Journal of Al Imam Al-Adham University College

This research aims to present a controversial grammatical issue that deals with
the occurrence of the sentence as a subject or deputy agent of the subject. The study
has proved that there is a dispute between the Basris and the Kufis about this issue.
Furthermore, it replies back to some researchers who deny that this issue has been a
controversial between those two famous grammarian schools.
The Optionlists clarifies that the occurrence of a sentence, as a subject or its deputy,
is optional with no conditions. Whereas others assert the conditions.
The research also sheds some light on some of the opponent ‘ point of views concerning
this type of occurrence and discusses them in detail .In addition , the study
identifies Sibawayh’s approach to this issue, and whom many grammarians and interpreters
differs among themselves about it , i.e., some of them state that Sebawaya
allows the occurrence while others deny his support .
At last, the researcher gives his point of view which is the optionality of the sentence
occurrence but, under certain conditions :(a) the correct form, (b)the integrity
of the meaning and (c) not to resort to exaggerated interpretations which spoil the
intended meaning.

The study dealt with the impact of criminal penalties on reducing thecrime of
environmental pollution in Sudan. Although there are many legislations dealing with
environmental penalties, they have not achieved their goals and objectives. The problem of
the study was the difficulty of identifying the elements of environmental crime for pollution
and proving it before the competent courts. The study aims to identify the elements of crime
and the negative penalties for freedom for the crime of environmental pollution in the
Sudanese laws. The lack of health control in the countryside, Failure to report immediately
the crime of pollution, the study reached a number of recommendations, the most important
of which is to strengthen the punishment for the perpetrators of the crime of environmental
pollution, issuing a unified law on environmental pollution, giving citizens the right to
arrest and report the crime of pollution even if it is not harmful. key words: The crime of
pollution - criminal penalties - precautionary measures

Imam al-Adham College is one of the long-established colleges with roots in its foundation
and modernity in resuming its pioneering role for students of Islamic sciences in
Iraq and other sons of the Islamic world. The focus of attention of scholars and students of
science in various parts of the Islamic world at the time. And it continued in its scientific
endeavor through the subsequent centuries, and prior to the First World War, the Islamic
College of Iraq known as (Al-Adhamiya College) was planned and opened in 1329 AH
1911 AD and the study was organized there until the outbreak of the First World War. It belongs
to the Diwan of Awqaf and it became the largest school in Iraq and gained wide fame
among the higher institutes. The college is a great service to the noble Prophet’s Hadith and
its sciences, with its professors and students who have spread all over the world, spreading
Islamic sciences and moderate thought.

Praise be to God and prayers be upon his beloved, the chosen one, and his family and companions.
The Islamic nation’s need for something which illuminates its ways of life and places its hands
on solid education and high values is heightened, especially in the twists and turns of this chaotic
globe. This can only be accomplished by returning to the origins of Islamic philosophy.
If heritage research is important in general, it is especially important in the field of education.
Because they are one of the most dangerous gaps, we need to root education and education in the
lands of Islam, and build it on solid Islamic foundations and ethics; to prepare a generation that
knows what it has and what it owes to itself, its Creator, its nation, and all of humanity. Our scientists
have released from their penetrating views and valuable educational advice, which has made
many facts of education and its conditions in their time clear to us, and among these prominent
imams: Imam Badr al-Din Ibn Jamaah (631-676 AH), who occupied his life and devoted it to preserving
science, publishing it, classifying it, teaching it, explaining his arguments and explaining
his arguments and proofs, etiquette, ethics, and methods.
Imam Ibn Jamaah gave us a great heritage and riches of educational ethics in his wonderful
work (The Ticket of the Listener and the Speaker in the Moral of the World and the Learner(.
These morals are in the teacher’s attitude toward himself, his lesson, and his students, and include:
evoking a good intention in teaching, fairness in dealing with all students, kindness, working
with knowledge, cleanliness, purity, kindness, good appearance, and so on; with the need to
consider the teacher’s physical and psychological condition; so that his mind is not strained; and he
advised the teacher not to tell his students, except good-natured and empty-hearted people, about
everything that preoccupies the secret, and to pay attention to writing and scientific research, and
to adhere to its controls, and to make it part of the teacher’s professional and educational preparation;
to raise its level.
One of the teacher’s obligations is to work on discovering great students and caring for this excellence,
developing and following it, and viewing them as a vital human resource for the country
that must be developed further. The attraction of certain educators and teachers with Western and
Eastern educational philosophies now stems from our ignorance of what our distinguished scholars
left behind, or from our lack of awareness of what they inherited.

