The islamic college university journal

Abstract:-
This study investigates Sudanese EFL students’ realization and performance of the speech act of suggestion through comparing the strategies and linguistic structures used by Sudanese EFL students and native speakers of English. It considers the effect of a number of factors, such as interlocutors’ social status and social distance, gender and proficiency level on the choice of strategies. The data are collected through the Discourse Complement Test (DCT) which consists of 6 hypothetical situations. Ninety four under-graduates EFL students as the first group, thirty two graduate students as the second group (i.e. the advanced learner group), and twenty English native speakers as the reference group have been chosen to be the subjects of this study.
The data analysis reveals significant differences between the performance of Sudanese EFL students and English native speakers. It is found that in giving suggestions, Sudanese graduate and under-graduate EFL students have adopted more direct strategies than English native speakers, while the conventionally indirect strategies have been preferred by the later group.

Abstract:-
Death, the oldest human fear, is one of the most frequent and meaningful themes in epic texts which is tied to the lives of the heroes from the beginning of the stories. Myths and epics of all nations were looking for a way to escape the clutches of death and discover its mystery and man's immortality is the result of his fear of destruction. When death evokes a sense of destruction and annihilation, on the other hand, man turns to fantasizing and finding a way to survive and immortality. The creation of heroes such as Esfandiar and Achille is an example of the efforts of predecessors to achieve immortality and escape from death. Although man, with all his efforts, could never solves this problem.
Achille's heel and Esfandiar's eye are a common embodiment of human weakness in the face of death, as their invulnerability is a common embodiment of the desire to be invulnerable to nature.In addition to the main common denominator, the two heroes have similarities in mother, father, invulnerability, manner of death, cause of death, and behavioral characteristics.
The aim of this study is to identify the common roots of these invulnerable heroes and examines the points of commonalities and differences between them up to the points of unity and differences of human thoughts about death and the special attitude of the two great epic works of Shahnameh and Homer's Iliad should be analyzed.

Abstract:-
Currency and stock price indexes are two basic concepts in the financial domain. These two concepts play a key role in global business. Identifying relationship between the two allows the investors to minimize their investment risks. Stock Exchange as one of the main pillars of the capital market while equipping and dropping stagnant savings in the country and pushing them towards production is able to accelerate the movement towards economic growth and development. Also, the exchange rate is one of the factors affecting the stock index and its values always fluctuating in different ranges. Given the differences in investment infrastructure and economic conditions of the countries, the effect of the exchange rate and its fluctuations on the stock price index in different countries may be different. As the exchange rate fluctuates, many sectors of the economy will be affected. One of these sectors is the capital market which its importance is in attracting private savings, investment, and economic growth. In this study, the effect of exchange rate changes on the number of initial supply in different industries during 2002-2016 is analyzed. The data collected for the sample member firms were analyzed by Eviews software using mathematical models. The results show that in all the industries studied, the exchange rate is directly related to the number of initial supply in the same industry. However, this is not true with the investment fund industry, the investment industry, the insurance industry, and the pension fund.

Abstract:-
Usually, a part of the capital required by countries is provided by foreign investors and the policy of attracting them is applied by all governments in the world. A foreign investor uses the host country’s banking system, and if the volume of foreign capital in Iranian banks is large, it gives them the power to damage the country’s economy by withdrawing their capital if necessary. In this study, jurisprudential rules such as the rule of Non-Domination over Muslims, Harm Principle, Concession, Gharar Disavow (an aleatory commutative contract or contract of sale, that is one in which buyer doest not know exactly what he is to receive and is therefore at risk) , and Fraud Disavow and it was concluded that according to such principles and rules, the enemy should be dealt with at every turn. Although attracting foreign capital is the policy of any government, in policy-making as well as legislation, it should be borne in mind that large foreign capital in the country’s banks, enables foreign governments to suddenly withdraw their capital so as to damage the economy of the country concerned. Of course, it is up to the authorities to determine minor policies in this regard.

Abstract:-
The present article examines the concept of power and globalization in discourse theories. Globalization is a term that has been used since the mid-1980s and means the collapse of borders and transcending them at global level in economic, cultural, political and social dimensions.... the process of which is the transformation of local structures into global structures. The process of globalization, its dimensions and scope are so wide and extensive that it has affected all aspects of human life. Consequently, in the light of the development of the electronic communications revolution over the past few decades, the concept of distance and space has become unimaginably disrupted. Therefore, globalization is not a new situation but a new discourse. Globalization represents a new information-driven society that has led to a structural transformation in power relations. With the spread of discourse analysis, extensive developments in concepts such as power and politics emerged in the context of discourse approaches, and the concept of power also found a wider scope in the discourse perspective. Prior to this, however, the concept of power was a political concept and its origin was limited to political relations. Discourse analysis and access to post-text is based on a series of assumptions; the most important of which are: 1. Different people look at text or speech in different ways; 2. Discourse has many levels and dimensions; 3. The text should be viewed as a meaningful whole and this meaning is not necessarily in itself; 4. Each text is related to a source of power or authority (not necessarily political); 5. No text is neutral and the texts have a value and ideological burden; 6. Meaning, as much as it arises from the text, is also affected by the social and cultural context or background.
The important goals of discourse analysis are as follows: 1. Demonstrating meaning instability 2. Clarifying the deep and complex structure of text production, that is, the flow of discourse production; 3. Explaining the conditions for producing discourse.

