Journal of Al-qadisiya in arts and educational sciences

This research deals with the biography of the veteran Suwaid ibn Ghafla al-Ja'fi al-Kufi, who was born (in the Year of the Elephant) in the Arabian Peninsula, where he grew up. He then traveled to the cities of the Arab Islamic state (Makkah, Medina, Kufa, and Basra) to fight in the Islamic conquest, seek knowledge, and work in public life. He studied under the great companions (may God be pleased with them), especially Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib and his son Imam al-Hasan (peace be upon them), in addition to other sheikhs, including Abdullah ibn Masoud and Amer ibn Wathilah. He also narrated from the Caliphs Abu Bakr al-Siddiq and Umar ibn al-Khattab. After he became a sheikh and scholar, students of knowledge sought him out to benefit from him. His status among the scholars of the Arab Islamic nation in the sciences of the Holy Qur’an, history, hadith scholars, and fatwas was enhanced. They described him as having great stature and status, and as one of the trustworthy ones. He became one of the imams of narration and knowledge, as almost all Islamic heritage books are devoid of his narrations. Suwaid continued Ibn Ghafla, with his scholarly contributions, established his glory in this world and his honor in the afterlife. He left significant scholarly works in various sources and references, addressing the religious, scientific, and social lives of Muslims. He also contributed significantly to clarifying the historical facts of the pre-Islamic era, the era of the blessed prophetic message, the Rightly-Guided Caliphate, and the Umayyad state, up until his death around 81 AH/700 AD or 82 AH/701 AD, during the caliphate of Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (65-86 AH/684-705 AD). During this period, I researched and studied examples of his narrations, and applied them to our public life. All of this led us to write this research and add it to our Arab-Islamic library for students of knowledge to study and investigate.

The letter 'ba' (b) in Arabic is one of the prepositions, and it has meanings that correspond to the context in which it appears. Therefore, both ancient and modern scholars who sought to understand its meaning in the language outside the Quranic text and within it have devoted attention to determining its significance. Among those who sought this were the commentators who researched the Quranic text to derive its meaning. Therefore, this study will focus on explaining what has been termed in the exegetical literature as “the ba (b) that enters upon what is abandoned and what is taken,” or what grammarians have called “ba of compensation” or “ba of exchange,” and the patterns of Quranic usage of this construction.

Saul Bellow’s novel, The Victim (1947) explores the theme of the "Other" through the Jewish-American character, Asa Leventhal. Asa is a successful businessman who is forced to confront his own prejudices and biases when he is accused of anti-Simitism by a former friend, Kirby Allbee. The novel delves into the complexities of other, identity, self, belonging, and the fear of the unknown, as Asa struggles to come to terms with his own sense of self and his relationship with those around him. One of the key ways in which Bellow explores the concept of Otherness is through the character of Leventhal. Asa Leventhal is an editor of a modest New York trade paper who being persecuted by Kirby Allbee, a drunken, depraved former acquaintance of Asa's who holds Asa of responsibility for his current condition. Since then, Allbee has continued to descend into a state of near total degeneracy, losing not only his job but also his wife, friends, and self-respect. Allbee believes that Asa is to blame for his earlier loss of employment. Allbee claimed that Asa had reacted angrily to an anti-Semitic statement, Allbee, had made at the time by "getting back at" him. Throughout the novel, Asa is haunted by the idea of the "Other". He is uncomfortable with his Jewishness. He feels that people around him are against him or persecute him because of his Jewishness. Asa’s fear of being seen as different or "Other" is evident in his interactions with his colleagues and acquaintances. The Victim is an extraordinarily compelling and perceptive examination of the idea of 'The Other' and how it interacts with other concerns like self, identity, responsibility, suspicion, and loneliness with its compelling characters and narrative.

This study delves into the complex interaction of language and politics using tools from Political Discourse Analysis (PDA). Oratory is a potent weapon for creating and delivering rhetoric, appealing to the emotional sensibilities of constituencies, and providing content staked on meaning. Informed by theoretical approaches rooted in critical discourse analysis (CDA) and political linguistics, this work investigates how political actors use speech to construct meaning, lay claim to authority, and negotiate power. Case studies of all-time great speeches Winston Churchill’s, Martin Luther King’s, John F. Kennedy’s, Nelson Mandela’s, Ronald Rea- gan’s and Barack Obama’s demonstrate how effective rhetorical devices like repetition, inclusive pronouns, metaphors and narratives can be employed. Drawing on examples of these linguistic strategies, the article explores the functions of discourse in reframing political ideologies, constructing a sense of collective identity, and providing solutions to society's problems. The results show that political language does not simply serve as a line of communication but rather describes a dynamic lever of power used to shape reality, justify authority, and inspire action.

