Journal of Al-Farahidis Arts

This research aims to study the morphological forms of the word \\"Nasr\\" (victory) in the verses of the Holy Quran, in light of an analysis of its morphological weights and the diversity of its meanings according to the Quranic context. The study revealed that the selection of morphological forms is subject to a precise system that reflects specific connotations intended by the speaker, which helps in understanding Quranic texts more deeply. The research also demonstrated the effect of morphological transformations in highlighting the intended meanings, whether in verbs, derivatives, or nouns, while counting the occurrences of these forms and classifying them according to weight and meaning. The results demonstrated the importance of linking the morphological form, its weight, and its meaning to the facts of linguistic analysis of the Quranic text, as they influence the determination of the precise meaning of the text, thus reflecting the aspects of linguistic miracle in the verses of the Holy Quran.

Children\\'s literature is one of the fundamental fields of modern literary studies, given its pivotal role in building children\\'s awareness and shaping their conscience and social values. This research examines the representations of social values in the collection \\"Swings Singing for Children\\" by the Syrian poet Suleiman Al-Essa, focusing on the importance of values in shaping children\\'s cultural and moral patterns, and the history of children\\'s literature as an educational and cultural space. The research is based on five main axes that address the most prominent social values reflected in the poetry texts in the collection. The axes were represented by an extrapolation of the values of freedom, which are practiced within the limits of respect for the rights of others, and the values of belonging and identity, which enhance children\\'s awareness of their social and cultural environment. The research also addresses the values of respect and apology as a pillar for building human relationships, and calls for correcting ideas as a method for liberating children\\'s minds from biases and misconceptions. Finally, the research reviewed the role of poetic texts in investing in children\\'s imagination by evoking the worlds of jinn in a way that aims to enrich imagination, stimulate creativity, synthesize jinn, and break the barrier of fear of them. The importance of this literature appears in its role as a means of raising children and shaping their social awareness through poetic texts that combine simplicity and depth, thus achieving their educational and pedagogical message. Al-Essa\\'s collection represents a unique model in consolidating values through directed poetry that takes into account the child\\'s psychological and cognitive needs.

Semantics is an effective element and a main pillar in formulating the system, as it is the tributary that is considered one of the important elements that reveal the deep structure in the text of the Maqamat. It gives it a systematic and aesthetic coherence, and confirms the thematic unity and artistic consistency, and the intensification of the rhythmic structure, as the art of the maqamat depends mainly on rhyme, assonance, duplication, and other rhetorical images. In addition to that, it is considered like the connecting thread that unites the maqamat, whether in terms of style or structural repetition, despite its multiplicity. The rhetorical system in it adds a rhythm and an audible musical tone that leaves an impact on the recipient’s soul, from which the systems derive their existence as an art and a trend in formulating the pillars of prose and poetry alike to reach the desired meaning that it seeks within the framework of the literary text in which it was born. In addition to that, the system seeks to achieve thematic unity, within a coherent artistic framework, which contributes to determining the structure of the maqamat in terms of the knot and the solution. The system also seeks to create a balance between language and the critical or social content that the maqamat includes. In light of this research, we shed light on the semantic system as the technique that represents the most important phenomenon of the artistic values that the artistic structure and poetic values of the Maqamat of Badī’ al-Zaman al-Hamadhānī are embodied, and one of the stylistic dominants. We studied the texts of the Maqamat, and made an effort to analyze, study, and comment on them. In this research, I relied on the book (Maqamat of Badī’ al-Zaman al-Hamadhānī), with attention to the significance of the system in the poetics of the juxtaposition that establishes the metaphor in the significance of the Maqamat, which we will point out its presence in the Maqāmah; because it exists in the imagination of the recipient, stimulated by the language in light of its data and its ability to suggest, and therefore it was necessary to study the significance of the system in the poetics of narrative news, as the news is considered one of the most prominent Arabic narrative forms. Then I concluded the research with a conclusion in which I mentioned the most important results that I reached, and I appended the research with the sources that I relied on in writing it.

