Journal of the College of Education for Women

Ancient poetry has been the focus of attention of writers and critics, both ancient and modern, as an inexhaustible sea of giving and endless pearls. Therefore, it was rich in literary and rhetorical arts. Silence occupied a large space within it, due to its ability to soothe the soul with the fewest words and shortest phrases. Poets resorted to it to express the turmoil in their minds and the worries and pain, or joy and happiness contained within their souls, and because of its potential for complaint and containing feelings Containing feelings, inclining hearts, and sharpening the recipient’s enthusiasm to make him a part of the emotional experience that the poet depicts in his poetry. The research addressed the concept of silence and how it formed a clear feature in the poetry of poets in the pre-Islamic and early Islamic eras, and how they were able to use it to express their various and diverse feelings and emotions through their silence and the use of its techniques of gestures and body language, in addition to the monument that speaks for itself without an intermediary.

The research discusses the role of social services in raising environmental awareness of the negative impacts of various climatic and environmental phenomena on the Earth and all its inhabitants, and seeks to enhance environmental awareness among the population by demonstrating the role of social services in reducing catastrophic environmental phenomena and working to achieve environmental sustainability. The research focuses on demonstrating the role of green social services in confronting climate change problems and maintaining environmental sustainability, while clarifying the relationship between the environment and humans in light of climate change. To work on understanding the relationship between the environment and society in light of contemporary societal changes, the researcher conducted a field study to know the real role of the social service profession in the climatic nature of society. The field aspect was represented by distributing (200) questionnaire forms in Baghdad Governorate to social specialists and environmental specialists whose opinions were discussed, and a question was raised about the role of social service in developing environmental awareness of the dangers of climate change in Iraq. The study reached many results, including that social service has a clear role in developing environmental awareness in terms of protecting it and preventing it from loss, pollution and waste, and it is one of the important roles that social specialists have begun to focus on and that it is one of the professions with close contact with humans, as the specialist deals directly with humans and the environment.

This research aims to study "political transformations and dominant symbols in Iraq" by clarifying the impact of these transformations on the production or reinforcement of certain symbols at the expense of others. "Hegemony" refers to the influence that these symbols wield and acquire through power over a reinforced social capital. This seeks to answer the central question: What contexts enable a particular symbol to exert influence and dominance in society? The study relied on the (night and day) approach of the anthropologist Gilbert Durand, which is based on a symbolic triad that dominates society, namely: (the warrior, the clergyman or priest, the peasant). The study demonstrates its conformity to Iraq in its political and social transformations from the establishment of the state in 1921 until 2003. The study was based on the method of historical tracking based on recalling a group of incidents accompanying the political transformations and their contexts, and demonstrating their tools and procedures that express the influence of one of the social symbols. The study revealed that the rise of a symbol is reinforced by the authority of the state through laws and procedures that increase its influence in society. Symbolism arises within social and political conditions that enable the state to exert its influence and represent the dominant force in politics and society. The study concludes that political and social transformations must be interpreted in light of dominant elements that represent the power and influence of authority, whether through force (the warrior), containment (the religious figure), or sustenance (the peasant).

The present study aims to design a psychological program for self-management among high school teachers and to prepare a suitable scale for pre- and post-test assessments suitable for the local context based on the cognitive- behavioral theory for enhancing self-management skills. The researcher adopted the descriptive- analytical- constructive method. The study consisted of two main phases: the first involved preparing the initial version of the self-management scale and the second focused on designing the psychological program of self-management.
A scale was prepared to measure self-management including 34 items, with five alternatives for each item (Always, Often, Sometimes, Rarely, Never), distributed on three domains: emotions, cognitions, and behaviors. The scale was subsequently administered to a sample of high school teachers in the center of Duhok Governorate to obtain its psychometric properties, including validity and reliability, ensuring its appropriateness for practical application.
Furthermore, a psychological program for self-management was constructed, comprising 16 sessions in its final form, each session was 90 minutes covering the three self-management domains. The program included an introductory session and a concluding session. Each session was structured to include an introduction, specific behavioral objectives, theoretical content, practical exercises, homework assignments, and formative assessment procedures. The program content was reviewed by experts in educational and psychological sciences, and no session was omitted; all sessions got 100% agreement rate according to their feedback.
The study resulted in the preparation of a valid and reliable self- management scale suitable for application, as well as the construction of a psychological program appropriate for the teachers making it ready for implementation in the local environment. Consequently, several conclusions were drawn, and a set of conclusions, suggestions and recommendations.

The book “The Call for Global Islamic Resistance” is considered one of the most significant works in the history of extremist thought, due to several characteristics, most notably its encyclopedic nature. It presents a comprehensive and ready-to-implement plan for terrorists, both individuals and groups. The book has influenced several extremist organizations, most notably and dangerously, ISIS (Daesh). Its author, Abu Musab al-Suri (Mustafa Abdul Qadir), is regarded as one of the foremost and earliest leaders of modern terrorist organizations. The book was produced following over a quarter-century of field experience. This work is considered a vital document that reveals some of the psychological factors behind the formation of violent religious extremism discourse, primarily through the concept of an eschatological worldview. As for the research methodology, qualitative content analysis was adopted, as it is one of the methods used in discursive social psychology. This approach was deemed most suitable for dealing with such an important and voluminous document.

