Contemporary Islamic Studies Magazine

Abstract:
The Holy Qur’an is a heavenly book that is distinguished by an integrated system of directives and principles that aim to protect and care for the environment in all its types and components, and the Islamic religion is unique in presenting a realistic and practical approach in this field. The objectives of this research focus on deducing the environmental impact of the Qur'an verses that refer to the economic environment and its components. Such as (the position of work in Islam, financial rights, and land benefits), the political environment and the meanings it contains (rule, kingship and succession), and preserving them, and explaining this through the Qur'an verses.

Abstract:
The Mahdism concept according to the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) is characterized by the belief in the occultation of Imam Mahdi until Allah permits his reappearance. Occultation means the concealment of identity rather than the absence of existence. It is akin to the sun hidden behind the clouds, where people continue to benefit from its presence despite not seeing it. There are multiple reasons for the occultation of Imam Mahdi (may Allah hasten his reappearance): Divine wisdom, trial and tribulation, and protection from oppressors.
The Mahdism issue is a pivotal and crucial one, distinguishing true believers with their Mahdism belief based on hundreds of unquestionable prophetic and traditional narrations. Some from the general populace deny that the Mahdi will appear, considering the related narrations to have been altered. For them, the Mahdi is Jesus, son of Mary, who will return to establish justice.

Man is that creature whom God has honored by learning the eloquence and teaching him his language and making it the language of his book by which he knows the merciful and dwells in the heavens.
And the science of morphology had ensured the clarification of weights and buildings and their rules in the language, which had a great impact on the interpretation of the verses of God, especially at the beginning of interpretation, and that it expresses the extent of the miracle of the Qur’an by choosing the form and not others.

The science of assets has a high rank among the sciences, as it is the highest. Because it has the peculiarity of deduction
Which is what would earn him this rank, as the Imami scholars have proven to follow them،Optimizing the orders of their imams and quoting from this ever-burning flame its importance through jurisprudential deduction,This science has gone through different stages, and the scholars had a role in explaining the rules.
The functions enjoyed by the science of assets, as well as the fundamentalists, had an impact on presenting ,Helping and assisting in deducing the legal ruling, and its effect was also clear in a statement. The rules that are valid for deduction that the jurist works on to give a clear ruling. Milestones for the taxpayer to perform the latter's role, including leading him to the pleasure of God, and thank Allah the god of everything,The origins of this knowledge and this is the religion of the son of the Ummah who love its pure imams. They took the initiative to preserve this knowledge and attain the highest levels in it.

Debate and controversy have principles and rules that each debate must observe and act according to what those principles and rules necessitate. To achieve the desired benefit from these debates and debate councils, and to ensure their productivity, and not to deviate in other than the ways that were designed for them.

Family counseling is the mainstay that maintains family stability and cohesion. A person needs counseling at all age stages. Therefore, we find that Islam pays great attention to the family, laying down sound rules for building a family and urging those who want to marry to abide by these rules, which include the encouragement of marriage and the emphasis on choosing the right partner, who has religion, morals and good offspring, so that family building is a sound structure free of disturbances and behavioral deviations In addition, we find that the heavenly legislator laid down the law of rights and duties for each family member, each according to his role in family life, in order to achieve balance and stability in the family, and the house would be filled with calm, tranquility, mercy and love, and marriage would result in a good family that would be the nucleus. sound community building.

