in this research, to follow the development of the concept of speech analysis across the most prominent schools of thought, and to discover its relationship to the analysis of the content and conversation, and highlighting the aspects of completeness and differences between them. It is interested in raising questions about how speech analysis can transcend linguistic fields to become a cognitive project to understand humans and society in the context of knowledge and power.

Abstract:-
The era of the Al-Tawaif kings is considered a turning point in the history of Andalusia, on the one hand, the life of a concentrated and powerful government that was formed in Andalusia from the third century of the Hijri, and on the other hand, small families came to work, which created tension and crisis in the region. This research seeks to answer a question about the political, economic and cultural situation of the Andalusian monarchs, how the political events of the late Umayyad era led to the formation of small independent states in Andalusia; Then, by examining the political situation of the governments, he has reached the conclusion that the families of the clans at the very beginning of the government were seeking political and military power in the Andalus region with a clear vision; Therefore, in order to achieve these goals, they turned to war with their Muslim neighbors, and when they faced defeat, they got a lot of help from their Christian neighbors in the north, who, due to the little support of the families, gave in to heavy taxes and On the other hand, with the formation of political division among this family and the intensification of intra-family tensions, in addition to taking away a large part of the power of the government, it also brought Andalusia into political crisis and instability, which could not fulfill the goals of the society itself. ; Although this government worked better in the political, economic and cultural fields during the period of authority, but the internal crisis continued until the end of its life.

Abstract:-
The Quran is the primary source for discovering and extracting divine knowledge, including topics on moral education. The patience of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is given special attention in the Meccan surahs of the Quran, making it a subject for analysis and research as a Quranic educational method for the growth and enhancement of reference groups in the Islamic society. This study seeks to answer the question: How can the Quranic pattern for enhancing the patience of reference groups be discovered by modeling the verses addressed to the Prophet (PBUH) in the Meccan verses and based on the chronological order of the surahs' revelation? The research methodology is descriptive and analytical. By considering direct and indirect criteria of patience in the Meccan surahs, a total of 385 verses were extracted, categorized into 85 groups across 43 surahs, and organized into tables. Some extracted themes, such as promises and warnings, worship instructions, and likening the Prophet to other prophets, are seen in all or most stages of enhancing the patience of the Prophet (PBUH) in the Meccan surahs, as if the Lord considers the presence of these elements to be continuous and necessary for enhancing the patience of His Prophet. Other elements appear in stages, in an ascending trend as per the order of revelation. The discovery of the process of enhancing the patience of the Prophet (PBUH) in the Quranic verses includes: absolute patience, forgiveness, forbearance, and beautiful patience, indicating a gradual and transformative emphasis on this trait in the Prophet and, subsequently, in the reference groups. Additionally, with the increasing spiritual capacity of the Prophet (PBUH) through these stages and the promise of his victory in the Quran and the destruction of his enemies, a successful and efficient model for reference groups can be derived.

Abstract:-
The Holy Quran is a comprehensive and general constitution for all people, and It addresses all human values. In this research, it dealt with some values, including worship and moral values, including the positive attributes that must be characterized by the human being and the basic of which must be robbed of him and the social values that concern the individual and society. The purpose of this research is to arbitrate these values, which have an important role in the faith journey, because if the values are correct, they reach a human being, and thus obtain the happiness of the world and the doomsday.

Abstract:-
The sociological knowledge of literature has a wide collection of thoughts and opinions about the relationship between the writer and his society. For this reason, literary studies based on literary theories are considered an important step in the field of criticism of literary texts. Lucien Goldman is one of the thinkers who paid attention to constructivism. His method aims to reveal a meaningful connection between the literary work and the most basic aspects of life. Ebrahim Fazlullah is one of the contemporary Lebanese writers who seeks to express the pains and aspirations of his society and social class in his stories. The story of "Ain al-Jawza" is one of his works. The author of the present research aims to provide a sociological reading of the story "Ain al-Jawzah" based on the constructivist sociological theory of Lucien Goldman in a descriptive-analytical way. The result of this research shows that this story has an orderly whole, that all its parts are closely related in terms of structure and content, and Ibrahim Fadlullah wrote it from the consciousness of his social class; That is, the hatred of the lower class has used the upper class, while he is based on the background of the awareness of his social class; It means that the middle class hates the upper class. Protesting the existing situation, which is standing up and confronting the French, has caused the problematic character of the story more problems than before, and he has gone to the sidelines and has no choice but to run away. At the same time, the role of man in social life has faded and objects in life take the place of man. The interaction in the political structure of the story shows that political events are the driving force of many changes and transformations in society, including structural social mobility.

