Euphrates Journal of Agricultural Science

A field experiment was conducted during the summer season 2019 in Kirkuk province to study the effect of spraying with potassium, zinc and boron mixture on the yield traits of cotton plant (Gossypium hisrutum L.)A factorial experiment was applied according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and it included two factors: the first represented by three concentrations of potassium fertilizer 10.5.0% and the second was the addition of the microelements zinc and boron in a mixture and individually at a concentration of Zn15B8,B8,Zn15.0%.The results showed that there were significant differences between the concentrations of potassium, zinc mixture and boron in all the studied traits, where the third concentration of potassium fertilizer and zinc and boron mixture gave the highest average for the traits of the total number of nuts, the number of nut, the weight of nut, and the cotton yield in the first harvest, and the yield cotton in the second harvest, and the total cotton yield.

A field experiment was conducted during the 2018-2019 agricultural season in desert soil located in the southwest of Al-Diwaniyah province, southern Iraq, at latitude 31º 32' 47.20 north and longitude 44º 53' 40.90 east in order to study the horizontal and vertical distribution of soil moisture and salinity under the subsurface drip irrigation system. The experiment was designed according to the design of the nesting arrangement (Nasted design) with three replications. The experiment included the distances of the drip lines (50, 75 and 100 cm) and the depths of the drip lines (20 and 40 cm), in addition to the control treatment ( surface irrigation treatment). An evaluation of the irrigation system was conducted before cultivation. The horizontal and vertical distribution of soil moisture and salinity was measured for the study parameters at distances (0,10,20,30,40,50) cm in the horizontal direction and at depths of (0,10,20,30,40) cm in the vertical direction and for the two phases at the beginning and end of the growing season .The results of the study showed an increase in the moisture content at the subsurface drip line and a decrease when moving away from it horizontally and vertically, in addition to a decrease in the moisture content with an increase in the distance between the drip lines, a decrease in the salt concentration at the drip source and an increase in the accumulation of salts by moving away from the drip line. In addition, the results showed that the best distance between the drip lines was 50 cm, as it gave the best moisture and salinity distribution of the soil volume.

The research aims to determine the level of exposure of rural young women to the media in the field of health awareness in general, to arrange the paragraphs of health awareness according to the degree of exposure of rural young women to the media, and to determine the correlation between the level of exposure of rural young women to the media and some of the following independent variables (social status, daily expenditure of rural youth Number of family members, trend towards mass media, use of modern means of communication)and getting to know the most widely exposed media outlets by rural women in the field of health awareness. For the purpose of obtaining the special data for the research, a questionnaire was adopted consisting of three parts: the first part relates to the personal information of the respondents, while the second part consists of several paragraphs to measure the level of exposure of rural young women to the media, which number (22) items, As for the third part, it consists of a number of media outlets, which number (11) and are the media outlets that are most exposed to them by rural young women. After confirming the apparent validity of the questionnaire, the reliability was extracted using the Alpha-Cronbach method, and the reliability coefficient was (0.90).The research included the rural young in some villages of the Qayyarah district, whose ages range between 11-15 years, and their number is (315) rural youth distributed over three villages, namely (Lazaga village, Al-Zawiya village, Al-Sirt village) and they are students in the middle stage. The data was analyzed using the spss program. . The results showed that about (81%) of the research sample is exposed to the media in the field of health awareness. The paragraph (I follow websites that are concerned with preserving the environment from pollution) ranked first, where it was considered one of the most important paragraphs for the level of exposure of rural young women to the media. Modern means of communication), while there was a negative correlation between the level of exposure of rural young women to the media and (the number of family members),While there was no significant correlation between the level of exposure of rural young women to the media and (the average daily expenditure, and the trend towards the media).The results also showed that the Internet is the most exposed educational medium for the respondents. The two researchers recommended paying attention to educating rural young women who are not enrolled in schools about the importance of health awareness media in various fields.

The study was conducted to know the effect of nano silver prepared with the pesticide Oxymatrine and to test its effect against the cotton aphid A.gossypii and the predator C.carnea aphid on cucumber plants in the greenhouses and laboratories of the Plant Protection Department / Abu Ghraib. The results of the study showed the formation of nanosilver AgNPs with the pesticide Oxymatrin at the concentrations of 1.5 and 0.5 ml/L of water by testing and diagnosing them with chromatography indicators, SEM scanning electron microscope, and UV and visible absorption spectrometers. The formed nanoparticles were also tested and diagnosed using an infrared spectrometer Equipped with an ATR-FTIR Fourier transformer.The results of the study showed that the highest killing percentages was in the treatment Oxymatrine 1.5 ml/L + AgNPs without or with the release of the predator Chrysopidae and it reached (76,44) on the treatments Oxymatrine 1.5 ml/L and Oxymatrine concentration 0.5 ml/L and nanosilver AgNPs solution The killing percentages was (58.33, 79.17, 91.96%), (16.66, 36.36, 49.24%) and (25.00, 52.08, 33.33%) after 3, 7 and 14 days of treatment, respectively. As for the effect of the treatment of introducing the predator, the Chrysopidae alone, with 2 larvae/plant on cotton insects, the killing percentages was (52.08, 77.08 and 87.49%), compared with a killing percentages of 0.0% in the control treatment after 14, 3.7 days of treatment. respectively.With regard to the relative efficiency of the treatments in affecting the cotton aphid and the predator aphid, it was found that the treatment of Oxymatrine at the recommended and below recommended concentrations was excelled on AgNPs. Where the Oxymatrine treatment with a concentration of 1.5 ml / L + AgNPs had the highest relative efficiency of 85.78%, which was excelled on the Oxymatrine treatment with a concentration of 0.5 ml / L + AgNPs 52.42% after three days, but after a week and two weeks of treatment, the efficiency of the treatments used was (97.88 and 99.62%). ) and (91.38 and 94.53%) for treatments, respectively.

