The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
Praise be to God, who raised its remembrance of Arabic, and exalted its value in the wilderness, and adorned its sky with lamps of eloquence, and his prayers and peace be upon the most honorable and eloquent of creation, and upon his pure family, the people of eloquence and its lights, and after:
The linguistic development in the life of any language, especially the semantic level in it, which is characterized by great flexibility in change, development and transition between different languages. This development is not necessarily intentional, rather it is often spontaneous and spontaneous, and the issue of linguistic development has attracted the attention of many researchers according to many perspectives, and Ahmed bin Faris (395 AH) was among them, who followed a certain mthod of rooting words of worship over others, since these words represent the major axes of Islamic law, which includes the world of the unseen and the witnessed, so my research came under the umbrella of this linguistic system that seeks to progress and develop and harmonize the life of society and keep pace with its events and its variables within one of the manifestations of semantic development, which is the narrowing of semantics, which In the Dictionary of Language Standards, the wide field of application was found, so the research came under the title (From the words of worship in language standards, a study in semantic narrowing).

Abstract:-
The structural approach stems from structuralism, and it is an intellectual current that goes to reveal the structure of thought, which is the basis of the culture of the past and the present.
The most important principle in the structural approach is the study of the text internally, i.e. it looks at the literary text on the basis that it is an independent total unit that composes a set of data that is subject to analysis. Nor does it deviate from the biography of the author.. As the structural analysis is limited to within the data of the text, it suffices with the internal analysis only, to reveal the elements of the literary text, and to consider the relationships that link them. This approach believes that the literary text itself consists of dialectical relationships between the levels of the text. Within the text, this led to an increase in its aesthetic value.

Abstract:-
Today, the tremendous impact of the position of women in the evolution of human societies has led each of the systems of thought to explicitly dedicate Babi to this issue. In this regard, it is necessary to re-read various readings of Quranic verses focusing on issues related to women. Western feminist views have aimed at proving gender equality between men and women by paying attention to Qur'anic words denoting the concepts of gender. In this research, the descriptive-analytical method examines the basis of these views in the interpretation of Quranic verses. Proponents of this view believe that believing in the superior position of men violates a monotheistic understanding of God. Equality scholars, although sometimes making the right arrangements in their arguments, have not used them properly. In the religious approach, the separation of male and female maps is due to consideration of anthropological, value and legal aspects. Also, the equality of men and women in acquiring spirituality on the one hand and the differences expressing divine wisdom between the two sexes and emphasizing the close and ending relationship between rights and duties on the other hand, has caused gender justice in the field of women's rights to be given appropriate responsibility. Define each gender.

Abstract:-
After Freud and his students- including Jung & Adler- discussed the relations between language, consciousness and unconsciousness, psychological study regarding literature and perception of its mysteries was developed in various branches. In psychological criticism, the critic investigates and analyzes the hidden angles and psychological impacts of characters in literary text. In the present paper, we examine and compare the female characters existing in the writings of Emily Nasrallah and Moniro Ravanipour, the great Lebanese and Iranian writers-. Descriptive-analytical research method has been used in this study and it is based on Alfred Adler's theory of individual psychology. The current study aims at investigating the most fundamental basis of his theory- i.e Inferiority Complex and its effects as well as ways to get rid of them among the female characters involved in this novel. The results suggest that the female characters involved in the works written by these two writers are common to many factors resulting in inferiority complex such as society and strict traditions, family neglect, poverty, the failure of love. For these women, compensation strategies are also divided into two negative (i.e. imaginary compensation and escape from reality) and positive (namely. Try to educate and attain social status). in addition, there are differences between reasons for the inferiority complex and compensation methods, due to the family and social differences.

Abstract:-
Conversational implicature is a theory in pragmatics. It contains a set of principles of conversation including principle of quantity, quality, manner and relation, if somebody violates one of them, connotations are created. Since it is impossible to fully understand the meaning of discourses in Nahjolbalagheh by use of lexical and grammatical meaning of sentences, the deep meanings should be analyzed and extracted by novel linguistic approaches. The present study has been examined the methods for speech and expressive styles applied in letter 55 of Nahjolbalagheh by descriptive-analytical research method. Data analysis results suggest that quantity strategy has been violated by prolixity in this letter to emphasize the intended purposes. Imam Ali has implied Mu’awiyah’s accusations by use of strategy of quantity and brevity transiently. Violation of quality strategy has been used in refuting Mu’awiyah’s accusations and allowed to express the importance of striving for hereafter. In addition, strategy of method has been violated to explain Mu’awiyah’s psychological warfare against Imam Ali. Meanwhile, the letter was directly addressed to Mu’awiyah and the strategy of relationship has not been violated.

