Al-Academy

Thinking constitutes a mental process in which the visual sensory perception of the person (the learner) interacts with what he has acquired from educational experiences throughout the stages of development and the level of his intelligence that he possesses to achieve a specific goal based on the motivation that moves his energies to remove the obstacles or problems that he faces in life and social situations, based on From the above, the current research stops at a basic variable represented by patterns of thinking. Therefore, the research problem was crystallized according to the following question in proportion to the problem of their research: What is the pattern of thinking among students of the College of Fine Arts?
Since the current research aims to (reveal the level of visual culture and its relationship to the thinking patterns of students at the College of Fine Arts), the researchers have therefore adopted the descriptive approach as it is the most appropriate scientific method to achieve the goal of the research.
As the research population consisted of third-year students in the scientific departments (art education - plastic arts - design) affiliated with the College of Fine Arts, morning study for the academic year 2022-2023, numbering (335 male and female students), the sample of the current research was represented by (80) male and female students. Since the research contains a basic variable represented by (thinking patterns), the two researchers built a type of test, which is the thinking patterns test.
In this research, the two researchers used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - SPSS to extract the results and conclusions, the most important of which are:
The emergence of three patterns of thinking that characterize third grade students (in general) in the scientific departments (art education - fine arts - design) affiliated with the College of Fine Arts, represented by the contemplative, visual, and creative style

This research addresses one of the most important acting styles in theatre, namely the classical style of performance, which has been used by many Iraqi directors in their theatrical performances. To define this acting style, the researchers used the performance of actor Taama Al-Tamimi as a model for analysis. This model aims to identify the classical acting style in Iraqi actors' performances. The research included an introduction and a theoretical foundation that included (the art of acting according to curricula, the classical acting style, and the elements of actor Taama Al-Tamimi's performance). The researchers then developed a method for measuring actor performance in classical theatre. In the research procedures, the researchers used the play "Gilgamesh" as a deliberate sample. After analysing the sample, the researchers reached a set of results, including Al-Tamimi embodied the character using organized tonal diction and controlled theatrical movement, reflecting a deep understanding of the characteristics of the classical style, which is based on sobriety and physical and vocal discipline. A set of conclusions, including Al-Tamimi utilized his strong tone and physical height to highlight the heroic or noble dimensions of the character, as required by the classical style.

This research dealt with the study of representations of magical realism in the works of the artist Afifa Laibi and Fernando Botero. The study came in four chapters. The first chapter represents the general framework of the research and includes the research problem that represented the way to answer the questions raised by the researcher, including: How was magical realism represented in the works of the artist Afifa Laibi and Fernando Botero? The importance of the research also lies in defining the magical realism approach in the field of art. As for the goal of this study, it was represented in revealing the representations of magical realism in the works of the artist Afifa Laibi and Fernando Botero. The theoretical framework included two topics: the first: the concept of magical realism in the field of art, and the second was represented by two topics: the first is Fernando Botero, the experience and style, while the second topic is Afifa Laibi, the experience and style. As well as analyzing samples of two samples for the artists, and after the analysis process, the researcher reviewed the results, including For conclusions, recommendations and source list.

This research paper addresses the subject of representing hunger through the embodiment of the symbolism of the \"loaf\" using installation art in space. The study aims to explore the human dimensions associated with hunger and satiety, using the loaf as a symbol of life and abundance in a contemporary context. The importance of the research lies in highlighting the role of visual arts in raising awareness of hunger as a humanitarian issue, especially in light of global crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic and wars that have affected food security. The main question posed in the research is how to use ceramic art and installation art in space as a means of expressing feelings of deprivation and hunger.
The study relied on the historical approach, tracing the appearance of the loaf in contemporary artworks, in addition to the artistic analysis of the works of artists who used the loaf as a symbol to express different meanings. A purposive sample of six contemporary artists who worked on integrating the loaf into their artworks was selected, and their techniques and interpretations of the symbolism related to hunger were analyzed. The study also addressed contemporary treatments that use installation art in space to represent hunger.
The results showed that installation art in space can be powerful tools for expressing social and humanitarian issues such as hunger. It was found that contemporary artists use these media to evoke feelings of interaction with the audience and convey strong messages about poverty and hunger. The study recommended expanding the use of these artworks in exhibitions and museums to increase public awareness and stimulate dialogue about global issues related to hunger

