Al-Fatih journal

Research Summary
The educational process is an arduous process as it requires the person in charge of the process, learning and education to choose the methods or method that he deems compatible with the requirements of the times as well as the age groups of the educational process. Therefore, the researchers ’attempt in this study is to use the problem-solving method, which is one of the methods that correspond to the age stage of a sample The two researchers, as the student can get acquainted with the problems facing him in the legal knowledge and the mechanism of arbitration with basketball as well as learning some basic skills in basketball. One of the reasons, which prompted him to go into this experience.The researchers used the experimental approach to suit the research problem, and the research community included students of the second stage on a sample of (260) students from the College of Physical Education and Mathematical Sciences, and they were divided into two groups: totals of each group (30) students, and each group underwent different educational units as The problem-solving method was applied to the first group and applied. As for the second group, who was the control, they were taught in the method followed by the teacher, and the two researchers conducted pre-tests and measurements before applying the educational units for the problem-solving method that lasted (10) weeks per unit per week. The tests were done after completing the units, and the pre and post results were processed by appropriate statistical means (spss).

The study aimed to know the effect of the Deans model of games on the achievement of pre-kindergarten children in the subject of science (scientific experiences). The experiment was applied to the five-year-old pre-school children from Kindergarten (Rawdat Jil Al-Mustaqbal Al'ahlia) affiliated to the city of Baqubah, and the research sample reached (60) children A girl is divided into two experimental groups that were studied according to the Deans model for games and a control was studied according to the usual method and a t test was adopted to calculate the mean difference. The results of the study were the superiority of the experimental group over the control group with a significance level of (0.05). Denis for games in teaching the scientific experiences of kindergarten children, and the researcher recommended using the Denis model in teaching other school subjects because this model enjoys facilitating the education process in kindergarten

Analytical thinking is one of the mental processes through which the situation is dismantled into its parts and reorganized in a way that allows to see events in a new way through which the individual realizes the interconnection between cognitive structures. It can be said that mental aspects play an influential role in building the personality of the individual and among these aspects of thinking that represent the finest Aspects of the human personality.The research problem in measuring the analytical thinking of psychological counseling students was determined according to the following goals:
1. Identify the level of analytical thinking (multidimensional) for students of psychological counseling.
2. Identify the differences in the level of analytical thinking among psychological counseling students according to the gender variable.
3. Identify the differences in the level of analytical thinking among psychological counseling students according to the stage variable (third – fourth).
To achieve this aim, the descriptive approach was adopted because it fits with the objectives of the research as the current research community consists of students of psychological counseling departments in three universities Al-Mustansiriya, Diyala and Basra) A sample of (300) students was chosen. The rate of (140) students and (160) students. To achieve the goals of the research, the researcher built the analytical thinking scale after following the scientific steps in building as well as verifying the honesty and consistency, and when processing data statistically, the results resulted in the following:
1. Psychological counseling students have a high level of analytical thinking.
2. There are statistically significant differences in the level of analytical thinking among students according to the gender variable (males and females) and in favor of males.
3. There are no differences in the level of analytical thinking among students according to the stage variable (third and fourth).
According to the results of the current research, some recommendations and proposals have evolved.

Analytical thinking is one of the mental processes through which the situation is dismantled into its parts and reorganized in a way that allows to see events in a new way through which the individual realizes the interconnection between cognitive structures. It can be said that mental aspects play an influential role in building the personality of the individual and among these aspects of thinking that represent the finest Aspects of the human personality.The research problem in measuring the analytical thinking of psychological counseling students was determined according to the following goals:
1. Identify the level of analytical thinking (multidimensional) for students of psychological counseling.
2. Identify the differences in the level of analytical thinking among psychological counseling students according to the gender variable.
3. Identify the differences in the level of analytical thinking among psychological counseling students according to the stage variable (third – fourth).
To achieve this aim, the descriptive approach was adopted because it fits with the objectives of the research as the current research community consists of students of psychological counseling departments in three universities Al-Mustansiriya, Diyala and Basra) A sample of (300) students was chosen. The rate of (140) students and (160) students. To achieve the goals of the research, the researcher built the analytical thinking scale after following the scientific steps in building as well as verifying the honesty and consistency, and when processing data statistically, the results resulted in the following:
1. Psychological counseling students have a high level of analytical thinking.
2. There are statistically significant differences in the level of analytical thinking among students according to the gender variable (males and females) and in favor of males.
3. There are no differences in the level of analytical thinking among students according to the stage variable (third and fourth).
According to the results of the current research, some recommendations and proposals have evolved.