This research examines the significance of sound in Sura Dhariyat by exploring its impact on conveying the Quranic meaning. The researcher divided the research into four sections: the Quranic comma, long vowels, stress, and intonation. The researcher found that the chapter's commas were distinguished by a vocal tone that lent the Quranic section a powerful aural force, conveying scenes of the Day of Judgment, promise, and threat. The long vowels, with their power, gave the chapter a vocal flow that harmonized with the context and overall meaning of the chapter. Stress and intonation, on the other hand, gave the chapter a rhythmic diversity that harmonized with the recipient's psychological state, responding to the semantic data, both rising and falling, in a single word or sentence. All of this gives the linguistic taster, who explores the meanings of the chapter, a uniquely beautiful sense of the close relationship between the sound meaning and the meanings it contains, which are closely linked to the vocal performance.

This research sheds light on the method of Mr. Abdullah Shuber in his literary commentaries. In an effort to research to identify the general features that Mr. Abdullah Shuber walked on and built uponHis explanations.. and the research will also provide a brief overview of the life of the master, may God have mercy on him. Therefore, the search was based onTwo sections, the first is a study of the life ofthe commentator, and the second section includes: Introducing the explanations and the reasons for authorship, and then the general approach of the explanations

This research represents a diligent endeavor to understand poetics—in the experience of Afrah Al-Jubaili—as a structural totality emerging from the synergy and interrelation of both structural and visionary elements. This synergy does not allow one component to move at the expense of the inertia of others, but rather supports a dynamic collective movement that produces the whole.
Its findings demonstrate that modernist poetics in Afrah Al-Jubaili’s work do not lie in isolated elements—neither rhythmic nor rhetorical. Instead, they are cultivated through the selection of a poetic space that is distinct, distant, and oppositional. These oppositions are productive and effective, creating a network of interrelations that lead to a relational quality, where clusters of particulars converge into a focal point of comprehensive poetic astonishment.

"Every poet turns to a recipient in his imagination, to converse with him, interact with him, and discuss him, so every poet works hard to discuss the feelings of the reader, satisfy his curiosity, and test his mental reserve. The ropes of these interactions are held only by a clever, elitist recipient at times, because most of the poet’s intertextuality came with a high meaning that is not held by the simple recipient who has a simple knowledge. The poet Ahmed Bakhit (the last first".

The current research aims to find out the effect of the quick tour strategy (I'm still thinking) on the achievement of fourth-grade literary students in history. To achieve the goal and hypotheses of the research, the researcher adopted the experimental method and the design of two equal groups with partial control because it suits the research objectives and defines the research population with the grade students. The literary fourth in the middle and secondary day schools affiliated with the General Directorate of Education of Al-Qadisiyah (Directorate of Education of Al-Shamiya District) for the academic year) 2023-2024 (with (20) students for the experimental group, and (20) students for the control group. The scientific material was also specified in the chapters (sixth, Seventh and eighth) from the book The History of Arab Islamic Civilization, and the researcher prepared a research tool, which was represented by the achievement test in the subject of history, of the type of multiple test, consisting of (40) items, including (30) items of the type of objective test with four alternatives, and (10 ) paragraphs from the essay tests in the final form, and after analyzing the results statistically, the researchers concluded that the students of the experimental group who studied history using the quick round strategy (I'm Still Thinking) excelled over the students of the control group who studied the same subject in the usual way in the achievement test, and in light of the results, the researchers recommended A number of recommendations and proposal.

The purpose of this research is to study the impact of context, particularly its social dimension, on grammatical structures in light of the guidance of Quranic readings. Grammarians have recognized the social nature of language. Therefore, it can be said that they realized that language is a social phenomenon through which individuals aim to communicate with others from their linguistic environment. They also recognized that language has rules that are commonly accepted among members of a given environment, subject to the individual's control, including their mental faculties and technical abilities. This enables them to violate the rules without compromising the intended meaning. They can present what should be delayed, postpone what should be presented, omit what should be mentioned, and mention what should be omitted. Therefore, studying language through its social, cultural, and emotional contexts, etc., is an urgent necessity. Therefore, the research will examine the concept of situational context among modern scholars and its types. It will then present these types according to what grammarians have learned from them in their interpretation of some examples of predicate omission, which embody their awareness of the impact of context in guiding various types of meanings and the impact of Quranic readings on this.

Patterns of outward behavior among university students
The rapid economic, political and social development witnessed by society and the openness to other societies through means of communication and information technology and the resulting imitation, imitation and influence of their behavior have led to major changes in the patterns of habits and behavior among young people and adolescents. The research aimed to identify the patterns of outward behavior among university students and the statistically significant differences in the patterns of outward behavior according to the variables of gender and specialization. The researcher built a scale for the patterns of outward behavior in its three dimensions (consumer, purchasing, marketing), where the scale consisted of (30) paragraphs that were presented to a group of specialists (Appendix 1). The research sample consisted of (200) male and female students from the departments of educational sciences and life sciences. The results showed that university students in general have outward behavioral patterns in general. As for gender, the consumer pattern was significant and in favor of females. This shows that females are more inclined to the consumer pattern than to the rest of the patterns. As for the purchasing pattern, it was significant in favor of males. This showed that social upbringing methods have an impact on the type of prevailing pattern. The research appeared with some recommendations.