Reading a literary text as a semiotic object open to various critical practices, urging reading, allowing for different perspectives, and suggesting multiplicity, is not absolute in accordance with an unconditional infinity. For the individuality of the reading self, it is based on the reader\\'s prior perceptions, which exercise their authority in terms of the initial and referential foundations of critical judgments. This can be formulated under the name: \\"initial assumptions,\\" whose influence we have found in the hermeneutic trend of Hans-Georg Gadamer, as well as in the trend of reading and reception theory of Wolfgang Iser. This is what we address in our research entitled: (Initial assumptions in reading a literary text \\"Between Gadamer\\'s hermeneutics and Iser\\'s reception\\").
The pretext for our vision is attributed to the sovereignty of intellectual systems, and the prestige of critical convictions that documented their objectivity in a way that is not accepted by the imaginative specificity of the literary text more precisely. As we examine the interplay between Gadamer and Iser, the research is divided into two requirements. The first includes: the initial assumptions in Gadamer’s hermeneutics, addressing two axes: presuppositions and the historicity of understanding, while the second requirement contains the initial assumptions in Iser’s reception, addressing two axes: the laws of reading, and expectations as a technical alternative to concepts, to conclude with the most prominent results that crystallized this interplay in the two theories, through the immediacy of assumptions in Iser’s vision, and the priori assumptions in Gadamer’s vision.

The research dealt with the investigation of a scientific manuscript that included morphological material for irregular plurals by deleting the extra letter, specifically for those that exceed the triliteral, including those when pluralized by Ibn Hisham Al-Ansari. Despite its small size, and because its author, Ibn Hisham, gave it distinction and scientific value; Because of Al-Ansari\'s significant presence in the Arabic sciences, he is a distinguished scholar who authored numerous books, commentaries, and extensive works.
The manuscript is considered one of the rare, unverified works by Ibn Hisham Al-Ansari, especially since it lacks a title or author\'s name on its first pages. It contains a number of inaccuracies in preservation and arrangement, which led to its details being lost and it was not verified. This is until I found it, read it, and arranged its panels according to the logic of contextual hierarchy. I then read it carefully and scrutinized it, and found phrases that unequivocally indicate that Its author is Ibn Hisham al-Ansari, and what confirms its attribution to him is that its style is sublime, and its language is powerful, and could only come from a great and generous scholar, the owner of a unique scientific treasure like Ibn Hisham. So, I sought to verify it, study it, and revive it after it had been on the shelves of libraries for nearly six centuries.

This research aims to study the style of arousal and incitement and its application to the hadiths of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). This style is a rhetorical device used to motivate, encourage, and alert. The research examines the origins of rhetorical terminology to identify the most important methods and techniques addressed in the hadiths of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), such as the conditional style, arousal, and implicit incitement.

The issue of neglect and the use of linguistic roots has occupied the minds of linguists for a long time, and perhaps the first to draw attention to this important matter was Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad Al-Farahidi in his famous dictionary, (Al-Ayn). Al-Khalil presented the linguistic material he compiled based on what appeared in the Holy Quran, the pure Sunnah, and what the Arabs expressed in poetry and prose. If he found evidence for the linguistic material, he deemed it in use; if not, he considered it neglected. However, over time, many of these linguistic materials transformed from neglected to in use due to the evolution of language. I referred to the dictionary Lisan Al-Arab, as it is the largest linguistic dictionary, to elucidate this matter and clarify the linguistic materials that became in use after being neglected during the time of Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad Al-Farahidi - may Allah have mercy on him.