Abstract:-
Linguistic curricula occupy an important methodological aspect in linguistic communication. Accordingly it is important to explain how to employ the strategies that lead to this linguistic communication for each curriculum alone. It has already been pointed out that linguistics has witnessed great development until many of its ideas and branches have developed. The function of linguistic curricula varied in linguistic communication from one researcher to another, to independent sciences in their own right. Some committed themselves to one curriculum; others took the freedom to choose curricula according to the issues to be proved.
For this reason, the research attempts to reveal the strategies of linguistic communication in the light of linguistic curricula to reach the objective standards that modern linguistics relied on so that they make basic premises in every linguistic study.

Abstract:-
Since Arabic criticism and rhetoric are intertwined to a large extent, and criticism and rhetoric were synonyms that are inseparable in their beginnings and stages of development, we can find some critical notes in the rhetorical literature; The book Asrar Al-Balaghah is considered one of the most important rhetorical and critical books, and one of the most accurate books in the Arabic language in talking about the types of eloquence, and it contains aesthetic interpretations that indicate an authentic critical taste. And to make of these foundations rules and principles to guide the Arab taste; It was the basis that he adopted in the secrets of rhetoric to develop new psychological rules and stylistic rules that became clear in his practical applications that helped to understand the text. The book “Asrar Al-Balaghah” is a psychological treatise on the aspects of literary influence. Its main idea is: that the measure of literary quality is the effect of graphic images on the soul of its connoisseur. Therefore, he entered the book “Asrar Al-Balaghah” in the psychological approach. On the place of taste, temperament, and artistic sense in literary pleasure. There are many studies that have researched the works of Abd al-Qaher al-Jurjani, specifically in the various aspects of the book Asrar al-Balaghah, but they did not deal with the psychological approach in particular.

Abstract:-
The relationship between Arabic and Persian language is as old as the neighborhood of Iran and Arab countries and has caused the fusion of two cultures, linguistic fusion is something along with languages in all eras, therefore. The result of this fusion and communication and mutual influence between the two languages is the introduction of a large number of Arabic words and expressions into Persian, and the fate of these imports was either to remain unchanged or to change the phonetic and meaning levels due to need. And became acquainted with the rules of the Persian language and its tradition, which made it difficult to learn the Arabic language. In this article, we explain the semantic change of these words and compounds during the language borrowing process by giving an example. In this regard, we used descriptive-analytical method. The words that entered the Persian language, despite protecting their appearance, some of them suffered from pests and deviations and were used in other meanings, and we also mentioned the religious, cultural and linguistic reasons for these changes. The results showed that many Arabic words in Persian dialogues lost their Arabic meanings and were resolved, and acquired a new structure and joined the dictionary, and perhaps due to the association with the findings of civilization and permanence, they can be Count Persian words.

Abstract:-
The speech act theory is one of the modern theories in pragmatics through the philosophy of language in modern linguistics, which was developed through the development of Wittgenstein`s theory, then Austin studied it according to the function of language as a tool for doing things in the real world as well as new and description. Then Searle, one of the philosopers of language, worked on it, and it had standards and frameworks. Although the speech acts theory appears to be a modern theory, it was mentioned in multiple ways in the ancient Arab heritage. We can find it in the heritage when dividing sentences in rhetoric into informative and construction, as well as dividing the semantic purposes and functions of construction sentences into direct and indirect. The idea of speech acts theory can be studied in the ancient heritage as it came in modern linguistics according to special rules and laws. This article intends to study the theory of the modern speech acts in the Arab literary heritage as an application to religious texts using the descriptive analytical method. The study indicates that the ancient rhetorical sciences show the features of indirect meanings, while the new studies show the meanings according to the linguistic levels in view of the philosophy of language and give clear mechanisms for revealing the meaning.

Abstract:-
Researchers have highly heeded stylistics and this science has got the first place among linguistic research and every research has differently categorized it. Ahmad Alshaeb has regarded this issue through a new concept. He has remarkably influenced the development of stylistics Quran is a magnificent example of accurate and fluent speech which has been considered by authors, researchers and linguists. Hence, this research has been done based on an analytical- descriptive approach to scrutinize the concepts of stylistics of Hojarat Surah based on the frame of Aloslub book. This book has been used in this research because Alshaeb has tried to build up stylistics in two levels of scientific and literary ones. Furthermore, researchers have not studied this book and the stylistic perspectives. The results of this book indicate that from the viewpoint of Alshaeb, style is a tool to literally and scientifically express and interpret words and phrases in the structure of the text and the researcher aims to convey this theory and structure to the readers. The researcher also believes that this theory and structure are related to other elements such as meaning, words and music.