The field of art education is considered one of the most significant domains that contribute to the development of students’ aesthetic taste. It represents a foundational pillar in enhancing both their intellectual and artistic capacities. The role of the art education teacher goes beyond teaching technical and artistic skills to include fostering students’ ability to appreciate beauty across various forms of art.
This study is structured into three chapters. Chapter One addresses the research problem, which centers on the question: Does the art education teacher play a role in developing students’ aesthetic taste? The importance of the study lies in highlighting the role of art education in cultivating students’ aesthetic sensibilities and enhancing classroom engagement through innovative teaching methods and techniques. The study also aims to provide a scientific contribution to the field of art education in middle schools and to support educational institutions in improving artistic teaching practices. Therefore, the study aimed to explore the role of the art education teacher in developing aesthetic taste among students. The scope of the study was limited to the intermediate (middle) school stage—specifically grades one, two, and three—as this stage is critical in shaping the student’s personality after transitioning from the primary level.
Chapter Two presents the theoretical framework and a review of previous studies. The theoretical framework consists of two main sections: the first addresses the definition, concept, and importance of aesthetic taste; the second discusses the importance of activating the role of the art education teacher in developing students’ aesthetic appreciation.
Chapter Three includes the research procedures, such as the study population and sample. The research adopted the descriptive-analytical method, as it is the most appropriate for the nature of the study. This chapter also outlines the design of the research instruments and the statistical tools employed, based on a thorough review of relevant literature and sources.
Considering the study’s findings, the researcher recommends the necessity of encouraging art education teachers to emphasize the importance of art and its role in enhancing students’ aesthetic sensibilities. It is also recommended that school activity directorates coordinate with schools to provide specialized professional development workshops for art teachers focused on fostering aesthetic appreciation. Furthermore, the researcher suggests conducting similar studies in this field to build on the current findings.

The study explores the techniques of vocal performance for actors in contemporary theater, emphasizing that the voice is a fundamental element in shaping a theatrical performance. It highlights the importance of the voice in expressing the character’s emotions and interactions with social and psychological contexts. The research underlines the necessity for actors to possess the ability to use their voices in a way that reflects the character’s emotions. Additionally, it examines the role of language as a means of expression, stressing the importance of literary reading and appreciation in enhancing vocal performance skills.
The study also reviews various directing approaches, such as the methods of Stanislavski, Meyerhold, and Brecht, each differing in their use of voice. Stanislavski focuses on logical vocal performance, while Meyerhold introduces the biomechanical approach, integrating movement with voice. On the other hand, Brecht emphasizes the alienation effect, allowing the actor to address the audience’s intellect directly. These variations illustrate the diversity of styles and techniques employed in vocal performance.
The research emphasizes the significance of voice as an expressive tool in acting, requiring actors to be conscious of their delivery style and its impact on the audience. It also highlights the necessity of continuous vocal training, as a well-trained voice enhances performance effectiveness and captures the audience’s attention. It becomes evident that the voice is not merely a tool but a vital element in the art of acting, requiring deep understanding and precise application to achieve the desired effect.
Furthermore, the study delves into the human voice from organic, psychological, and physical perspectives, focusing on how the ear perceives sound vibrations and their influence on auditory perception. It also discusses phonetics, examining the speaker’s activity and the function of speech organs. Additionally, the study identifies two trends in the evolution of spoken language in contemporary theater: the first emphasizes literary text as a central element, while the second relies on non-verbal expression, where the voice is used in harmony with physical movement to convey meaning

Human history, with all its social, political, and religious transformations, has confirmed that belonging has been a human need that has accompanied man since the dawn of history. Thus, he found himself confronted with the need to belong to a group, a group, or a place. Regardless of age, race, or socioeconomic status, an individual always needs to feel like a member of a group with whom he shares common interests, and from which the group provides support. Belonging is one of the factors that determines the nature of a person's relationship with his social environment and with his society, everywhere and at all times. Thus, belonging is a social human value that represents an integral part of the human being and drives him to achieve accomplishment and a sense of social responsibility. Belonging is thus a necessary need that the individual strives to fulfill and satisfy in order to overcome his loneliness and social isolation, as well as the spatial, temporal, or social alienation he may experience or feel. The concept of belonging in multicultural, multi-religious, and multi-ethnic countries—such as ours—has taken on a problematic character due to the multiplicity of types and forms of belonging, their complex overlap, and their interaction with various factors such as language, religion, heritage, and ideology.
This confusion and this problematic concept, deeply rooted in our society as a result of the historical and political repercussions of recent decades, has placed a heavy burden on Iraqi creatives, who, in accordance with their moral responsibility, must contribute to uncovering this confusion and exercise an educational and enlightening role in favor of the national belonging that intellectuals and educators seek to consolidate and give supremacy over other sub-affiliations, whose existence has also become entrenched under political and geographical circumstances and has become a reality. This has contributed to the confusion and problematic nature of the concept of belonging and the problem of its plurality. Given the importance of the subject of belonging, especially when the “national” aspect of it is given priority over the secondary aspect, many children’s theatre writers in our country, Iraq, have addressed it through their texts according to various plots and stories. Among these writers, the name of Hussein Ali Harf stands out as an author and director in this field, who is considered "one of the most important Arab playwrights who knocked on the doors of children's theater and entered it" (Harf, 2009, p. 87). He wrote "purposeful educational texts that, in their integrated elements, seek to rescue children's culture from its lethargy, build a cultured, aware child, grant him some happiness, joy, and delight, and instill values that may have been forgotten" (Harf, 2009, p. 87). Among the twenty texts written by Hussein Ali Harf, the poetic play "The Tale of Salwan the Artist" stands out as an important and solid literary and artistic model, containing multiple treatments of the idea of belonging and strengthening the national aspect of it in a poetic style and through the hero, the young man (Salwan), with his multiple literary and artistic talents. Based on the above, the researcher decided to choose this text in particular as a deliberate sample to study the topic of representations of belonging in children's theater texts. Based on the above, this research entitled “Representations of Belonging in the Children’s Play (The Tale of Silwan the Artist)” by Hussein Ali Harf.