Objectives: This study aims to demonstrate the importance of narrative achievement in shaping human behavior and how individuals are built by approaching fantastic texts with their dystopian, visionary dimension of realism. It also demonstrates the impact of narrative discourse on the recipient\'s consciousness.
Methodology: This study relied on an analytical, inductive approach, defining the phenomenon, identifying its causes, formulating the objective behind the phenomenon, and detailing the study\'s components in a comprehensive manner, with a statement of the results associated with each detail.
Results: Among the most important findings reached by the study, based on the final steps of the inductive approach, is that the author used fantastical fiction and its dystopian dimension as a means of critiquing society, revealing the oppression and restrictions on freedom suffered by its individuals by decision-makers. The study also concluded that literary works in general, and narrative works in particular, are capable of anticipating the future and addressing reality through dystopian foresight and linking fantastic fiction to reality.
Abstract: This study explores the aspects of the fantastic and dystopian in the novel \"Death in Nahariya\" by Nasra Ahmed Jadoua. The novel focuses on the fantastic, combining the acceptable reality with the fantastic and the unacceptable, in an attempt to leave an impact on the reader\'s psyche as they encounter unfamiliar events.
This study also focuses on the dystopian intuition, which demonstrates the author\'s ability to anticipate the future, address reality, correct human developments, and spread collective awareness of the events and developments surrounding the lives of individuals within society.

The Jews in Iraq are considered one of the oldest Jewish sects in the entire world, as their presence dates back to the era of the last Assyrian Empire 911-612 BC, following several campaigns carried out by the Assyrians against Palestine, liberating it from the Jews and transferring those in it to remote mountainous places in northern Iraq. When the Babylonian Chaldeans eliminated the Assyrians and established their state in Babylon 612-359 BC, one of their most important actions was the elimination of the Kingdom of Judah in Palestine, so its Jews were taken captive to Babylon at the hands of Nebuchadnezzar II, who ruled between 605-562 BC.
Since the Babylonian era, the Jewish presence in Iraq has been continuous and continuous until the Iraqi Jewish community occupied a prominent position among all other Jewish communities, as it became in the era of the Talmud a center for Judaism and a religious and spiritual guide for the Jews of the diaspora in the whole world for successive eras, through its famous scientific centers in the Daa River and Tire. And Bumbadita. Hence, the sect tried to develop among themselves the feeling that Mesopotamia was the country that God had chosen as their homeland. This idea strengthened and spread among Jewish scholars, especially in the third century AD. The sect also developed layers of scholars and Torah scholars who explained many points and issues. The Mishnah (oral law) until these explanations and interpretations gathered from generation to generation to form what is called the Babylonian Talmud.

This study reveals the importance of objective narration in the very short story, as this narrative genre represents a powerful artistic tool that enables the writer to convey profound ideas and complex emotions within condensed texts. Through an analysis of Ahmed Alward\'s collection \"Pulse of Absence,\" it is demonstrated how objective narration contributes to creating a rich literary experience based on the interaction between characters, time, and place, while leaving ample room for the reader\'s interpretation. This narrative genre reflects the flexibility of contemporary literature in the face of the challenges of the digital age and confirms that the very short story is not merely a brief text, but rather a complete world that carries within it profound human visions.

This research, entitled: (Civilizational Assimilation of the Other in the Novelistic Text, My Jewish Friend, by Subhi Fahmawi, by choice), deals with an important issue in the Arab narrative discourse, which is the assimilation of the other; since the novel, in its artistic and cognitive form, is linked to the other, albeit at the level of texts in the narrative in particular, as it deals between more than one identity (Muslim/Jewish) within the narrative structure that works hard to establish a communicative discourse circle between two sensitive areas through language, and the formation of the pictorial description of thought in the narrative work, and the evocation of its self-identity within this product; it is nothing but a process of broadcasting a narrative message that emanates from a sensitive focus; To illuminate and reveal the hidden aspects of the other, far from the priorities of his thoughts when confronted, the moment of discharging the accumulated charges in the self, the accumulations of the act of establishing the self and identity in front of the other, and what his civilized discourse represents, which he seeks to enlighten and convince the other with, and to use his cognitive tools and broadcast them in the text of the novel through its elements, and in particular the element of dialogue with which he confronts, and through which he presents his ideas and how to discuss the other using his evidence, and in this heated dialogue he illuminates for us the hidden side of the human soul and what it contains, and reveals the self and highlights the other in the eye of the ego.