Principle is a very important science, as it is the science upon which the jurist relies to derive Islamic rulings using specific rules of deduction, relying on Islamic evidence such as the Qur'an and the Sunnah. The greatest reliance is placed on the evidence of the Sunnah, as it is the detailed, explanatory, and clarifying evidence of the Qur'an, whether in its specification of the generality of the Qur'an, its restriction of it, or its clarification of it. When we refer to these narrations, we find that some of them completely contradict another group of narrations, as one cannot be preferred over the other except through special rules, including rational rules such as the fall, and legal rules stipulated in the narrative texts transmitted from the Imams of the Household (peace be upon them), and among those narrations is the acceptable one of Omar bin Hanzala. Preferential factors, whether explicitly stated or implicitly stated, require adopting the preferred report over the other, based on the merits and characteristics of the chain of transmission, such as the characteristics of the narrator. Some preferential factors, whether explicitly stated or implicitly stated, require adopting the narration that possesses semantic preferential factors, such as the text's agreement. Although the accepted hadith – the subject of this study – is disputed in terms of its chain of transmission, its chain of transmission has been strengthened by the acceptance of it by jurists and legal theorists. We have not found anyone who has criticized Umar ibn Hanzala, as the accepted hadith is mentioned in the four books considered reliable by the Imamiyyah, and all of the chains of transmission in which it is mentioned are authentic. Jurists and legal theorists have relied heavily on this accepted hadith by establishing rules for weighing the evidence between two conflicting narrations. It has even been applied to Islamic rulings.

Al-Hafiz Ubayd Allah ibn Abdullah (d. 474 AH) , nicknamed Abu al-Qasim, is known as al-Hakim al-Haskani. He is one of the prominent scholars of hadith in the fifth century AH. He was a sheikh, virtuous, elderly, a hafiz, proficient and had a great interest in the science of hadith, for he was described in the biographies as a complete narrator, an expert in the science of hadith, with a high chain of transmission, unparalleled among his companions in his time. He narrated on the authority of his father, his grandfather, his teacher Judge Abu al-Ala Sa`id ibn Muhammad al-Ustawayi, Abu al-Hasan al-Alawi, al-Hakim al-Naysaburi and other prominent scholars. Biographies of more than fifty of his sheikhs, the eminent scholars of hadith, were mentioned in the book “Al-Muntakhab min al-Siyaq li-Tarikh Nishapur”, where al-Hafiz Abdul Ghafir ibn Ismail al-Farsi wrote biographies of them. It has been found that they were all trustworthy and eminent scholars, thence, their biographies have been referred to in this research. Al-Hakim and his teacher Sa'id bin Muhammad Abu al-Ala are considered to be the most prominent Hanafi scholars in Nishapur - as they were the leaders of the companions of Abu Hanifa al-Nu'man in Nishapur. It has been noticed that Al-Hakim and his teacher were characterized by moderation and love for Ahl al-Bayt (PBUT) and this is clear in Al-Hakim's works such as: “The Book of Evidences of Revelation”, the “Issue of Correcting the Hadith of Returning the Sun to Imam Ali (peace be upon him) , and the Characteristics of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) in the Qur'an. Further, the position of Judge Sa'id bin Muhammad Abu al-Ala when the extremists wanted to place a box on the grave of Harun in Tus, so he issued a fatwa that it was not permissible and was dismissed from the judiciary of Nishapur for this reason. When he was reprimanded for that in Baghdad, he replied: “I was a Mufti and I issued a fatwa in accordance with the Sharia and the public interest”. It has been noticed that Al-Hakim narrates with high and complete chains of transmission, with no interruption in them, from the great and prominent hadith scholars of the past, from the followers and companions, from the infallible ones (PBUT) and the Prophet (PBUH) , with high and authentic chains of narration. Al-Hakim’s family is considered one of the great Hanafi families in Nishapur, as they are descended from Prince Abdullah bin Amir bin Kurayz - and his father Amir is the son of the Messenger of Allah’s (PBUH) paternal aunt Al-Bayda’ bint Abdul Muttalib. This was mentioned by Al-Dhahabi and others in the biography of Abdullah bin Amir bin Kurayz bin Rabi’ah in Siyar A’lam Al-Nubala’ (3/19) and Abdullah bin Amir saw the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) and narrated from him: ( (“Whoever is killed defending his property is a martyr. ”) ).
Moreover, Al-Haskani is famous in the language with the opening of the ‘Ha’, the stative ‘C’, and the opening of the ‘K’. Haskan is the grandfather of the family and the fifth grandfather of Al-Hakim Al-Haskani. This and the student of Al-Hakim: Al-Hafiz Abdul Ghaffar bin Ismail Al-Farsi Al-Hanafi Al-Nishaburi mentioned in his book “Al-Muntakhab min Al-Siyaq li-Tarekh Nishapur” a biography of the sheikhs of Al-Hakim who narrated this in addition to the family of Al-Hakim Al-Haskani, which have been referred to their biography in this research that prove them to be decent, praised and documented. After documenting Al-Hakim and his sheikhs and correcting his paths to them, where it was mentioned that he has a high chain of narration and that his sheikhs are eminent and documented: everything that Al-Hakim mentioned in his book “Shawahed Al-Tanzil” and others about the status and love of Ahl al-Bayt (PBUT) is correct and documented and it is an argument because it has a high chain of transmission and his hadiths in “Shawahed Al-Tanzil” are in agreement with the Holy Book and the Prophetic Sunnah and they are narrated from the great scholars of hadith and commentators from the followers and companions from the infallible imams from the Prophet (PBUH). Thus, it can be said that the status of the infallible family of the Prophet (PBUT) and their virtue is proven from the Holy Book and the Prophetic Sunnah in the narrative heritage of the Muslims and their books at Both teams, that is, Muslims are united in their love for the family of the Prophet (PBUH).

