Engineering and Technology Journal

fhz hydtoctdcking o/ n-h.praae hrs been catliei, ovt ;n o Urxed bel
rctctot a, 20 bar prestute and taith X/n-tteptane ,rrdat Ntio of S rcirrg
4r,toloNi0-twt%Moo"ry zeolite as o ea*rlyst The ly/Fo ?orio ll,as wri;d
betwee S-J0lg.h/knal ot dillercnt rcution te peNtuft J2S, 350, J7S,
4M und 42fC. Thp ptott!.1w.rs halw.t bt gas chtumr o?raph!- The
follot W a.litiry otd$ was obtaineib
HbCult>Ciul+CrbMny.
lll fotnts of Zeolites (EY, CoY, Crlfy, C/y, tnd MnD wee pppare.t
$ori mobo ,alerrt cntiarric sotlturr, rype by xreaas af iol exchadge
procers. fhis modfurtion ua! catie.l o,tt to irrrproye the catals.,tic
prop*ries of NiO-MoOy'! zeolite curaltst The 'bh exchsnge airh Ct,
MtL Cu dhd CtA, werc rcshltcd the towett nte e)mparing wilh \H..
fhe reqctioft temperurk e inluerced tha actit'iry af NiO-rrrOrT zeorite
carsllsl lhe isome zarion afrtheptuie.t ains a,nL\irrrah at 375oC. i,
dtops sharyb at high$ k,npenlurcs. tn addition thc NiO-MoOr',t:rHy
.alabsl hat good qetiity lorra t isot reizatlon eoxqra.eil *irtt other
,lpes of ulallsts, fhe kinerics af ,he ,eo.,ion kas beer, studied Birrg ,he
co,rversior, fid ykw yalues exl,lomied ot ,ime ob sraea$, to zc; Trr"
experirrrental datu tterc fit t ell by a ps.rlafrrt ofllsr kirrctic equotioh
ah.l the kirretlc cohttaht ,olues obaain?al. ?he kirrctic patun etets of the
2-maahyl h*ane akd 3-msrAlt hesans haye be€r, ;brairre.t fto; lhe
t rl,isl seleciivities

The bssic aim of thk project k to deJine and in estigate ,he
Jlulrer condition which occr.r a, tke ping andlusetage oJ rhe ahcrltft
straat re D any fiyirrg aerofoil s,rch ss engirr. firrs dbring flighl
det diff.rent condirions dnd high sgee* *re.e ,he l rllet qr,tes
& ibration on lhe wi|.g arrd/aselage of the ahcrnfr sr retatrc ako o,
t,e stbctu.e of the frns whieh leads to a kish rhk of slrucl re
fi.ilarc, if lhese vibrations are hot con rolled. fhe projec, gires song
malhod of qrlculalirlg ll,ttlu also ,he project suggests sorne crawert
,o this problem U) girt g ah s.aatple ob attfoil Jins nodel tu .b.9
high telocity wirh the basic eqralioas a,td datd,

The behofior of alx ina-oxide based gben rcinJorcemen*
lor high lenperarure appliearion aomposire Drater;61s. Thase frbefi
s.tlferealfrox, a prueess of gain growthlebicatiat procest ard that
Lad to a gftst charrge of the pftpellies ol rtert Ta s,,tdy lhese
ellecls, tee examlne ., cofihelcially atailablc {albrrrirra) irrd
(atumindailica) Jibe$ whiah heat teated e, yr]rio*s tgt p'e.atare as
an reali g at 1100,1i00 oC, fo. up ro l0A h$ eh,trrges oS ttte Jibe,
lensilc creep sttess fuplaarc wirl, the fii$attrrrctaae charrges logethel
tpi t the heal beatmek wds shortu to be of, signif.car* elfecr,
eveciag! ob lhe ahtmir,tt fibq dnd shot t ., good deep behaior
{ercep reshla ce

Metal-\ebti Condnctor - Metal (MSM) photo delecrors ok
Inp: Fe with s la,eral pla.rer snudure (ilouble
SchofrLy photodiode) hao'e beettlLbricakd. the .letectot exhibits lot,
dirk euftetuts of nbo,., 6 rrA, tn irrrpulse rcsporrse ting ol tS
psec;, Full lridrh at hav tt e\trrrron (FW,IIM){2S psec). srrd afi
inretnol qudnrum efiickncy of 7001, o st t|y bias .
. Resporlre time is almost irrdependent ot biasirrg .t oltage, ,rhile tha
dapekdenee of photocr,r.ent on biasw .e/lect ,he incridrir,g in rhe qka um effrcienq\ me photoewre.rt increase lineaiy *ith
irrclden pare. ?q.liation for aU bint rokage greatet ,hon 0.6;.