Women have a distinct and fundamental role and a supreme and decisive position in the development of human societies. Attention to the issue of women has become one of the fundamental issues at the global level. The poor social organization within the family has a negative impact on all its members, so it was necessary to strengthen the family ties by developing the awareness of its members of their responsibilities, especially the wife, to preserve the family’s entity and protect it from disintegration. In order for marital life to achieve its goals, there must be an understanding, perception and knowledge of the meaning of marital and family life and the responsibilities expected to be assumed, and the basic functions and roles that each party plays in life. The perception of husbands and wives of their roles in family duties and responsibilities is the main entry point for solving many problems and difficulties faced by the family and on In contrast, in the event that the spouses are not aware of family responsibilities, their life may become an unbearable hell due to many conflicts and lack of consensus, and this may lead to the husband resorting to violence against her. The researcher has intentionally identified the level of awareness of abused wives through the current research according to the following goals: - Identification of the level of family responsibilities (multi-dimensional) among abused wives and assessing its statistical significance, and identifying the relationship of wives of exempted wives to family responsibilities with some variables such as the level of education (medium) And higher - medium or less), the material level is average or higher - average or less) and the number of years of marriage (10 years and above - less than 10 years), The researcher prepared a scale of awareness of family responsibilities for robbed wives, consisting of 47 items distributed into five areas, and after verifying the validity of the scale in accordance with honesty and consistency procedures, it was applied to a sample of battered wives of (200) women who were officially registered in the Center for Family and Child Protection In Basra Governorate for the year 2019, the results of the research indicated that the sample of battered wives has a medium level in family responsibilities (multidimensional), where the level of family responsibilities is close to the hypothetical level, except for the emotional and sexual responsibility dimension, which is less than the hypothetical level, which indicates a lack of awareness of rejected wives For emotional and sexual responsibilities. The results also indicated that there were no differences between the degrees of battered wives on the scale of awareness of family responsibilities (multidimensional) according to the level of education variable (medium or higher - medium or less) for all dimensions except for the self-responsibility dimension, where the calculated T value was greater than the tabular value, which indicates that There is a statistically significant difference in favor of the mean and higher, as for the material level, the results indicated that there are differences in the material level in favor of the average and higher in the two dimensions of self-responsibility and intellectual and economic responsibility, and the research results indicated that there were no differences in the perception of family responsibilities according to a number of years Marriage for all dimensions with the exception of the self-responsibility in favor of (10 years or more).
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The study aimed to get acquainted with the reality of graduate studies programs at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University from the viewpoint of faculty members, through a case study of the reality of the Higher Diploma program in e-learning in the College of Education using the SWOT environmental analysis to build the questionnaire, Which was applied to a sample of (16) members of the teaching staff in the Department of Teaching Technologies in the academic year 1441/40 AH. The results with regard to internal factors resulted in the approval of the sample members on the strengths of the program, the most prominent of which was the availability of national competencies of faculty members with High scientific experience, As for the weaknesses of the program, the results indicated that the members of the sample took the side of neutrality towards it, the most prominent of which was that the conditions for accepting the program in general do not serve its quality, but with regard to external factors, the results showed that the members of the sample have agreed that there are opportunities available for the program, the most prominent of which is the possibility of holding Partnerships with the educational and training sectors benefiting from its outputs, They also agreed on the existence of challenges facing the program, the most prominent of which is to benefit from the feedback of the labor market in developing and improving its outputs, and one of the most prominent recommendations of the study was to benefit from its results in exploring the future of the e-learning diploma program at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, It also recommended spreading scientific and technical awareness about employing SWOT tools in evaluating higher education programs.

