AL-MA’HAD

It has been several years since the existence of a pro-Iraqi organization in Iraq and its control over some areas of its territory. The organization has committed many crimes against the citizens of Iraq, such as killing, genocide, crimes against humanity and human trafficking, and the consequent destruction of infrastructure and sites. And the property seized by the organization from its control over the most important assets of Iraq in those areas, such as wells and fields of oil and stolen from the effects and funds and what was stolen from the property of individuals and the state and its banks, all the organization is trying to register for himself the great strength and validity of the doctrine belonging to him As And according to the doctrine of the elements of the patient\'s commitment to the Islamic religion embodies the highest form, and Islam is innocent of such a doctrine.

The term modernization refers to those policies and activities undertaken by a state to move from one state to a better state on the economic, political, military and social levels, and this transition becomes necessary after those states go through a state of decline or deterioration, for various reasons, either because of the results of wars, or Because of economic problems, or because of a reality experienced by those countries that remained for years under colonial control, plundered their resources and negatively affected their economies.

The continuation of the legitimacy of any political system depends on what is called the strength of performance and the extent to which it fulfills its obligations towards its society and not on the slogans, promises and rhetoric that totalitarian regimes usually resort to to delude society that there is real growth through phased programs or boastful projects in order to cover their deficiencies, meaning that weakness The state and its lack of social promises, that is, the decline in its distributional efficiency, leads to a deterioration and erosion of the legitimacy of the system and the outbreak of violent popular demonstrations against the state that did not fulfill its promises, and therefore the failure in its comprehensive concept of the ruling elite pushes it to widen the gap and the increasing distance from the masses and their drive to rely more and more on means of suppression and stifling public freedoms, which make them lose their legitimacy and justification for their existence.

Industrialized countries offer different types of autonomous weapons. The types and characteristics of these weapons vary according to their environment. Their compatibility with international human rights and humanitarian law is a major challenge. On armed conflict, while the second applies during armed conflicts, we will try through the research to answer several questions, including Is the development of autonomous weapons in accordance with the principles of international human rights law? Is there a violation of the provisions of this law as a result of the development of these weapons? What limitations do its rules place on its development and the obligations that self-control weapons developers must take into account in developing self-sustaining weapons that do not require the intervention of the human operator when deciding to use force?

Freedom of opinion is the most important of the moral freedoms of man, and if he loses it, he does not enjoy the rest of the freedoms. Hence, it came as a title for many freedoms and an origin for many freedoms. International conventions, constitutions and man-made legislations did not release this freedom, but rather permitted its existence in the original, but it must be organized by setting rules and controls that show How to exercise it in order to ensure its preservation within its legitimate framework.

It is known that judicial authority responsible for application of the law and achievement of justice, in all societies in their different legal systems, it ensure the right guaranteed by constitutions and laws to all people as a public service, for both natural and moral persons by exercising the \"Right to sue\", this service cannot be described free of charge but is provided in return for the legal fees imposed by the legislator when this right is exercised, to ensure seriousness in exercising this right on the hand, and for the purpose of completing the formal element of judicial procedure in the litigancy, which can exist only from the date of payment of the legal fees on the other hand. Many states, in their different legal systems, have sought to seek alternative or other systems supporting the legal aid system, in order to avoid some of disadvantages of this system, the first of these disadvantages is the economic inability of some states to cover the necessary and adequate expenses to exercise the right to sue, the first of these states is the French legislator effort in this regard to find modern means supporting the legal aid system to ensure the legal protection of persons when they exercise their right to sue, which so-called, in such names, as \"Guarantee of legal protection\", \"The legal expenses insurance\" and The legal protection insurance \" decided by its provisions in the French Insurance Law in 1930, a system that we have not found in the Arab comparative national procedural legislations, we divided our research into two topics, the first one, deals with: the legal relation between the Legal Aid System and legal protection insurance, and the second deals with: the elementary provisions to legal protection insurance.

On March 11, 2020, the “World Health Organization” announced that the outbreak of the Coronavirus “Covid-19” had reached global pandemic levels, and the outbreak had revealed deficiencies in public health and social care systems, which made it difficult to protect the vulnerable population. Reducing disease transmission. In response to this crisis, states have a legal duty to guarantee the right to health for all their citizens, and to impose strict measures to protect that right without this constituting a violation of human rights, and this means giving priority to science and scientific research, caring for the people most at risk and searching for solutions to confront this health crisis and crises. The future, by strengthening the international and national legal system alike with texts in line with the changing and contemporary health reality.