Imam Jaafar Al-Sadiq University Journal of Legal Studies

The state is order considered a precautionary and temporary measure intended to
protect the legal centers of the people concerned pending the Determination of the
substantive right in a lawsuit before the court .
Whereas the administration commences the implementation of its decisions as
soon as its issued and those who issued it may inflict irreversible damage in the
future.
Therefore the legislator gave the administrative judge the power to suspend
execution based on a request with an interest in that if the two elements of
use are available and the results of the implementation are not remedied in the
future by order on a petition the administration is obligated to stop its
implementation. In this respect he is sensitive to the apparent documents without
prejudice to the origin of the truth.

Considered the ICU sensitive part at the heart of any hospital is possible that reside in It ,
and in spite of serious cases taking place, which made up the majority of their nomination
(b terminally her recovery), but the patients still have the continuity of life their computers
(heart and lungs) despite the loss of consciousness to understand the object of criminal
protection against any behavior of trying to violate their right to life.
Since the medical profession professions granted by the side of the license law, but
making them one of the reasons is permitted, which represents a kind of immunity to the
doctor about the criminal responsibility of certain limits, and to look at the responsibility
of the medical team requires to ask the first two assumptions that the doctor is obliged to
exercise due diligence, which in turn the revitalization of the patient, using all means of
recovery to achieve the purpose for which these devices allocated on the one hand and the
fulfillment of his duties on the other hand, the hypothesis other doctor negligent in
performing the usual duties in this area or deliberately so in exceptional circumstances are
not conducive with the intended purpose of the use of resuscitation equipment
fundamental ways a negative result for the patient of the worsening health crisis or cause
of death
And be an intensive care unit management in public hospitals by doctors anesthesia
jurisdiction and residents either in specialist hospitals as a hospital heart or nervous system
is up managed by surgeons nervous system or heart surgeons, and certainly there is a
complementary category of work of the role of the doctor, but they are helpers of different
vocational list them who they role in providing patients terminally ill treatment, whatever
the case; the doctors and their assistants, despite being obliged to do the necessary for the
healing of the patient\\\'s care and not achieve the result of healing, it is possible that
something goes wrong, both located them are intentional or unintentional, and such
mistakes intentional incidence murder out of pity or refrain from installing resuscitation
equipment or the attack on the dead brain of violating the sanctity of his body in any
respect whatsoever, either unintentional mistakes and serious of which is represented by
mistake in estimating the error in the treatment or diagnosis of disease, and select it.
The mistakes referred to as a whole as possible to sign one of them by the physician alone,
or his aides, or it may be a common mistake among themselves so Artiana addressed the
role of the anesthesiologist and doctor resident older and their assistants from the
treatment in general and the industrial recovery, in particular, to determine the criminal
responsibility towards them stage

Tax crime is a social phenomenon that arises with human instinct. It is every
positive or negative external activity that constitutes an attack on the interest of the
public treasury in collecting its revenues and decided punishment.
The tax legislator obligates those charged with fulfilling the tax obligations, whether
stipulated in the Income Tax Law or the applicable Customs Law, to pay the imposed
tax on in determined time and to submit the tax return and keep the commercial
papers that reflect the nature of the activity and the amount of profits it earns from its
activity and notify the administration for any activity, It is also committed to avoid
the use of means of fraud tax or destruction of records, books and data in order to get
rid of the tax under the income tax law in force. And the obligation not to violate the
provisions of the law relating to the data Manafist (load), and is required to prevent
submit a documents or forged lists or the transfer or possession of goods or
commodities without a fundamental document or to perform any behavior intended to
evade the payment of customs taxes contrary to the provisions of the Customs Act in
force.
individualize the tax penalties of an administrative nature and choose the appropriate
tax penalty according to the circumstances of the offending taxpayer and the
circumstances of his crime, which is called the administrative individualization of the
tax penalty.
The tax administration issues administrative decisions to impose the tax penalty on
the offending taxpayer. They differed in the taxation of those exercising control over
those decisions, Some of them, such as the Egyptian legislator, granted the ordinary
judiciary the power to monitor them, and some, such as Jordan, gave the supervision
to a specialized judiciary. There are those who gave the administrative judiciary such
authority as the Lebanese legislator as for Iraq, the situation is unstable, It grants
censorship to special committees and at other times grants to the judiciary.
But he did not specify which of the judiciary made that control, is the control of the
administrative judiciary or control of the ordinary judiciary