This This paper defines peer teaching as a teaching methodology in the context of ESL/EFL. It aims to demonstrate the relationship between the teacher and language learners in the classroom by overviewing the advantages, disadvantages, and challenges that washout peer teaching method effectively. The research study addresses Arthurson's themes, which include teaching skills, learning skills, student engagement and motivation, communication skills, preparation, and group work activities. The qualitative study hypothesizes whether or not the themes of peer teaching are statistically significant. The research instrument conducts a questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale to diagnose the descriptive data of peer teaching themes. Sixty-five EFL teachers from the University of Baghdad, University of Tikrit, and University of Soran in Iraq responded randomly. The findings of the quantitative research are of direct practical relevance. The peer teaching method applies to teaching skills (M = 3.58, SD = 1.027) and communication skills (M = 3.53, SD = 0.967) compared to the other themes. One-way ANOVA determines the statistical significance of the mean scores in the themes of peer teaching. Given this evidence, EFL teachers can track peer teaching because of its successful teaching outcome in teaching and communication skills to create a convenient environment for student interaction. The study suggests that novice teachers need to participate in extensive training courses in the future to ensure peer-teaching experience. It is crucial to investigate the learners' viewpoints towards this teaching method to reach valuable outcomes regarding students' experiences in EFL classrooms.

Love is a beautiful and complex concept that can have many different forms. One of its forms is love of nature. This love of nature stems from a fundamental understanding of our place within the ecosystem. We as human beings see nature as a good source for healing ourselves and recharge our energy. The aim of the current study is to investigate this concept in two short stories selected from Anderws’ book The Stories Mother Nature Told Her Children from an ecostylistic perspective. It also aims to make a contribution to the domains of ecology and stylistics by demonstrating how stylistic choices can be used to transmit a certain viewpoint about love of nature. The data are analyzed according to Stibbe (2015). The analysis reveals that the writer was able to depict the natural and human worlds as being intimately entwined due to the wealth of lexical resources. Moreover, a variety of stylistic devices are effectively employed to reflect the concept of love for nature in the data under scrutiny.

In literature, places frequently serve as more than just physical settings. They actively participate in the plot of the literary text and represent the historical, social, and cultural aspects of the inhabitants who live in them. In August Wilson's Radio Golf, Ester's house and Pittsburgh's Hill District are important locations that capture the struggles and lived experiences of African Americans. Instead of being blank backgrounds, these places are storied settings that are filled with cultural heritage and memory. This paper explores the conflict between erasure and remembrance in Hill District and Aunt Ester's house. As a neighborhood on the edge of change, Hill District is portrayed in the play as being in danger of being cut off from its historical roots by gentrification and economic development plans. On the other hand, Ester's house acts as a sacred, nearly mythical place that keeps spiritual continuity and decades of African American memory. It turns into a moral compass that forces characters to face their heritage before pursuing a future aim. This paper embraces the theory of the human geographer, Yi-Fu Tuan, showing how Wilson transforms places into archives of historical value by blending resistance into physical structures. This study highlights the value of cultural preservation in the face of displacement and contributes to current academic discussions in African American geographies, memory studies, and literary urbanism. Ultimately, by focusing on the Hill District and Ester's house, Radio Golf offers a deep reflection on how a place shapes its people's identity and collective memory.

Ziyarat Warith (ZW) is rightly considered a landmark in the Islamic legacy; however, it has not yet received its deserved attention in translation into English. Attempting to fill a gap in the literature, the present study examines how sacred symbolism in ZW is translated into English. Based on Tillich’s (2009) premise that symbols are an integral part of religious language, the inclusion of sacred symbolism in ZW is not accidental. Rather, it represents the archetype reflecting the Infallible Imam’s status. Therefore, it poses serious challenges for translators because of its deep connotations. This study aspires to achieve a twofold objective; firstly, to highlight the significance of sacred symbols in ZW according to Perrine's (1992), secondly, to detect how these symbols have been transferred into English. For the purposes of the study, three different translations by Ansariyan (2005), Kazmi (2014) and Qarai (2019) are examined in terms of the adopted translation strategies. Five selected extracts from ZW represent the data of study. It is hypothesized that translators will use explicitation to further clarify the original text. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed that sacred symbolism is mostly lost in translation when translators literally approached ZW. It is concluded that the complex nature of sacred symbolism demands being engaged with Shiite interpretation and exegesis to make the proper choice of translation strategy.

This study investigates how first language (L1) competence influences the phonological production of English liquid consonants /l/ and /r/ among Mandarin Chinese speakers. The research adopts an experimental acoustic-phonetic design supported by auditory analysis and perceptual judgment to examine pronunciation variation. Four Mandarin-speaking postgraduate learners of English participated in controlled minimal-pair production tasks in isolated and sentence-embedded forms. Guided by Flege’s (1995) Speech Learning Model (SLM), the study analyzed the extent to which L1 phonetic categories affect the acquisition of L2 sound contrasts. Findings show that participants generally produced the /l/ sound accurately, while the /r/ sound exhibited persistent distortions and substitutions due to the absence of a distinct /r/ phoneme in Mandarin. These difficulties increased when sounds appeared in full sentence contexts, indicating heavier phonological processing demands. The results demonstrate a clear influence of L1 interference on segmental accuracy in English pronunciation. The study highlights the necessity of implementing targeted phonological instruction to support Mandarin learners in overcoming persistent difficulties with the /r/ sound.