In the presenl work, p-Ope Si resfer of {111) otic.rlolion and 3 lr.cm
.esistivtly had been doped vilh phospho, b! ,he.rndl diffusion
Wcess to f$bricate W junclion deteelot fhe naiD optoelectto,tie
prope tes of lhe labria&red detecrors N,e.e stuilieL Thrn Jilrns af
ullrapure Cq Bi, Ag' and Al were deposiled on ,he serrsil:De
^res
of
t e der?Aots (drnor side). O* the base ,rl lhe Lansrrritsio| arrd
absotprion pherromeha of lhe deposired fdmr, peuk respor,se dala of
lhese detectots tha, eo wr,tiodally al neat IR (E50-9AA ,uh) betore
,leposilion vas reiluce.l arrd resvlled ifi peok respanse a, 600 * 25
nm $let deposilioa

Magnertzarton deasiE,, ,reb.run .lifJldction and a qrin
polariaeal have beea fiade on trauiwn compouttds, Aoljo Waj. The
corrrpounds cohtaihw Pl, crtsra iNes ia rhe herdgondl NuS"
stntclbre ihe lpace g.oap po5dnna The Eeo1a, Ferr,,iol
Cohtpor.nd aBe13 ctystallizes in the etbic NaZnB stt tctt te wilh ,he
s1mee grotqt Fm5 c
Ift addirion lo lhe invesrtgation of the nuelear sirratu/es of tro
cottupoands ,he iftll efiee o,l th rn rgndi. degrcat ofJteedom or, ,he
phlsical ploperties has been itt*igatel, For A'd ,ha anil rction
elecAon play an importan ,ole. tt k to bt Lvected that ban,l
stract ,re effeca signif,can ty dererrr.ine ,he prupenies o! Upa al low
lzrnpetatltA b, corrlfas, for UBel3 tLe an&Aion eleciob derrsiE
of srales is lourld to be stgnificdrr tt st ratt* ,hat tn alpd, As thz
derrsiy of st?'tes at ,he Fermi level k p.alani atelt of 5f decbok
.haraete? in UB , this Hett'! Femion srsterl is ea$icr tu dro.lel
mdgnericalh) corrrpared lo Upn

This wo* aims ,o i vertigare the ,noin paramerers allecting noire
a,rd ribrulion errcot rlefeil i1 spr.t ge!$. They arc tot ior,al ,rresh
st{fness lt rd transrrrission efiot ,kruargh a eotnplele ayel . fEM,ss
used lor lhe theorctical o\pect of the x)otk .
ll a allzed and forrrrutared .rll ihe r,ecessar? asl,ects dearirrg t irl,
mesh sriffness ohd transmission errurs ,lgr si4gle and donbL pairs
ofsprlr leeth it tesh .
The ett?eiare al parl iat'obed , ,nan rlactutirrg o.f aetual spur gea|s
entbodied ir, eqrein eatal dg ,o irryesigale the pafirnere$
menliottcd qbove .The exparfunen at ra$u&s wetu cohrparcd tuirh
,hose obtairaedfrarn ,he thenrerfual fotmnloriorLe .
Il is shoteh thol the tarsianal stiffrest in?,eases fu rte cdse of
dauble paits and decrea$es ir, lhe ease d swe pai. , Alto oae ,he
,aain eonclusions lereated ,bat ths transmi$io,, eraot taried
sinsoidllly frort double pab rrresh to swe pah ficsh as to the horse
elfecr.

In this worh the da.k ahd light .hancre.isri.s of SeAb thilt fih$
heleruiu?tclion deposiletl on o p-*pe silicor s,tbslrale ,erc s,bdied.
Reasanable e hahtarnen s ir, €k-.*;col and rpe.4lat charycrerislics of
lhe aahieved strttcrure t ete bdXated ,hroughottt l-Y and C-Y
messutements i., [a* and Whr ftese resalls qr. aonqrsrcd to the
eases of Se/Si ot Sb/Si individuqA!.

Duc au the lack of phnning qgineers ahd ahzir expertise in
haqi enlerpises to set up the Msnufacturing ,oaes yoi the erg.
plr.ts li*e dies. wherc their work\ began ,trh id(;nlying a;d
allocatirrg references poina b hlerandng anl dimeniinig the
dra.wings, Fot thh purpose aa algoirhm sels up anl o progim ls
bailt up under Visual Bosic. The program is capabl" m iientify and
.ll?care (Iol elE dtowihg) these releturqe poirus oatomatically
ut.i,|g AutoCAD a, inpat/ output intcrlo.a Th leo6 ,o .!e.fto.r.
timc ond elforts arcomplished with occu%re and ?recision\
toler.ncing and dimebiiorring calc arirrrs. fhe pragaaz, eaa