Abstract:-
Anti-arrogance and denial of foreign domination are among the principles of Islamic foreign policy that Islamic states should put this principle at the forefront of their foreign policy. Anti-arrogance policy, with the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran due to its importance and necessity in Islamic thought, was emphasized as one of the important principles of foreign policy in the Iranian constitution and the basis of the Iranian government's behavior with other governments in foreign relations. The manifestation of the principle of anti-arrogance in the Iranian constitution and foreign policy is rooted in the religious views of Imam Khomeini. According to Imam Khomeini, in the discourse of pure Muhammadan Islam (PBUH), anti-arrogance has a Qur’anic basis. Imam Khomeini considers the struggles of Prophet Moses (PBUH) with Pharaoh, Prophet Ibrahim (PBUH) with Nimrod and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) with the powerful of Hejaz as a type of struggle against arrogance and aristocracy. According to Imam Khomeini, the domination of the arrogant over the oppressed is rooted in the arrogance of the arrogant, the self-destruction of the dependent oppressed and the authoritarian rulers. Hence, the confrontation of the arrogant current with the oppressed is a permanent confrontation, and Islamic governments must put a "protectionist strategy" on the oppressed of the world in order to free them from the domination of the arrogant.

Abstract:-
"Shahid" is one of the moral concepts of the Islamic worldview that in the historical course of this term, different and sometimes conflicting interpretations are presented. The terms "Shahid" and "Shahid" in Arabic words and poetry mean the knowledgeable and witness, which is often used in the Qur'an and hadith. In jurisprudential sources, "Shahid" is used to refer to transactions and contracts witness; however, "Shahid" only refers to those who have died on the battlefield. The latter use has become so popular among Muslims that its conception has led to a narrow interpretation of some verses and hadiths. Using a Qualitative method by content analysis, the present article examines the historical course and evolution of the meaning of Shahid in terms of terminology, commentary, hadith, and jurisprudence and tries to present the concept of Shahid in different areas by the separation of concepts in different fields to provide an accurate interpretation of the contexts.

Abstract:-
In current the study, the causative link among gross domestic product (GDP) annual growth rate (GDPr), corruption perceptions index (CPI), foreign direct investments (FDI) and ease of doing business index (DB) was empirically tested from 2000 to 2019 by using a panel data of D-8 Group comprise of 8 country include Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Turkey. The PMG panel ARDL, heterogeneity, and cross-sectional dependence, used to investigate the long and short-term dynamic relationships. Findings from the Pesaran-Yamagata homogeneity test, Pesaran CD test, CIPS and ADF Fisher Chi-square (ADF Fisher) panel unit root tests and Kao panel cointegration test, indicated the panel time series data has heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence, analyzed variables are stationary and cointegrated respectively. According to the panel ARDL estimation, the error-correction model coefficient (ECM) negative and statistically significant for all examined countries. The value coefficient of error term, indicate that the most of deviation of long-term equilibrium, corrected in the first year. The panel causality analysis results confirm, the bidirectional causality between GDPr and FDI; GDPr and DB; CPI and DB. In addition, the unilateral causality relationship found between CPI and GDPr, DB and FDI.

Abstract:-
Classification is one of the most original and important methods in historiography of different fields of literature which indicates an important , scientific and native method in the Islamic culture and literature. This method has been used by the previous narrators who can be regarded as the creators of such helpful and scientific method. Then this method penetrated in literature and could leave a valuable literary legacy when dealing with critical topics. Accurate understanding of the origin , derivations and the way of the forming of this method are the most important research topics about on clarification which have been considered by reaschers. This research , by studying ann scientific surveying of the origin of these classes , tries to present a new accurate reading of the origin of the literary classes it also tries to state from what origin or origins the books such as ' Classes ' (written by Ibne Salam) and other classes are originated? And what is their forground? The findings of this research show that these classes emerged from the manner and wars of the prophet (peace be upon him) and then were written in the forms of Hadis and gradually developed into literary classes. The method applied in this research is of descriptive and analytic one and it uses valid historical books ,too.

Abstract:-
The written and printed fictional heritage in a culture constitutes the most important repository of knowledge. Historical research shares an interest in collecting narrative testimonies and examining written texts, which are two important pivots in historical studies.
Therefore, the interest in fictional characters, in both history and the science of men, since the early centuries of the Islamic civilization took a remarkable interest in it, in which large encyclopedias were written that are still of interest to historians who considered it a basis for understanding the textual content at its various stages; But discussions often reveal a mutual lack of understanding between historians and male scholars. In many of the issues that place the narrator in one side or the other according to the contexts followed by the two sides according to the criteria they apply in his research work, despite the fact that many historians have studied men professionally, which put them in constant contact with the characters who codified the vocabulary of history.