This study analyzes the psychological, behavioral, and social impact of children’s exposure to violence in media, including television, the internet, and video games. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical method and employs a questionnaire directed at a sample of mothers to assess the correlation between media exposure and child behavior. The results show a strong link between high exposure to violence and increased aggression, anxiety, depression, and learning difficulties. The study highlights the importance of family, school, and community intervention and proposes preventive strategies such as parental monitoring, content regulation, and supportive school programs

The study examined formal systems approaches to renovating the interior spaces of university libraries, with the aim of enhancing the role of libraries as living spaces for learning, social interaction, and knowledge transfer. The first section focuses on applying effective principles to develop the interior spaces of university libraries using environmentally friendly materials and integrating nature to enhance comfort and sustainability, including ecosystems and the effects of color on users.
The researchers adopted a descriptive approach to analyze the selected model, concluding that technological progress drives the development of university library design, with a focus on exploiting natural resources and employing environmental and color elements to enhance the user experience. Recommendations included adopting systematic strategies to design flexible and sustainable interior spaces that take into account practical functions and aesthetic aspects as vital community centers.

The current research aims to explore and highlight the technical and artistic capabilities of the Mental Canvas program to enrich research approaches through its technical and artistic features. It seeks to establish a set of educational standards for designing digital illustrations to produce a children’s booklet, emphasize the significance of the Mental Canvas program, and enhance the knowledge base related to modern digital art programs specializing in interactive 3D illustrations.
The results of this study could contribute to identifying the importance of using Mental Canvas and its tools in teaching and enhancing their utilization through the application of recommendations proposed by the researcher. Additionally, the study involves designing a prototype of an interactive 3D booklet for children using Mental Canvas, utilizing illustrative designs, and examining the role of interactive 3D illustrations for children in instilling values, customs, and traditions in Saudi children.
The researcher used an observation card as a research tool and adopted the descriptive-analytical method for the study. The research findings revealed several results, the most notable of which include:
• The technical capabilities for designing interactive digital illustrations using Mental Canvas to produce an interactive booklet for children with a Saudi character received a high level of responsiveness from the sample group.
• The artistic capabilities for designing interactive digital illustrations using Mental Canvas for the same purpose were rated with a moderate level of responsiveness by the sample group.
The researcher proposed several recommendations, including:
1. Encouraging methods and approaches that aim to uncover new avenues for developing educational curricula.
2. Urging researchers and artists to integrate 3D illustrations with 2D designs.
3. Encouraging educators to leverage the technical capabilities of the Mental Canvas program.
4. Including illustrative designs as part of teaching methodologies.
5. Promoting collaboration between teachers and researchers to better understand the importance of teachers' skill development in using Mental Canvas and other interactive digital drawing programs in education.
6. Conducting studies on the behavioral impact of instilling Saudi customs and traditions in children through interactive digital drawing programs.
7. Investigating the effect of using interactive digital drawing programs in education on the teacher-student relationship.
8. Conducting similar studies in other countries for comparative analysis.

The purpose of myth was founded on philosophical questions, and gradually, with the development of philosophical thought, its purpose shifted to explaining social issues, representing its phenomena, and recording rituals, In order to transmit its meaning-laden energy to the recipient through forms of objective reference as an equivalent of the author's ideas about individual events and myths associated with the social events of the present, the title of the research entitled (The metaphor of mythological in Henri Fuseli artworks ) is presented in the form of the first chapter, the methodological framework, and the second chapter with the mythological metaphor in the works of Henri Fuseli. In the first chapter, we identify the role of myth in the Romantic movement, and in the second, we identify the forms of metaphor in Henri Fuseli's paintings, and on the basis of the indicators and sample analysis in the third chapter, we reach the results in the fourth chapter, the most important of which are: - 1- Myth has a psychological impact and its function is to establish ideological foundations as a logical drawing of the phenomena of reality coupled with an illogical drawing of reality dependent on the elements of the myth, as the imagination creates a false consciousness that serves certain political, religious or intellectual purposes. 2- Myth has a psychological function, as it is the drawing of the internal reality and what the incident and the social phenomenon evokes from the artist's emotional reaction. In both cases, it constitutes the author's association with a field of cultural presence based on collective memory, subconscious elements, imagination, dreams, illusions and myths inspired by mythological stories in all their forms.

