Journal Of AL-Turath University College

the most doctors spend a lot of time for detecting a benign tissue which is easily be distinguished from malignant one in a computerized community. This denotes to a waste of time and resources that can be spent in classifying the difficult cases. As a result, many researchers began to develop diagnostic methods with aid of computer applications that uses image processing techniques. It helps to classify existence of diseases such as breast cancer where a lot of features are used to distinguish this disease. This paper employees a meta-heuristic algorithm (Dolphin Echolocation Algorithm DEA) to select the most effective features from all expensive used features to accurate and fast classification of breast cancer. In this research, Fine Needle Aspiration images are used. Additionally, three classifiers (SVM, BP-NN, and KNN) are utilized to classify medical data. For increasing the accuracy and reducing the time, many feature selection algorithms are used. The results show that meta-heuristic algorithms (GA and suggested DEA) are outperformed other feature selection methods.

The recognition of an image is vastly employed in various application zones like recognition of a shape, recognition of eye and recognition of a gesture. Among present algorithms for this objective, vision_based and statistical algorithms are further efficient solutions for being precise, versatile and inexpensive. Vision_based algorithms can mostly be classified as feature_based algorithms and appearance_based algorithms. In this paper, we can be surveyed algorithms for recognition the location of a specific frame from video stream based on both vision_based and statistical algorithms. To compare the performances of the algorithms, we conducted a series of experiments on four types of algorithms such as Harris Corner Detector, moment's invariants, Fast Retina Key-points (FREAK) Detector and histogram matching. The comparison process relied on two important measures: time it takes to locate the image in the video stream and the accuracy. Experimental results on a sample of videos of different sizes showed that the time taken to detect the location of the image within the video stream is high when using the FREAK detection algorithm, while the time is very little when using the moment's invariants algorithm. As for the detection accuracy, it is high when using the FREAK detection algorithm, while the very little time when using the moment's invariants algorithm.

The development of smartphones led to the prosperity of mobile government and has allowed public originations to provide their services online which can be accessed anytime and from anywhere. Although, there are several researchers tried to investigate and research in the field of mobile services and applications in Iraq but it is still at the infancy level. The problem of this study represented by the number of hard copies of a student guide is limited and is not available for all students, and the applicant is required to visit university for registration, despite the fear of the spread of COVID-19. Therefore, universities should exploit technology development to design electronic services systems that provide a guide for the students and will enable them to register online. This study tries to fill this gap by presenting an application that is used in one of the most important fields (electronic services). The application exploits a smartphone, and a network system (internet) which allows the applicant student to fulfill the requirement record of the college admission which is stored in a MySQL database; Lastly, the application sends the acceptance approval to the student account. As well as this study adopts the general methodology. The results showed a high importance of the web and mobile application to provide such services specially with the wide spread of Covide-19 to maintain the difficulties caused by the lockdown procedures. According to the results, the interfaces of the App facilitate the registration procedure significantly. Adopting such applications opens the gate toward more sophisticated trends that can serve students in abnormal situations and crisis.

The conquest and occupation of North America by Europeans since the latter part of the sixteenth century has caused great suffering for Native Americans with devastating consequences. Before the arrival of the invaders, Native Americans were leading an organized system of life-based on communal, egalitarian, and traditional values. After the invasion, this structure of life was harshly transformed due to the invaders' policy of annihilation. The policy implied destruction of native identity, assimilation, the extermination of native languages, cultures, and rituals. However, those Native Americans who survived extermination remained resilient, cherishing their traditional ways of life.
This study aims to examine the means of survival in the face of the continuous struggles adopted in the poetry of Simon Ortiz (1941- ). During the 1970s, Ortiz was one of the Native American poets accountable for promoting Native American literature to a prominent position in American literature. In his poems, Ortiz draws on the vibrant styles and subjects of the oral tradition endured for millennia in Native American cultural communities and brings them into a contemporary context as a written record of people's experiences.

This research paper revolves around the use of euphemisms for the description of war representations in the military discourse, which are intended to mitigate the harsh and violent effects of direct statements in this respect. Besides, politicians and secretaries of ‘war’ and defense usually avoid direct expressions lest they should be accused of being terrorists, for the dishonesty of expressions points to the dishonesty of the speaker concerned. Hence, they usually resort to euphemisms concerning offensive and dishonest expressions in an attempt to pretend that they are honest politicians and militants having the right to attack and offend at the time they appear to be what they are not.
What prompts the production of this paper is the fact that the Middle East has been suffering from wars on many and various levels, which requires the offenders to use euphemisms describing war news so as to appear innocent people and cautious helpers for the warred countries that have been smitten by them.
This paper hypothesizes that the more wars are launched against helpless nations and countries, the more new euphemisms figure out in the dictionary of euphemisms; and the more dishonest and offensive politicians and militants are, the more euphemisms are used and devised.