This study was conducted to know the effect of nitrogenous and urea nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer on the growth and yield of two cultivars of broad bean (Vicia Faba L.) in the two autumn seasons (2018 and 2019). The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with a split plots system and three replicates, the experiment included two factors. The first (main) factor included the cultivars (Spanish Histal and Italian Aquadilge) and The second factor (secondary) included eight nitrogen fertilization treatments. The results showed: The cultivars differed significantly in some growth traits, yield traits, and its components, where the Histal cultivar has excelled in the trait of the weight of 100 seeds in the autumn season 2018 which amounted to (38.1 g), and in the number of seeds per pod, and the length of the pod in the autumn season 2019 amounted to (22.7 cm, 5.7 pods). While the Aguadulge cultivar has excelled in the trait of the chlorophyll content in leaves in the autumn season 2018 which amounted to (38.8 μg.cm2), and in the trait of plant height, biological yield, number of pods in the plant, seed yield, and protein yield in the autumn season (2019) which amounted to (91.43 cm, 7.439 Mg.ha-1, 15 pods.plant-1, 2.331 Mg.ha-1, 0.546 Mg.ha-). The nitrogen fertilization caused a significant increase in some growth and yield traits and their components in the autumn season 2018, where the concentration of the nano-fertilizer (150 ppm) gave the highest averages for the trait of the leaf area and the chlorophyll content in the leaves which amounted to (8598.5 cm2, 45.3 μg.cm-2), while the concentration of the nano-fertilizer (75 ppm) gave the highest average in the traits of the biological yield, the number of pods per plant, and the seed yield amounted to (10.275 Mg.ha-1, 19.6 pods.plant-1, 2.825 Mg.ha-1), while the concentration of nano-fertilizer (225 ppm) gave the highest average for the traits of the plant height and the number of Pod per seed, pod length, the weight of 100 seed, and protein yield amounted to (86.7 cm, 5.6 pods.seed-1, 24.4 cm, 40.77 g, 0.655 Mg.ha-1). In the autumn season (2019), the concentration of nano fertilizer (150 ppm) has excelled by giving it the highest averages of chlorine content in leaves, biological yield, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length, and seed yield which amounted to (445.0 μg.cm-2, 7.815 Mg.ha-1, 14.9 pods.plant-1, 5.9 seed.pod-1, 23.0 cm, 2.484 Mg.ha-1). The concentration of nano-fertilizer (225 ppm) gave the highest average percentage of protein and the yield of protein amounted to (25.1%, 0.611 Mg.ha-1). The interaction between nitrogen fertilization and cultivars was significant in some traits of growth and yield and its components for the autumn season (2018), where the interaction between Aguadulge cultivar and concentration of nitrogenous Nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (150 ppm) gave the highest average in the trait of leaf area and leaves the content of chlorophyll which amounted to (8909.3 cm2, 46.6 μg.ha-1). while the interaction between the Histal cultivar and a concentration of the urea nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (150 ppm) gave the highest average in the trait of plant height which amounted to (89.2 cm), and the interaction of the cultivar and a concentration of the nitrogenous nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (75 ppm) has excelled in the traits of the bio-yield and the number of pods per plant (19.9 pods.plant-1). As for the weight of 100 seeds, the highest average of this trait was at the interaction between the Aguadulge cultivar and a concentration of nitrogenous nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (225 ppm) which amounted to (41.1 g). In the autumn season (2019), the interaction between the Aguadulge cultivar and a concentration of 150 ppm gave the nitrogenous Nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer gave the highest significant average in the trait of the leaves content of chlorophyll which amounted to (46.6 μg.ha-1), while the highest average of leaf area has achieved at the interaction between the Aguadulge cultivar and the concentration of urea nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (150 ppm) which amounted to (9125.5 cm2), and the highest significant average was achieved at the interaction between the Aguadulge cultivar and the concentration of nitrogenous nano-hydroxyapatite (225 ppm) in the traits of bio-yield and number of pods per plant, seed yield, and protein yield which amounted to (8.900 Mg.ha-1, 16.6 pods.plants-1, 2.689 Mg.ha-1, 0.671 Mg.ha-1), while the highest significant average was achieved for the number of seeds per pod at the interaction between the Histal cultivar and a concentration of nitrogenous nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (150 ppm) which amounted to (6.2 seeds.pod-1), and the interaction between the Aguadulge cultivar and an adding level of urea nano-hydroxyapatite fertilizer (50 kg N.ha-1) gave the highest average weight of 100 seeds which amounted to (47.0 g).

A factorial experiment was conducted in the nursery of the Department of Horticulture and Landscaping - College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul/Iraq. During the 2019 growing season to study the effect of chemical fertilization with NPK compound fertilizer (20: 20: 20) at three concentrations (zero, 125, 250) mg NPK. L-1 and organic fertilization with humic acid at three concentrations (zero, 10, 20) HA mg.L-1 in the vegetative growth characteristics of three cultivars of grapes, Rashmio, Taifii and Halawani, and studying all the interactions between the studied factors using the randomized complete block design (RCBD) for factorial experiments, with three replications and five seedlings for each experimental unit. The results can be summarized as follows:Chemical fertilization resulted in NPK compound fertilizer, especially at a concentration of 250 mg NPK. L-1 resulted in a significant increase in the height of the main stem of the seedling, the average number of leaves, the area of one leaf , the leaf area of the seedlings, and the dry weight of the vegetative and root system.Organic fertilization with humic acid, especially at a concentration of 20 mg HA.L-1, led to a significant increase in the height of the main stem of the seedling, the number of leaves, the area of one leaf, the leaf area of the seedlings, and the dry weight of the vegetative and root system.The studied traits varied according to the cultivated cultivars, where the Halwani cultivar was significantly excelled on the two cultivars Rashmio and Taifii in the height of the main stem, the area of one leaf, the leaf area of the seedling, and the dry weight of the vegetative growth.While the two cultivars Halawani and Taifii were excelled on the cultivar Rashmio in the number of leaves, and the cultivar Rashmio and Taifi was significantly excelled on the Taifii cultivar in the dry weight of root system.The bi and triple interactions between the levels of NPK compound fertilizer, humic acid concentrations, and the three grape cultivars had a significant effect, especially when treating (250 mg NPK.L-1 + 20 mg HA.L-1 for Halwani cultivar)in the length of the main stem of seedlings, the number of leaves for seedlings, the area of one leaf and the leaf area of seedlings.

The study aims to evaluation the governmental supply activity in the process of spreading herbicides technologies of wheat crop in Al-Mahaweel Agriculture Department/ Babylon province. The data were collected from a random sample of 60 farmers by means of a questionnaire in the interview method, as well as statistics for providing herbicides process in the Department for three seasons (2016/2017-2018/2019).The study concluded that the provided quantities of herbicides of wheat for the farmers of the department were few and very few for the above mentioned seasons, the deficit was amounted to average 17.86% and 62.15% for granular and liquid herbicides by follwing compared by the quantities of granular and liquid herbicides needed for control the planned area in the Dept. The study reached to conclusions such as: The Weakness process of providing the herbicides technologies of wheat crop is considered a clear indicator of the weakness of the government providing plan because there is no found effective plan for the providing of these technologies. The researcher recommended several recommendations, such us: Develop effective strategic plans in the providing process and spread herbicides technologies of wheat crop including encouraging farmers to increase areas cultivated by wheat which ensuring an increase in productivity and crop production. And the work of national production companies to produce local chemical pesticides to control wheat weeds, To reduce foreign imports of them, and encouraging local product and support prices for farmers.

The experiment was conducted in the vegetable field/ Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering/ College of Agriculture and Forestry/University of Mosul during the 2018-2019 agricultural season. To study the effect of planting dates 9/20, 5/10 and 15/10, and spraying with zinc sulfate at a concentration of 300 mg. L-1 and boron at a concentration of 60 mg.L-1 and zinc + boron in addition to the control treatment (water spray only) in the growth and yield of two hybrids of broccoli Parasio and Danar. The experiment was designed according to the Spilt-plots-System-within the randomized complete block design (RCBD) and with three replications, and the averages were compared with Duncan's polynomial test at the probability level of 0.05. The results confirmed that the planting date 9/20 and boron spraying for the Parasio hybrid differed significantly and gave the highest plant height 49.47 cm and the most leaf area 10511.4 cm2. plant-1, planting date 9/20 and spraying with zinc, boron, zinc + boron for the hybrid Parasio gave the most number of leaves 57.66, 63.00 and 58.26 leaves. Plant-1, planting date 5/10 and spraying with zinc + boron for the hybrid Danar differed significantly and gave more chlorophyll content in leaves 83.76, The planting date 5/10 and spraying with water only for the hybrid Parasio gave the highest percentage of dry matter in the leaves 29.37%, and the planting date 20/9 and spraying with zinc for the hybrid Danar gave the lowest number of days for the formation of the main flowering disc 44.00 days.

The experiment was conducted in the vegetable field/ Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering/ College of Agriculture and Forestry/University of Mosul during the 2018-2019 agricultural season. To study the effect of planting dates 9/20, 5/10 and 15/10, and spraying with zinc sulfate at a concentration of 300 mg. L-1 and boron at a concentration of 60 mg.L-1 and zinc + boron in addition to the control treatment (water spray only) in the growth and yield of two hybrids of broccoli Parasio and Danar. The experiment was designed according to the Spilt-plots-System-within the randomized complete block design (RCBD) and with three replications, and the averages were compared with Duncan's polynomial test at the probability level of 0.05. The results confirmed that the planting date of 20/9 for the hybrid Parasio and spraying with zinc gave the most length of the stem of the flowering disc was 41.20 cm and that the planting date of 20/9 for the hybrid Danar and spraying with zinc and boron gave the largest circumference of the flowering disc 47.86 and 46.73 cm, respectively. The seeding date was 20/9 for the Parasio hybrid and the spraying with zinc + boron gave the most weight to the main flowering disc 380.00 g. The most crown length of the main flowering was 7.24 cm, and the total yield of the main flowering was 16.938 tons. ha-1 and that the planting date is 20/9 and the Danar hybrid and spraying with boron gave the most number of secondary flowering discs 8.33 discs. plant-1.

