journal of kufa studies center

The purpose of the research is that the Holy Qur'an contains a number of broad stimulations and connotations, including the existence of the two phenomena of participation of both types (verbal and moral), and the release and restriction, for the existence of these two phenomena, and the existence of Qur'anic texts that are thought to be of the mysterious commonality, and upon reflection and investigation, it became clear that they either have no participation at all, or they have a subscription but they are enriching the Qur'anic text that does not close it and make it a riddle, and that the participation and release make the Qur'an alive and not dead, and it always remains unsatisfied with the scholars These phenomena increase the universality of the Qur'an, not as imagined by those who have not scrutinized the contexts of the Holy Qur'an, and every researcher of the Qur'anic significance keeps repeating how much the former has left for the other, not what the former has left for the other.

The lives of the prophets and messengers constituted strategic dimensions and great importance in the movement and march of history, because they had a great impact on history throughout the ages, and they gave a lot in their march to human civilization, and their efforts were focused on two important and very important aspects, the first aspect is the ideological structure of society, and the other aspect is the intellectual and social reform that man is experiencing in those eras. This study included the departure of Lot and his family from Sodom and the angels saving them from destruction The researcher explained how the end of the people of Lot was after the punishment descended on them and their villages, and also this research carried the explanation of the destruction of Lot's wife and her transformation into a pillar or a salt monument, approaching the method of analysis, criticism and comparison according to the standard of critical analytical study and the degree of comparison between them on the basis of the accurate scientific method according to the texts of the Old Testament, Hebrew sources and historical sources.

The research aims to identify the causes and motives of violence against children and women in particular, and to address and develop institutions and centers of domestic violence. The research is divided into two topics, the first deals with the definition of domestic violence and the knowledge of its causes and forms in three demands, namely (definition of domestic violence), (causes of domestic violence) and (forms of domestic violence), while the second topic deals with the provisions of the fetus in five demands: (provisions of fetal inheritance), (abortion violence and its provisions), (forms of abortion violence before entering the soul) and (violence in abortion after The Entry of the Soul) and (The Crowding of the Mother's Life with the Fetus), the researcher relied on the comparative approach to compare the Islamic schools of thought in the subject of the research, and concluded the research with the most important findings of the study.

Al-Hira is an ancient city historically, as it is the capital of Al-Manathira, and this city is one of the most important historical Arab cities that was characterized by religious tolerance, in Al-Hira, the Christian religion embraces with Muslims, this city was born before Islam and ruled by a series of families and tribes that ranged in weakness and strength, and its importance stems from the fact that it established a pure Arab civilization, and developed the Arabic letter, which was later transferred to Mecca, because of its literary importance, as this city contained in its folds a group of poets of the Muallaqat, such as Tarfa bin Al-Abed, Labid bin Rabi'ah, Obaid bin Al-Bars, Al-Nabagha Al-Dhabiani. The study contained four chapters, the first chapter included the research problem, its importance and the need for it through the aesthetic features that the study documents, as well as the light it sheds on Islamic architecture and the aesthetic features of the mihrabs of the mosques of the city of Al-Hira, and the limits of the research were limited to the old city of Al-Hira in 2015 in the niches of Islamic religious architecture in the city of Al-Hira by achieving the goal of the study, which is to reveal the features and characteristics of the niches of Islamic religious architecture in the city of Al-Hira and then the second chapter is the theoretical framework The first topic included the city of Al-Hira historically (name, climate, place), and the second topic - Islamic religious architecture in the city of Al-Hira is a field study of the mosques of the city of Al-Hira and it has been described in full, as well as included previous unpublished and published studies. This chapter was concluded with the indicators of the theoretical framework that helped in analyzing the sample of the study that was analyzed in the third chapter within the research procedures to end the study with a set of results in the fourth chapter, and the most important results of the research were:
1 - Some of the mosques of the mihrab are diverse in aesthetic treatment and rich in decorations that are subject to a clear aesthetic study.
2 - Some of the shapes of the mihrab appear to be simple and reflect only the functional aspect of the mihrab.
3 - Some of the niches are decorated with the tiles of the Qashani.
The study ended with conclusions, recommendations, suggestions and sources

The ancient Iraqi man gave great importance to music and singing, as evidenced by the number and clay tablets on which some musical instruments and melodies were engraved in cuneiform texts, which accompanied the life of the ancient Iraqi man, as the songs, songs, and hymns that were taught to children were accompanied by musical melodies, as well as school students received intensive lessons in music and singing. Burial rituals, some of which are placed with the body of the deceased of kings, as in the royal cemetery in your, and some of these instruments have continued to the present day, such as the canary, the junk, and others, and other types of little use, such as guitars, Sumerian flutes, etc..., as well as some songs, religious hymns, and anthems, including the Sumerian national anthem, which is likely to be accompanied by a certain musical melody, and from this point of view, this study came to put the dots on the letters and to unveil a lot of what was hidden from the private information With the musical instruments that accompanied the ancient Iraqi man from cradle to grave.
The study concluded with a number of results, including: that the society in Mesopotamia was and still is alive with a vibrant heart and a unique taste, which used music, singing and songs as a basis to express its feelings directly, and funerary hymns are nothing but an expression of the tragedy that befell the country, which called on the gods to organize a number of lamentations of destroyed cities, to express their sadness and pain. This type of elegy is performed by the priests of the Kalu to accompany musical instruments in a hymn performance, while the elegy of Ershima is a literary and religious style known in the Old Babylonian era and popular in the Neo-Babylonian era, the performance of poetic pieces is mostly used as elegy accompanied by the drum SEM, but on the other hand, music, melody and melody accompanied by songs and hymns expressed the face of renewed life in the celebrations of New Year's holidays, holidays, official celebrations, coronation ceremonies of kings and other festive occasions
The research included three topics, the first topic dealt with a historical overview of musical instruments, the second topic dealt with the classification of musical instruments and their types mentioned in cuneiform readings, and the third topic was the songs that were repeated in forums, occasions and holidays.