Absstract:-
Abdel Qaher is one of the giant and genius figures in Arabic language and literature, especially Arabic rhetoric. It has important literal linguistic compilations that have affected the Arabic language and its development, as well as contributed to the formation of the Arabic language. Later rhetoricians and grammarians imitated him in several of his creative grammatical and rhetorical characteristics. This brilliant literary star was born in the Iranian region of Gorgan, brought up according to the frameworks of Islamic culture, and specialized in Arabic language, literature and its various branches. He had a great influence on Arabic rhetoric through his two important books, “Asrar al-Balaghah” and “Evidence of Miracles”. The author presented several new and good views and perspectives on the Arabic rhetoric in these two books and sought to judge, develop, and define the Arabic language as a complete global language. Especially in his linguistic and rhetorical works, he presented his famous theory called systems theory, which became famous in the world and benefited scholars and linguists in the modern century. This study intends to study Abd al-Qaher al-Jarjani, his life and its effects from a new angle, which is his impact on the development of the Arabic language and Arabic grammar. The result was concluded that Abd al-Qaher al-Jarjani has a great contribution to the Arabic language and also rhetoric from two sides, the first of which is that he is considered an ingenious literary creator in Arabic rhetoric, as he founded and arranged it according to his important achievements, and the second that he had a great impact on its progress, as he presented important rhetorical achievements even though he was From the first book in this process, he created literary linguistic effects with many innovations and influence in the Arabic language. It should be noted that the method used in this study is the descriptive-analytical method

Abstract:-
Artistic imagination in the satirical poem by Ibn Rumi depending on comparison and metaphor. Ibn Rumi is the strongest satirist in Arabic literature. His capability on satire makes him rare at satire. He presented some unique meanings with his attractive and pleasant words that did not occur to others. The usage of imagination in satires of Ibn Rumi has its extent and beauty. This study focused on comparison and metaphor. In the main text, the material satires such as satire of long beard, big ear, face, bad voice, singer, rose are studied. This research has a descriptive and analytic method. Based on literary criticism some different manifestations of imagination are studied.

Absstract:-
Abdel Qaher is one of the giant and genius figures in Arabic language and literature, especially Arabic rhetoric. It has important literal linguistic compilations that have affected the Arabic language and its development, as well as contributed to the formation of the Arabic language. Later rhetoricians and grammarians imitated him in several of his creative grammatical and rhetorical characteristics. This brilliant literary star was born in the Iranian region of Gorgan, brought up according to the frameworks of Islamic culture, and specialized in Arabic language, literature and its various branches. He had a great influence on Arabic rhetoric through his two important books, “Asrar al-Balaghah” and “Evidence of Miracles”. The author presented several new and good views and perspectives on the Arabic rhetoric in these two books and sought to judge, develop, and define the Arabic language as a complete global language. Especially in his linguistic and rhetorical works, he presented his famous theory called systems theory, which became famous in the world and benefited scholars and linguists in the modern century. This study intends to study Abd al-Qaher al-Jarjani, his life and its effects from a new angle, which is his impact on the development of the Arabic language and Arabic grammar. The result was concluded that Abd al-Qaher al-Jarjani has a great contribution to the Arabic language and also rhetoric from two sides, the first of which is that he is considered an ingenious literary creator in Arabic rhetoric, as he founded and arranged it according to his important achievements, and the second that he had a great impact on its progress, as he presented important rhetorical achievements even though he was From the first book in this process, he created literary linguistic effects with many innovations and influence in the Arabic language. It should be noted that the method used in this study is the descriptive-analytical method

Abstract:-
Artistic imagination in the satirical poem by Ibn Rumi depending on comparison and metaphor. Ibn Rumi is the strongest satirist in Arabic literature. His capability on satire makes him rare at satire. He presented some unique meanings with his attractive and pleasant words that did not occur to others. The usage of imagination in satires of Ibn Rumi has its extent and beauty. This study focused on comparison and metaphor. In the main text, the material satires such as satire of long beard, big ear, face, bad voice, singer, rose are studied. This research has a descriptive and analytic method. Based on literary criticism some different manifestations of imagination are studied.

Abstract:-
Since poetry is the mirror of the total inner spirit and inner mood of the poet, using high capacity of colors plays a substantial role in indicating the poets’ experiences as well as their inner thoughts. Because they depict the meanings and concepts which poet always encounters in experience of his poetry or cultivates in his thought. Although valuable research has been conducted so far in the field of color signification, in the field of thoughts and ideas of the blind Arab philosopher; Abol Ala Moari has not received much attention, however there is a large field for research and study for the researchers. Therefore, it makes the proposed research to focus on the meaning of colors and its concept in the poetry of Abol Ala Moari, the great and blind poet of the Abbasid era, and seeks to find the main origin of the true color and its meanings in his poetry as well as to examine the role of the poet's memory and his other senses except blindness-in his poetic approach to the colors, and the meaning and the frequency of which color prevails over another in his poetry.