Abstract:-
This question can be considered asto how the belief in the age of the descent was transformed from the immovable rejection to the hereafter and welcomed death.
The wise process of the gradual revelation of the Holy Qur'an in 23 years was able to transform the polytheistic society into a united and resurrected nation. The discovery of this process depends on achieving the method of the Qur'an in proposing the question of resurrection based on the course of the revelation of the Qur'an. Based on this, the present research has reached the process of the Holy Quran in the aspect of resurrection in three stages with thematic reduction method. In the first stage, the Holy Qur'an prepares the society to accept the truth of the Resurrection from a motivational point of view, by raising the issue of the resurrection and summarizing its key topics in the first surah of Makkah. In the second stage, by stating the reasons for objections and doubts and presenting valid protests, it has addressed the shaky nature of their arguments and proved the authenticity of Maad from a cognitive perspective.. In the third stage, by explaining the role of resurrection belief in pious behavior, steps have been taken in the direction of operationalizing resurrection belief and deepening and explaining its function in uniform behavior.

Abstract:-
This research aims to study the movement of aesthetic creativity of the great Arab poet Al-Mutanabbi and its clear impact on the poetry of the contemporary Iraqi poet Muhammad Mahdi Al-Jawahiri. The research relied on the analytical approach to study the poets’ poetic texts, the historical approach to understand the influence of Al-Mutanabbi’s poetic heritage on contemporary Arab poetry, in addition to the comparative approach to compare the poetic styles and artistic techniques used by Al-Mutanabbi and Al-Jawahiri.
The research focused on analyzing Al-Mutanabbi's poetic style and its most prominent implications, and reviewing the artistic and aesthetic methods used in his poems. The research also addressed the extent to which Al-Jawahiri was influenced by Al-Mutanabbi’s poetry, by studying texts in which Al-Mutanabbi’s influences clearly appear.
The research showed that there are many common elements in aesthetic creativity between Al-Mutanabbi and Al-Jawahiri, which reflects Al-Mutanabbi’s deep and continuing influence on contemporary Arabic poetry. The research concluded that understanding Al-Mutanabbi’s influence on Al-Jawahiri helps in a deeper understanding of the Arab poetic heritage and its development throughout the ages, and highlights the importance of Al-Mutanabbi as one of the most important poets in the history

Abstract:-
Protecting foreign investments is one of the most important issues in international relations in light of globalization and increasing cross-border investment flows. International mechanisms for protecting foreign investments aim to create a stable and safe environment for investment. In addition to encouraging foreign investment and transferring technology and knowledge, it also promotes economic development. One of the advantages of international mechanisms for protecting foreign investments is that it provides foreign investors with legal protection, encourages foreign investment, and contributes to the transfer of technology and knowledge. It promotes economic development. The research problem was to address The disadvantages of international mechanisms for protecting foreign investments, which are the restriction of the sovereignty of host countries, conflicts between countries, as well as the impact on human rights and the environment. Through the descriptive and analytical research approach used in the research, we came up with a set of results, including that the agreements constitute a complex group in the field of encouraging and supporting investment. One of the obligations under which both parties to the contract undertake to respect the terms and conditions of investment by citizens and companies of the two countries. Turn around 4. Investment laws differ from one country to another depending on several factors that usually determine the direction of the legislator in this or that country in developing laws regulating investment, the national workforce and its needs for its performance - the unemployment rate - the size of the local market and the degree of absorption of investment project products and the technical, financial and logistical ability to export these products, In addition to all the political conditions that govern the state and usually determine economic policies. It is necessarily reflected in what the Legislative Council adopts, as well as the basic concepts of treatment, protection and guarantee

Abstract:-
With the expansion of international trade relations, disputes and disagreements between parties to commercial contracts from different countries have also increased. International commercial arbitration is one of the important and effective ways to resolve these disputes. However, this method faces challenges such as differences in national legal systems, ambiguity of some international rules and regulations, and implementation problems at the global level. By resolving commercial disputes fairly, international commercial arbitration helps facilitate and maintain international trade relations and the flow of foreign investment, which is why it plays a very important role in the development of global trade. This research aims to study the legal and regulatory framework of international commercial arbitration, identify challenges and gaps in it, and provide solutions to increase the effectiveness and consideration of this method for resolving disputes on the global stage. The objectives of this research include studying and analyzing international commercial arbitration as one of the solutions for resolving disputes in the field of international trade, comparing this method with other methods of resolving disputes, and providing practical results for its application in Iraq and Iran. International commercial arbitration can effectively help maintain and develop business relations for companies and international organizations. Some of the problems and limitations of international commercial arbitration include that it can only be used in cases where companies and international organizations allow it, and that there are high costs for this method as well.