Sulfur fertilizers were used in this experiment and the bio-fungus (Trichoderma harzianum) to studying the effect of each of them on the pathogen Alternaria alternata and on the total yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The results showed that the fertilization treatment with potassium sulfate added through the soil was significantly excelled compared to the control treatment with a percentage of decrease amounted to (66.31%) in the percentage of infection, the same treatment has excelled in reducing the severity of infection with a percentage of decrease amounted to (86.99%) compared to the control treatment in the growth stage (31). As for the growth stage (59), the superiority was for the bio-control factor for Trichoderma harzianum, with a decrease in the percentage of infection amounted to 84.22% compared to the control treatment. As for the severity of infection in the growth stage (59), the superiority was for the fertilization treatment with potassium sulfate with the bio-vaccine (T.harzianum) added through the soil at a percentage of decrease amounted to (67.47%) compared to the control treatment. While the fertilization treatment with potassium sulfate added through the soil was significantly excelled in reducing the severity and percentage of infection in the growth stage 77, with a percentage of decrease amounted to (97.78% and 98.81%), respectively, compared to the control treatment. The fertilization treatment with potassium sulfate had a significant excelling in the total yield, with an percentage of increase amounted to 30.17% compared to the control treatment.

The experiment was conducted in the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station belonging to Horticulture and Landscape department, College of Agriculture , University of Kirkuk, located at the university presidency in the Alsiyada area in Kirkuk province, during the season (2019-2020). In order to study the effect of spraying with humic acid (0, 2 and 4) ml.L -1 and chelated iron (0, 1.5 and 3) g.L -1 on some quantitative and qualitative traits of the fruits of two strawberry cultivars Ruby Gem and Albion. The experiment was conducted according to a completely randomized design (CRD) of three replicates 18 (2 × 3 × 3), where each experimental unit included 6 plants. The results obtained can be summarized as follows:
1. The fruits of the Albion cultivar were significantly higher in the number of fruits, fruit weight, fruit size, average yield per plant, Total Soluble Solids percentage , TSS / TA percentage and fruit content of anthocyanin pigment, while Ruby Gem was significantly excelled in vitamin C
2. The spraying was characterized by a concentration of 2 ml.L -1 of humic acid by giving it the highest content of fruits of vitamin C and the content of fruits of the anthocyanin pigment, While the spraying with a concentration of 3 ml.L -1 was excelled in the number and weight of the fruit, the percentage of total soluble solids and the fruit content of the anthocyanin pigment , and the control treatment was excelled in the total acidity percentage.
3. It was found that spraying with 1.5 g.L-1 of chelated iron was significantly higher in Total Soluble Solids percentage and TSS / TA and the fruit content of anthocyanin pigment. The spraying had a concentration of 3 g.L-1 in the percentage of total soluble solids, the percentage of TSS / TA, and the fruit content of vitamin C, and the control treatment gave the highest acidity.

The experiment was conducted during the winter season 2019-2020 at the Agricultural Research Station belonged to the College of Agriculture - University of Basra in the aim of determining the effect of treatment with silicon on the form of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) and Moringa leaf extract on improving growth indicators and the yield of the Galaxy hybrid, the experiment included 16 factorial treatments, which are four concentrations of silicon 0,1,2 and 3 ml.L-1 and four concentrations of Morinca leaf extract 0,5,10 and 15g.L-1, The experiment was conducted according to a split plot design system according to the Complete Block design with three replicates. The averages were compared according to the least significant difference LSD and at a probability level of 0.05. The most important results obtained can be summarized as follows:
The treatment with silicon at a concentration of 3 ml.L-1 resulted in a significant increase in the number of wrapper leaves (31.46 leaves.plant-1), head weight (1.17 kg), total yield (34.45 tons.ha-1), in addition to vitamin C (64.58 mg. 100 g-1 ), As for the concentration of 2 ml.L-1 silicon, it significantly affected the leaf area (10143 cm2), the percentage of dry matter (13.13%), the amount of chlorophyll (41.90 mg.g-1) and carbohydrates (55.99 mg. 100 g-1). The aqueous extract of Moringa leaves at a concentration of 15 ml.L-1 significantly affected the number of wrapper leaves (31.75 leaves. plant-1),Head weight (1.16 kg), the total yield (34.01 tons.ha-1) in addition to the amount of carbohydrates (56.98 mg. 100 g-1), while the leaf area increased at concentration 10 ml.L-1 and reached (10164 cm2),The bi-interaction between the experiment factors had a significant effect on all the indicators under experiment (number of wrapper leaves, leaf area, head weight, total yield, dry matter percentage, amount of chlorophyll , carbohydrate and vitamin C ).

This study was carried out at Animal field of Animal Production Department - College of Agriculture - Al-Qasim Green University using 16 male lambs to investigate the effect of addition of two commercial products of baker's yeast (CPBY) and their mixture on changes in blood parameters. The study included 4 treatments in which, ground straw was offered ad libitum whereas concentrate diet was offered at level of 2.75% of live body weight with two meals at morning and evening, without addition (T1) or with addition of the CPBY of Angel (T2), Super Maya (T3) at rate of 2 kg/ton, and their equalized mixture (T4). Samples were withdrawn from all lambs at the 10th week before feeding and 3 and 6 hours thereafter. Results revealed that glucose concentration was significantly (P<0.05) increased from 63.82 to 69.36 mg/100 ml and similar significant decrease in urea nitrogen concentration from 43.17 to 35.70 mg/100 ml due to addition of Super Maya CPBY. Whereas, effect of addition of that kind of CPBY on total protein concentration (TP) included its mixture with Angel CPBY. Thus, values were increased from 5.47 in control treatment to 5.75 and 5.67 mg/100 ml for both treatments respectively. Results of a current study also showed that all blood parameters were significantly (P<0.01) affected by time of withdrawing blood samples.

This study was conducted to isolate fungi were associated with seeds of some species forest tress and effect of fungal culture filtrates on germination rate. Samples of the forest tree seeds were collected from different locations in Sulaimani Governorate including Hewary Shar and Sarchnar from Sulaimani center and Derbendikhan and Dokan and Rania out of city center. Thirteen different fungal species were isolated and identified as; Alternaria alternate, Ascochyta sp., Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cladosporium sp., Fusarium oxysporum, Helminthosporium sp., Rhizoctonia sp , Rhizopus stolonifour, Penicillium sp, Pythium sp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Stemphyllium sp., and. Among these, R. stolonifour of isolated from Sarchnar nursery and A. flavus isolated of Derbendikhan nursery had the highest frequency of occurrence (46.67%) while both Fusarium oxysporum and S. sclerotiorum had the lowest frequency of occurrence (6.67%) isolated from Derbendikhan nursery. Seeds of Albizia (Albizi alebbeck) and Honey locust (Gledisia triacanthos) were soaked in culture filtrates of A. flavus and Penicillium sp. respectively and seeds of Albizia (A. lebbeck), Acacia (Acacia matius) and Persian lilac (Melia azedarach) were soaked in the culture filtrates of S. sclerotiorum and A. alternata and Fusarium oxysporum respectively. The result showed the lowest percentage of germination rate was after 48 hours of incubation with significant different as compare to control treatment. A total inhabitation of seed germination was also detected for F. oxysporum

Salinity decreases yield in arid and semi-arid areas. in the present study, the effect of treatment amino acid on cabbage plants grown on a saline soil (dS m-1) was investigated. This study was conducted during season of 2019/2020 at at Abu Al-Khaseeb district in Basrah/Iraq to study the effect of two amino acids proline at three concentration ( 0, 50,100) mg l-1 and cysteine at three concentration (0, 25, 50) mg l-1 and interaction between them on cabbage plants grown on saline soil at EC18.50 (dS.m-1). The results indicated that proline and cysteine significantly increased growth characteristics, physiological attributes and yields compared to the control. The interaction between proline at 100 mg l-1 and cysteine at 50 mg l-1 led to the highest levels of plant growth, yield. Proline and cystiene increased the endogenous proline and the activity of (catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) enzymes ) under salinity stress.The use of amino acids such as proline at 100 mg.l-1 and cysteine at 50 mg.l-1 had an important effect on cabbage plants to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity stress.