Imam al-Rida (may Allah be pleased with him) played a significant role in articulating economic principles and concepts for Muslims through his call for economic solidarity and justice in the distribution of wealth among them. He guided them in accordance with the legal rulings derived from the Qur'an and the Noble Sunnah, and sometimes criticized the actions of rulers when they misappropriated Muslims' wealth. This prompted us to trace the impact of these economic directives of Imam al-Rida (may Allah be pleased with him) in this research. We ask Allah for success

Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the most honorable prophets and messengers, Muhammad and his pure and good family, and after:
Sheikh Muhammad al-Sabzwari is a virtuous scholar who was distinguished by piety, humility, asceticism and piety, in addition to his exploration among the scholars of the Hawza in jurisprudence, principles and interpretation. Its joints and components in the abrogated, abrogated, general, specific, absolute, restricted, arbitrary, and similar, clarifying its rulings and purposes, clarifying its problems, and understanding its similarities in the form that achieves the will of God Almighty.

In this research, we shed light on the book Al-Khairat Al-Hassan in the Interpretation of the Qur’an by the scholar Muhammad Ridha bin Qasim Al-Gharawi Al-Najfi (d. 1385 AH). We began the first aspect of the study in the author’s life in terms of his name, lineage, educational background, sheikhs, students, and writings. As for the second aspect, it was in the verified text, so we chose the interpretation of Surat Al-Kahf and Surat Maryam for the verses that were narrated by the Imams about the virtue of the family of Adnan according to what the author discussed, and we returned to the same sources that the author discussed.

There is no doubt that the position of prophethood and imamate is one of the chosen positions and divine positions that God Almighty assigns to whomever He chooses from among His creation, to be a prophet or imam who conveys His message. Accordingly, the research proposes a hypothesis of a correlation between each of the two divine positions or positions, by proving the occurrence of concurrence in some concepts that have a close relationship with the position of prophethood and imamate, including the return, which is a type of resurrection and bodily resurrection, and what is meant by it is that God Almighty returns a people from the dead to the world before the Day of Resurrection in the forms they were in, then they die their second death, so He honors one group and humiliates another group, and He gives victory to the truthful over the false, and the oppressed over the oppressors, that is, He supports them and makes them victorious. This research aims to study the concept of return and whether the lesser bodily resurrection will occur in the future? Or is it specific to previous nations? And does it occur in the imamate as it happened to prophethood previously? The study relied on an inductive analytical interpretive approach based on presenting the Qur’anic texts. It will attempt to shed light on the most prominent interpretations among the Imami and non-Imami Shiites and support it with narrations from the narrative and hadith books of interpretation. Among the results of this research is the proof of the return in previous nations, as evidenced by the incidents in previous nations that the Holy Quran referred to in a number of verses, as well as the verses that indicate its occurrence at the end of time, which the interpreters have addressed as it will occur when Imam Mahdi (may Allah hasten his honorable reappearance) rises, who will fill the earth with justice and equity after it has been filled with injustice and oppression. Among the most important of these results is the proof of its occurrence for the prophets, such as the Prophet of Allah Ezra, and for the Imams, such as the return of the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him) and the pure Imams (peace be upon them), and their enemies will recognize them if they see them, and that is because their enemies will be returned by Allah to the worldly home and they will stand before them and witness the fulfillment of Allah’s promise of victory so that they may receive their reward at the hands of the Prophet (may Allah’s prayers be upon him and his family) and his family (peace be upon them). Among the most important recommendations of the researcher is to enhance the study of the relationship between prophethood and imamate by encouraging researchers to delve into studying the common aspects between prophethood and imamate, by focusing on the Quranic and Hadith texts that clarify the major meanings. associated with them, which opens new horizons for understanding the complementary roles of these two institutions.