Abstract:-
Distance from the centers of government opponents, proximity to government supporters, climatic location and proximity to the two big rivers, Tigris and Euphrates, and dominance over world trade were among the important reasons why Abbasids chose Baghdad as the center of government. The Abbasids had different uses of rivers, but one of the important strategies of the Abbasids was the military and strategic use of rivers to suppress domestic and foreign rebels. The main research question is, what were the strategies of the Abbasids in the river wars of the Iraq rivers? And how successful was their performance in the river wars? The findings of the research show that the choice of Iraq as the capital of the Abbasid caliphate was due to its proximity to the two great rivers, the Tigris and the Euphrates, which in addition to dominating trade routes and being far from the centers of opposition to their government, were able to suppress internal rebels. and foreign countries and invented new military methods and techniques in river and sea wars and were successful in these wars. This article has analyzed the military strategies of the Abbasids in the river wars with a historical-analytical method and relying on historical documents and sources.

Abstract:-
Corruption has become a phenomenon that eats away at the body of society, especially in developing countries, and its effects have been reflected on all aspects of life, including the educational and teaching aspects. Therefore, the aim of this research is to identify (the role of educational media in reducing the phenomenon of corruption by instilling authentic values in students) and the second aim (identifying the most important problems and obstacles facing educational media in practicing its role in educating students). The second aim was answered in the second chapter, and to achieve the first aim, the researcher adopted the descriptive analytical approach, and prepared a questionnaire in two axes as a tool for this research. After verifying the validity and reliability of the tool, it was presented to a sample of (100) students from the (Iraq Model) Intermediate School. After analyzing the answers, the researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which are the following:
1.Modern media played an important role in exposing the harms of corruption on society and were used in educational media effectively.
2.Traditional media, especially paper media such as newspapers, magazines and publications, had few followers among students.
3.The qualitative meetings, seminars and lectures contributed to serving the educational media as they are face to face between the sender and the receiver (student) and revealed the dangers of corruption and ways to reduce them. The research concluded with conclusions, recommendations and a list of sources.

Abstract:-
In the context of Islamic philosophy, social peace is a central theme eserving deep contemplation and analysis. This topic is integral to Islamic philosophical thought, where philosophers in the East - whether during golden ages like the Abbasid era or in subsequent periods - aimed to construct comprehensive theories contributing to peace and stability in societies. These philosophers engage with multiple concepts including justice, wisdom, social harmony, coexistence among community members, and governance, all in pursuit of achieving peace and mutual understanding. This study seeks to explore and analyze the theoretical foundations developed by Islamic philosophers in the East for achieving social peace. It focuses on how these philosophers interpret the concept of social peace, the fundamental principles upon which they base their philosophies, and the practical and applied aspects of these theories within their specific temporal and geographical contexts. Furthermore, this study aims to connect traditional Islamic philosophy with contemporary issues of peace and social coexistence, thereby expanding our understanding of current social and political issues from an Islamic philosophical perspective.

Abstract:-
The Qur'anic text is considered the great miracle of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family), and since its revelation, the skeptics have been trying to abuse and challenge it, especially with regard to its divine source, describing it as a fabricated word invented by its claimants {or do they say he invented it, but it is the truth} [Surat al-Sajdah: 3] These suspicions have accompanied the Qur'anic text throughout the ages, and in the modern era, multiple currents have emerged trying to obliterate the identity of the Muhammadan Shari'a dressed in the garb of scientific research and modernity, such as the Orientalists and their Arab followers under the name of secularists or modernists, who used their pens to challenge the source of the text Some of them claimed that the Qur'anic text is nothing more than a text whose teachings are inspired by previous divine books, and that the Prophet of Islam learned these teachings from his teachers and referred his listeners to the Ahl al-Zikr (Jewish scholars) to testify to their authenticity.
In this study, we are talking about a sect of the owners of this school, who, through their suspicions, try to destroy the Muhammadan sharia and overthrow the prestige of the text, arguing that the Qur'anic text is nothing but a text expressed from the Bible, citing Qur'anic texts and interpreting them in accordance with their suspicions and not what the text aims to achieve.