The research addressed the concept of "the future identity of industrial products and its variables," which reflects their continuous evolution under the influence of cultural, technological, and environmental factors. This concept is rooted in the philosophy of becoming, linking the past, present, and future, with a focus on the role of nostalgia (longing for the past) in reshaping identity by merging heritage elements with modern innovations. The research problem was formulated through the following question: What are the variables of the future identity of industrial products? A descriptive methodology was adopted to analyze the sample, and the researcher concluded that the design preserved BMW’s iconic luxurious and sporty identity while adapting it to global market demands for electric vehicles, such as adopting sleek aerodynamic lines that reflect modernity. It also provided advanced customization options, such as mood-adjustable LED lighting and integrated entertainment systems tailored to individual user preferences..
Results: - that the design preserved BMW’s iconic luxurious and sporty identity while adapting it to global market demands for electric vehicles, such as adopting sleek aerodynamic lines that reflect modernity. It also provided advanced customization options, such as mood-adjustable LED lighting and integrated entertainment systems tailored to individual user preferences

The historical landmarks and symbols in the land of Mesopotamia, which is rich in numerous monuments that still stand to this day, are considered important sources. There is a vast diversity in the symbols, their classifications, and their various fields, which illustrate the richness of life among the ancient Iraqis. This also indicates the skill and diverse abilities of the ancient Iraqis, and their ability to discover and make use of their surroundings in service of the Iraqi civilization. The ancient Iraqis recorded their daily lives on the walls of temples and cave ceilings through sculptures and drawings, which have been discovered by archaeologists and researchers. Thus, historical symbolic meanings are derived through analyzing mental representations, highlighting significance according to the designer's imagination and capabilities to convey ideas in contemporary designs. Therefore, the research problem is defined by the following question:
What are the most important symbols used in the design of tourism advertisements for the Iraqi Tourism and Antiquities Authority?

The current research aims to identify the impact of cognitive stimulants in developing the educational experiences of art education students in the subject of teaching methods.
Through:
• Designing educational plans according to cognitive stimuli to develop the educational experiences of art education students in the subject of teaching methods.
• Designing a test to develop educational experiences in the subject of teaching methods.
• Measuring the impact of cognitive stimulants in the development of educational experiences among students of art education in the subject of teaching methods.
The research community was identified, which was represented by members of the third grade in the Department of Art Education/ Faculty of Fine Arts, which consists of (6) academic divisions in which the number of students reached (114) male and female students by (59) male and (55) female students.
The research sample was determined by the random method represented by the two divisions (C-D). The number of students was (38) male and female students, as the division (C) was selected as an experimental group in which the teaching of plans prepared according to cognitive stimulants is applied. Division (D) as a control group learns the subject of teaching methods in the usual way.
A test was built to develop educational experiences in the subject of teaching methods, as it included (20) test items of multiple choice.
The psychometric properties of the test (validity and stability) were confirmed, and then the t-test was used for two independent samples.
The researchers found that the members of the experimental group who studied according to the strategies of cognitive stimulants were superior to the members of the control group who studied according to the traditional method.
The researchers found the following results:
- The use of cognitive stimulants has a much better impact than the usual method of teaching the subject of teaching methods in terms of developing the educational experiences of art education students.
- The use of cognitive stimulants has contributed to raising students' motivation and attracting their attention to the subject.
- It has contributed to changing the role of the teacher, as it is no longer just a prompt for the learner, but rather teaching students how to organize, process, store and recall information when needed.
In light of the results of the research, the two researchers recommend what comes next.
- Teaching cognitive stimulants within the course of teaching different subjects.
- Training the students of the Department of Art Education on how to use, employ and practice cognitive stimulants during application in the fourth grade.
- Paying attention to the basic thinking and its various skills because it has a role in developing the educational experiences of art education students.
- Using cognitive stimulants in teaching the art education teaching methods course.
In light of the results of the research, the researchers recommend the following.
- An educational program based on the use of cognitive stimulants in the development of art education students' attitudes towards a subject.