Islam strongly urged cleanliness, considering it part of the faith. He forbade harming others by dumping waste in places that may cause harm to people or the environment, and setting clear provisions and guidelines on how to deal with waste. These provisions include different methods of waste treatment, which comply with Islamic principles and preserve the environment. Islamic law has encouraged the most of objects, including waste, by recycling them or turning them into useful materials

The fields of following are broad and comprehensive for all aspects of life. (Al-Itiba')Following is the basis of every good and invalid action. It is included in the true belief that is the basis of religion and the starting point towards the path of truth. Islam, in all its aspects, is to follow what God Almighty has commanded and to stay away from what he has forbidden in terms of worship and practice of the obligate

The chosen person, no matter how perfect he is, and is characterized by high qualities and preparations, remains poor and needy and cannot dispense with divine kindness, and that the human dimension, no matter how influential it is; But its effect is limited without there being conciliation and settlement; Therefore, after the servant is chosen, God Almighty honors him with love, talents, and closeness to Him, Glory be to Him, which is what is called divine imperatives, including obligatory infallibility, which is the result of divine selection and artificiality, as he makes it for himself from a selected group and affliction

Muslims have differed on the subject of the authority of the phenomena of the Holy Qur’an and on how to understand the demands of its phenomena and interpret its verses. The reason for the difference in it is the subject of the caliphate after the Noble Prophet (PBUH). Some of them did not believe in the caliphate of the imams after him, so they were drawn to the issue of shura, and among them were those who believed in the caliphate of the imams after him, and there are investigations. It branches off from it, and we will have to explain it through our research. In this research, we wanted to talk about the topic of the authenticity of the phenomena of the Qur’an from the point of view of the Shiite Akhbaris:
The research was divided into two sections, the first section was the history of the Akhbaris. The research was divided into two requirements: the first requirement was the historical origin of the Akhbaris and the second requirement was the most important people of the Akhbaris. The second section was the various opinions of the Akhbaris about Qur’anic phenomena. It was also divided into two requirements: the first requirement was the authority of the phenomena of the Holy Qur’an and the second requirement was the lack of authority. The phenomena of the Holy Qur’an, then the research is completed with the conclusion, results, recommendations.

The extracting and studying of the isnads of the Four books of hadith is one of the most important methods of narrators, which has played a fundamental role in the process of evaluating narrators. This mechanism has helped identify the status of many unknown narrators whose trustworthiness was not explicitly stated by the masters of criticism and validation, or who were not mentioned in the works of hadith scholars.
Given the importance of isnads in the field of narrator evaluation, a group of scholars and researchers have relied on this method by extracting the isnads of the Four Books. This method also aims to monitor the work of these scholars and the most important benefits and benefits derived from this method.

This study examines the phenomenon of misinterpretation of Quranic texts as a key factor in justifying violence and terrorism. It explores the factors contributing to the distortion of religious understanding, such as ignorance of Islamic jurisprudence, influence of extremist ideologies, and manipulation of historical and linguistic contexts of the texts. The study also highlights the methods used by terrorist groups to exploit religious texts in pursuit of their ideological and political objectives.
Employing an analytical methodology, the study relies on examining Quranic texts and comparing them with recognized scholarly interpretations, in addition to analyzing real-world cases of groups that have utilized religious discourse to justify violence. The study concludes that addressing misinterpretation requires a return to the scientific principles of Quranic exegesis, promoting moderate religious awareness, and dismantling extremist ideologies to safeguard individuals and societies from terrorist ideologies and foster a culture of peaceful coexistence.