Abstract:-
The main purpose of this research is to conduct a stylistic reading of the political will of Al-Mansur Al-Abbassi to his son Al-Mahdi, with the aim of understanding the cultural and historical context in which it was composed, analyzing the values and principles it represents, and exploring how it affected politics and governance in the Abbasid era. The importance of this research aims to achieve several important goals in understanding the historical and intellectual context of the Islamic eras, analyzing the political discourse, and understanding the ideas of rulers and politicians in that period. This research contributes to understanding and analyzing the political discourse adopted by Al-Mansur Al-Abbassi in his will to his son Al-Mahdi, which helps shed light on his thinking and vision of governance and politics. Also, the research contributes to revealing the values and principles that Al-Mansur Al-Abbassi believed in, and how his ideas were influenced by the cultural and historical context in which he lived.

Abstract:-
The Holy Qur’an is a comprehensive scientific encyclopedia, through which the researcher can dive into the depths of the seas to uncover the hidden things, or soar to the horizons of the heavens to learn about the unknowns. The Noble Verses also have their dazzling elegance in rhythm and suggestion, and the vocabulary of these verses has their elegance in the apparent pronunciation and the hidden meaning. Even if this word appears once or twice in the entire Holy Qur’an, each of these words has its expressive and influential position, as it needs to stimulate the mind to extract the meaning and extract the concept. This research deals with the significance of the word (abqa) in the Holy Qur’an, which is one of the rarely used words and authentic in its poetic and prose evidence. Al-Mutanabbi said in the satire of Kafur al-Akhshidi: The eunuch became the imam of the abqa in it, so the free is enslaved and the slave is worshipped! In addition to distinguishing betweenaddition to differences to confirm the meaning of each word in its context, if we delve into the sea of vocabulary of the Qur’an, we find words whose meanings are similar according to the phenomena, and when we search for them, we find vast differences in them, as one of them is distinguished from the other in terms of its concept and its meaning. Likewise, we cannot ignore the status of pre-Islamic poetry. in This regard represents a rich source for understanding the language and its rich heritage.

Abstract:-
The research deals with the subject of the financial penalty guarantees associated with the administrative financial penalty of set of controls associated with the decision of the financial penalty that is represented in two kinds of guarantees ; the first part is the procedural guarantees of excuses, and causation of the financial penalty decision, the ensuring of the right of the contractor's right defense and appealing against decision. The second part is the objective guarantees represented by the legality and non-retroactivity of the financial penalty, the principle of proportionality and the penalty body. Then we conclude , in the event that the administration violates one of these guarantees, the decisions deserves to be canceled with an appeal submitted by the contractor.

Abstract:-
Literature is a basic cultural pillar. It is the formation or imaginative depiction of life, thought, and conscience, through linguistic structures. It is a branch of general human knowledge. It is concerned with changing and portraying, artistically and emotionally, customs, opinions, values, hopes, feelings, and other elements of culture. That is, it is an imaginative artistic embodiment. For culture. This concept includes literature in general, including children's literature, but children's literature is distinguished from adult literature in its consideration of the child's needs and abilities, and its submission to the philosophy of adults in educating their children. This means that children's literature, from a technical standpoint, has the same general components as literature. However, the choice of subject matter, the formation of characters, the creation of the atmosphere, and the uses of language in children's literature are subject to special controls, commensurate with the child's abilities and level of development. Children's literature is a tool in building the child's culture and level of development. It contributes to transferring part of general culture to children in an artistic form. Hence the idea of our research came, considering that the female students of the kindergarten department are concerned with dealing with children, especially in kindergartens, through which information, ideas, and scientific, cultural, and religious values are instilled in the child’s thought, and the best means for this is children’s literature, drama, stories, songs, and theater.

Abstract:-
According to Ibn Jinni, language is made up of sounds with meanings that allow people to comprehend and speak with one another. "They are sounds with which every people expresses their purposes," he said in defining language. This definition is accurate and emphasises the unique qualities of language. It begins by reaffirming that it is vocal in nature and discussing its social role in expression and transmission. The diverse language structures found in various human groups are also shown by thought.
The phonetic conception of language proposed by Ibn Jinni worries us in this regard because he claims that pronunciation is the foundation of the linguistic phenomenon. This is the basis upon which most modern studies are based, which focus first on the spoken word and then writing in the second degree, which is thought to be a representation of what is spoken.
Ibn Jinni is credited with being the first to turn sounds into a science, teaching him about the study of sounds and investigating their importance and issues.
The most influential work was written on the subject of sounds science, Ibn Jinni's The Secret of Syntactic Syntax, made reference to the name.