Abstract:-
The current research examines the interactive role of integrity between commitment, organization, and performance of distinguished employees working in Marjan Medical City / Babylon. The image shows the current location, geographical location, location, geographical location, in the location, in a prominent location, in Marjan Medical City in Babil Governorate / Iraq. Searching for an opportunity to watch live watching the environmental view of Marjan Medical City and sampling the doctors working in Marjan Medical City, performing randomly, in one, Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi In Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi (131) questionnaires, from which (131) response forms were retrieved (87.33%)), the validity of statistical analysis reached (120) cases (80%) of the total number of questionnaires. The statistical program (SPSS v.23) and the program (AMOS v.24). The mediating role of integrity between organizational commitment and outstanding performance.

Abstract:-
This issue is considered one of the important issues in the history of Arab criticism, and it has been known since the pre-Islamic era. Tarfa Bin Al-Abed. The recognition of ignorance of theft confirms to us the story of the poets in their thefts, and the critics in their hadith about the thefts of the poets on the guise of the theft of ignorance, because it is the prisoner who was built behind him.
The research dealt with the advanced stage of Arabic literature in the pre-Islamic era, represented by the aspects that characterized Arab poetry in later eras, as well as its treatment of pre-Islamic poetry in general in terms of the presence of influences surrounding the issue of thefts.
The study period began since the era of early Islam and the critical references in it came from the Prophet Muhammad, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him and his family, and the signs that dictated the influence of pre-Islamic poetry with its artistry, which was established by the first-stage influential poets, as well as the opinions of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, as well as the opinions of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, as well as the opinions of the Righteous Caliphs. The Arab literature with literary and critical works on which the study relied heavily on the end of the Abbasid era.

Abstract: -
The Iraqi poet Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab is one of the most important poets who formed the experience of modern Arabic poetry and one of the first creators to practice modernization and experimentation in the modern Arabic poem.
This article aims to reveal the poetry of Badr Shaker Al-Sayyab in the poem “Jikor and Medina” in the various themes. The indications of myths and symbols in the poem, the scene of the city day and night, the scene of the poet’s surrender and his inability to tune the city.
A poem based on the Jikor and city dualism: life and death; liberation and subjugation, emission and clay. The poet was inspired by Greek and Babylonian myths and religious symbols in his poetry.

Abstract:
In the contemporary world, there is a lot of emphasis on rationalism, but due to the limitations that limit human intellect, the process of cognition depends on other things as well. This issue can be seen in the works of various Muslim and non-Muslim thinkers. The intellectual limitations of man must be supplemented by other things in order to acquire the proper knowledge to attain true happiness. This article deals with the views of Ibn Arabi and Rumi on the way to compensate for the limitations of human intellect by descriptive-analytical method and citing library sources.
The findings of this article are the emphasis of each of these two thinkers on the limitations of reason and the impasses that lie ahead, and the need to pay attention to the teachings of the true and most complete religions. Ibn Arabi and Rumi jointly paid attention to the issue with different methods that by choosing a guide that was explained in monotheistic religions, man can overcome the limitations of reason and walk on the path of transcendence.

Abstract:-
The Noble Qur’an is worthy of attention and interpretation, contemplation and delving into its noble verses, and its correct and correct understanding of it, and this only comes with an understanding of these rhetorical connotations that lie beyond the Qur’anic style, and which help in understanding the Noble Qur’an and its noble verses. Stylistics is a science that studies language within the discourse system. And it tries to focus on the linguistic surface of the literary text, so it tries to capture the stylistic features in it, including the choices that the writer can choose without others, and to identify the phenomena in it resulting from the generation of specific linguistic manifestations, with the greatest possible accuracy and embodiment. Rhetorical criticism is concerned with analyzing the artificial symbolic tools that humans use in communicating. This includes words, phrases, pictures, gestures, reviews, texts, films and other tools that a person uses in communicating with other people. Rhetorical analysis shows us how these tools are used, and how effective they are in communicating with the audience, informing them of news, directing them, entertaining them, provoking them, or convincing them of something. Thus, the speech promotes the ethics of both the reader, the spectator, and the listener.
Surat An-Nisa is one of the long civil surahs, and it is a surah full of legislative provisions that regulate the internal and external affairs of Muslims. Women and for this reason it was called "Surat An-Nisa." Our approach in this research is the descriptive and analytical one that aims to describe the content of a verse of Surah An-Nisa and then analyze it, uncover the rhetorical connotations that lie beyond the Qur’anic style, and provide the models and adequate healing examples to highlight this idea.