Scholars from all walks of life throughout the nation have been contemplating and pondering the Book of God Almighty since the dawn of Islam until the present day, as well as studying it and seeking guidance from its verses. In order to be among those who contemplate the Qur’an and its interpretation, I decided to verify this letter that is in our hands by Sayyid Muhammad Haydar al-Amili, who is one of the Imami scholars in the twelfth century AH. In which he elaborated on... interpretation, language, principles, jurisprudence, and beliefs, and mentioned the opinions of scholars, discussing them according to solid scientific foundations, through stating the opinions of the various Islamic sects with complete impartiality and objectivity. Despite the sensitivity of such research, it will undoubtedly lead to bringing hearts closer and enlightening minds with what strengthens the unity of Muslims in particular. It is known that the multiplicity of opinions and the diversity of interpretation are what enrich scientific research in general, and Quranic interpretation in particular, as it is the field whose horizons are endless, and the space whose dimensions are not limited.

The importance of the Holy Qur’an and its prominent position among Muslims in particular and others in general, has led to the attention of scholars and specialists and the interest in its various topics. They have subjected it - that is, its topics - to precise research, analysis and translation on the one hand, which has clearly appeared in their writings and articles as well as in the curricula، On the other hand, they subjected his topics to criticism, doubt, and the spread of doubts about him. Their concern in raising doubts was not to obtain a comprehensive answer and accurate information. Rather, all they were seeking was to prove that the Islamic religion is a religion that does not deserve to be spread, and that the Holy Qur’an is nothing but a copy of the previous heavenly books, which is something they have not and will not be able to prove.

This research presents the term "Quranism," a term researchers have differed on, This research presents the term "Quranism," a term researchers have differed on, and diverged from, while converging on the definition and definition of its phenomenon in literature. However, they have become confused in its procedural and critical applications, perhaps due to the divergence of their scholarly backgrounds. The research seeks to elaborate on this concept in a precise, scientific manner, complementing what was begun by predecessors, adding to them what strengthens the path of scientific research, and confirming its results in a manner that is sound and consistent with the contents of the Holy Quran, without contradicting them.The research is divided into an introduction, a preface, three chapters, a conclusion, and a list of sources and references.
The introduction was titled (Quranism-A Critical Review), which is a critique of criticism. In it, the researcher presents what he found to be correct and what he found to be incorrect among his predecessors. He then mentioned his perceptions of Quranism, for which he established two important trends in a foundational manner. The haste of the research did not allow for a list of the requirements of authentication, to avoid digressing inappropriately from the title and its requirements.The three sections were as follows: The first section was titled (Impersonation), to branch out into four topics: Impersonation of the character, Impersonation of the attribute, Impersonation of the action, and Impersonation of the state. The second section appeared under the title (Representation), to branch out into four topics: Representation of the addressee, Representation of the subject, Representation of the judgment, and Representation of the story. As for the third and final section, its title is: (Reference), and it also branched out into four topics: Verbal reference, suggestive reference, semantic reference, and referential reference.
"Quranism" is an important term in both its aspects mentioned in the introduction. May it open the door to scholarly research and academic study for our distinguished colleagues and dear students seeking scientific truth from their study of the texts, especially for those studying the language and literature of the Holy Quran.
May God Almighty grant us success and guidance.

The research, through its topics, presents the secrets of the transformations of the declarative sentence of the feminine discourse in the Holy Qur’an, in order to highlight the rhetorical value of the discourse and its impact on the coherence of the Qur’anic text, by examining those declarative transformations and clarifying the extent of their intentionality in Qur’anic usage, in addition to the artistic performance of the declarative sentence and the extent of its impact on the recipient’s psyche. All these verses are expressed in the Holy Quran with a captivating stylistic structure in order to reach the truth and its aesthetic dimensions. The research focused on feminine discourse in its two forms, literal and metaphorical, in the Quranic text.