This research deals with the subject of rhetorical quotation from an unconventional research angle, as in the well-known rhetorical studies, but rather from the angle of modern critical study; as it deals with (quotation) from the perspective of (the poetics of the text), with modern critical tools, and dealt with the poetry of the poet Muhammad Mardan in his poetry collection (Journeys of the Trees) as a model suitable for such a study. The research was divided into two parts; the first dealt with the poetics of quotation in terms of its employment in poetic texts, and how it opened up too many meanings (Sufi and metaphysical) that the poet would not have been able to access without the assistance of these quotations from the Holy Quran. The second part was more like an inventory in which we demonstrated the strong presence of these Quranic quotations in the poet\'s poems, which confirms his strong influence by the Holy Quran.

The research is a valuable handwritten copy of the author (Nur al-Din Yusuf al-Qarasuyi al-Balaksari Sari Kurz al-Hanafi al-Uthmani). The research aims to stand on solving some problems in the science of rhetoric, and it is answers to the questions of Qara Sidi on the explanation of al-Miftah by al-Tifzani, in which he regulated the problems of the science of semantics and speech in it. The author wrote his letter in response to a request from Bayezid Khan bin Muhammad al-Fatih, and the letter consisted of three names, the first: Sari Kurz’s answers to the questions of Hamid Li Qara Sidi, the second: Solving Qara Sidi’s doubts in the meanings, the third: Sari Kurz’s answers to the questions of Qara Sidi, and this name was mentioned at the end of the manuscript.

Critical awareness, through modern approaches, has contributed to exploring the relationship between thresholds and surrounding or adjacent texts within the text. The concept of threshold has subsequently become an essential textual component with its own formal characteristics, as well as semantic functions that qualify it to engage in questioning and dialogue with equally complex semantic structures, such as textual structure and horizon of expectation.
The research chose a theoretical approach to shed light on the term \"paratext.\" The research then examined the main title of the poetry collection (Relying on My Calm), followed by the subtitles within that collection. Furthermore, intertextuality within the title was studied, whether internal or external. The research concluded by illuminating the significance of the texts surrounding the central text in this poetry collection by the poet Faisal Al-Qaseri.

The theme of the discourse of place in Namik Abd al-Dhib\'s poetry focuses on the duality of real and imaginary place, and the possibility of exchanging roles between them. The study also attempts to present an image of the forms of place and its representations in the poet\'s poetry, as place appears in several forms and perceptions, such as the hostile place and the safe place, the real place and the dream place, and so on. This study also attempts to present the theme of folkloric remembrance and its impact on shaping the discourse of place, in which it addresses the tendency towards mythological remembrance and folkloric remembrance. It can be said that this study attempts to benefit from the multiple concepts of modern discourse produced by contemporary critical theories that viewed discourse as a concept of a human term that affects the text and is affected by it equally.

Context is considered an essential element in determining poetic meaning, as it forms the expressive structure that reveals the connotations of the text and reveals its artistic and cognitive dimensions. Through their expressive context, the poet seeks to form a comprehensive artistic image that relies on linguistic and non-linguistic relationships to determine meaning, making context a fundamental axis in understanding the connotations of poetic texts. Contrast is one of the most prominent techniques that highlight the aesthetics of poetic context, as it gives the text a double expressive energy that reflects the interaction between opposites in producing meaning and guiding understanding.
Contrast appears in Rajeh Al-Hilli\'s poetry as an aesthetic and intellectual element that contributes to the crystallization of his poetic vision. The poet utilizes the techniques of contextual and semantic contrast in constructing his texts, relying on the interaction between opposing words to highlight intellectual paradoxes and profound meanings. Contrast is not limited to the linguistic level, but extends to the semantic level, revealing the duality of meaning and content. The presence of opposites highlights the idea and clarifies its significance within its artistic context.
Based on the importance of context in shaping the connotations of contrast, this study seeks to explore the aesthetics of contextual and semantic contrast in Rajih al-Hilli\'s poetry by analyzing its artistic mechanisms, intellectual dimensions, and the extent of its influence on constructing poetic meaning. The importance of the research lies in revealing the aesthetic and semantic roles played by contrast in al-Hilli\'s poetry and the extent to which it is employed to achieve a balance between the poetic and intellectual visions evident in his texts. This contributes to providing a deeper understanding of his texts within their linguistic and artistic framework.