Abstract:-
Islamic mysticism occupies an important place in Islamic inheritance and thought, and Ibn Arabi, as a founder of theoretical mysticism, touched on monotheism, God’s relationship with creatures, the complete human being, and God’s guardianship and attributes. It can be said that all those who still discuss theoretical Gnosticism in some way use Ibn Arabi and his works, and of course all of them give it a color. And not only his mystical theorizing that continued in the pen, but also his personal behavior influenced the views of philosophers, thinkers and even the poems of transcendent poets such as Jalal al-Din al-Rumi. It should be noted that Islamic mysticism, like other Islamic sciences, has its own terminology, and commenting and talking about it requires familiarity with these terms and learning from them, and some of Ibn Arabi’s poems are filled with graphic crafts and creative improvements covered by symbols that only a person familiar with these terms can understand. Ibn Arabi thinks about the universe and embodies the mystical experiences resulting from these moments in poetic language, often expressed in his lyrical poems.
From this point of view, this article seeks to reveal the aesthetic values inherent in a poem by Ibn Arabi by standing on the various structural phenomena that exist in the structure of the text. And intellectual based on the descriptive-analytical approach.

Abstract:-
This priority was prevalent in the exegetical process before the emergence of the science of jurisprudence, such as the general and the specific, and the rest of the sciences of the Qur’an. With all its types in reaching the meaning, the ancients did not lose sight of this path, as they studied the verses of rulings, and summoned the evidence of the situation from the reasons for the revelation and the circumstances of the addressees and their circumstances at the time of the download, so they measured the Qur’anic structures against each other. Language and indication

Abstract:-
The superior position of science of the principles of jurisprudence is very significant in understanding jurisprudence and other sciences. The efforts of Muslim scholars throughout the history in the progress of this science are undeniable. But what has been neglected by the scholars in this regard is the role of the Holy Quran and, consequently, the Infallibles (A.S) in detail in the emergence and development of the science of the principles of jurisprudence. Research on this important point is the main question of the present article.
The findings of the research with descriptive-analytical method and in-text in the verses of the Quran, focusing on the important fact that the Holy Quran from various dimensions in the establishing and evolutionary aspects of the science of the principles of jurisprudence, have extraordinary and irreplaceable effects. Paying attention to the effectiveness of the Quran in terms of comprehensiveness, inclusion of jurisprudential rules and revelation in the common language in providing groundwork for the development of science of principles, and stabilization of some rules of principles, statements in in-case form propositions and validation of tradition in continuing the science of principles, while paying attention the role of the Infallibles (A.S) with its various dimensions are among the clear results of the present article.

Abstract:-
At the beginning of the last century, discussions abounded on the issue of the necessity of giving rights to women as half of society and their equality with men’s rights, New theories and opinions were put forward about many concepts brought by the teachings of the Islamic religion in an attempt for the pioneers of women's rights to present a new reading of the religious text and Islamic heritage, This movement in the Arab world has been called feminism, and this contemporary Islamic movement has different schools, each of which takes its own position on religion and its teachings, Including those who adopt the historical method to present a new interpretation and reading of religious texts to match the new era in which we live, and the main problem is the extent to which the historical approach of Islamic feminism affects the interpretation of the Qur’anic text? In fact, Islamic feminism strives to present a new interpretation of the verses of the Noble Qur’an regarding the reality of women.
Islamic feminists believe that there are some Qur’anic verses that have been misinterpreted and interpreted due to the specific culture and social conditions in which the commentators of those verses were living.
The pioneers of this current believe that they have the right to present a new interpretation and interpretation of the verses that relate to women, in accordance with the correct interpretation and interpretation standards, but with a new understanding that adopts the same regulations that were adopted by the scholars.
If what is meant by interpretation is the meaning of diligence in understanding the text and trying to read it in a new way, while not deviating from the controls of reading the text that the language container may bear, then there is nothing wrong with the matter; Because the understanding of the foregoing is not an argument against us, and we do not need to stagnate or be bound by the readings they gave of the text, and perhaps the texts mentioned about women may have been issued on the approach of the external issue and not on the approach of the real issue, and from here the research will be about a reading in the historical approach of Islamic feminism and its impact on the interpretation of Quranic text.