The research aims to identify the effectiveness of a strategy IER in life skills and chemical enlightenment among the fourth science students in the subject of chemistry. The research community was determined from the secondary schools of the Baghdad-Rusafa Education Directorate -3 for the academic year 2018 – 2019 with first study courseThe research sample was intentionally chosen from the fourth-grade scientific students in the Al-Waritheen secondary school . The number of students in the sample after excluding those who failed , reached (52) students to be (26) students . The two groups were equivalent in some variants. As for the research tools, the researcher prepared a life skills scale consisting of (65) items divided into skills, and a scale of chemical enlightenment consisting of (50) items distributed in three domains The validity and reliability of the two measurements were verified, and after the end of the experiment, the statistical data were processed. The results of the research showed that adopting a strategy of (IRE) has positive effectiveness in life skills and chemical development in chemistry . Accordingly, the researcher put forward a number of proposals and recommendations related to the results of the research .

The aim of the research was to develop the teaching practices that support Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), through identifying a list of these teaching practices, then to assess the reality of its practices in teaching from the viewpoint of teachers in natural sciences at the secondary school. Also, to know the impact of variables related to years of service, qualification, scientific specialization, and gender on teaching practices supporting ESD. The study sample consisted of 300 male and female teachers from the fields of scientific majors, namely: physics, chemistry, biology, and geology. The descriptive method was used, and a survey questionnaire include (31) teaching practices distributed in three axes: identification, evaluation, and work. Findings concluded that, in general, natural science teachers practiced teaching that is supportive of ESD scored average in all axes, (4.08) for identification, followed by evaluation at (3.97) and (3.89) for work. Results also found that there was a statistically significant difference at (0.01 level) between the responses of the research sample, due to the variables of sex, scientific specialization, years of service and qualification. Considering these results, the researcher provided procedures to develop the practices of the natural sciences teachers to achieve the goals of ESD.

The current research aims to identify the effect of the discipleship cognitive strategy on inferential thinking among fourth literary students in geography and to achieve the research goal the researcher formulated the following hypothesis:
1) There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0,05) between the average scores of students of the experimental group who are studying geography with cognitive apprenticeship strategy and the average scores of students of the control group who study the same subject in the traditional way in the test of dimensional inferential thinking.
The researcher chose an experimental design with partial control with two experimental and control groups and the two research groups were rewarded with a number of variables and the General Directorate of Education for Baghdad / Karkh III was chosen intentionally to apply the research and the researcher chose Iraq prep for boys to conduct the experiment, a division (a) an experimental group was chosen for its students With the cognitive apprenticeship strategy and the number of its students is (32) students, while Division B has become a control group and its students study the same subject in the traditional way and they number (32), thus the number of sample students reached (64) students after excluding the students who failed and the subject covered the topics included in the chapters The first three of a book geographical basis and techniques to be taught for the academic year 2018-2019.
For the purpose of measuring inferential thinking, the researcher prepared a test consisting of 30 paragraphs of multiple choice,

This study aimed at identifying the Professional Development from the perspective of the Computer teachers' points of view and the obstacles they faced during the period 1437 - 1439. The researcher used the descriptive method in her study. The study population consisted of all full-time teachers at the academic year 1441/1440, while the study sample, who answered the questioner, consisted of (164) individuals. The researcher used questionnaire as a tool to achieve the objectives of the study. The questioner consisted of three aspects; activities that focused on Professional Development, sources or originators of the Professional Development in computer science and obstacles and difficulties they faced in Professional Development. The results showed that the performance levels of computer teachers were average; the highest implementation was the implementation of Professional Development activity took place most among participants as supervisor advising , however the least three implemented activities of Professional Development were ;computer teachers training on the field, Participate in supervising field training and cooperation with other groups or individuals to conduct research in computer

Research objectives:
The study aimed to the extent the availability of the main and subsidiary teaching capabilities needed for female home economics teachers at the University of Baghdad / College of Education for Girls from the teachers ’viewpoint?
Research community and its sample: The current research community consisted of the home economics teachers at the University of Baghdad / College of Education for Girls for the academic year 2018-2019, whose number is (45) schools. Home economy.
Research Tool: Questionnaire:
The researcher identified the areas of teaching competencies necessary for home economics. The paragraphs of the questionnaire were finalized and consisted of (40) items corresponding to a five-point scale consisting of alternatives (always, often, sometimes, rarely, not at all), which is appropriate for the level of the educational sample and after presenting it to experts and specialists. To achieve validity and reliability, the researcher used many statistical methods, including the weighted mean and the Pearson correlation coefficient for data processing.
To determine the degree of availability of teaching competencies among home economics teachers, the researcher analyzed the results for each of the sub-teaching competencies as seen by the teachers in light of each of the five areas, and to separate the available sub-competencies from the unavailable, a score of (60%) or more was adopted as a percentage weight. For available paragraphs, without this paragraphs are considered unavailable.
Conclusions: Among the most important findings of the researcher:

