Ahl Al-Bait Jurnal

The Qur'anic text articulated a set of well-established principles for organizing managerial efforts in both public and private activities. These principles encompass vital resources that drive and regulate the motivations for production, channeling them into fruitful and dynamic efforts that ensure the achievement of public interests in accordance with the laws of justice and the balance of interests and rights.

The study addresses the key areas highlighted in the Qur'anic text regarding this matter, including the concepts of **faith and righteous deeds** as dual motivators of productive activity; **strength and trustworthiness** as foundations of labor; **behavioral guidelines** as embodiments of strict administrative ethics; **consultation (shura)** as a basis for public decision-making; **reward and punishment** as reinforcements of conduct; and **justice** as both a principle and a methodology.

The research briefly analyzes these concepts with direct references to the Qur'anic text, presenting them as part of the administrative and economic thought framework in Islam, which found practical expression during the Islamic era in exemplary instances of leadership behavior rooted in Islamic values and principled considerations.

After capitalist economies had reached an advanced stage of development and prosperity, they found themselves facing constraints in the form of regulations, instructions, and restrictions imposed by other countries on the flow of goods into their markets. As a result, the concept of globalization emerged, advocating the removal of all barriers to the movement of production factors and their transfer across various economies.

In Islamic countries, financial activity includes a type of banking that seeks to regulate the flow of capital and its allocation within the economy in accordance with the jurisprudential rules of Islamic law. Therefore, this research is an attempt to explore the impact of globalization on these banks.

The first chapter discusses the concept of globalization, defining both economic and banking globalization. The second chapter attempts to answer the question that prompted the shift from interest-based (usurious) banks to Islamic banks. The third chapter, titled "Islamic Banks in the Era of Globalization," reviews the foundations and methods of risk management in capitalist banks. Finally, we reached conclusions and recommendations that we believe merit discussion and, where possible, acceptance.

A speech or address generally refers to words directed toward others, whether for commanding or informing. In the Qur’an, it is the speech of God addressed to the accountable through His Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family), including commands and prohibitions, encouragement and warnings, promises and threats, information and reminders, and other forms of discourse.

Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him and his family) is the supreme example in character and morals, and scholars have studied his personality from various angles. God’s speech to the Prophet encompasses different types of addresses: some directed specifically to the Prophet himself, others to the Muslims or the polytheists. This requires interpreters to carefully understand to whom the speech is addressed by analyzing the style and context.

Regarding Surah ‘Abasa (verses 1–10), there has been debate about the intended addressee and whether it is permissible to direct reproach and admonition to the Prophet. Islamic traditions and major scholarly sources unanimously agree that the one who frowned and turned away is the Prophet himself, and that the blind man mentioned is Ibn Umm Maktum. The speech uses a third-person style that serves to honor him rather than criticize.

The Prophet’s frowning does not contradict his good character, as he was human and naturally expressed emotions like anger and pleasure visibly. However, Shia interpretations differ, asserting the Prophet’s infallibility and mercy, and thus denying that the verses imply any blame toward him. They argue that the description of ignoring the poor and attending to the wealthy contradicts his noble ethics.

Moreover, God praised the Prophet’s character as “great” even before the revelation of this Surah, which contradicts the notion that he was reprimanded for visible behavioral faults. Some enemies of Islam have exploited these verses to attack the Prophet’s character, but God’s light continues to prevail despite their attempts.

Al-Jawahiri is considered among the foremost of the great Arab poets in the modern era. His exceptional talent—refined by the distinctive Najafi environment—and his dedication and perseverance in studying, reading, and memorizing, enabled him to earn the title “The Greatest Arab Poet,” having composed a vast and beautiful body of poetry across diverse themes.**

**This research is a study of the poem “The Shepherd,” a work written under the influence of the environment in which the poet lived at the time—when he was engaged in agriculture during a period of his long life. It is an analytical study of the language, ideas, and visions that shaped the poem’s central theme (“The Shepherd”). It highlights the key foundations upon which the poet relied in weaving this poem, a piece through which—with his refined sensitivity, elevated artistic ability, and mastery of language—he vividly portrayed the shepherd, his flock, and his life in the most magnificent way.