Abstract:-
Due to the semantic fluctuation that characterized the term rhetoric as well as the confusion that it experienced regarding its concept between scholars, in a way we can’t find a single and comprehensive definition that was agreed upon in the Arab rhetorical code to define its intended purpose, in addition to the view of the vastness of the field of rhetoric and its breadth where Hazem al-Carthaji says: ‘How does a person assume that rhetoric construction will be achieved soon, which is the sea that no one has reached the end of with the exhaustion of ages?’, itt was necessary to go back to the history of Arabic rhetoric in all its stages in order to simplify this history as a starting point for studying rhetoric and crystallizing its concept. In addition, Arab rhetoric in the stage of its emergence and growth has not taken an escalating line of development for itself. Thus it is not permissible for us to examine it through a fixed stage in the history of its life, because this makes us Captives of the circumstances of a stage we are not obligated to.
Furthermore, because the relationship between rhetoric and criticism on one hand, and between stylistics on the other hand, is the one that has been confused, and has become ambiguous in the minds of most researchers due to the reliance on the book “Summarizing the Rhetoric Sciences” by Al-Qazwini Al-Khatib, this research came on the sense to address these two relationships and based on them to reach rhetorical understanding based on the intellectual background from which the Arab rhetoricians started.

Abstract:-
Arab heritage has formed an outlet for contemporary researchers, with the aim of exploring a new reading in line with contemporary intellectual theses, armed with new tools in order to gain access to the secrets of the heritage text. A study characterized by objectivity and scholarly, and the close relationship between ancient rhetorical research and contemporary stylistic concepts, especially the rhetorical theses of Abd al-Qaher al-Jarjani
He called for a holistic view that enables the reader to learn about the aesthetics of the literary text, as he confronted many of the issues that occupied contemporary thought, paving the way for a new methodological study that relies on taste and beauty in dealing with creative texts and analyzing them in line with the objective view in dealing with the ideas that the texts convey. Abd al-Qaher al-Jarjani’s approach includes many of the modernist methodological characteristics, as he looks and examines all issues related to grammar, rhetoric, linguistics, phonetics and styles, and his modernity is evidenced by its adoption of vital critical concepts such as: receptivity, reader, communication, rhythm, composition, context ... in “the secrets of rhetoric” Al-Jarjani talked about the word and the meaning, and some pictures of Al-Badi ', then he talked about the metaphor and metaphor, and concluded by talking about the truth and metapho
In his book “Evidence of Miracles” through what he called Systems Theory, he discussed the style in an extensive study based on the study of the syntactic relationship in the sentence in terms of the relation of the singular to what precedes it and what follows it. And the application was considered the pioneer of Arab stylistics.

Abstract:-
The nature of a human’s mind is an open domain. He may comprehend what is thrown at him, and it affects his psyche positively and negatively. And because he can receive information and filter it, according to his internal composition that is Influenced by the external environment and affected by it, he may contribute to establishing or losing information according to culture, experience, time, place, occasion and event. Everything around him leaves an impression on his personality.
The listener of the Qur’anic phrase understands its meaning and is affected by it, for there are two forces in it: the power of understanding and awareness, and the power of being affected and excited. We see some of people understand the Qur’anic text and understand its meanings and interact with it, but they do not utter it explicitly as it is in the Great Book. It is formulated in proverbial expressions that are of two types: the eloquent proverb and the popular proverb.
Among these examples: "Weaker than a spider’s web" is said because a thing is weak and quickly collapses. And their saying in the infinite speed "faster than the twinkling of an eye". And "more empty than Fouad Umm Moses". and others...
Likewise, there were popular proverbs that imitated the stories of the Qur’an, including sermons and lessons, and presented narrations and stories that talk about characters or their related animals, or other things that had a great impact on people’s social lives, and imitating them for wisdom, exhortation and consideration. Such as: the ram of Ibrahim, the staff of Moses, the she-camel of Saleh, the fire of Nimrod, and the wealth of Qaroon, as they are beautifully represented according to the meaning of the story, and their suitability to its environment.
And a reference to the similarity of the event and the proportionality of the place, towards one of them saying to the other, with objection and dissatisfaction in presenting him to others in a case, which may put him at risk. So he says in a voice filled with reproach and resentment: "Am I the scapegoat!?”, Using the eloquent proverb, and the popular proverb. It is taken from the story of the Prophet of God Ibrahim and his sacrifice with a great sacrifice of his son Ismail, after the order of his slaughter from God Almighty.