Genetic algorithm is considered common one as a tool for solving optimization problems in which the performance of it based on finding best solution that’s mean production of new individuals in which the process of crossover ensures to gain that. In this paper crossover operators types of genetic algorithm techniques and methodologies are reviewed with details and concern with their applications in some fields are mentioned like in Travelling Salesman Problem and Encryption Problem.

Modern methodology places great importance on phonetics in a French language class. Approaches in phonetics that differ from the traditional method are a possibility and it is worth the effort, to render the learning of sounds more practical and interesting. There is no doubt that, as a foreign language, French consists of sounds that are difficult to master. The instructor guides the learners to produce the correct sounds, right from the initial stages, so they can articulate correctly and avoid an incorrect pronunciation from being reinforced.

With a large number of emerging multimedia in high-speed networks, multicast has become one of the key technologies for the Ad Hoc network to support multimedia services. Aiming to overcome the drawback of slow convergence and premature to solve Quality of Service multicast routing problems in the existing genetic algorithms (GA), and on the basis of the core ideas of particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) and GA, this paper combines the two algorithms and proposes a genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm(GPSO) basing on the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm as the mainline, and the mutation idea of GA to avoid the algorithm from falling into local optimality. In the establishing and maintaining of ad-hoc network multicast process, the proposed algorithm is implemented to accelerates the convergence speed of the GA and enhancing the ability to avoid premature maturity. Finally, simulation experiments prove that the GPSO algorithm can accelerates the convergence speed significantly and enhances the ability to avoid premature maturity in solving the QoS multicast routing problem of Ad Hoc networks.

This Paper deals With Comparing different estimators of Fuzzy Reliability Function of Two Parameters Weibull ( f ( t , p , θ ) ) , were first we estimate ( p , θ) by Maximum likelihood Methods and Moments Method , and Method of percentile, and Compare decimators of Fuzzy Reliability taking different Sample Size and initial values of ( p , θ)

Malignant gastric outlet obstruction is a medical condition characterized by epigastric pain and postprandial vomiting due to mechanical obstruction due to gastric cancer, lymphoma, or gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
This study aims To evaluate the causes of malignant gastric outlet obstruction and how to treat them, in addition; the application of gastric outlet obstruction scoring system before and after treatment.
A prospective study was conducted in the Surgical Department of the Gastrointestinal and Hepatology Teaching Hospital. It included 51 adult patients diagnosed as all patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction. Data collected included socio-demographic, clinical presentation, virology status, laboratory, radiological and endoscopic findings, operative findings and surgical procedure performed and postoperative complication and result of histopathology, and pre and postoperative gastric outlet obstruction scoring system.
The mean age was 53.21 ± 14.6 years; 58.8% were males.The most common presentation in our patients was non-bilious vomiting. Loop Gastrojejunostomy alone was the most common surgical procedure in 37.2% of them. Major surgical complications developed in 58.8% of patients.All patients resumed oral intake after surgery.
Malignant gastric outlet obstruction affects males more commonly and is caused mostly by gastric adenocarcinoma with non-bilious vomiting as the most common presenting symptom. Distal gastrectomy is the treatment of choice for resectable tumor, while loop gastrojejunostomy and other types of bypass surgery for unresectable tumor.

In the work developing image video compression of videoconferencing by addition one Bi-directional -frame algorithm between I-frame and P-frame or between two P-frames in H.261 video compression standard without using filter. And using three bi-directional frames between (I and P) or between two P in H.263 video compression standard and using filtering to image before compression. In order to maximize the compression ratio. The proposed methods did not affect the image quality.

In this work, we focus on the diversity techniques using orthogonal space time block coded (OSTBC) for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) setting. We consider the joint channel estimation and data detection (JCEDD) problem using exact Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT). Constant and nonconstant modulus constellation can be successfully and blindly detected using our proposed fast algorithm. Our simulation results show that our scheme outperforms lest squared (LS-CEDD) scheme, and that it is simpler to implement.