Abstract:-
For a long time, the Holy Prophet of Islam, as well as the Ahl al-Bayt (as) and the elders of the religion and Shiite scholars, have been answering the questions raised by their friends and even their seriousness in answering the doctrinal and jurisprudential doubts raised by dissidents and enemies. The deviation of adolescents and young people has been commendable.
This is the biography of the Holy Prophet, peace and blessings of God be upon him, and the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him, and they were present in the mosque on a daily basis before or after prayers and answered questions and doubts.
Books have also been written in this field, one of the oldest books being ((Ali ibn Ja'far's problems(( in which Ali ibn Ja'far asked his brother Imam Musa Kazem (as) his questions and collected the Imam's answers or the book Another ((protest(( is Abu Mansour Tabarsi, one of the scholars of the sixth century, who has collected questions, answers, and debates of the Holy Prophet and the Ahl al-Bayt (as) on matters of faith. Allama Mohammad Baqir Majlisi, one of the scholars of the 11th century, in the noble book ((Baharalanvar((, volumes 9 and 10, has dealt with questions and answers and doctrinal debates in the Holy Quran and the biography of the Holy Prophet and the Ahl al-Bayt (as). In short, answering doctrinal questions has two main pillars: one is the content of the answer, which must be accurate and taken from Quranic and narrative sources and in accordance with common sense, and the other is the method of conveying the answer to the audience, especially adolescents and young people, which is particularly sensitive.
As Imam Ali (pbuh) said: The heart of a teenager is like the earth ready to accept any seed that is sown in it.
In this article, we intend to answer 5 questions and theological doubts of Shiite teenagers by observing these two points.

Abstract:
Abstract: The research aims to know the effect of a linear strategy on the achievement of educational psychology among university students. The researcher chose the Islamic University / College of Education / Department of English Language, the first stage, as a field for current research. The research sample was (67) for the first stage students, and by (34) for the experimental group whose students will study the subject of educational psychology according to the linear strategy, and (33) for the control group whose students will study the same subject in the usual way. After correcting the answers and processing the data statistically, the results showed: Its effectiveness in increasing first-stage students ’achievement in the subject of educational psychology.

Abstract:-
Subject of the research (African regional integration) acquires great importance, due to the complexity and many factors affecting it, as well as the multiplicity of its variables. This topic has been handled in a forward-looking manner, by defining the most pillars and policies that should work accordingly, for the purpose of achieving integration on the African continent, these requirements will be comprehensive for all levels, whether political, security, institutional, economic or social, but the process of African integration remains facing many challenges, and on this basis these obstacles were identified and their details, causes and effects on that process were identified, as those obstacles were the phenomenon of political and security instability In parts of the African continent, and the weak commitment of African countries to the integration process, due to their adherence to their sovereignty, the epitaxial impress of the integration process, the correspond and consensus base, and the multiplicity of regional organizations on the continent, which is what lead to disperses African countries among these organizations, as well as the impact of that on integration efforts Negatively, at the same time, there are several economic problems facing the integration process in Africa. Therefore, the most prominent results that were reached are: (The process of African regional integration cannot be achieved at all levels - political, security and economic - unless obstacles to that process are identified, and then this process should be supported by African countries, by giving the necessary role to integration institutions to implement With its assigned tasks according to the set goals.

Abstract:-
Imamate and Caliphate is one of the most important and at the same time the most controversial beliefs between Shiites and Sunnis. Allameh Helli, among the Imamiyya scholars as the greatest theologian of his time, made every effort to compile various aspects of the discussion of Imamate in the book Minhajat al-Karama and was able to provide a complete analysis of this discussion. One of his large volumes of critique of this book in particular and the views of all Imami theologians in general, he tried to confront the issue of Imamate in the Minhaj al-Karama from various aspects. Now, considering the breadth of the subject, in this article, only the different angles of denying the "principle of Imamate", which is one of Ibn Taymiyyah's objections to the book Minhaj al-Karama, are examined and analyzed based on the correct principles of Shiite and Sunni theology Therefore, the findings of the present study are presented in two parts, including: a- Ibn Tamimah's problems and B- Response to Ibn Tamimah's problems.

Abstract:-
Geographical phenomena often have a central place in scientific theories based on the facts gained by accuracy and acceptability, and our study examines one of the tributaries of the science of The Martyr Mohammed Baqir al-Sadr, which he employed in his book Values ("Our Economy") was part of The theories he put forward or supported, along with other sciences, gained his theories of scientific acceptability and applicability, to represent the Islamic proposition of the problem of economic trend and its scientifically mandated social, political and intellectual implications, and a road map for achieving and applying Islamic thought and law. In economic life, to preserve the Islamic identity and also to preserve Muslims from being lost in the maze of communist and capitalist economic thought and its competition according to a logical scientific philosophy. Alsead AlShaheed's theories and vision were presented in economic transactions and his philosophy in them, and the place of natural and human geographical characteristics in their temporal and spatial dimensions. This is what the study has shown in its hypothesis that geographical realities have an important place in Alsead AlShaheed's thinking and economic philosophy.