After reviewing the poetry of Black poets, I was captivated by that rebellious and angry spirit, which inspired me to explore its causes and origins. I found that these were personalities worthy of study, whose personal struggles with racial discrimination led to a heightened sensitivity toward societal concerns and the suffering of their era.

For this reason, Black poets engaged deeply in the political arena, directing their sharp gaze toward authority and the instability of governance. Their poetry reflected penetrating insights, embodied in their revolutionary verse—another dark aspect, no less intense than the color of their skin. Thus, my curiosity as a researcher drove me to delve into what they wrote, seeking to uncover what had not yet been expressed.

The research addresses the issue of the father’s and paternal grandfather’s guardianship over an adult virgin, a subject of disagreement among Islamic schools due to conflicting narrations. Focusing on the perspective of the Ahl al-Bayt school, it concisely presents the various opinions and their evidences. It includes an introduction explaining the key terms, followed by four sections: (1) opinions on the marriage of an adult virgin and supporting evidences, (2) the grandfather’s shared guardianship with the father, (3) resolving conflicts between the father and grandfather regarding marriage, and (4) cases where the father’s and grandfather’s permission is void, granting the adult virgin independence in marriage.

The state’s obligation to compensate victims of terrorism is a legal commitment, as the state is responsible for tasks that individuals are incapable of performing, with crime prevention and the protection of individuals at the forefront of these duties. Since the state has reserved for itself the exclusive right to impose punishment, if it fails to prevent terrorist crimes and individuals suffer harm due to the state’s negligence or the mistakes of its agents, the state is then obligated to pay compensation to those affected by such crimes. Victims and their families have the right to claim compensation for the damages they have suffered.

With the advancement and cultural development of societies, the state has enacted legislation requiring individuals to refrain from seeking justice on their own. It has also introduced laws prohibiting individuals from possessing weapons, making such possession a crime, while pledging under the constitution to protect individuals from any crime that threatens the security of society. Accordingly, the state has issued laws obligating itself to compensate those affected by terrorist acts.

Qur’anic recitations have received significant attention from scholars of the Islamic nation, especially Arabic language experts who aimed to serve the Qur’an and preserve its correct recitation. I chose to study the recitation of Abu Amr ibn al-‘Alaa al-Basri (d. 154 AH) due to his prominent linguistic and grammatical status, and because his recitation was once widely known across the Islamic world. Abu Amr was a scholar of language and recitation, recognized for his smooth reading and sound selections, relying on linguistic authenticity and adherence to traditional reports.

This study focused on the grammatical aspects of Abu Amr’s recitation, particularly the syntactic meanings of verbs, divided into three sections: the grammatical states of the active and passive verbs, the grammatical significance of the indicative mood of the present tense verb, and the grammatical significance of the subjunctive and jussive moods of the present tense verb. The research aimed to highlight Abu Amr’s linguistic and recitational contributions through an analysis of the syntactic meanings of verbs according to his recitation.

In this article, we studied the love poetry of Dr. Ibrahim Naji, the contemporary romantic poet, and demonstrated his influence by Al-Sharif Al-Radi, who had a significant impact on Naji’s poetry. I do not believe any other poet influenced his work as much as Al-Radi did. We found many similarities between their poems, all indicating Naji’s deep influence by Al-Radi’s poetry.

We presented numerous examples of these similarities, including their shared poetic vocabulary, their emphasis on chastity and avoidance of sensuality, themes of migration and alienation, and profound pessimism. They also share a style of love poetry characterized by sorrowful emotion, ease and simplicity of expression, and artistic sincerity in their feelings.

The judiciary is considered sacred among all nations, as it has been revered by divine laws and man-made legislation since their inception up to the present. The position of a judge is regarded as one of the highest offices, as through the judiciary justice and stability prevail in society. The judiciary holds great importance due to the nature of the mission entrusted to judges — standing against the oppressor and restoring usurped rights to their rightful owners. A just judge is the effective power to which the weak turn for support.