1.The soul according to the scholars (may God Almighty have mercy on them) is meant by the comprehensive meaning of the power of anger and lust in man, and it was said that it is man in reality, and it is man himself, and it is described with different descriptions according to different conditions
2. The doctrine of the scholars regarding the attributes of God (glory be to Him) is based on two doctrines: The first doctrine: The doctrine of delegation (the predecessors) and they said: by affirming them and applying them to their apparent meanings, and denying the manner and will of them, and the attributes with which God Almighty described Himself, or described His Messengers from Hearing, sight, face, hands, and all its other attributes are, on their face, the well-known, well-known, without how, there is no illusion in it, no analogy, no interpretation, and it is the perversion of the saying of the predecessors. And the second doctrine: the doctrine of interpretation (al-Khalaf), and they said: Interpreting the incoming words that signify embodiment and solutions and carry them to their figurative meanings, and according to their suitability with the position of God Almighty, as long as the language bears that because the Holy Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah include figurative meanings as well as real meanings.
3. Loving the Prophet (peace and blessings of God be upon him and his family) is one of the foundations of faith, and faith is not complete without it, because God, Glory be to Him, has associated his love with the love of His Messenger (may God bless him and his family and grant them peace), and threatens those who give something of money, children, housing, or anything else to his love
4. The Prophet (may God bless him and his family and grant them peace) was given all the words
5. Islam enjoins a Muslim to love for his Muslim brother what he loves for himself, and to give kindness, kindness, charity, and averting harm from him, which is part of the perfection of faith.
6. The scholars are unanimously agreed on the prohibition of buying and selling pigs, and they differed regarding the use of its hair based on sayings and as I explained in the research
7. The descent of a prophet who inspired Jesus (peace be upon him) at the end of time to establish justice, equality and equity among people, break idols, complete the law of the Messenger Muhammad (peace and blessings of God be upon him and his family) and follow him, and confirm what the Greatest Messenger promised him.
8. The grace, generosity and blessings of the Almighty over the nation of Islam that half of the people of Paradise are among them, with the glad tidings of the Messenger (may God bless him and his family and grant them peace) to his companions (may God be pleased with them) gradually, so that he would be more glad of good tidings, joy and happiness.
9. Entry to Paradise is only for a Muslim soul and a believer in God Almighty.
10. It is prescribed to say takbeer and praise for joyful things.
11. Specifying the Prophet of God Adam (peace and blessings of God be upon
him) to send the people of Hellfire, because God, Glory be to Him, informed
12. Search key (soul, about to come, are you satisfied, hair, cross)

The poetry of pride in the poet Adi bin Al-Ruqaa Al-Amili was directed in two directions: The first direction was the individual direction, which showed confidence and pride in himself and his abilities, appearing as an independent and steadfast individual in front of others. Here, the self and its ability to achieve perfection are highlighted. As for the second direction, the collective meaning of pride here appears clearly directed towards the tribe, fathers, grandfathers, tribal victories and social values, showing in a state of arrogance and haughtiness their honor, lineage and ancestry, resounding with their strength and greatness, mentioning their days, wars and victories, and that the poet’s actions in relation to his tribe were no less important than the actions of the kni

current research aims to identify the effect of the look before you listen strategy on the literary achievement of fourth grade students in the subject of history. The researcher adopted the method experimental , The design of two equal groups with partial control because it suits the objectives of the research , and determines the current research population of middle school and high school day students affiliated with the Shamiya Education Directorate /one of the districts of Diwaniyah Governorate for the academic year 2023/2024 , where the study was conducted on a sample of fourth grade literary students. It consists of (40) students in the history of Arab-Islamic civilization , distributed into two groups, with (20) students in the experimental group who studied according to the look before you hear strategy, and ( 20 ) students in the control group who studied according to the usual method. The study tool was the achievement test, which consisted of (30) objective items and (10) essay items . The results showed that the students of the experimental group outperformed the students of the control group in the achievement test. Accordingly, the researchers presented a set of conclusions, recommendations and proposals.

During the 1960s, the political scene in Angola witnessed the emergence of national movements demanding the independence of the country and liberation from the Portuguese occupation, and the emergence of the leader Khan Lahm, a clear influence in Angola and the great Jonas Safimbi in establishing one of these liberation movements, which is the National Union Movement for Complete Independence (UNITA) from the beginning of the 1960s until the 1960s, and received the support of China and the United States of America after the transformation of the conflict. Independence to the internal conflict between the national movements in Angola between Unita and Funela against the People's Movement (MBLA) supported by the Soviet Union.
The main focus of the discussion is on the historical background of the origin of the liberation movements in Angola and the armed struggle to resist the Portuguese occupation, then it touched on the origin of the Unita movement before its founder Jonas Safimbi in 1966-1975, then the discussion moved to the study of Unita's relations with major countries (China, the United States of America, and the Soviet Union) and the impact of the Cold War on the internal conflict of the liberation movements in Angola, and as a result of that cooperation and military support before the country of Leonita, and that is to hinder the nationalist movement that they considered the biggest threat, namely the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (Mbla).