Abstract:-
Introduction: Zuhd is one of the important elements of Islam in general and of Islamic Sufism in particular. Dealing with it, most of the classic sources contain many stories and sayings quoted from the saints, prophets and the scholars. Associated with non Arabic and non-Islamic elements, such a plenty of sayings distorted the true meaning of the concept. And so many of scholars and Orientalists in particular argued that what the sufi sheikhs do is the same as the non-Muslims and the Christian monks did in the antiquity. Kutub al-Zuhd are to be thought of the most important sources to reach a precise definition of Zuhd. In order to achieve a clear definition of zuhd as the basis for Sufism and Islamic Mysticism, the author attempted to examine one of the most classical sources, namely, Kitab al-Zuhd ibn Mobarak(d. 181). This is a descriptive-analytical study. Data is collected documentarily and then is analyzed. According to what the author has found, Zuhd refers to the morality. And it can be said that ascetic life style is a kind of detachment to the world materials and possessions, in other words, a Zahid is one who mentally, behaviorally as well as characteristically detached to the world and what belongs to it. Rather than avoiding the world, Zuhd is meant to the independence of it. Mostly it refers to the behavior which is manifested in the concept of chastity or piety(“Vara’”). All might be found in the early corpus and sources called Kutub Al-Zuhd, dating back to the pre-sufism period. Most famous of these, belongs to the Ibn-Al-Mubarak called Kitab-Al-Zuhd.

Abstract:-
The paper aims at finding the literary results for Al-Sheikh Mohammad Hussein Al-Kashif Al-Ghitaa'، especially in the assay art that was absent in the studies that are searching about this great scholar. These studies are restrictive about his religious publications that are well-known in the Iraqi community. This paper tries to shed the light on the assay art that are equivalent with his religious publications. Therefore، the researcher studies the art of his assays that have been published in the Iraqi journals according to their subjects and analyses; in addition to، he classifies the assays' characteristics and styles that have been come with.

Abstract: -
The scholar of Sabit al-Nili is an Iraqi scholar from the city of Hilla, and he has spoken of a theory that has aroused the opinions of other scholars; For its strangeness in what was commented on in the collective mind, and among these opinions he said that he denied the occurrence of metaphor in the Arabic language, and denied the occurrence of metaphor, as well as denied the existence of metonymy in the Holy Quran.
This was attributed to reasons including: the independence of each term in a sense, and that the morphological form of the Arabic term performs a meaning that no other formula of the same article does. Likewise, the syntactic syntax of the Arabic sentences is completely compensated by another syntax, as a lack of it is single or more than it will give another meaning.

Abstract:-
Since the end of the Cold War, several issues have been raised in the international system, perhaps the most important of which is a trend that calls for imposing hegemony; a political project, and the promotion of everything that would prove unipolarity, and another that calls for participation in the leadership of the world, as long as the elements of power change and redeploy in different forms. To the disadvantage of the United States. After the year 2000, power shifts began to take power away from the United States, to re-manifest major powers like Russia And others that did not take their roles in the international system, such as India and perhaps South Africa, Brazil, Turkey and Iran, and that there are shifts in the meaning of power and the interactions associated with it and the global active forces, which are spreading on more than one level: global, transnational, national, and local. Each of them exerts its influence on different global levels by virtue of the information and communication revolution and globalization. And that the transformations that the world is experiencing related to power shifts, accompanied by another shift associated with the emergence of shifts in the directions and contents of the international conflict, as long as the future of the international system is related to power and conflict more than it is related to organization and cooperation, the importance of researching global power shifts, the possibility of studying the phenomenon of conflict, and any transformation that can To be followed by the hierarchy of the international system, studying the transformations that take place in the international system, the process of building power and its uses by the various forces, and the directions towards which the international hierarchy is heading.
By virtue of the high weight and influence of forces and knowledge of the future of the international system, as it will make different countries face the facts of changing the weights of global actors, and in the logic of power and its relations, according to the vision of the realistic approach that prevails in the world, not the approach that focuses on the fact that international organization and integration will lead to the manifestation of a new world and knowledge of trends Conflict in the international system, and the statement that they are trends that have come to adopt interlocking and inconsistent lines. There is a local, regional, and international conflict, and there is a cross-level conflict in which the regional and international overlap with the local.

Abstract:-
Political moral theory was characterized with imam Ali Ben Abi-Talib and it embodied the moral vocabulary with moral activity which we still recognize and we are unable to analyze the political activity of Imam Ali , as we cannot recognize the Islamic moral concept secret the essence of Imam Ali's policy is characterized the high morals . His political morals appeared as a theory and a pratical behavior to prove that policy is organization of the state matters with the moral circle.
He directed the ruling policy without blood shedding . His moral policy summarized the leader's behavior which reflects on his policy presenting in the Islamic soul where the Islamic ruler does not recognize the hatred to be equalized with the public regardless of his position and force . The ruler is trustful person who considers the paying homage as a responsible for the promise which must be done . Imam Ali and his tribe Hashim's Sons did not go beyond the Poor Muslim . Imam Ali is the only caliph who did not give himself and his tribe one dirham more than the others in spite of the poverty of some of his relatives . He stated by God to spend a night on thistles or to be arrested by chains is better thing to me than meeting my Lord and his messenger on the doomsday when I am unjust to some of his servants or I am taking some wreckage unsightly . Thus the search theory set out based on ( the political morals of imam Ali Ben Abi Talib which took the equity , therefore . This research was divided into four bases . The 1st base is dealing with the political morals . whereas the 2nd base is dealing with the state political morals . The 3rd base is dealing with Imam's Ali orders to his rulers . Finally the 4th base is dealing with the political moral towards the political resistance . Then comes the conclusion of the search .