The research investigates to develop the aesthetic appreciation of fifth-grade literary students in the subject of literature and texts.
In order to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher adopted the experimental method and a null hypothesis was developed that was subjected to experimentation, and the research sample consisted of fifth-grade literary students in two prep schools for boys intentionally chosen from schools in the Diyala Governorate Center for the first semester of 2019-2020, as it consisted of (76) students They are divided into two groups, the first is an experimental study according to a proposed educational model based on the theory of cognitive upgrading, and the other is a control that was studied according to the traditional method. The equivalence process for the two research groups was conducted with a number of variables. The researcher sought the task of teaching Arabic language teachers in the two schools in which the research was conducted, as achieving the research goal required building a test to measure aesthetic appetite consisting of (20) items distributed into (4) dimensions: (Attention to the element And sense of it, emotional inclination, perception of details, belief in the value of the text), and its truthfulness, consistency, and the strength of distinguishing its paragraphs have been confirmed. The researcher applied the experiment on (10/4/2019), as the experiment continued until (10/1/2020), then applied the test

The current research aims at "the importance of linguistic enrichment and its role in the learning process."
The first chapter deals with the research problem, its importance, the aim of the research, and the limits of the research.

The aim of the current research is to identify the effect of using the virtual laboratory in science operations among students of the fifth grade scientific / applied in the subject of chemistry.The research sample consisted of (88) students, intentionally chosen from students of the fifth grade of scientific / applied in Al-Azizia Prep for Boys, and their division Into two groups; The first is experimental and consisted of (44) students and taught using the virtual laboratory, and the second was control and consisted of (44) students and taught in the traditional way. The science processes test and achievement test were prepared in the fifth grade of science. The results of the research resulted in the existence of statistically significant differences between the average scores of the group students. The experimental group and the scores of the control group students in the science operations test for the benefit of the experimental group, and several recommendations and proposals were recommended

This paper dealt with the role of the teacher of Arts in the development of performance skills for students of the College of Basic Education in Arabic calligraphy. This paper aimed at identifying the role of the teacher of Arts in the development of performance skills for students of the College of Basic Education in Arabic calligraphy. To achieve the aim of the paper, the researcher settled a set of hypotheses and adopted the experimental research method of control and test groups. The research was implemented to a sample of (60) students who were randomly selected. Furthermore, after compiling the information and processing them statistically via the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, T-test and Alpha-Cronbach coefficient, the researcher demonstrated the following conclusion:
There is a statistical significance ascertaining that there is an improvement in the performance of students in Ruq'ah script. Consequently, the researcher came up with a number of recommendations and suggestions.

The idea of the research was established in the mind of the researcher through conducting an exploratory study aimed at identifying the skills of students of the Fine Arts Department / Institute of Fine Arts - Diyala in implementing the requirements of the material elements of artistic work established in the first stage, as a group of weaknesses that may be Its basis is the level of visual thinking that these students enjoy. So justifications have been put in place for the current research problem: The subject of elements of artistic work from the applied technical materials (theoretical - practical) requires the learner to possess technical skills that qualify him to accomplish various artistic works.
The current pure aim is to identify the effectiveness of the visual thinking system in developing the skills of implementing the elements of artistic work.
Since the current research dealt with the subject of the elements of artistic work established in the departments of plastic arts, design, calligraphy, decoration and theater / Institutes of Fine Arts (for boys and girls) of the Directorate General of Diyala Education, therefore, (the researcher) adopted the research community of first-grade students who study the subject for the 2018 academic year / 2019, and their number (240) male and