Abstract:-
connection and Separation is one of the topics that is part of the rhetorical research that is about the sentence and its structure. It is very clear that it is the style of connection and Separation with the aesthetics between the word structures that makes sense. In this regard, semiotics of connection and Separation in the Holy Quran is one of the branches of linguistics that opens the way for deep transparency of the text and thus reveals hidden angles.
One of the most prominent and amazing literary texts that has a significant part of structural research is the Holy Quran. The results indicate that the use of the Holy Qur'an in the style of connection and Separation creates a dynamic story that is appropriate to the circumstances of its time and creates deep infrastructures behind superficial evidence that creates and identifies semantics from a phonological point of view. In other words, the use and non-use of the inflection "and" plays an important role in the birth of meaning. Also, the meanings of reasoning, multiplication and counting, the exaggerated image of the atmosphere of fear and terror, the emphasis on changing the meaning of the two sentences are among the meanings that the letter "and" has created by deviating from the principles of the chapter and connecting them.

Abstract:-
This research deals with the personality of AI – Hafiz Rajab AI – Barsi, as he is one of the most important poets of the Ahl al- Bayt in his time, and the aesthetic of poetic images for him, as it was characterized by sentimental emotion. The interior devoted to his poetic purpose, according to Al-Barsi in poetic and graphic photography, as wall invoking the heritage with its various sources in displaying poetic images in the most enjoyable possible way.

Abstract:-
Speech verbs are one of the most important foundations upon which pragmatic linguistics is based in the contemporary linguistic research system. Indeed, pragmatics in its early inception was synonymous with verbal verbs. As the true embodiment of linguistic uses in reality, it is concerned with studying what speakers of the language do; From communicating and accomplishing actions and influence, all for the sake of the success of the communicative process between speakers.

Abstract:-
The aim of the study of literary criticism is to know the rules that control the genius of the writer and the poet as being very expensive literary pieces. To have good taste and increase his critical experiences and knowledge of the manners he passes through in language criticism. From this point of view, the value of historical study is evident to us in understanding literature in its various types and branches, since the skilled writer is not an independent, isolated reality. The study of the literature of our time may be an expression of its ideals from a historical point of view in the study of writers, individuals and groups, to the extent of strengthening the literary links between the writer and the life of the age. The student of literary criticism notes the importance of legitimate topics in every An era differs from others, and criticism is closer to science than art.

Abstract:-
This research paper raises several questions, regarding the ideologies of the Qur’anic language and the analytic philosophy of the ordinary language and the descriptive language in some verses of the Qur’anic surahs, and its application to a group of verses models in the search for the language of the language or the sign language of the Qur’anic text as a literary text (rhetorical, grammatical) based The research is essentially based on an idea that is summarized by the answer to the following problems: What is the concept of normal language and descriptive language among the Arabs and the West? Where can this concept appear and appear in some verses of the Qur’anic surahs? To what extent is the research able to respond to those who say that the Arabic descriptive language is incapable and its mechanisms are limited? What is the importance of the approach between the two concepts and their use Quranic? The research reached the most important results, the most important of which is that the problems between the two terms lie between Arab culture and Western culture. The face of the approach between the two languages is the process of transferring the ordinary (everyday) language to the descriptive language, whether it is grammatical or logical. The reliance of the Holy Qur’an literature on linguistic phenomena (grammatical and rhetorical manifestations), which are the pillars of Qur’anic grammar as a special language inspired by the ordinary language. Rooting is based on the descriptive language according to many Arab scholars who emphasized the existence of a logical descriptive language that should be returned to, and which sees the necessity of producing Arabic knowledge in an Arabic tongue, not by returning to the Holy Qur’an as evidence of the authenticity of the Arabic language and its independence from other cultures.

Abstract:-
The studies gain their importance from the importance of the studied text . and since the opinions of the middle Al-Akhfash are the subject of the research, the topic gained its importance from it, Because Al-Akhfash represents a grammatical thought, there have been many of his studies about him, He is Sibawayh`s student, but rather the best of his students. He was well aware of Sibawayh`s method. Al-kisai said about him: There was no one among the Basrians who was more knowledgeable than al-Akhfash in the book, as his writings that were full of grammar books by transferring and taking from them, Which only some of most of opinions them have reached us, and the grammarians 'books are full of his opinions and citing them is evidence of their importance. The meaning of the verses, the books that studied the Qur`anic text, ancient or modern, should not be devoid of its grammatical opinions, as the science of grammar is one of the first linguistic sciences that arose to serve the Holy Qur`an, The verse according to what he sees of its meaning, and he cites evidence from poetry, readings, or dialects. Which the research touched on take aspects Several times, al-Akhfash infers the correctness of his opinion with the Qur`anic text and clarifies its meaning according to his opinion, and again he went to direct a reading on a meaning that fits with it, so as not to mistake this.