NTU Journal of Pure Sciences

Background: Since the origin of obesity is multifactorial and complex, resulting from the interaction between genetic/epigenetic, environmental, and socio-psychological determinants, in addition to the bacterial composition of the intestinal flora could be a third element involved in the development of excess weight. therefor intestinal flora (especially Lactobacillus) plays an intermediary role in the metabolism and inflammation and involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes type 2 and obesity.Objective:This study aimed to determinethe relationship between identified Lactobacillus spp.and obesity in women.Material and method: This study included the collection of 90 samples from participants (20-50 Years) during the period from December 2022 to March 2023. Body mass index was calculated for study participants and Lactobacillusstrain was microbiologically and biochemically identified.Results: Results showed that Lactobacillusof obese participants are significantly (p<0.001) different from that of thin and normal participants.Conclusion: This study showed a microbiological analysis revealed that obese diabetic and non-diabetic patients had higher percentages of many distinct types of lactobacillusthan thin and healthy diabetic and non-diabetic patients.Female participants with type 2 diabetes had FBG values that were greater than those of non-diabetic participants, and it also rose with age

An enormous protozoan parasite found worldwide, particularly in unsanitary areas, is calledEntamoeba histolytica, and considered the main causes for intestinal infection Amoebiasis is worldwide in distribution and is the third most common cause of death due to parasitic infection after malaria and schistosomiasis. In the current study, stool samples were taken from a total of 270 patients who were attending to Azadi Teaching Hospital of Kirkuk City. The participants aged from (3 month to 79 years old) that suffering diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, dehydration and, flatulence. The study was done between October 2022 and April 2023. By general stool examination identified macroscopically colors that are classified to yellowish, brownish, greenish and bloody. and consistency for liquid, soft and solid as well as microscopic examination for presence of blood and pus cell and identified cyst or trophozoite or both of E. histolyticaand then isolate and cultivated and maintaining in TYS-S-33 media selective for E. histolyticaand add healthy human inactivated serum instate of bovine serum to the media.

With the increase interest in unconventional encoding methods, the need to study models that employ the kinematic dimension in letter formation.Partition Theoryis one effective tool for representing letters within organized geometric structures. Among these models, the concept of "Path Two" stands out as a new approach to rethinking how letters are building visually and kinetically.This research aims to explore the effect of second-path motion on the encoding of English letters within the framework of partition theory. In this research, we will depend on a word consisting of two English letters, and the movement of the second path will be up to nine movements only, without the need to complete it to the end of the path because the movement will be similar to other movement but in the opposite direction. Each movement has its own rule. The movement of the second path of the two-letter word will make the word more ambiguous and difficult to read. and so, this research looks forward to contribute to the use of the second path in obfuscating the optical encoding of letters, which leads to giving the system an additional level of visual security or perceptual camouflage in coding systems.

Von Neumann regular rings, introduced in 1936, form a cornerstone of abstract algebra and were later extended to weakly regular rings. This work considers another extension, the W-regular rings defined by Wei [6], and explores their properties and distinctions from related notions.The present paper looks into the characterizations of a few fundamental qualities of W-regular rings. We prove that if ????/Υ(????)is a W-regular ring and Υ(????2)=Υ(????)for all ????∈????2(????), then H is a W-regular. If????is an NI-ring and ????/????(????)be aregular ring, then ????bea W-regular ring if ????is n-regular. A ring ????is a W-regular ring if and only if ????????is a direct summand for all ????∈????2(????). If ????is a ring withevery right simple singular H-module is np-injective, ????is semiprime ring and an N-duo, then ????is a W-regular.

Ortho-Methoxybenzylidene-para-hydroxyaniline, meta-Methoxybenzylidene-para-hydroxyaniline, para-Hydroxybenzylidene-para-hydroxyaniline as numbered 1,2,3 were synthesized by standard methods.The chemical structures of these compounds were confirmed previously by physical methods in addition to chemical tests.The tautomerism reactions of the above mentioned imine in this paper required the measurements of ultraviolet absorption spectra of imines under study.The tautomeric equilibrium constants of the Schiff bases under study were determined at five different temperatures ranging from 10°C to 50°C, facilitating the estimation of the equilibrium constants of the tautomerism reactions and the thermodynamic functions, namely ΔG, ΔH, and ΔS, of the Schiff base tautomers.

Many studies have focused on the use of natural alternatives in the treatment of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria, so the interest focused on Nodule cysteine-rich (NCR) peptides from legumes, exploiting their effect on the differentiation of Rhizobium bacteria within root nodules and inhibiting their growth by affecting the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane. Therefore, concentrations of 50-1.6μg/ml of four NCR peptides extracted from four legumes were used to study their antimicrobial activity on the growth of five genus of multidrug-resistant human pathogenic bacteria. The study was carried out using a disc diffusion method to examine the impact of these peptides on these pathogenic bacteria. It became evident that Gram-positive was more affected by these peptides than Gram-negative bacteria. Using the microplate method, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus showed clear sensitivity to peptides 1 and 2, while Acinetobacter baumannii and Proteus mirabilis were completely resistant to all types of peptides tested. Results in the infected mice revealed that 6.25μg/ml was superior to 50 μg/ml of Medicago sativa peptide in completely healing wounds in laboratory mice 17 days after infection with both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. This is the first local study that used NCR peptides from legumes as selected alternatives for antibiotic use