Since the creation of man, human societies have been using techniques that vary in simplicity and complexity to raise and socialize their children, so that they become aware of the changes in life that make the individual able to learn the values, order, and behavior patterns of the social environment in which he is a member, and to provide him with the roles and attitudes expected of the members of the community.
This research will study the integration between socialization and human development of Riyadh children, and the research included three main topics, the first dealt with three axes, the first dealt with the basic elements of research, the second the most important research concepts and terminology, and the third previous studies, while the second topic included two axes, the first was socialization, its goals and methods, the second human development, its goals and methods, and the third topic was distributed in four axes, the first to achieve integration between socialization and human development, and the second was the professional role of female teachers within Kindergarten, the third is the development and updating of kindergarten activities programs, and the fourth is the importance of the comprehensive development of the kindergarten child, then the suggestions and recommendations, and then the list of resources.

The major aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of Socratic questioning method (henceforth SQ) and its value in teaching, learning and thinking. It also investigates the effects of utilizing SQ to enhance students’ critical thinking (CT) skills in reading and rhetoric discussions at the Department of English – the University of Basra (BU)/Iraq. This empirical research examines two discrete, substantial areas: (1) the efficacy of integrating SQ into curriculum in the English program at BU, with continuous teaching and modelling of SQ, and (2) the possibility that students’ critical thinking skills are developed will be investigated. The overall research results indicate (1) the constant curriculum-based teaching and modelling of SQ method –based on Paul and Elder’s questioning taxonomy – brings about a notable change in the students’ analytic and evaluative abilities. As research results indicate, promoting students’ critical thinking skills requires critical questioning; and such (2) Modelling can be a powerful tool in the cultivation of teaching, learning and thought.

The present study examines how literature and film are interrelated. It shows that some writers and novelists have inspired by the works of cinema particularly at the beginning of the twentieth century. Adaptation has been utilized to stress on realizing the strategy used by narrative and film. We have seen how the theory of intertextuality persists that text cannot exist as a self-sufficient whole. Literature needs words to express about feelings and issues of community, cinema needs devices and techniques to be applied to produce film to be closer to audience and people.

The goal of the present study is to discover the acoustic features of the sarcastic utterances and what differentiates them from other types of speech. Through this research, our main concern is to detect the prosodic cues of sarcasm in comparison with the neutral type of speech. We conducted a study that was undertaken previously by other researchers like Tapperman and others, but among other spectral and contextual cues, we focused only on the prosodic cues like formants, mean pitch, intensity, energy, and duration in an effort to practically match our findings with the findings of other researchers in the field of language processing.

The Odd Women is a novel written by the English novelist George Robert Gissing in 1883. Gissing as a novelist was interested in feminist movement. Indeed, he supported women in his novel and based on his experience of the society in the 19th century, he wrote this novel. The novel illustrates how millions of women were considered as strange or odd because they were without pair or husband because they had to choose between their desires and their principles in life. Furthermore, Gissing attempts to portray to us the nature of women in relation to marriage and sexuality, and he depicts this through his characters in the novel. The novel gives vivid images to several issues dominant in the nineteenth century, such as women suffering the humiliation of being elderly and unmarried in the Victorian period, sexual anarchy and sex oppression, and women challenging the most deeply held attitudes and ideologies of the culture. In this paper, I am studying George Gissing in order to explain how sexuality and marriage were regarded in the Victorian period.

The Human Poverty Index (HP-I-2) is one of the statistical laws that are used to measure poverty, which has been used by the United Nations, and this scale uses the numbers of multiple variables that lie according to the number of variables that measure poverty, and this research dealt with the cases of poverty measurement such as unemployment, inability to read and write, the average age for living and survival, as well as the percentage of monthly income of the family, which is one of the main determinants of poverty, and the percentage of the Human Poverty Index was reached. The percentage of the Human Poverty Index (HP I-2) in Dhi Qar Governorate in 2009 was (20%) and then increased to (29%) in 2015, which indicates the high poverty rate in the governorate.

The relentless attempts of small and medium-sized business organizations to control the quality of the products provided through the processing chains have often been unsuccessful due to the occurrence of cases of damage to some raw materials or damage of the product before it reaches the final consumer, which has called for such organizations to exert more efforts to find out the real reasons behind the cases of complete failure to provide a high-quality product through the processing chain.
Recently, work has been done to divert attention to the study of several relationships that are interrelated with the supply chain, including the strategy of the supply chain itself and the size of the role it plays in maintaining the quality of products, and perhaps through this concept, organizations can control the cases of failures or deviations in the quality of the product flowing through the supply chains going out or entering it, and also move towards achieving a sustainable competitive advantage that they achieve through the quality of the product provided.