The novel in its first edition release is one of the best-selling of crime -fiction novels in
Egypt. In this study, the main character’s crisis( Father Hussein al-Zahar) was selected,
which then thrown its shadows on the son (Taha) to force him the involuntary entry into a
series of consecutive crises, the study was divided into :-
• preliminary entitled (access to the world of Dust of Diamonds)comprises an analysis
of the novel text, and its type.
• The first sub-chapter entitled (Father Hussein Zahar’s crisis)contains the analysis
of his true crisis and his qualities which enabled him to detail plan to murder and his selfcontrol.
• The second sub-chapter entitled (transmission of the crisis to son Taha)depicts how
this crisis moved to the Son, and how things evaluated from his hands and enter into the
world of loss and humiliation and then reach out.
• Then conclusion with the most important results, and a list of sources and references
that research and researchers

In the name of of Allah the Merciful
Exempting the beard from the rituals related to the religion of Islam, and the rituals
are considered greater than others. Since her commitment is from fear and fear
of God, and the beard is from the natural instinct that all of the prophets - may God’s
prayers and peace be upon them - preserved; It was proven in the Sahih of Imam
Muslim on the authority of the Mother of the Believers Aisha - may God be pleased
with her - that the Prophet - may God’s prayers and peace be upon him - said: “Ten
things are part of the fitrah: trimming the mustache, letting the beard grow…”[23]
and a number of scholars interpreted it as the sunna of the fitrah. The ancient preserved
by the prophets - may blessings and peace be upon them - and on which the
individual was formed and brought up.

At the end of the research, there is a conclusion in which the researcher presents what
he reached at the end of his research, which is as follows: The collections of contemporary
Islamic poets filled with poems pertaining to the mother, The topics pertaining to the mother
that the poets discussed varied, so it came from them in the mother’s lament, praising the
mother, the mother’s scientific standing, nostalgia for the mother, and other topics that
the researcher paused in the objective study, With regard to the language of expression
among the poets, we found the poets to rely on a lexical lexicon that fits the topic the poet
talks about and expresses his thoughts and feelings towards, The multiplicity of methods
chosen by the poets, some of them are of the constructive methods represented by a group
of methods, including: inquiry, appeal, wishful thinking and others, and some of them
followed the style of storytelling in expressing their affection towards the mother, The
poets were distinguished by coloring their poems in various poetic images, including the
analogous image that had a clear presence in the selected texts with regard to music, their
poems were distinguished by the external music represented by rhythm and rhyme and the
internal music represented by repetition, counterpoint, alliteration and dashing.

Research summary entitled: ((The basic sentence in grammar and its importance))
The basic sentence is a term that I extracted from the extrapolation of the types of sentences
mentioned by the grammarians, and I defined it as follows: the useful sentence is a sentence that
could not add to it, does not accept the deficiency, and omission could be included within.
Importance of research: The basic sentence is the root of all sentences in which we understand
the deconstruction of sentences and their parsing.
The research problem: There is a clear weakness in the parsing of the sentence, and weakness
in the knowledge of the root on which the parsing is based, which is the basic sentence.It was not
given its right in the grammatical lesson to understand the foundations from which the understanding
of the sentence and its parsing stems.
Keywords: (Sentence, basic, facilitation, grammar, parsing)
The research was divided into two chapter: the first is the theoretical chapter, and the second is
the applied chapter.
The theoretical chapterinvolved two sections:The first section contained the useful sentence,
the basic sentence, its pillars, and its importance. While the second section included the basic
sentence types.
The applied chapter embraced applied examples and also divided into two sections: The first section
comprised examples of the original basic sentence, and what happened to it.The second section
constituted applied models for deconstructing sentences, and the effect of the main sentence.
Dr. Ahmed Saeed Alwan, IMAM A’ADHUM University College / Department of Arabic Language.

After the full search, the discussion was summarized in brief useful words, without
a dull length and no disinformation, as the subject of the research came to clarify
the islamic provisions related to deletion, the difference and agreement between
the jurists in the estimation of the deleted, and its effect in the development of the
jurisprudential provisions that . differ in them and agreed upon
The deletion was defined in language and terminology, and it showed the importance
of deletion and its place among the authors of rhetoric, jurisprudence and its origins,
through two generous and three prophetic hadiths that showed the deletion and the
estimation of the deleted, and the statement of the difference between the jurists and
their agreement in the jurisprudential provisions derived based on the estimation of
. this omission

One of the most prominent characteristics of Islamic law is ease, ease, and
tolerance for the servants. If a problem is found in a matter that is a burden
that is occasional to the taxpayer, then the Sharia relieves him and permits
him to do what falls under his ability without embarrassment, or hardship,
and the research came inclusive of a preamble and three topics. I dealt with in
the preamble: the meaning of the ruling and its sections, and the license from
which of the sections, and it dealt with in the first section: the definition of the
license linguistically and idiomatically, the words and formulas that indicate
it, and the evidence for its legitimacy, and it dealt with in the second section:
the reasons for the license, its divisions, and the controls for its adoption, and
it was dealt with in the topic The third: the license and its impact on the sale of
salam, and its conclusion: it included the most important findings.