The experiment was conducted in a private orchard in Al-Hartha district , Basra province during the autumn season 2019-2020.In order to know the effect of spraying with iron nano-chelated fertilizer and adding Potgrond organic fertilizer to improve some chemical properties of the leaves of Jujube trees, Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. The experiment was designed as a factorial experiment according to a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with three replicates. Three concentrations of chelated iron (0, 1, 2) g.L-1 and two concentrations of Potgrond organic fertilizer (0, 4) kg.tree-1 were used. The results were analyzed statistically using the LSD test at a 5% probability level and using the Genstat statistical program. The results showed that spraying with nano chelated iron at a concentration of 2g.L-1 led to an improvement of traits including chlorophyll, carbohydrates, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and iron in leaves and it reached (3.56 mg. 100 g-1, 67.36 mg.100 g.L-1, 2.00%, 0.50%, 1.80% , 6.03%), respectively, The addition of organic fertilizer Potgrond 4 kg.tree-1 caused a significant increase in chlorophyll, carbohydrates, nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and iron, and it reached (3.31 mg. 100 g-1, 69.70 mg. 100 g-1, 1.90%, 0.46%, 1.67%, 5.13%), respectively. , And the interaction between the two study factors showed a significant effect on the studied traits.

This was conducted to study some quantitative and qualitative traits for meat of Iraqi Awassi lambs and dosed with flaxseed oil in the fields and laboratories of the Department of Animal Production / College of Agriculture - Tikrit University for the period from 10/14/2019 to 2/27/2020. In this experiment, 12 Awassi lambs were used, with average primary weights of 3.6224.18 kg, and their ages ranged between 5-6 months. The animals were distributed randomly after taking their initial weights and then divided into four groups, and each group included three lambs. In this experiment using the feeding and individual breeding system in cages, the lambs were numbered with plastic numbers and placed in individual cages (the area of each cage was (1 x 1.5) m in semi-open pens, the lambs were considered treatment No. (1) as a control treatment and they were not given Flaxseed oil. addition groups were given (0.06, 0.08, 1)% mL of flaxseed oil respectively. The concentrated feed was determined on the basis of dry matter at 3% of the live body weight, with hay being provided freely as a source of coarse food. The percentage of flaxseed oil was changed weekly depending on the increase in body weights of the lambs. As for the rib-eye muscle area, a significantly excelled(P0.05) was observed in the third and fourth treatments on the rest of the treatments. Also, significant differences (P≤0.05) were found in the thickness of the lipid layer, where the addition factors decreased compared to the control treatment , All animals were slaughtered at the end of the experiment. It indicated that the third and fourth equations (T3, T4) were significantly (P≤0.05) superior to the control treatment in live body weight, hot carcass weight, and empty body weight. As for the dressing percentage, the highest percentage was in the third treatment (T3) and the lowest in the control treatment (T1). The results also indicated during the physical dissection of the thigh cut that a significantly excelled (P≤0.05) occurred in the percentage of meat and bone compared to the percentage of fat.

A field experiment for the agricultural season (2019-2020) was conducted at two locations (Al-Hamdania, Talkif) to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer, its addition dates, and polymer gel on the yield traits and its components of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Talafar 3 cultivar. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used according to the split-plots system, with three replicates. The experiment included two factors, which are five levels of nitrogen fertilizer and its addition dates is zero, the control treatment, (40 kg N / H2 / 1 + 2/1), (40 kg / H3 / 1 + 3/2), (80 kg / ha 2/1 + 2/1), (80 kg / ha 3/1 + 3/2) and four levels of polymer gel (0, 0, 160, 240 kg.ha-1). The nitrogen fertilizer treatments and the addition date occupied the main plots in the experiment and the polymer gel treatments occupied the subplots. The results indicated that the levels of nitrogen fertilizer and its addition date achieved a significant increase in the yield traits and its components for both locations, where the level of 80 kg.h-1 and the first and second dates gave a significant superiority in most of the traits, also the levels of polymer gel caused a significant increase in the yield traits. The level (160 and 240 kg.ha-1) gave a significant superiority in most of the yield traits and their components for the two research locations, and there was a significant interaction in the yield traits and their components for the two research locations.

A field experiment for the agricultural season (2019-2020) was conducted at two locations (Al-Hamdania, Talkif) to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer, its addition dates, and polymer gel on the yield traits and its components of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Talafar 3 cultivar. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used according to the split-plots system, with three replicates. The experiment included two factors, which are five levels of nitrogen fertilizer and its addition dates is zero, the control treatment, (40 kg N / H2 / 1 + 2/1), (40 kg / H3 / 1 + 3/2), (80 kg / ha 2/1 + 2/1), (80 kg / ha 3/1 + 3/2) and four levels of polymer gel (0, 0, 160, 240 kg.ha-1). The nitrogen fertilizer treatments and the addition date occupied the main plots in the experiment and the polymer gel treatments occupied the subplots. The results indicated that the levels of nitrogen fertilizer and its addition date achieved a significant increase in the yield traits and its components for both locations, where the level of 80 kg.h-1 and the first and second dates gave a significant superiority in most of the traits, also the levels of polymer gel caused a significant increase in the yield traits. The level (160 and 240 kg.ha-1) gave a significant superiority in most of the yield traits and their components for the two research locations, and there was a significant interaction in the yield traits and their components for the two research locations.

A field experiment for the agricultural season (2019-2020) was conducted at two locations (Al-Hamdania, Talkif) to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer, its addition dates, and polymer gel on the yield traits and its components of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Talafar 3 cultivar. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used according to the split-plots system, with three replicates. The experiment included two factors, which are five levels of nitrogen fertilizer and its addition dates is zero, the control treatment, (40 kg N / H2 / 1 + 2/1), (40 kg / H3 / 1 + 3/2), (80 kg / ha 2/1 + 2/1), (80 kg / ha 3/1 + 3/2) and four levels of polymer gel (0, 0, 160, 240 kg.ha-1). The nitrogen fertilizer treatments and the addition date occupied the main plots in the experiment and the polymer gel treatments occupied the subplots. The results indicated that the levels of nitrogen fertilizer and its addition date achieved a significant increase in the yield traits and its components for both locations, where the level of 80 kg.h-1 and the first and second dates gave a significant superiority in most of the traits, also the levels of polymer gel caused a significant increase in the yield traits. The level (160 and 240 kg.ha-1) gave a significant superiority in most of the yield traits and their components for the two research locations, and there was a significant interaction in the yield traits and their components for the two research locations.

A field experiment for the agricultural season (2019-2020) was conducted at two locations (Al-Hamdania, Talkif) to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer, its addition dates, and polymer gel on the yield traits and its components of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Talafar 3 cultivar. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used according to the split-plots system, with three replicates. The experiment included two factors, which are five levels of nitrogen fertilizer and its addition dates is zero, the control treatment, (40 kg N / H2 / 1 + 2/1), (40 kg / H3 / 1 + 3/2), (80 kg / ha 2/1 + 2/1), (80 kg / ha 3/1 + 3/2) and four levels of polymer gel (0, 0, 160, 240 kg.ha-1). The nitrogen fertilizer treatments and the addition date occupied the main plots in the experiment and the polymer gel treatments occupied the subplots. The results indicated that the levels of nitrogen fertilizer and its addition date achieved a significant increase in the yield traits and its components for both locations, where the level of 80 kg.h-1 and the first and second dates gave a significant superiority in most of the traits, also the levels of polymer gel caused a significant increase in the yield traits. The level (160 and 240 kg.ha-1) gave a significant superiority in most of the yield traits and their components for the two research locations, and there was a significant interaction in the yield traits and their components for the two research locations.