The problem of the present research is defined by the following question: (Does employing mirrors succeed in achieving innovative and novel aesthetics in residential interior designs?). The research also aims to discover the aesthetics of mirrors and how they are employed in residential interior designs. The research is limited to the interior designs in Erbil from 2006 to 2023.
Chapter Two consists of three sections. Section one deals with mirrors, their types, and characteristics. Section two deals with the interior design, its elements, materials, and the accessories used in the interior design. The third section introduces mirrors and the ways of employing them in the interior design. Chapter Three includes the research procedures in that its sample consists of (nine) models of the interior designs of houses in Erbil.
The researcher analyzes two of them. Moreover, the researcher used the descriptive analytical method in his analysis. In Chapter Four, the researcher analyzes the research samples and then introduces the results achieved. The most important ones are that innovatively using mirrors, crossed and broken, and in stenographic forms, positively affect the interior space.
Further, mirrors work as an extending or expanding factor to a space, unite the interior design, and reflect the width. Finally, using mirrors within a complicated geometrical composition increases and strengthens space aesthetics and light distraction in addition to its distribution in a way that does not cause boredom.
The research ends with chapter five by introducing some conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions.

Art theorists did not care about comedy as much as they did with tragedy, and scholars placed most of that attention on personality, its dimensions, attributes, psychological and physical influences on it and the social aspects surrounding it, and somewhat neglected writing of comedy and the character that performed it. Even in Aristotle’s book The Art of Poetry, he did not see comedy except through tragedy, and the comedy reached the site that it sought when the theory of laughter developed itself by entering psychological propositions that considered laughter a purification ritual similar to tragedic purification and it is also suitable for releasing what is repressed within the human psyche.
The research presents its problem with the following question: What are the variables that occurred in the comic expression in the cinematic discourse? Then he begins answering that question through a theoretical framework that includes two articles, the first of which came under the title: Comedy: The Philosophy of Shapes and Contents, as the recurring textual model is not available and inherited from comic writing, which created a positive environment for the comedian who found a great space in diligence and writing texts outside the restrictions and rules That shackles the author in some matters, but the positivity may not last long due to falling into the typical textual performance.
As for the second topic, it was entitled: Variables of comic expression in the cinematographic medium, in which the great effects of theater and cinema on the structure of expression in the comic series are discussed as all of them a purely dramatic structure, and the study of plot, language, idea and the view will lead us to the relationship between personality and the dramatic event and its impact on the structure of comic expression In the TV series.
The research came out with three indicators of the theoretical framework that were applied to the research sample. The research culminated in a set of results and conclusions, including the language spoken by the characters, the way they are pronounced, and the dialect that led to their role in the production of comic meaning and personal functioning within the comic dramatic structure.

The subject is based on the plastic concept and the creation of plastic images and their introduction into the theater through the pictorial mark of the formation or by addressing the sculptural methods and the production of kinetic and artistic performance according to the sculptural foundations addressed by the director and the foundations of his artistic image in this way, and clarifying the applied methods that were used in the application of this concept in the theatrical presentation and the directorial mechanisms addressed by the directors in the formation of the aesthetic and artistic formation of the plastic vocabulary from a philosophical point of view to form the directorial style. The research was divided into an introduction and four chapters.

The study aimed to identify the structural treatments of space in postmodern arts and their representations in the products of graduate students in the Department of Art Education. To achieve this, the descriptive analytical approach was used by analyzing the students' products and knowing the structural treatments of the space of the visual artwork in postmodern arts , as she identified (5) main axes and (33) secondary axes. The researcher used (statistical means) both Cooper's equation to calculate the stability ratio, and the arithmetic mean to calculate the total.
The researcher concluded that the use of color treatments on the space of the visual surface gave it an aesthetic and expressive dimension. The researcher recommended holding seminars that receive experienced artists in the field of art and conducting dialogues about various arts to enrich the students' culture and inform them of what is new in the artistic field.

The study aimed to identify the visual and intellectual culture of contemporary Saudi artists, clarify the role of Saudi Vision 2030 in changing the intellectual and cultural paradigm surrounding visual arts, and the influence of contemporary Saudi artists on economic development in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Three visual works by contemporary Saudi artists, Taha Al-Sabban, Ahmed Mater, and Maha Al-Malouh, were analyzed to illustrate the visual and intellectual culture of contemporary Saudi artists and their impact on economic development in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A descriptive and analytical approach was applied.
The study concluded that Saudi Vision 2030 plays a prominent role in changing the visual and intellectual culture of Saudi society, and that artificial intelligence can be used as a means to enhance visual and creative capabilities. It concluded that contemporary Saudi artists have advanced to the forefront of international competition and have received financial support and attention from the state. Interest in culture and the arts has clearly contributed to economic development through various unconventional components. Culture and the arts have a clear and prominent impact in solving various social problems, including economic development.