It is no exaggeration and cynicism to say that Islamic law has surrounded all
human rights, provided adequate judicial guarantees to protect it, and affirmed
the right of litigation and recourse to justice for every human being to obtain
his right and defend him against any aggression, the Islamic law gives this
right for every human being and it did not leave the door opening and allege
all who he wishes to whom he wishes without proof, evidence or proof of his
claim, nor did the Islamic law leave the suspicion of committing a crime or
crime without rights reserved by human dignity and protected, there were guarantees
to protect the rights of this person Which overlooks The most important
of these rights is that the accused is innocent until proven guilty, in addition to
other rights guaranteed by the Islamic Shari’a to the accused both before and
during interrogation. This is what we have discussed in this humble research.

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and the most honorable prayer and peace be upon the
master of the first and the last, our master, Muhammad, the chosen, the trustworthy, and upon his
pious and pure family, his faithful companions, and those who followed them in goodness until the
Day of Judgment, may Allah Almighty be pleased with them all.
The Arabic language has enjoyed great efforts in order to preserve its pronunciation intact
from the impurities of mispronunciation, pure from the manifestations of the accent, and these
efforts were linked to the emergence of Islam in the Arab countries, and the emergence of the Holy
Qur’an was the cause of the emergence of new sciences that the Arabs had not been acquainted
with before, including language sciences, which was characterized by inclusion of all aspects of
the known linguistic lesson such as phonetics, morphology, grammar and lexicography.
The Arabs knew the science of phonetics, but they did not mention a literature of theirs as
they mentioned the science of rhetoric, grammar, and the science of tajweed, but its researches
were found amongst those sciences to an extent that it can be said that the science of phonetics
was a science with clear and specific features, a good evidence of that is the tajweed, which is a
phonetics science, used terms that were found in the phonetic investigations that were known to
grammarians and linguists. Had it not been for the discussions of tajweed were limited to reading
the Qur’an, it would have been the science of phonetics in Arabic.
It is known that the main vowels in Arabic are three: the fatha, the damma, and the kasra. In
pronunciation they have an amount that the speaker must consider without addition or subtraction.
The scholars of Arabic have emphasized the importance of preserving their quantities without
attenuation that leads to their stillness, nor satiation that leads to their stretch until the vowel
becomes a letter.
The scholars of intonation have noticed that the composition of the vowels is subject to change,
which may lead to its deletion or shortening, so they talked about this phenomenon and identified
its locations and distinguished its degrees, a matter which many Arabic scholars since the time
of Sibawayh talked about. In this research, we wanted to deal with the changes that occur on the
vowels such as ishmam (joining the lips after an ending consonant), ikhtelas (performing two
thirds of the vowel) and ishbaa (performing full vowel), we will study them scientifically, in a way
that shows their identity, how they occur, and the opinions of scientists about them. In order to
reach this goal, the research is divided into three main sections:
The first topic: It came under the title (ikhtelas and its absence)
The second topic: It came under the title (Between the ishmam and its absence)
The third topic: It came under the title (ishbaa)
In conclusion, I hope that this study has given the subject its due and that the researchers benefit
from it, as the research has reported from others
and praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds

Theology is one of the original Islamic sciences that fall as one of the most
important branches of the science of the fundamentals of the Islamic religion،
so what is its origin، basis and emergence of this science and was it at the
hands of the Prophet Muhammad، may God bless him and grant him peace?
To crystallize later as an independent science with this name، and what are the
models that the scholars deduce from، that he، may God bless him and grant him
peace، knows the rules of theology، and its proof of transmission and mental
evidence، and arguments with opponents. So did the Messenger Muhammad،
may God’s prayers and peace be upon him، really prove the Islamic belief in
transmission and reason، establishing the science of theology، and what are the
evidences from which religious scholars have deduced later on this

The Holy Qur’an has given a large space for thought to be enlightened through it
and guided to elevate the human soul towards a true understanding of this existence,
and to ascend to the true places of worship of God Almighty, shedding light on
those who live in the house and the shroud of the prophets from The first degree
and they are the people of their household, as they are preparing a flag of the earth
that guides them, Where the Quranic story showed the strengths and weaknesses in
the psychological formation, and the enlightened way to direct and guide souls to
life, and we note the Qur’anic description of the attitudes of inferiority, we see that
the human soul’s detachment from the source of guidance and contentment with the
abyss of perdition as an alternative, despite the presence of: a prophet, a message,
and a miracle. And my research came only to show how the soul avoids falling
into delusion, and the intellectual conflict and cultural conquest that the arena is
witnessing is accelerating, transmitted through false ideas and bright tongues to our
societies.