The experiment was conducted during the winter season 2019-2020 at the Agricultural Research Station - College of Agriculture, University of Basra, with the aim of knowing the effect of treatment α-Tocopherol and Acetylsalicylic acid and the method of addition on growth and yield and its components of green Broad bean (Vicia faba L. )cultivar "Luz de otono". The factorial experiment included fifteen treatment consisting of a combination of five treatments, namely α-Tocopherol at two concentrations of 50 and 100 mg. L-1 and Acetylsalicylic acid at two concentrations of 50 and 100 mg. L-1 in addition to the control treatment (distilled water) and three methods of addition: 1- Soaking the seeds 2- Soaking Seed + spraying plants 3-Spraying plants. Split Plot Design was used with three replicates, and the results showed that the treatment with α-Tocopherol and Acetylsalicylic acid, It led to a significant increase in the vegetative growth indicators, which are plant height, number of branches, leaf area, dry weight of the vegetative total, yield and its components, which is the length of the pod, number of pods per plant, pod weight, the productivity of pods, weight of 100 seeds, the yield of fresh seeds and the total soluble solids, vitamin C, dry matter percentage, and protein, compared to plants that were sprayed with distilled water. The method (seed soaking + spraying plants) gave the highest values in all studied indicators of vegetative growth compared to the two methods of soaking seeds and spraying plants. Soaking the seeds + spraying the plants) with Acetylsalicylic acid at a concentration of 100 mg.L-1 gave the highest pods yield, which reached 44.532 tons .ha-1.The method (seed soaking + spraying plants) with Acetylsalicylic acid a concentration of 50 mg.L-1 gave the highest yield of fresh seeds reached 21,812 tons.ha-1 compared to the lowest productivity of pods and fresh seeds of (21.348,8.768 tons.ha-1), respectively when spraying treatment with distilled water and soaking with distilled water.

The experiment was conducted during the winter season 2019-2020 at the Agricultural Research Station - College of Agriculture, University of Basra, with the aim of knowing the effect of treatment α-Tocopherol and Acetylsalicylic acid and the method of addition on growth and yield and its components of green Broad bean (Vicia faba L. )cultivar "Luz de otono". The factorial experiment included fifteen treatment consisting of a combination of five treatments, namely α-Tocopherol at two concentrations of 50 and 100 mg. L-1 and Acetylsalicylic acid at two concentrations of 50 and 100 mg. L-1 in addition to the control treatment (distilled water) and three methods of addition: 1- Soaking the seeds 2- Soaking Seed + spraying plants 3-Spraying plants. Split Plot Design was used with three replicates, and the results showed that the treatment with α-Tocopherol and Acetylsalicylic acid, It led to a significant increase in the vegetative growth indicators, which are plant height, number of branches, leaf area, dry weight of the vegetative total, yield and its components, which is the length of the pod, number of pods per plant, pod weight, the productivity of pods, weight of 100 seeds, the yield of fresh seeds and the total soluble solids, vitamin C, dry matter percentage, and protein, compared to plants that were sprayed with distilled water. The method (seed soaking + spraying plants) gave the highest values in all studied indicators of vegetative growth compared to the two methods of soaking seeds and spraying plants. Soaking the seeds + spraying the plants) with Acetylsalicylic acid at a concentration of 100 mg.L-1 gave the highest pods yield, which reached 44.532 tons .ha-1.The method (seed soaking + spraying plants) with Acetylsalicylic acid a concentration of 50 mg.L-1 gave the highest yield of fresh seeds reached 21,812 tons.ha-1 compared to the lowest productivity of pods and fresh seeds of (21.348,8.768 tons.ha-1), respectively when spraying treatment with distilled water and soaking with distilled water.

The experiment was conducted during the winter season 2019-2020 at the Agricultural Research Station - College of Agriculture, University of Basra, with the aim of knowing the effect of treatment α-Tocopherol and Acetylsalicylic acid and the method of addition on growth and yield and its components of green Broad bean (Vicia faba L. )cultivar "Luz de otono". The factorial experiment included fifteen treatment consisting of a combination of five treatments, namely α-Tocopherol at two concentrations of 50 and 100 mg. L-1 and Acetylsalicylic acid at two concentrations of 50 and 100 mg. L-1 in addition to the control treatment (distilled water) and three methods of addition: 1- Soaking the seeds 2- Soaking Seed + spraying plants 3-Spraying plants. Split Plot Design was used with three replicates, and the results showed that the treatment with α-Tocopherol and Acetylsalicylic acid, It led to a significant increase in the vegetative growth indicators, which are plant height, number of branches, leaf area, dry weight of the vegetative total, yield and its components, which is the length of the pod, number of pods per plant, pod weight, the productivity of pods, weight of 100 seeds, the yield of fresh seeds and the total soluble solids, vitamin C, dry matter percentage, and protein, compared to plants that were sprayed with distilled water. The method (seed soaking + spraying plants) gave the highest values in all studied indicators of vegetative growth compared to the two methods of soaking seeds and spraying plants. Soaking the seeds + spraying the plants) with Acetylsalicylic acid at a concentration of 100 mg.L-1 gave the highest pods yield, which reached 44.532 tons .ha-1.The method (seed soaking + spraying plants) with Acetylsalicylic acid a concentration of 50 mg.L-1 gave the highest yield of fresh seeds reached 21,812 tons.ha-1 compared to the lowest productivity of pods and fresh seeds of (21.348,8.768 tons.ha-1), respectively when spraying treatment with distilled water and soaking with distilled water.

The experiment was conducted during the winter season 2019-2020 at the Agricultural Research Station - College of Agriculture, University of Basra, with the aim of knowing the effect of treatment α-Tocopherol and Acetylsalicylic acid and the method of addition on growth and yield and its components of green Broad bean (Vicia faba L. )cultivar "Luz de otono". The factorial experiment included fifteen treatment consisting of a combination of five treatments, namely α-Tocopherol at two concentrations of 50 and 100 mg. L-1 and Acetylsalicylic acid at two concentrations of 50 and 100 mg. L-1 in addition to the control treatment (distilled water) and three methods of addition: 1- Soaking the seeds 2- Soaking Seed + spraying plants 3-Spraying plants. Split Plot Design was used with three replicates, and the results showed that the treatment with α-Tocopherol and Acetylsalicylic acid, It led to a significant increase in the vegetative growth indicators, which are plant height, number of branches, leaf area, dry weight of the vegetative total, yield and its components, which is the length of the pod, number of pods per plant, pod weight, the productivity of pods, weight of 100 seeds, the yield of fresh seeds and the total soluble solids, vitamin C, dry matter percentage, and protein, compared to plants that were sprayed with distilled water. The method (seed soaking + spraying plants) gave the highest values in all studied indicators of vegetative growth compared to the two methods of soaking seeds and spraying plants. Soaking the seeds + spraying the plants) with Acetylsalicylic acid at a concentration of 100 mg.L-1 gave the highest pods yield, which reached 44.532 tons .ha-1.The method (seed soaking + spraying plants) with Acetylsalicylic acid a concentration of 50 mg.L-1 gave the highest yield of fresh seeds reached 21,812 tons.ha-1 compared to the lowest productivity of pods and fresh seeds of (21.348,8.768 tons.ha-1), respectively when spraying treatment with distilled water and soaking with distilled water.