The theory of deliberative speech acts came to change that traditional view of speech, which was based mainly on the cognitive and descriptive use of speech, and looked at language as an active force in reality and influential in it, canceled the existing boundaries between speech and action, any information according to (Bakhtin) (provided to someone raised by something, and seeks to achieve a goal, it is a link within the chain of verbal exchange revolving in the orbit of the normal life of people), Therefore, the acts of speech in the sermons of jihad came when Imam Ali with a function different from its previous traditional function, it has become when used in the course of jihad sermons among the methods of pilgrims and persuasion; Sensory leads to persuasion and influence it.

The goal of reading is to comprehend and understand the text being read, to critique it, and to extract the author's hidden and apparent intentions. The extent of this understanding determines the benefit and importance of this reading; for understanding forms the essence and core of the reading process. A perceptive reader is one who can reach the meaning and comprehend the text, regardless of whether the meaning is apparent or implicit, distant or close. Reading without this understanding loses its value and becomes a tedious process without meaning. The reading of the Quranic text holds great importance in the university stage, as it is a phase of preparation and readiness for professional life. The student in this stage strives diligently to prove their social role, upon which the education of generations, the building of society, and the unity of the nation and its culture depend. The College of Islamic Sciences is one of the important colleges within the university, as it undertakes the task of preparing teachers for secondary education. The teacher is the leader and guide of the educational process, and the Arabic language teacher has broad horizons and special importance, as they teach the language and are concerned with the quality of pronunciation. Despite the progress of the importance of reading the blessed text, there is a clear deficiency in the application of grammatical and morphological rules, so they do not take the letters out of their correct exits, as most of the students of the College of Islamic Sciences / Department of Arabic Language in their performance of this text do not improve and are not good at reading the text in a reading that expresses the meanings and ideas it contains. The studies seen by the researchers have unanimously agreed that there is a weakness in students' reading of the Qur'anic text in the various educational stages, especially among students of the College of Islamic Sciences / Department of Arabic Language, and there is no doubt that knowing the level of students of the College of Islamic Sciences / Department of Arabic Language in reading Quranic texts is of great importance, as a therapeutic diagnostic process, through which the strengths and weaknesses in their education are diagnosed in order to improve their level, and develop their educational reality. Hence, the researchers found the need to conduct a study aimed at identifying the relationship between reading and understanding Quranic texts among students of the College of Islamic Sciences / Department of Arabic Language, in order to objectively detect errors that occur in their understanding or reading. The current research aims to identify the relationship between reading and understanding Quranic texts among students of the College of Islamic Sciences / Department of Arabic Language in the Qur'anic understanding of Quranic texts, and to build a test to measure comprehension as well as the observation card for the validity of reading. The current research is determined by a sample of students of the Arabic Language Department for the year 2024-2025 and a questionnaire submitted to students of the Arabic Language Department, second stage. The research community and its sample The research community reached (251) male and female students from the Department of Arabic Language The researchers randomly selected (20) male and female students and the basic sample reached (21) male and female students, and the researchers adopted a Quranic text read by students as a tool for their research, and building a test of understanding in the light of the Quranic text. The researchers used the following statistical and computational methods (Pearson's correlation coefficient (person) to calculate the value of the stability coefficient of the research tool.
The results of the study showed the following:
1. The correctness of reading is a phenomenon among students of the Department of Arabic Language.
2. There is a strong positive relationship between the correctness of reading and the comprehension of texts among students of the Arabic language department.
Through the results of the study, the researchers recommended several recommendations, including:
1- Training students of the Arabic Language Department to apply strategies that develop reading health.
2. Encourage teachers in the department to urge students to apply these strategies.
The researchers have proposed the following studies:
1. Conducting a study aimed at developing a counseling program to train students on reading health and clarity strategies
2. Conducting a study showing the relationship between the validity of reading among students of the Department of Arabic Language and other subjects such as morphology, rhetoric, criticism and literature.