The research presents a study on multiple materials and various media in enriching contemporary mural painting in a visual space that allows the formation of a perception enriches the aesthetic vision in the artistic work. Through the diversity of media and multiple materials and the intersection of genres within an atmosphere characterized by unity, by tracing the beginning of the emergence of the technique of combining more than one material in mural painting During ancient civilizations, and the transformation that occurred in modem manufactured and pre- processed raw materials in contemporary works, the study has four chapters, the first is the general framework of the research problem, the second is theoretical framework about the various techniques and materials in enriching the field of mural painting and how to form them within the work unit, the third deals with some mural works in terms of the multiplicity of materials in them and the extent of the influence of the material in enriching it functionally and aesthetically, fourth results and sources.

The semantic levels in the theatrical performance vary according to the diversity of its references. These references formed the link between the message and its recipient. Interpretations of the offer differ depending on the references between the two parties. This research charts its path in four chapters. The first (methodological) chapter deals with (the research problem), which was determined by the diversity of semantic levels, which led to the clash of those meanings and the implications that resulted from them. The (importance of the research) is that it studies the phenomenon of multiple levels of significance in building the image, and (the goal of the research) is to reveal the semantic levels of the theatrical image. The second chapter (theoretical framework) includes two sections: the first: (transformations of the sign between text and presentation), while the second: (references that form the image). The third chapter (research procedures) contained the research community, research tools, and the research sample, which was represented by the performance of the play (Silk). Chapter Four (Results and Conclusions) Among the most important results: (The diversity of visual formations formed a semantic level that contributed to achieving reduction and condensing meaning to reveal the essential contents). As for the most important conclusions: (The theatrical performance did not benefit from the characteristics of the sign represented by (transformation and semantic generation).

The metaphor was represented by the designer's authentication of the design discourse through his representation of a group of important heritage and cultural symbols in the history of his society, to express his cultural and environmental identity, and this may reflect the strength of the designer's attachment and pride in the roots, and his overwhelming desire to show the strength of identity in all aspects of fashion, as the metaphor is a mirror that reflects the imagination's ability to monitor evidence of similarity in the universe and is a means of reshaping the universe by creating a new reality. From here, the researcher formulated her research problem by posing the following question: What are the representations of metaphor for fashion fabric designs? The research came in three chapters, as follows: The first included the research problem, while the research goal represented identifying the representations of metaphor for fashion fabric designs? The second chapter included the theoretical framework with two topics, the first topic included (the concept and patterns of metaphor), and the second topic (references of metaphor in the design of fashion fabrics). The third chapter included the most important conclusions reached by the researcher, including: -
1. Metaphor contributes to creating harmony in the production of fashion fabric design at the intellectual level through the use of creative elements and the second level is the process of producing the design idea.
2. Metaphor carries within it the imagination to create new forms based on hidden mental metaphors that are integrated into one context in the design of fashion fabrics.
Keywords: representations, concept, patterns, metaphor, references.

The concept of meaning is considered one of the most important topics present in all arts that has occupied the minds of critics. As we see, contemporary art, especially sculpture, has many readings. In this research, various works of contemporary sculpture in the Kurdistan Region are presented and researched in terms of (the concept of meaning) different artistic aspects of sculpture from identifying with the problem of meaning and objective content. Considering this, we see that the research process began with the research problem. This stems from the important and controversial question that accompanies the question (Is reading the concept of meaning and the contents of sculpture in the Kurdistan Region an open and multiple interpretation in terms of meaning) and is there polarization or is the work a closed and final interpretation and a single polarization to interpret the meaning?) Then the research turns to (the importance of the research and its objectives) then (the limits of the research and identifying the most important of them). Then the research includes three sections in the theoretical section, the first section entitled (The concept of meaning in philosophical and aesthetic thought) in terms of dialogue with the most important concepts and individual topics reflected in the artist himself, interpreting these concepts to the independent philosophical direction in which the concept of sculpture raises the problem of the concept of meaning. The second axis (the concept of meaning in terms of critical aesthetic ideas) reading the critical thought of a number of sculpture works according to the critical level of meaning that you understand, the third axis (the concept of meaning in terms of the objective and personal in contemporary sculpture in the Kurdistan Region) discusses understanding the concept of meaning in contemporary sculpture, and emphasizes the personal and objective thinking that its sculpture understands, and finally the methodology followed in analyzing the samples is the descriptive analytical method, followed by the research community and the sample chosen intentionally in order to achieve the research objectives, which are (3) samples of Kurdistan artists between the years (2018 and 2023), then the analytical tools to analyze the sample, and finally collecting the information obtained by the researcher in order to obtain data and information by analyzing it in detail and accurately, then the researcher chose the artistic achievements of Kurdistan artists that carried several meanings. It came in line with the research in order to achieve the research goal, then according to the analytical descriptive and analytical approach, and then reached the following most important results: The artist and the presence of events in society through his own thinking, in terms of meaning and expression, the difference in meanings in the artist's work is not a difference and contradiction, but rather a diversity of meanings in understanding the artwork by the viewer, and here the thought of contemporary artists in the Kurdistan Region at the current stage, what came to light, the works that were embodied and created in terms of meaning are a product that expresses the suffering of the Kurdish people and the ideas and issues that exist in the thinking of contemporary artists in the Kurdistan Region and the artistic achievements shine in the dominance of the thinking of artists in the Kurdistan Region in terms of expression and meaning for artwork and the excess in form to invent and create a new form that differs from the normal realistic form and exaggeration in form enhances the artistic impact in different ways to attract the audience through the aesthetic experience of new ideas. And the conclusions reached by this research, then presented the recommendations, then a list of the sources used by the researcher in this research.