This study aimed to use the fungal suspension of Beauveria bassiana and the pesticides (Leader and Mospildate) in controlling nymphs and adults of Bagrada hilaris on radish plants. The study showed the effect of the concentration (1.6 × 105) from the suspension of the B. bassiana fungus on the nymphs and adults of the insect, where the percentage of mortality amounted to (42.22% and 40.00%), respectively. The control showed the effect of different concentrations of Leader and Mosepileted on inhibiting the radial growth of the fungus. The highest percentage of inhibition amounted to (33.37%) for Mosepiletid, while the lowest percentage of inhibition amounted to (31.37%) for Leader. The study showed the effect of different concentrations of the two pesticides on the mortality of nymphs and adults of the insect in vitro, where the concentration (0.4) has excelled by giving a percentage of mortality amounted to (86.67%, 93.33%), respectively for Leader and (59.40%, 65.83%) for Mosepileted. The concentration of (0.2) for Leader and Mosepileted showed high compatibility with bassiana fungus. The effect was increased by increasing the concentration of the two pesticides. As for the effect of the interaction between the two pesticides and the fungus in vitro, the treatment of the two pesticides with the fungus has excelled on the rest of the treatments, causing a percentage of mortality amounted to (93.3%, 9.7%, and 96%) for nymphs and adults, respectively. While the interaction between two pesticides and the fungus recorded a percentage of mortality in the pot experiment amounted to (83.3%, 86.7%) for the nymphs and adults, respectively, and the interaction treatment between the fungus and the two pesticides achieved a percentage of mortality in the field amounted to (76.7%, 83.3%) for the nymphs and adults, respectively.

This study aimed to use the fungal suspension of Beauveria bassiana and the pesticides (Leader and Mospildate) in controlling nymphs and adults of Bagrada hilaris on radish plants. The study showed the effect of the concentration (1.6 × 105) from the suspension of the B. bassiana fungus on the nymphs and adults of the insect, where the percentage of mortality amounted to (42.22% and 40.00%), respectively. The control showed the effect of different concentrations of Leader and Mosepileted on inhibiting the radial growth of the fungus. The highest percentage of inhibition amounted to (33.37%) for Mosepiletid, while the lowest percentage of inhibition amounted to (31.37%) for Leader. The study showed the effect of different concentrations of the two pesticides on the mortality of nymphs and adults of the insect in vitro, where the concentration (0.4) has excelled by giving a percentage of mortality amounted to (86.67%, 93.33%), respectively for Leader and (59.40%, 65.83%) for Mosepileted. The concentration of (0.2) for Leader and Mosepileted showed high compatibility with bassiana fungus. The effect was increased by increasing the concentration of the two pesticides. As for the effect of the interaction between the two pesticides and the fungus in vitro, the treatment of the two pesticides with the fungus has excelled on the rest of the treatments, causing a percentage of mortality amounted to (93.3%, 9.7%, and 96%) for nymphs and adults, respectively. While the interaction between two pesticides and the fungus recorded a percentage of mortality in the pot experiment amounted to (83.3%, 86.7%) for the nymphs and adults, respectively, and the interaction treatment between the fungus and the two pesticides achieved a percentage of mortality in the field amounted to (76.7%, 83.3%) for the nymphs and adults, respectively.

This study aimed to use the fungal suspension of Beauveria bassiana and the pesticides (Leader and Mospildate) in controlling nymphs and adults of Bagrada hilaris on radish plants. The study showed the effect of the concentration (1.6 × 105) from the suspension of the B. bassiana fungus on the nymphs and adults of the insect, where the percentage of mortality amounted to (42.22% and 40.00%), respectively. The control showed the effect of different concentrations of Leader and Mosepileted on inhibiting the radial growth of the fungus. The highest percentage of inhibition amounted to (33.37%) for Mosepiletid, while the lowest percentage of inhibition amounted to (31.37%) for Leader. The study showed the effect of different concentrations of the two pesticides on the mortality of nymphs and adults of the insect in vitro, where the concentration (0.4) has excelled by giving a percentage of mortality amounted to (86.67%, 93.33%), respectively for Leader and (59.40%, 65.83%) for Mosepileted. The concentration of (0.2) for Leader and Mosepileted showed high compatibility with bassiana fungus. The effect was increased by increasing the concentration of the two pesticides. As for the effect of the interaction between the two pesticides and the fungus in vitro, the treatment of the two pesticides with the fungus has excelled on the rest of the treatments, causing a percentage of mortality amounted to (93.3%, 9.7%, and 96%) for nymphs and adults, respectively. While the interaction between two pesticides and the fungus recorded a percentage of mortality in the pot experiment amounted to (83.3%, 86.7%) for the nymphs and adults, respectively, and the interaction treatment between the fungus and the two pesticides achieved a percentage of mortality in the field amounted to (76.7%, 83.3%) for the nymphs and adults, respectively.

This study was conducted to evaluate the status of entertainment activities in Al-Hashemiya Corniche Park. The study included two axes, the first axis, the theoretical study related to entertainment activities and their global standards, and the second axis is the field study, which included:
1- Evaluating the status of entertainment activities in the park.
2- Knowing the opinions and desires of visitors regarding entertainment events by conducting a questionnaire.
Through the field study, the problems faced by entertainment activities were identified as follows:
A- The random spatial distribution of the entertainment activities, in addition to the fact that they are few and inconsistent with each other.
B- The area of the park is insufficient, which causes it to not accommodate the number of visitors during holidays and events during which the park is witnessing great momentum.
C- The lack of places designated for young people to practice their hobbies and desires, far from families in the park, due to the customs and traditions of the region.

This study was conducted to evaluate the status of entertainment activities in Al-Hashemiya Corniche Park. The study included two axes, the first axis, the theoretical study related to entertainment activities and their global standards, and the second axis is the field study, which included:
1- Evaluating the status of entertainment activities in the park.
2- Knowing the opinions and desires of visitors regarding entertainment events by conducting a questionnaire.
Through the field study, the problems faced by entertainment activities were identified as follows:
A- The random spatial distribution of the entertainment activities, in addition to the fact that they are few and inconsistent with each other.
B- The area of the park is insufficient, which causes it to not accommodate the number of visitors during holidays and events during which the park is witnessing great momentum.
C- The lack of places designated for young people to practice their hobbies and desires, far from families in the park, due to the customs and traditions of the region.

The two factorial experiments were conducted in the tissue culture laboratory of the Plant Production Department / Al-Mussaib Technical College during the period 2018-2019 with the aim of proliferating the rootstocks of the citrus Citrumelo in vitro, where the first experiment was to study the effect of different concentrations of benzyl adenine BA (1, 2, 3 and 4 mg.L-1) in the studied vegetative growth traits. As for the second experiment, it was to study the effect of three concentrations of NaCl salt (0, 50 and 100 mmol) by adding several concentrations of chitosan to the agricultural medium (0, 5, 15 and 25 mg. L-1) and study the effect of the interaction between the factors in vegetative growth for the resulting plants. The plants were multiplied by using the single node as an Explant plant, as the Node were taken 1.5-2 cm long and then immersed in an antioxidant solution (100 mg.L-1 ascorbic acid + 150 mg. L-1 citric acid) ,Then the explant was sterilized with ethanol solution (70% concentration) for 10 seconds, after which they were immersed in 1% sodium hypochlorate solution for 15 minutes. Then the explant was immersed in distilled water three times for 3 - 5 minutes each time to ensure the removal of the harmful effect of alcohol. The explant was culture 1 cm long containing single nodes in MS culture medium. The seedlings were incubated at a temperature of 25 ± 2 and a light period of 16 hours. The results showed that the addition of chitosan reduced the harmful saline effect of cultures, where the combination (25 mg.L-1 chitosan + 50 and 100 mmol NaCl) significantly increased the average length of shoots, the weight of the fresh and dry plant, the average water content and the chlorophyll content of the Cultures reached ( 2.55 cm, 305 mg, 48.4 mg, 285 mg and 1,301 mg. fresh weight), compared to other interaction factors. In the second experiment, the concentration of 2 mg. L-1 BA excelled in the percentage of multiplication, the number of shoots and the length of the shoots (90%, 4.2% and 2.9 cm) and the concentration 3 mg.L-1 in the average of fresh and dry weights of the shoots (263 and 43 mg).