Criminal liability for disclosure of government secrets in Lebanese or Iraqi law. This study
dealt with the criminal responsibility for disclosing the governmental secrets in the Lebanese and
Iraqi laws, as it was prepared by defining the governmental secret, the subjective nature and the
legal basis for its commitment and the interests considered in criminalizing the disclosure of the
government secret.
It was found that the commitment to the government secretary- cat ion started with a moral
obligation before it was a legal obligation and that the Lebanese and Iraqi penal law did not know
the secret of the government. However, it adopted the theory of public order in Article 437 of the
Iraqi Penal Code and article 579 of the Lebanese Penal Code. Articles the legal basis for
compliance with the government secret.
The text is general and divorced to include anyone who is aware of his or her job, profession,
industry, art, or the nature of his work in secret.
The difficulty of enumerating the professions covered by secrecy, as we dealt with models
such as employees, doctors and lawyers. In order to achieve criminal responsibility for the crime,
it must be in place, and require that it occur in cases where the legislator has permitted disclosure
of the secret, In addition to the criminal penalties stipulated in Article (437) Iraqi Penalties and
Article (579) Lebanese Penalties, this crime entails other civil, disciplinary or procedural
sanctions, We have not issued many judicial decisions, and we believe that the reason for this is
due to the lack of recourse to individuals for fear of spreading their secrets on a wider scale.
The study reached several suggestions and recommendations, among them a definition of the
government secretariat and recommending that the issue of crime should be given due attention
by raising awareness of its seriousness.

Can a mixture of tools of foreign policy succeed as traditional forms of power falter?
This paper examines whether the soft power within the framework of a smart power
strategy capable of exerting influence on others and attracting their support for the
country's foreign policy goals. After the concept of force has been overcome the
concept of power in its intellectual content transcends the military meaning to a
broader concept to include political, economic, social, and technological power, but
none of the sources of power, no matter how many, acquires weight and influence
once it exists, but this weight and impact is related to the ability to consciously
interfere to convert the sources of power into energy with capacity To make a
difference in the behavior of others. As a result of the changes in the patterns of the
international system, the concepts of power multiplied, and were divided between
different types of (Hard Power), Soft Power, and Smart Power, as the first concept:
It was and still is prevalent in its uses, as one of the tools The foreign policy of
states in winning wars, and the second concept: it is the ability for countries to
obtain what they want through gravity instead of coercion or temptation, through the
values of culture, civilization and politics in a country in its dealings in other parties
in the international environment .The research found that there has been a shift in
the use of forms of force from its traditional form (solid power) to a model consisting
of a box of diplomatic, military, economic, technological, and symbolic tools that
combines the two forms of solid and soft power that have been called smart power,
and the tendency of international politics to tend to adopt concepts of theory New
realism more than traditional theory.

The 2015 Iraqi Constitution is unique among other federal constitutions in the world in that its text states: “The current federal states since the establishment of the first federal state in Switzerland and the region have been distinguished by their constitutional texts, which are vague and cannot be overruled by the Supreme Federal Court. The Constitution also includes texts that prohibit the amendment of any law or regulation that conflicts with local laws, in addition to the Constitution making the powers shared between the federal authority and the regions to be What priority is given to the law of regions and provinces that do not belong to a deviant region?
The disagreement, meanwhile, is the misguidance of the previous federal constitutions in the world.
As we mentioned above, we wanted to point out the contradictions and the shortcomings and violations that the text of the Constitution of 2115 adopted.
In the first place, we present the distribution of communications between the federation and the non-affiliated regions and provinces.
In the region and in the current study of the constitutional and political reality in the Constitution 2

The required privacy of the international agreement. Hence, it is its furniture in the long term, and its appearance in the long term. The lender's interest in the guarantee is justified by the fact that it is not a charitable body that gives for free, especially when the bodies that provide international services, where there is capital in the contributing countries. Air relations, or what follows from the will and condition, and the international legal status, in the event that its role in securing the role of its state for the state is guaranteed by compensation, which is a kind of precaution against circumstances and their change from one state to another opposition. The guarantees for international borrowing raise a problem that is the focus of addressing this research, as the problem revolves around: What are the reasons that prompt the state to accept burdensome guarantees? This issue and others have been discussed in the issues of international financial policy, subject to the international lender, and this is what was discussed in the international issues