The current research aims to define “The Impact of Self-Questioning and Negotiation Strategies in the Development of Critical Thinking among Fifth Literary Grade Students in the Material of History”.
To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher put the following zero hypotheses:
1. There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average grades of first experimental group students studying history using the self-questioning strategy and the average grades of the second experimental group who study the same subject using the negotiation strategy in the development of critical thinking.
2. There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average grades of first-group students studying history using the self-questioning strategy and the average score of the students of the control group who study the same subject in the traditional way of developing critical thinking.
3. There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average grades of second experimental group students studying history using the negotiation strategy and the average score of the control group students who study the same subject in the traditional way of developing critical thinking.
The researcher was limited to students in the fifth literary grade in the Preparatory and Secondary Morning Schools for boys in center of Baqubah City at Governorate of Diyala. The researcher equaled in the variables (pre-test of critical thinking, chronical age, and previous achievement in the subject of history). The researcher reached to the superiority of the first experimental group that used the self-questioning strategy on the second experimental group that used the negotiation strategy as well as the superiority of the two experimental groups over the control group that used the traditional method in teaching and through the result the researcher reached the following conclusions:
1. The use of the self-questioning strategy encouraged students to freely ask questions and ideas and their positive participation during the lesson.
2. The of self-questioning strategy has contributed to enhancing students' self-confidence and motivating them to learn.
3. The negotiation strategy motivated students to use all their abilities and mental abilities through discussion, ideas and giving evidence, which has grown in them critical thinking skills.
Through the results the researcher recommends the following:
1. Giving students the greatest role in discussion, analysis, search for questions and developing ideas and solutions.
2. Training teachers to use modern teaching strategies, particularly self-questioning strategies.
3. Conducting Training courses to teach teachers and students on negotiating methods and their importance in the educational process, especially in the teaching of history.
To complete the current study, the researcher suggests:
1. Conducting a study similar to the current study in other stages of study.
2. Conducting a similar study to the current study following the of self-questioning strategy in another subjects

The aim of this paper to identify the effect of the Zahorek model on the physics achievement of the fifth grade students and their complex thinking. To achieve this, the researcher chose Fatima Al Zahra Girls' Girls. The sample of the study was 60 students with 30 students for the experimental group and 30 students for the group. The researcher formulated 160 behavioral goals within the levels of memory, understanding, application, analysis, composition, and evaluation according to the Bloom classification of the field of knowledge. The researcher prepared a collection test consisting of (40) Multimeter, and the thinking scale is a component of (16), and the properties were confirmed And after the statistical processing of the data, it was found that teaching according to the Zahorek model led to raising the level of achievement and improving the hyper-thinking among the students of the experimental group.

This research aims to identify "The Effect of the Principles Implementing Strategy in the Achievement and Thinking of Third Grade Intermediate Female Students in Physics Material". To achieve the objective of the research, the researcher put the two following null hypotheses:
1. There is no significant statistical difference at level (0.05) in the achievement of the female students studying according the principles implementing strategy and those studied without the strategy.
2. There is no significant statistical difference at level (0.05) in the scientific thinking of the female students studying according the principles implementing strategy and those studied without the strategy
The research was limited only to third grade female intermediate students at Al-Zummar Secondary School for Girls in Baqubah district related to Directorate of Education 7 Diyala, for the first academic semester (201-2019) and with the first five chapters from the book of Physics for third grade.
The research sample was (80 students) divided into (37 students) for the experimental group and (43 students) for the control group. The two groups were equaled in the previous achievement in both subject's physics and mathematics beside the variable of intelligence.
The research tools used were an achievement test in Physics put by the researcher and scientific thinking scale adopted by the researcher.
The researcher reached the following:
1. The experimental group studying according to the principle
implementing strategy were superior on the control group in the achievement test.
2. The experimental group studying according to the principle
implementing strategy were superior on the control group in the test of the scientific thinking.
The researcher also presented a number of suggestions and recommendations at the end of the research.

The research aims to identify organizational citizenship and its relationship to administrative empowerment among middle school principals. The research sample was chosen by random stratification method from middle schools of the General Directorate of Education in Baghdad / Rusafa III for the academic year 2020/2021 AD. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher adopted the organizational citizenship scale prepared by (Ghulam, 2016) As for the other tool, the researcher built the administrative empowerment scale. The validity and consistency of both scales were extracted. Then the data were statistically treated using appropriate statistical means. The results showed that middle school principals have organizational citizenship and a medium level of administrative empowerment and the existence of a strong relationship between them. In light of this the researcher recommended a set of recommendations, including The necessity of establishing a local conference that includes in its axes the organizational citizenship procedures and means of administrative empowerment of middle school principals and giving importance to a group of proposals, the most important of which is to conduct a study on the seriousness of work and its relationship to organizational citizenship for primary school teachers