Ct rbon steel ,rllo! Opes (ST-52-3RR) sre widelt used in
corstactirrg maarre enfitonmenh arrd oaher errgiaeeing sttuc,ural
adi&tiorrs due ,o ,heb gooil coftosior, resisaance, mecha*ical ad
plg$ical prope iet. L sr,ffefi froht conosio, qteeialbl ii sea water.
lr, ordet ,o brrpove the alw propefiizs and to prute.t i, ftoftl
corosion, ,he alloys ,ftr$t be p.otecled ir, ,narr!,nettods" Ir, ,his
study, s$tfaee codrifig technolog/ &sed ta provae 6ne of ,he
porlribllirier al corrrrol coflosiot anal to irrqtrote n areiat popeftier-
The srrtt ee coartngs aae @ied l)y ther.rral spa! ulating ,nelhod to
irrrprore lhe .oftoslob psterlrnce ol afio'\ (ST-52 -3 RR}
Themal splt y caarbrg i5 ,rsed d,E to ils high r.liatilitt, ease in
awEecrion atl operatioa, its c,ailafiW a&d av.rilcbilh, af the
fiaterial $ed in coating.
Elecrrochemical techniqttes irrel$ding porenio st&tic
meuselen en^ oae used ,ogerher teith irnfie$ior, ksn ir. 3.5% NaCl
,o erakare ,he paJorrrrance oJl the sreel (ST-52-3RR) in narirre
This srt d, indicares ,he bebefrciat of fie Albninurt pot ilet qray
e6d,ir,g ce^led by epo:ry codring ok dluxtin.rr. coqting lrryet due *,
lt e redkclion in carrosior, ru,a

lhttuct
-rn"
&e(huLticitl ptopc i6 ol lihet rhiot'ed lt"tollottit\
t.rit ta! ,n n libo l.ngA aid liblt t, .ntuth'1 'tirt'i'ntion
Nhi'h thtn'
n;he\ aft itihent:en hf te |1ru.e\tine contlitior' I thc prcsent \r]'k'
y;ttinLrs sia:t frhtr rtit,fon:?tt "rL", 'r?t ini&'k'lt DDUU'rl d l@ro't
i,ct' pr^:irt. k $n! lounn &c I'a.L p,^\tttt .f/'!x't on lib'tt' dbrbio't
h ;r: n,ildb,t ndttdi',i: a,r.l lht ttt.'(:hu i.al Fop? iet lik? t:onPtt\sit!
nt, hltI nLl ttt.\titl \^'hj.'th \ ut t \nh b& L l^ '\htr

1r, lhb search , lhe ellecl of tllte arrd confrgwalion of ele*ical
ehargiag eircuit or. rhe ope.alir.g dndpetlo rur$e ofdpulsed zEACA2
laser q,sstern $ere inw$rigated " At analtsk of ele*ical eieu*
ased wes plesenled arrd ,he restd^ obtaiaed indicqled lhe passibiw
of aperarior, ,rirtt t igb ertt ersioa efrieien ry of eleerti.al ls$er
errergt using a single-cq*ira, cha/gihg ai/cui, fhe chdlacterisric$
ol the chalgirrg chcai, and its effec,t on loset slsteri peFforrndrrc4
ere it toih.ced rhrorrgh rolraga-c$reil r ensare$aeftls. Tke
parumerers of eleclrieal eirct it were dele.rnine.d s..d charying
efieisrrcy of70"A u.t ded*.ed

?he ravarch include the capabiw of lraqi ion orc corr.eninlion
whieh is arailablz it AL-AARAA rcgior, by wet magrwrie .qorariol
"Ethod
sjler Hemdile ore reduction to (rrragielite ) b, ,rrdgneric
roasrirrg rrrerhod, arrd aier s,udying sonc ,arirbles .ehich *e ,he
roasling temperatvre ,the roasring rirne , the coEI qaorrit)' that is
addedlor con ple,ion of redkction ape*rtion it hoa been ck red tha,
Btealer pereent ol separalel iroa .abcentale wat ESol al 760"e ahd
the lirne of.oasting vas (l')hrtn . and eoat roasrinS qvanli4t |a{rs
Q)grfl trith stabling oJ other toriables ,,hieh are inpelkr speed of
wel megtteric selr$aiofi insl.naBrrt *hich was (250) crcle/rr.in, a^d
ire ,irrre o{ separulion ,tas (10 )m,n, and ,he parlicle siae *ras (-
2s)micnrn, and ,he q,utntiq of \epalotion *atgr lor Q)iet was $0A)
ilUiur.

Ih dradng processes sr,,ch a$ deep drcwirrg, ,he firrat $odtc,
shqpe is delirred by the tools, dre blarrk at d process lmtamete$. An
irrcorrec, design of rools ot olt), othe, pararrreter* s*eh as blaqt rnetal,
prers specifrcatlon .etc. ,nat, produce deriulng $hapz or fdiled sharre.
mh research et4fiirres ,he prctr 4.ation ol lechnicdl s"quenees yu
des$n of deep druN,i rg ,uols to prodace reetongdtrt or ieat
recldnguldt shapes, To achiet'e thit goal, I uarq tcd* i, crroser. Sreel
We St-14 is in ,he reeebed condirlot b selected is a deep lr,rair,g
mslerial