Surat Al-Hadid is one of the seven glorified surahs. They are: Al-Isra’، Al-Hadid، Al-Hashr،
Al-Saff، Al-Jumu’ah، Al-Taghabun and Al-A’la. There are no prophetic hadiths stating their
merit in particular، but there is a hadith that includes all the rosaries، in which Al-Irbad bin
Sariyah relates that the Messenger of God، may God bless him and grant him peace، “went
reciting the rosaries before he fell asleep، and he said: There is a verse in them that is better
than a thousand verses”.
The idea of the research revolves around the types of Arabic sentence mentioned by
linguists and which are mentioned in Surat Al-Hadid. The aim of the research was to clarify
the patterns of sentences that were mentioned in the surah، and the significance of each of
these types
The research was divided into four demands preceded by an introduction and followed by a
conclusion، and then proven with a list of sources and references. It has been shown that the
actual sentence is the most frequent، so it came in (١١٦) places، then the nominal sentence
and it was mentioned in (٤٠) places in the surah، then the adverbial sentence in (٢٢) places،
then the last of it is the conditional sentence in (٨) places. Dictionaries، interpretations and
grammar books have been adopted in the subject of this research. It is God’s success

The family is the foundation of society, and the most important pillars of
it are the youth. It results in a strong, cohesive generation, with good morals
and righteous deeds. Otherwise, it produces a generation that is deviant from
morals, morals and values, and what should be taken care of is the dissemination
of Islamic morals in all available and possible means, while taking care to
exploit young people in the service of their religion and the reconstruction of
their countries, and care for the talented among them. , and provide specific
programs to achieve this.

This study came to show the most important features of moderation in the honorable
biography of the Prophet. In the first topic، it showed the concept of moderation in the
Holy Qur’an، the honorable Sunnah and language dictionaries. It was found that the
concept of moderation is a comprehensive concept of the meaning of justice، goodness and
integrity. Moderation in Sharia is a divine approach that prevents the slave from unfairness،
injustice and negligence. As for the second topic، it included a statement of the concept of
moderation and moderation in the Islamic faith. In the third topic، it dealt with the features
of moderation in the noble Prophet’s guidance. Then، this study concluded with the most
important results it reached، including that the term Wasatiyah is a legal term that can only
be achieved by referring to the Holy Qur’an and the honorable biography of the Prophet.

The interpretation of Ibn Arafa is one of the analytical linguistic commentaries
that contain various sciences and concepts, and one of his sources he relied is Al
Shatibiya system on the seven readings. It is a fundamental pillar in the science of
readings that was the focus of the researchers ’interest diving into its secrets and
discovering its sciences, and Ibn Arafa followed a distinguished approach by citing
its verses in his interpretation. In order of the reader to benefit from the faces of
reading and the disagreement therein, I followed that approach according to the
approach of inductive study, including standing on problems in Shatibiyya and
presenting appropriate solutions to them, explanation of what meaning is fanciful
from the apparent verses, and the representation of its systems based on the rules
of the Arabic language and criticism of al-Shatibi in it, his response to those who
misunderstanding the meaning of the meanings of its verses, defending of what
delusions the contradiction in the system, and his remedy for the words of the
commentators when presenting examples of them, and on those who claim a method
for al-Shatibi in places of his compilation and not in it, and his interpretation of the
verse in the sense of the noble Prophet’s hadith As it was mentioned in Al-Shatibiya,
and his acquaintance with other systems of Al-Shatby; Such as readings and drawing
of the Qur’an; Hence, the interpretation of Ibn Arafa and Shatibiya was a destination
for scholars to benefit from and benefit in various parts of the world .
Key words: Tafsir Ibn Arafa, Al-Shatibi, approach.

This research aims to indicate the guidance of the verbal similarity in the
Holy Qur’an to Imam Ibn Jazi al-Kalbi Al-Gharnati (T741H) in his interpretation
of the facilitation of download sciences in Sura al-Kahf, in which the
researcher addressed three issues of verbal similarity: individuality and paganism,
The mention, deletion, deletion and increase, as the Qur’anic evidence
sought by Imam Ibn Jazi was collected and compared these directives with the
words of the interpreters, and the researcher followed the method of descriptive
analytical research, through which she tries to find out what characterized
the way these verses are presented to the verbal similarity.