Linguistically, “judiciary” (al-qadā’) means the act of deciding, completing, and concluding a matter. In Islamic jurisprudence, it is defined as the authority to issue judgments, legally entrusted to those qualified to give fatwas, applying the specifics of Sharia law to certain individuals in matters of establishing rights and fulfilling them for those entitled.

Legally, it is defined as the resolution of disputes and conflicts arising between natural persons and the imposition of appropriate penalties on those proven to have committed misdemeanors and felonies. The judiciary is independent and not subject to any external authority, as emphasized by the Law of Judicial Organization and safeguarded by all Iraqi constitutions.

The judiciary has a unique status that distinguishes it from other professions due to the vital role it plays. Judges must meet specific conditions such as maturity, sound mind, knowledge, ijtihad (juristic reasoning), and being Muslim. In positive legal systems, judges are not appointed arbitrarily; they are either accredited by the state after fulfilling legal requirements or selected from among those with expertise and competence, as in the jury system.

The text discusses the Qur'an’s supportive stance toward Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in confronting the leaders of Quraysh, particularly Al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah. It shows how the Qur'an served as the Prophet’s weapon, exposing his opponents’ intentions and captivating minds with its eloquence. Although these leaders recognized the truth of the message, their pride and worldly interests prevented them from believing, leading them to persist in opposing the truth, driven by their desires and the influence of devils, until they met a doomed fate. The text also highlights the profound impact of the Qur'an on the Arabs, especially delegations visiting Mecca, which enraged Quraysh’s leaders who tried in vain to prevent people from embracing it. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of understanding Mecca’s social environment to fully grasp the stances of these leaders.

The text presents a study on the 1920 Iraqi Revolution through the coverage of the American newspaper The New York Times, highlighting its significant impact on global media. The researcher relied on translated editions of the newspaper from the revolution’s period, analyzing their content to understand the American press’s perspective on the revolution and its influence on U.S. public opinion. The availability of these translations facilitated the examination of the terms and descriptions used by this major newspaper in addressing the political aspects of the revolution.

The phenomenon of Sa‘alaka (vagabondry) in Arabic literature has been a significant subject of interest for researchers, both past and present, due to its uniqueness in thought and behavior, despite the often negative reactions from tribes that controlled individuals at the time. This study focuses on the character of the Sa‘alik as portrayed by its prominent poet, ‘Urwah ibn al-Ward, through three main topics: the struggling Sa‘alik personality, the estranged personality, and the socialist tendency within the Sa‘alik character. The researcher used an analytical approach primarily based on textual analysis, supplemented by other research methods. While acknowledging the challenges of exploring this field, the study highlights the enjoyment and seriousness in uncovering the truth about this unique literary phenomenon.

The current study aims to answer the following question:

Are there problems faced by fifth-year students at the Teachers’ Preparation Institute during their practical training period in primary schools?

The study was limited to students from the departments of English, Science, Mathematics, Arabic, Art Education, and Physical Education. The researcher selected 20% of the original population, resulting in a sample of 114 students. After presenting the questionnaire items to experts and reviewers, the questionnaire was applied to the main sample. Using appropriate statistical methods—Pearson correlation coefficient, weighted mean, and percentage weight—the researchers reached several findings, including:

Inability to manage students due to their large number

Weak alignment of curricula with modern teaching methods

Delay of teachers in attending lessons

Trainees being occupied with playground supervision duties

The present research explores the nature of invitation making and acceptance in English society from a pragmatic point of view. It attempts to systemize the various strategies used for the purpose of inviting in English society; and to highlight the socio-pragmatic constraints governing their use. Three major aspects of inviting are mentioned: inviting, accepting an invitation and declining it.The research has shown that this process is
patterned, functional and rule-governed. Furthermore, it shows that social distance in relation to sex and age of the individual speaker is an important factor in determining the type of strategies used for inviting, accepting an invitation or declining it. It has also been argued that English people have a special patterning of inviting that can be understood and appreciated only by people sharing the same socio-cultural background. The results of the study have implications for intercultural communication.