The study generally aims to identify the impact of using artificial intelligence on sustainable development in the Kurdistan Region. This is an exploratory study, and the study population may consist of academics at Kurdistan universities (University of Salahaddin, University of Sulaymaniyah, University of Duhok). A random sample of 20 academics from these universities was used to obtain their opinions through interviews and discussions regarding the impact of artificial intelligence technologies on achieving sustainable development in the Kurdistan Region. The study results concluded that artificial intelligence has a positive impact on the sustainable development process in the Kurdistan Region. The results also demonstrated that the use of artificial intelligence can be effective in improving social services and promoting sustainable development in society, as it can contribute to improved resource management and enhanced communication and interaction between government and citizens. The study results also demonstrated that there are a variety of policies and strategies that can be adopted to leverage smart technology to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. This can be achieved by enhancing awareness and education about smart technology, developing policies that encourage investment in it, and establishing partnerships with the private and academic sectors.
The results also demonstrated that social work plays an important role in promoting the effective use of smart technology in the sustainable development process. Social work can provide guidance and education to individuals and communities on how to use technology effectively, as well as support vulnerable and disadvantaged groups in accessing and using technology. The results also demonstrated that social work can provide training and technical support to individuals to ensure their effective use of technology and encourage community participation in the development of new technologies and technological innovations to support sustainable development processes. Social work can also enhance digital security and privacy in the use of smart technology and promote investment in smart technology as a means of strengthening the economy and improving living standards. These results demonstrate the importance of integrating efforts between social work and technology to achieve sustainable development.

The phenomenon of drugs is one of the phenomena that constitute a serious social problem that requires addressing it regardless of its level or degree. The evidence for this is that it is the focus of attention of various diverse specializations and receives great attention at all levels. Certainly, paying attention to this phenomenon from various aspects and aspects contributes to treating this scourge that has begun to plague our societies, in a correct and scientific manner that achieves realistic and tangible results. Since our field of specialization is organizational sociology, we decided to treat this phenomenon and approach it from the field of specialization that deals with various organizational aspects that take the form of social units that present specific goals to individuals. Given the importance of these units in the life of the individual and society, they can be linked to various phenomena and problems that appear in society and are concerned with study and research in an attempt to treat these phenomena and identify their causes and eliminate them or at least attempt to mitigate their effects. The phenomenon in question here is the phenomenon of drugs. Based on the above, we conducted this study, which included several topics in which we addressed the theoretical definition of the main concepts of the research, and then we presented the forms of social organization and what their dimensions are in combating drugs, namely the family and organizations. Civil society and the state. Finally, we presented a set of proposals and recommendations to activate the role of social organization in combating drugs.

Today, YouTube has become one of the most important educational tools in the modern era. This technology has been employed in the fields of education, teaching, and learning, both at the collective level, such as educational institutions, and at the individual level, to benefit from the explanation and delivery of scientific materials contained in videos uploaded to the site. This allows learners to gain better opportunities and experience in simple and easy ways. As a result of the circumstances experienced by the world, including Iraq, education has faced challenges and difficulties, including the COVID-19 pandemic, which has cast a shadow over all institutions, including educational institutions, which have been most affected by the suspension of the attendance system and its alternative, the e-learning system, and the accompanying problems related to the structure and modernity of this system. As a student of this institution and one of its teachers, the researcher believes that YouTube technology has many advantages and features that enable learners to watch relevant clips multiple times to ensure they have overcome the weaknesses and shortcomings that occurred at a particular stage.
This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of using educational YouTube channels in enhancing the skills and capabilities of sixth-grade students. It is a descriptive survey study. The social survey method was used in this study, which is one of the most important descriptive methods due to its important role in giving field studies a higher possibility of collecting information and data related to the study. The data was processed statistically using the SPSS program, and this research came out with a set of results, including: the majority of individuals use educational channels on YouTube to a large extent, and more than half of the sample members can never do without YouTube and consider it an important factor for success, as it covers all the vocabulary of scientific subjects and lessons through its detailed content. They also consider it a factor that helps in training and scientific analysis in practical lessons. The results also showed that educational channels on YouTube provided them with new opportunities for learning, developed their academic level, and created better opportunities for success.