The research highlighted many developments that enabled design to undergo changes including a set of modern mechanisms and methods that helped it achieve quality. The research problem revolved around the following question: What is quality and its relationship to accelerated design and traditional design? The goal was to identify the requirements for achieving quality according to accelerated design and traditional design. From this, the importance of this study stemmed from its attempt to establish a conceptual framework to identify opinions that contribute to clarifying the difference between accelerated design and traditional design in terms of quality. The second chapter included two topics, the first of which was titled (The Concept of Quality in Product Design), and the second dealt with (The Concept of Accelerated Design and Traditional Design). Based on this, the researcher adopted indicators that were the result of the theoretical framework. The third chapter relied on following the descriptive comparative approach in the process of analyzing the samples. The fourth chapter included the results and conclusions, the most prominent of which were: All samples achieved a real ability in performance work in achieving design quality. In addition to creating a state of reliability and durability for the achiever and highlighting design quality. The most prominent conclusion was that the designs were effectively based on modern technological developments, presenting them as a design reality that highlights and achieves design quality through their performance dimension.

Amid the rapid technological advancements, artificial intelligence has emerged as one of the most prominent tools of the modern era, contributing to the expansion of artistic creativity. It has become an active partner in generating ideas and shaping aesthetic visions, while enabling artists to explore new methods and forms that transcend the limits of traditional tools.
This research seeks to explore the role of artificial intelligence technologies in developing creativity among contemporary visual artists while preserving the visual identity inspired by Najdi Saudi heritage. The study aims to identify the most significant uses of artificial intelligence in producing artworks, to reveal sources of inspiration from Najdi heritage, and to apply AI tools to paintings inspired by this heritage in order to create contemporary creative works.
The research adopts the descriptive-analytical method, with a sample consisting of five artworks produced by the researcher. The theoretical framework is structured around two main axes: applications of artificial intelligence in visual arts, and visual sources of inspiration from Najdi Saudi heritage.
The study concludes with several key findings, most notably: the diversity of AI applications in art, including text-to-image generation and style transfer; Najdi architecture, with its ornamental and chromatic elements, provides a rich source of visual inspiration; and AI-based processing of traditional ornamental elements has offered new interpretations without erasing their original identity. The artworks maintained their fundamental visual structure despite formal transformations, confirming the possibility of integrating artificial intelligence into contemporary art while preserving cultural heritage.

The current research aims to (reveal spontaneity in Abstract Expressionism and its reflections in the products of art education students), and the research was limited to the drawing products of the fourth grade, Art Education Department, for the academic year (2022-2023), and the research followed the descriptive analytical approach, and the research community consisted of (99) works. As for the research sample, it was (3) works that were chosen intentionally. The current research adopted (a content analysis form) and the tool was built from the indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework, and it was presented to a group of experts to ensure its validity. The analysis of the samples was also presented to analysts specialized in The art of drawing, and the research reached a set of results, the most important of which are: Among the automatic artistic characteristics that were embodied in breaking the expectation horizon, which appeared in the sample models (1, 2, 3), it constituted a percentage of (100%).

The sociology of artistic expression is not a simple process, especially when it represents the ideas of a student who is under the influence of aesthetic emotion and does not merely copy or transmit artwork. Rather, it is a collection of repositories linked to sociological ideas, customs, and traditions, whether this copying is related to nature or from the student's own repertoire of expression and ideas.
The sociology of expression explains the artistic preoccupations of art students from a philosophical and artistic perspective, and how to find ways to employ them, what their artistic vision is, and the ways to use these methods in artistic expression and address them among students.
The research includes four chapters. The first chapter addresses the research problem, which is summarized in the following questions: (Can artistic expression be used as a sociological function? What are the philosophical and artistic preoccupations of the sociology of artistic expression of art education department students in their productions?) In addition to the importance and objective of the research (monitoring the mechanisms of the sociology of artistic expression), its limits, and defining the terms used in the research topic. The second chapter includes two topics: (The concept of sociology) and its impact on the self and society in general, and (Sociology in artistic expression) and its impact on individuals, literature, and the visual arts (drawing). The third chapter addresses the research sample, research methodology, research tool, and sample analysis. The fourth chapter addresses the most important results, conclusions, and proposed recommendations, as well as a list of sources and references and a summary of the research in both Arabic and English.