Abstract:-
The research aims to uncover the relationship that binds the two variables between them, namely (Gamification Marketing and Technology Information Management) in the productive companies, namely the Asia Cell Company - the Holy Karbala Branch, as the cognitive importance of the research was represented in shedding light on the modern concepts that service companies can contribute to Improving its business and attracting the customer in addition to achieving a high level of competition. Most of the marketing companies have been interested in the cognitive aspects of the information management technology, as this approach has become important in drawing up their marketing policies and strategy, and these companies are trying hard to implement these visions and ideas in the field reality of their work and thus achieve organizational excellence and success by competing, and the main question of the study was (if they can The companies apply the technology of information management. Gamification marketing will be developed.
The importance of our research emerged from the motivation of the marketing research company to keep pace with the marketing development and the possibility of using the technology of marketing development (Gamification) as an important variable in changing the customer’s relationship with the marketing company. By submitting an electronic questionnaire prepared for this purpose, 70 individuals participated in this questionnaire, and the analytical results showed that the technology of information management affects the marketing of (Gamification) in a positive way.
The research concluded that the availability of financial resources is one of the conditions for achieving Gamification marketing, and because this marketing needs media financing, advertising, or public relations documentation, since these activities need to provide necessary financial amounts and can be determined as a percentage of the company's profits and allocated to these activities.
Recommend to reinforce the availability of the technological infrastructure in developing new systems to work in the company and facilitating the process of communication and cooperation among the various divisions and units of the company.

Abstract:-
Administrative and financial corruption is a harmful phenomenon، but rather one of the major flaws that characterize the modern era، and threatens the entity and existence of society، in addition to its harm to the state's economy as a whole، as it allows a large part of the state's resources to be smuggled across borders، which destabilizes political stability and government institutions become untrustworthy and this is evident. Serious harm when the unity of society is weakened by the creation of an extremely wealthy social class and a majority living in poverty، in addition to another risk that money obtained from corruption crimes can also be a source of terrorist financing; Therefore، countries make great efforts in combating corruption by adopting a number of mechanisms، and at the forefront of these mechanisms comes the financial disclosure that some categories of officials and employees commit to providing data on their financial status when they occupy their job for the first time، and they must also submit periodic reports showing the growth and inflation of their wealth and money. All this contributes to uncovering cases of administrative and financial corruption. However، financial disclosure must be organized within a legal framework in a way that ensures accurate disclosure of the financial situation، the powers and capabilities required for the integrity commission، and the follow-up of the money that is smuggled abroad. This is in addition to defining legal liability and penalties that effectively deter acts of corruption. Based on the above، this study included two sections dealing with the idea of financial approval and its provisions، while the conclusion clarifies the results of the study and its recommendations.

Abstract:-
The political system in democratic countries is the reselt of elections that depend on political participation. This participation is based on political culture. If this culture is participatory and conscious، it leads to a solid political system، while if it is traditional، it leads to a fragile political system.
And that the political culture of the Iraqi society after 2005 was a traditional culture based on secondary loyalties، which led to a weak political system incapable of carrying out its tasks of upholding the law، preserving national unity، and controlling security and stability

Abstract:-
Persuasion is to know something by way of mental powers، henceforth embrace it by heart، whereas to persuade is the influence exerted on beliefs and attitudes. It is a process aiming at creating a change in a certain attitude or conduct of an individual or the society as a whole towards a certain event or a concept. This is acted conducted throughout written or spoken words that convey the feelings and required information.
The holy Qur’an is abundant with persuasive styles، like those cited in Sῡrat Ar-Raẖmān with the enormous potency in the speech acts with the psychological effect they have on the receptor’s soul. From them Upon that we can draw a logical conclusion: As long as that Allah created the humans and subjugated for them all these bounties، and as long as that the human cannot create anything، the logical outcome for these two cases is that the human should not belie or deny the greatness of the Creator and His Supremacy.
The repetition of the question-form in the Sῡrah is a unique style which triggers an inner dialogue in one’s psyche so as to admit the power of the Creator. The outcome of those verbal expressions which profusely portrayed the Allah’s power an interrogation for the one in denial، hence s/he would comprehend feel his diversion from the right path without sensing the confrontation and he becomes persuaded inadvertently by what he believes in non-coercively.

Abstract:-
The study aims to ponder IbnBabshath’s directions of Quranic recitations in his book entitled (Sharih Al-Muqadima Al-Mahsiba) , who wrote this book in response to one of his students to explain his book (Al-Muqadima) in grammar.
The researcher studied the Quranic recitations as directed by IbnBabshath in his explanation and the grammatical constructions in these recitations and context , which gave a clear picture about IbnBabshath’s grammatical thinking , and hisgrammatical doctrine.
IbnBabshath was keen to make his directions conform with the dominant grammatical rules because he was follower of Basra school of grammar especially Sybouyah. IbnBabshath dealt with the text as a sacred entity and he never attacked any recitation or recite , or referred to their mistakes, and this is attributed to his righteousness.