The two factorial experiments were conducted in the tissue culture laboratory of the Plant Production Department / Al-Mussaib Technical College during the period 2018-2019 with the aim of proliferating the rootstocks of the citrus Citrumelo in vitro, where the first experiment was to study the effect of different concentrations of benzyl adenine BA (1, 2, 3 and 4 mg.L-1) in the studied vegetative growth traits. As for the second experiment, it was to study the effect of three concentrations of NaCl salt (0, 50 and 100 mmol) by adding several concentrations of chitosan to the agricultural medium (0, 5, 15 and 25 mg. L-1) and study the effect of the interaction between the factors in vegetative growth for the resulting plants. The plants were multiplied by using the single node as an Explant plant, as the Node were taken 1.5-2 cm long and then immersed in an antioxidant solution (100 mg.L-1 ascorbic acid + 150 mg. L-1 citric acid) ,Then the explant was sterilized with ethanol solution (70% concentration) for 10 seconds, after which they were immersed in 1% sodium hypochlorate solution for 15 minutes. Then the explant was immersed in distilled water three times for 3 - 5 minutes each time to ensure the removal of the harmful effect of alcohol. The explant was culture 1 cm long containing single nodes in MS culture medium. The seedlings were incubated at a temperature of 25 ± 2 and a light period of 16 hours. The results showed that the addition of chitosan reduced the harmful saline effect of cultures, where the combination (25 mg.L-1 chitosan + 50 and 100 mmol NaCl) significantly increased the average length of shoots, the weight of the fresh and dry plant, the average water content and the chlorophyll content of the Cultures reached ( 2.55 cm, 305 mg, 48.4 mg, 285 mg and 1,301 mg. fresh weight), compared to other interaction factors. In the second experiment, the concentration of 2 mg. L-1 BA excelled in the percentage of multiplication, the number of shoots and the length of the shoots (90%, 4.2% and 2.9 cm) and the concentration 3 mg.L-1 in the average of fresh and dry weights of the shoots (263 and 43 mg).

The two factorial experiments were conducted in the tissue culture laboratory of the Plant Production Department / Al-Mussaib Technical College during the period 2018-2019 with the aim of proliferating the rootstocks of the citrus Citrumelo in vitro, where the first experiment was to study the effect of different concentrations of benzyl adenine BA (1, 2, 3 and 4 mg.L-1) in the studied vegetative growth traits. As for the second experiment, it was to study the effect of three concentrations of NaCl salt (0, 50 and 100 mmol) by adding several concentrations of chitosan to the agricultural medium (0, 5, 15 and 25 mg. L-1) and study the effect of the interaction between the factors in vegetative growth for the resulting plants. The plants were multiplied by using the single node as an Explant plant, as the Node were taken 1.5-2 cm long and then immersed in an antioxidant solution (100 mg.L-1 ascorbic acid + 150 mg. L-1 citric acid) ,Then the explant was sterilized with ethanol solution (70% concentration) for 10 seconds, after which they were immersed in 1% sodium hypochlorate solution for 15 minutes. Then the explant was immersed in distilled water three times for 3 - 5 minutes each time to ensure the removal of the harmful effect of alcohol. The explant was culture 1 cm long containing single nodes in MS culture medium. The seedlings were incubated at a temperature of 25 ± 2 and a light period of 16 hours. The results showed that the addition of chitosan reduced the harmful saline effect of cultures, where the combination (25 mg.L-1 chitosan + 50 and 100 mmol NaCl) significantly increased the average length of shoots, the weight of the fresh and dry plant, the average water content and the chlorophyll content of the Cultures reached ( 2.55 cm, 305 mg, 48.4 mg, 285 mg and 1,301 mg. fresh weight), compared to other interaction factors. In the second experiment, the concentration of 2 mg. L-1 BA excelled in the percentage of multiplication, the number of shoots and the length of the shoots (90%, 4.2% and 2.9 cm) and the concentration 3 mg.L-1 in the average of fresh and dry weights of the shoots (263 and 43 mg).

The two factorial experiments were conducted in the tissue culture laboratory of the Plant Production Department / Al-Mussaib Technical College during the period 2018-2019 with the aim of proliferating the rootstocks of the citrus Citrumelo in vitro, where the first experiment was to study the effect of different concentrations of benzyl adenine BA (1, 2, 3 and 4 mg.L-1) in the studied vegetative growth traits. As for the second experiment, it was to study the effect of three concentrations of NaCl salt (0, 50 and 100 mmol) by adding several concentrations of chitosan to the agricultural medium (0, 5, 15 and 25 mg. L-1) and study the effect of the interaction between the factors in vegetative growth for the resulting plants. The plants were multiplied by using the single node as an Explant plant, as the Node were taken 1.5-2 cm long and then immersed in an antioxidant solution (100 mg.L-1 ascorbic acid + 150 mg. L-1 citric acid) ,Then the explant was sterilized with ethanol solution (70% concentration) for 10 seconds, after which they were immersed in 1% sodium hypochlorate solution for 15 minutes. Then the explant was immersed in distilled water three times for 3 - 5 minutes each time to ensure the removal of the harmful effect of alcohol. The explant was culture 1 cm long containing single nodes in MS culture medium. The seedlings were incubated at a temperature of 25 ± 2 and a light period of 16 hours. The results showed that the addition of chitosan reduced the harmful saline effect of cultures, where the combination (25 mg.L-1 chitosan + 50 and 100 mmol NaCl) significantly increased the average length of shoots, the weight of the fresh and dry plant, the average water content and the chlorophyll content of the Cultures reached ( 2.55 cm, 305 mg, 48.4 mg, 285 mg and 1,301 mg. fresh weight), compared to other interaction factors. In the second experiment, the concentration of 2 mg. L-1 BA excelled in the percentage of multiplication, the number of shoots and the length of the shoots (90%, 4.2% and 2.9 cm) and the concentration 3 mg.L-1 in the average of fresh and dry weights of the shoots (263 and 43 mg).

The factorial experiment for the 2019 season was conducted in the laboratories of the Department of Horticulture and Gardening Engineering - College of Agriculture - University of Basra, For storing Jujube fruits, two cultivars of Al-Tufahi and Al-Armouti .In order to study different concentrations of two types of antioxidants, which are ascorbic acid and citric acid, and the interaction between them, the effect of storage temperature on the organoleptic and specific traits , and the improvement of storability during different storage periods. The fruits were immersed for 5 minutes in a solution of ascorbic acid and citric acid at a concentration of (300,150,0) mg/L and a mixture of ascorbic and citric acid at a concentration of (150,150) mg / L and (300,150) mg /L and (150,300) mg / L and ( (300,300 mg / L ) for each of the two acids was added to the control treatment, then it was stored at a temperature of 4 C° ± 2 C°, A factorial experiment was conducted within a Completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicated the study showed the excelled of ascorbic acid treatment of 300 mg / L in reducing weight loss and maintaining the highest amount of vitamin C, the highest percentage of total phenols, the lowest amount of carotene pigment and the highest percentage of protein, as well as The treatment with citric acid excelled the concentration of 300 mg / L, The treatment of ascorbic acid the concentration of 300 mg / L + citric acid concentration of 300 mg / L excelled in maintaining the qualitative and quantitative traits of the fruits, a decrease in the amount of vitamin C, phenols and proteins, an increase in the percentage of weight loss and an increase in carotene pigment during the progression of the storage period. The treatment of ascorbic acid the concentration of 300 mg / L + citric acid concentration of 300 mg / L excelled in maintaining the qualitative and quantitative traits of the fruits, a decrease in the amount of vitamin C, phenols and proteins, an increase in the percentage of weight loss and an increase in carotene pigment during the progression of the storage period.