This study discusses the critical role of aesthetics in influencing consumer evaluations and preferences of industrial products. With design being a key differentiator in competitive markets, the study explores how aesthetic elements interact with user responses. The study focuses on the components of aesthetic evaluation, including visual consistency, usability, and cultural influences, and their impact on consumer behavior and emotional engagement. The research relied on a structured questionnaire distributed to 110 undergraduate design students, where the relationship between aesthetic appeal and factors such as ease of use, cultural relevance, and emotional stimulation was quantitatively analyzed. The results highlight the importance of visual elements—color, shape, and texture—in attracting consumer attention and promoting positive perceptions. It was also shown that aesthetic design evokes positive emotions, improves usability, and enhances brand loyalty. In addition, cultural context plays an important role in shaping users’ perceptions of aesthetics, underscoring the need for culturally sensitive design strategies. The study concludes by calling for a balanced design approach that combines innovation, simplicity, and visual consistency, in line with consumer expectations and enhancing product competitiveness.

The current research dealt with the study of the philosophy of extremism and terrorism in contemporary graphic discourse, which allows understanding how to employ graphic discourse in influencing societies, whether through the dissemination of extremist thought or confronting it with design methods, which requires the development of design treatments capable of confronting extremist discourses and enhancing societal awareness of the seriousness of the philosophy of extremism and terrorism, and thus graphic discourse has become an effective tool in shaping public opinion and influencing perception, whether in contexts and describing positive or negative phenomena. With the increasing challenges resulting from terrorism and violence, the graphic discourse was relied on as a means and tool to combat violent speech and promote the values of tolerance, moderation and rejection of violence, and according to the above, the researcher has deliberately addressed the subject withresearch and study by asking the following question:
What is the philosophy of extremism and terrorism in contemporary graphic discourse? The researcher adopted the descriptive approach in the analysis of the research sample to reach the goal of the research represented in (identifying the philosophy of extremism and terrorism and its representations in the contemporary graphic discourse), and in accordance with the subject of the research because it allows the possibility of conducting analysis and inference and to serve the course of research, and the researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which were: -
1- The models highlighted the connotations of danger and warning, in a way that contributes to attracting attention and highlighting the dangerous effects of the philosophy of extremism and terrorism on society, (all models).
After the results appeared and were discussed, the researcher reached the conclusions of the research, the most important of which are:
1- The philosophy of extremism and terrorism from the view of the graphic discourse as a negative situation is a recognition of negativity that cannot be contained, whether in terms of size or strength, and the uniqueness of such extremist acts makes them descriptible through an effective and influential graphic discourse in the recipient as a means of guidance and awareness against violence and terrorism.

This research, titled (The Imitation in the Paintings of Nineveh’s Artists), tackles study Nineveh’s Artists works, especially those of the city of Mosul, who tried to imitate the reality of the city with its different parts. The research consists of four chapters. Chapter One deals with the type of the problem and sets the objectives to know the essence and types of this imitation to reach the desired results. The chapter also contains the importance of the research, its limits, and the delineation of the terms.
Chapter Two contains the theoretical framework on two topics; the first is under the title civilization, the heritage, and the nature of Mosul city. The second section came under the title the reflection of the reality of Mosul in its artists’ paintings. Mosul is the focus of the subject in polarizing the hands of the artists towards it’s nature and heritage. The chapter then includes the indicators of the theoretical framework and literature.
Chapter Three focuses on the methodology followed in the research, which is the descriptive analytical method. Then the research moves to the research community that included the works of the artists who tried to imitate the city through its different angles and subjects. The artists are Rakan Dabdoub, Najeeb Younis, Dherar Qaddo, Basheer Taha, Nabeel Saleh, and others. The chapter introduces also the tool and subjects of the research based on the intentional method analyzed in the light of the methodology adopted to reach the results that realize the objectives of the research referred to in Chapter Four.
Chapter Four shows how the artist in an intentional way or another depicts Mosul solely in a special style sticking to one type of imitation:
1. Simple imitation, which we notice in the works of Nabeel Saleh that imitate the reality of the houses of Mosul.
2. Imitation of the essence which we touched in the works of Basheer Taha that trace the elements of nature that affect them.
3. Imitation of the essence of traditions and customs in the works of Najeeb Younis.
4. The imitation of Dherar Qaddo is a transition from the simple to the essence in the structure of modernistic formation.
The researcher reached conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions, followed by a list of resources, references and appendices.