Abstract:-
The concept of cultural memory is an evolving concept of memory studies. The main element in this research assumes that cultural memory is the act of individual remembering occurring in a socio-cultural environment. Thus, the creation of joint copies of the past is the product of mediation, texts and communication, memories that we do not belong only, but are part of the memories that have been transmitted from the groups to which we belong and in which we live and work. Moreover, these past versions of the past help us build our identity and answer the question "who are we and who are others". Later, this affects our business.
Our Iraqi society was lost for many years under the weight of wars and conditions of occupation before and after 2003, which made its culture threatened to collapse. It was necessary to search for the important areas of this cultural heritage as an analysis and re-recall in order to revive it to remain in the memory of generations as a country culture.

Abstract:-
Perhaps the most important thing that distinguishes Hakim's position from poetry is his wide interest in monetary
monism: (form and content). His views on this issue have been expressed in his most famous books,
Poet of faith, Mr. Al-Humiri.
The owner of the Internet, his life and his struggle.
Abdullah bin Abbas, his life and biography.
As well as published research and articles, especially his research on the problem of literature Najafi published in the book: (the green forest, studies in modern Najafi poetry), and printed in Najaf, in 1420 e / 1999).
Mr. Hakim relied on his analysis of the text to look at the integrated look and stand on everything that was said about it to end the disclosure of its technical value and the beauty and ugliness in it. In many of his views he relied on his literary taste, so he went beyond the limits of time and place and of all limits that could restrict the critic.

Abstract:-
The world, including our Arab society, has witnessed significant changes due to the vast scientific advancement that resulted in a revolution of information received by individuals around the world through the Internet. This situation had profound effects on individuals’ thinking and orientations despite the peculiarities that societies have in terms their cultural and social framework and the nature of the education systems in them. However, there were some indications of transformation and change in the various aspects of life, which affected the intellectual structure of individuals directly. Undoubtedly, that human beings are similar in terms of physical and biological features, but they differ intellectually, as each individual has special ideas and values that distinguish them from others.

Abstract:-
The I'ddah is the period of time that a woman must hold on to or refrain from remarriage after the marriage has terminated. This period, which is explained in Islamic law and the Holy Quran and the Prophetic hadiths, has been set for pregnant women. It lasts three purity periods for women with menstruation, three months for postmenopausal women, and four months and ten days for a woman whose husband has passed away. This I'ddah makes sense after penetration or its replacement, i.e. unconsummated lovemaking, according to the Hanafi religion. Therefore, the I'ddah is not applied to a woman before penetration) sexual intercourse (. If the marriage is dissolved or divorced unless the husband dies, in which case the wife must keep the I'ddah for four months and ten days out of respect for the husband, even if sexual intercourse has not taken place between the two. However, the I'ddah of an adulteress has caused some controversies among jurists of Islamic religions. Some believe that the I'ddah is not obligatory on an adulteress and have cited some prophetic hadiths and works narrated by the Companions of the Prophet to confirm their opinion. In contrast, some scholars have relied on some general evidence and believe that the I'ddah shall be observed by the adulteress. Some other jurists have disagreed with the opinion of both groups and stated that the I'ddah of an adulteress is a purity period because the adulteress is not considered a spouse and the I'ddah is not subject to general proofs. This paper uses a descriptive-analytical approach and is organized into three sections: introduction, views, and analysis of evidence. A review of the evidence showed that the I'ddah of an adulteress is the same as maintaining a purity period.

Abstract:-
The current research aims to know the nature of the relationship between the behavior of employee safety and workplace health. The research was applied to a sample of employees working in the Basra Oil Company. A simple random sample of (52) employees was chosen. The research adopted the questionnaire as a main tool for data collection. The research seeks to test the correlation and effect relationship to show the relationship between the variables, and several statistical tests were used to process the data using the statistical program (SPSS VR.23).
The importance of the current research in the limited studies that dealt with the relationship between the variables (behavior of employee safety and workplace health) as well as the current research attempt to study and address a realistic problem that directly affects working individuals and society in the Basra Oil Company.
The research reached cognitive and applied conclusions, including the existence of a statistically significant correlation between the current research variables and the presence of a statistically significant effect between employee safety and health behavior in the workplace.

Abstract:-
The Message of Rights, by Imam Ali bin Al-Hussein Al-Sajjad, is one of closest cognitive texts to the theory of argumentation, because of its moral value in support of the argumentative theory, as it possesses mechanisms, shapes and tools, Which makes it closely related to the formulations, and philosophical sayings, on which the new rhetoric was based on, which one of its objectives, is the study of means, Influencing the addressees, and the linguistic outputs, that the concepts of argumentative give to them, which are based mainly; on truth, reason, justice and justification .And what follows these concepts, including ideas and fields of knowledge. In addition, Perelman is the true founder of them, as is evident in his book (Classified in argumentative). In this article, we tried to highlight the characteristics of the discourse in the rights message according to the communicative manifestations, supported by analytical results.

Abstract:-
The world of the isthmus is the world separating the world from the next, as it is the barrier separating two worlds. This world begins with the death of a person and ends with the Day of Resurrection, and each person will be rewarded and punished according to his deeds in this world..