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of Lactobacillus plantarum or Mycofix® 5.0 into decrease or prevents the negative influences of Fumonisin B1 in some broiler productive performance, one hundred and fifty broiler chicks 1-day-old (Ross 308) form both sexes were used. The chicks were randomly divided into five treatment groups with three replicates for each treatment and ten birds' cages each for 35 day, The experimental treatments were labeled as follows:- T1. Basil Diet (BD) no other addition (Control). T2. BD containing 300 mg FB1/kg diet; T3. BD containing 300 mg FB1/kg diet +2g/Kg diet Mycofix® 5.0 ; T4. BD containing 300mg FB1/kg diet+1.5×108 CUF Lb. plantarum; T5. BD containing 300 mg FB1/kg diet +3.0×108 CUF Lb. plantarum. The results indicated that FB1 was significantly (p≤0.05) decreased body weight gain(BW), feed intake(FI) and the birds fed with an FB1 contaminated diet showed significantly higher (FCR) value than the control group. The supplementation of Lb. plantarum and the Mycofix® 5.0 to FB1 treated birds significantly diminished the inhibitory effects of dietary FB1 on growth performance character with no differences compared to the control diet and there were no different between treatments three, four and five and there were improvements compare with treatment two for most characters' result. To sum it up both of the bacteria concentrations in live mode who added to drink water for reduced the effect of fumonisin B1 achieve in significant way improvement in diet consumption and feed conversion ratio compare to normality.

The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station of the College of Agriculture / University of Kirkuk (Alsiyada field) in Kirkuk province, during the growing season (2019-2020).In order to study the effect of spraying with nano chelated iron at a concentration of (4,2,0) g / litre and gibberellin (500,250,0) ml /L, on some chemical traits of Moringa plants using two agricultural medium (sandy loam soil and loamy sand soil). Sowing seeds on the date (3/1/2019) in polyethylene bags, The seedlings were sprayed with nano iron and gibberellin until complete wetness by using 0.01% of liquid soap as a diffuser on two dates, the first on (15/11/2019) of the nano iron element and (17/11/2019) of gibberellic acid and the second spraying on (1 / 2/2020) of nano iron and (3/2/2020) of gibberellic acid, The experiment was designed by Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) according to the split-plot system and with three replications. As each experimental unit included 5 pots, The results obtained can be summarized: The use of sandy loam soil had a significant effect in increasing the percentage of protein, phosphorus and iron, and the medium had no significant effect on the vegetative and root traits and the percentage of nitrogen, potassium and carbohydrates in the leaves. The concentration of 2 g / L of nano iron led to a significant increase in the percentage of phosphorous and potassium in the leaves, while the concentration exceeded 4 g / L in the percentage of carbohydrates, and the comparison treatment was excelled on the percentage of iron. The effect of 250 ml/L of gibberellin significantly affected the percentage of nitrogen ,protein and phosphorous, potassium and iron, while the control treatment was excelled in the percentage of carbohydrates

This experiment was conducted in the nursery of the Department of Horticulture and landscape gardening, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, Iraq during the agriculture season (2019) to study the effect of chemical fertilization for compound fertilizers (NPK) (20: 20: 20), with three concentrations which are (0, 125, 250 mg NPK.L-1) and organic fertilization with humic acid (HA) in three concentrations (0, 10, 20 mg.L-1) on three cultivars of grapes: Rashmio, Taif, and Halawani, and studying all the interactions between the studied factors. The results can be summarized as follows:
The chemical fertilization with compound fertilizers (NPK) especially at a concentration of (250 mg NPK.L-1) achieved a significant increase in the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in the petioles of the leaves, the concentration of chlorophyll and the percentage of protein in the leaves. Organic fertilization with humic acid, especially at a concentration of (20 mg.L-1) led to a significant increase in the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the Petioles leaves of grape seedlings, the concentration of chlorophyll, and the percentage of protein in the leaves. The studied traits varied according to the cultivated cultivars, where the Halawani cultivar significantly excelled on the two cultivars (Rishmio and Taifi) in the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the petioles of the leaves and the percentage of protein, while the two cultivars were significantly excelled on to the Halawani cultivar in the concentration of chlorophyll in leaves. The interaction treatments between NPK levels, concentrations of humic acid, and the three cultivars of grape had a significant effect on the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the Petioles leaves , especially at the treatment (250 mg NPK.L-1 + 20 mg HA.L-1 for the Halawani cultivar) and the percentage of protein in the leaves.

This study was conducted during the winter season (2019-2020) at the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station belonged to the College of Agriculture ,the University of Kirkuk Al Sayada location. The study included two experiments (Rainfed agriculture and sprinkler irrigation) to knowing the effect of spraying with proline on drought tolerance for growth and productivity indicators of barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare),The experiment was conducted according to the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and by arranging the split-plot with three replicates. The experiment was conducted separately from the other. The main plots included proline at two levels (0 and 0.750) g.L-1,While (six) cultivars (Buraq, Samir, Al-Khair, Al-Hatra, Iksad and Amal ) were placed in the sub-plots. Field traits were measured during the vegetative growth period, yield and its components. The results of the study are summarized as follows: The cultivars varied in most of the traits, where the Amal cultivar excelled in the traits of average relative growth and the Samir cultivar in the trait of harvest index. While the Amal cultivar excelled in the quality of the grain yield, as it reached (3930.6 μg.ha-1), and in the trait of average drought tolerance with an average of (0.838), While the Iksad cultivar excelled in the weight of the 1000 grains, reaching (34.943 g), and the , Al-Khair cultivar excelled on protein percentage (14.150%).The mean of the squares of spraying with proline showed a significant effect for most of the traits, including the grain yield trait (3442.4 μg.ha-1), the harvest index (33,529), the protein percentage (14.091%) and the drought tolerance (0.756).There was a significant difference between the two experiments in the trait, where the spraying experiment showed its excelled on the trait , including the grain yield (38699 μg.ha-1) and the weight of 1000 grains, which reached (30.724 g).Whereas, the Rainfed agriculture experiment was excelled on the average relative growth (0.016 g/ g/ day), harvest index (33.394) and protein percentage (13.844%), and there was a significant difference between the two experiment in the traits.

The study was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Experiments Station, College of Agriculture, University of Kirkuk for the autumn agricultural season 2019/2020, To study the effect of adding Magic Leon organic fertilizer at levels 0-300 kg/ha to the soil and spraying with the nutrient solution Bio20 at concentrations of 2-0 ml/L three times every 15 days, and in three cultivars of onions: local white cultivar, local red cultivar, white cultivar( Syrian). The factor experiment (3 x 2 x 2 )using the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with three replicates. The most important results obtained can be summarized. Magic Leon fertilizer gave a significant increase in the length of the longest leaf, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophyll index, bulb length, bulb diameter, bulb neck thickness. The spraying with the nutrient solution Bio20 significantly increased the length of the longest leaf, leaf area, chlorophyll index, bulb length, bulb diameter, bulb neck thickness, which reached 62.78 cm, 152.86 cm2, CCI 16.73, 12.11 cm, 2.45 cm, 26.06, 2.23. cm respectively. The results showed significant differences in the total yield when adding Magic Leon organic fertilizer, while the effect of spraying with the nutrient solution was not significant on the total yield.As for the effect of the cultivars, the local white cultivar significantly excelled the local white cultivar in the number of leaves, leaf area, bulb length, bulb diameter, bulb neck thickness, total yield, which amounted to 7.33 leaves. Plant -1, 170.20 cm2, 12.27 cm, 2.86 cm, 2.59 cm The local red cultivar gave a significant increase in the length of the longest leaf, chlorophyll index, which reached 63.97 cm, CCI 16.75, respectively.