Al-Esraa university college journal for Engineering Sciences

The treated wastewater by industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) which commonly named (INGECO) in Al- Doura refinery suffers from highly sulphate concentrations that exceeding the EPA specified limits of (250 mg/L). Therefore, laboratory water quality historical data have been reviewed and analyzed to determine annual rate, maximum and peak sulphate concentrations that found to be (360 mg/L), (425 mg/L) and (550 mg/L) respectively, and by field inspection which has been done to specify the reasons of highly sulphate concentrations appeared in wastewater of most refinery process units, found that the maximum required sulphate remaining concentration should be not more than (10 mg/L) to use in energy units. In this study, about (78) samples have been taken from industrial wastewater and prepared for average, maximum and peak sulphate concentrations to use in ion exchange method by using strong base anion (Amberlite IRA402 OH) resin. Results obtained by using strong base anion resin refer to the optimum (dosage, mixing time and mixing speed) to use in sulphate removal for reuse purpose were (85 g/L, 30 min and 83 rpm), (70 g/L, 16 min and 75 rpm) and (100 g/L, 17 min and 80 rpm) for each of average, maximum and peak concentrations respectively. While for disposal purpose, were (0.56 g/L, 16 min and 100 rpm), (5.8 g/L, 10 min and 88 rpm), (8 g/L, 12 min and 70 rpm) respectively. The advantage of this method was achieving of highly sulphate removal, and inexpensive in treatment cost about (0.07 $US/m3) and (0.0007 $ US/m3) for reuse and disposal. The most important disadvantages are product saline solution so that it requires the disposal of additional costs.

The Arab-Islamic architecture is based on constants and variables. The first concerns spiritual
aspects (content) and the second concerns physical aspects (form) .. It changes according to the change
of time and needs and one of the most important features associated with the spiritual aspects of the
concept of compassion and it represents the general problem where it is linked as a feature of the fixed
spiritual aspects required for the rule of collective agreement in the main level of them and exciting
for individual self-emotion at the other level. The present research attempts to study the impact of the
spirit of the place adopted by the designer in the formulation of emotional character in the context
of contemporary Arab-Islamic architecture. The research problem has emerged as (the absence of a
theoretical concept of the impact of the spirit of the place on the emotional formulation of contemporary
Arab Islamic architecture). The aim of the research is to explore the patterns of influence of the spirit
of the place on the design level in the formulation of emotional attributes frameworks on the level of
reception and reading of the products of contemporary Arab-Islamic architecture. The hypothesis of the
research is (the effects of collective conscience affects all the vocabulary on the formulation of emotional
character in the products of Arab-Islamic architecture and the size of the impact depends on the nature
of the mechanism adopted by the designer in the architectural text).

In its first idea, this research aimed at the changes in housing since the thirties
of the last century resulting in the rapid increasing in population and life style
compared to the rapid development in contemporary building materials compatible
with the environment.
After a thorough study of housing and ways of living since ancient times ,
the shape of the open house unit towards interior such as the Baghdadi house
and its central courtyard, the changes takings place in it, and great acceleration of
population increase.
The study focused first on the suitability of vertical house in Iraq and the
aspects related to low residential building and their suitability for housing in Iraq.
the study dealt with planning, design behavioral and social considerations
and determinates in order to reach the highest possible vision in its suitability to the
standers of low virtual housing in Iraq affected by ancient legacies and social tradition.
The study also developed the planning and design sides in the field of
developing design flexibility to reduce the behavioral variables that the new Iraqis
society is going through.
Some comparisons were taken of local models in the designs of residential
building, as in the residential complex in Zayona - Baghdad and the residential
complex of Haifa street.

The study reaches a proposed for a new housing model that reflects the
suitability of low vertical housing in Iraq.

Architecture "is an expression of the way of life and the spirit of the ages and cultures in which
I grew up" as the buildings speak for themselves. While tourism is a scenario "to define a city to an
unfamiliar audience and acquire an identity for a citizen". Both architecture and tourism have been
linked together since time immemorial. Architecture was the main aspect of attracting crowds, while
tourism helped architecture survive the test of time as well as money. Both tourism and architecture
operate in a symbiotic manner to break the lack of familiarity with any culture and to provide the
original essence of the place, its culture and development. Accordingly, the research aimed to delve
into the role of iconic architecture in sustainable tourism development, by identifying the concept of
sustainable tourism development and the concept of iconic architecture and addressing the relationship

between them to solve the research problem that was defined by ((ambiguity of knowledge about the
role that iconic architecture plays as an effective tool in sustainable tourism development)]), And with
this the research objective was indicated ((finding a perception about the role that iconic architecture

plays in sustainable tourism development)], and defining the research hypothesis (the impact of
sustainable tourism development by iconic architecture as a tourist destination).

In the recent period, several design mechanisms have emerged related to the design of
internal spaces in architecture, specifically the museum spaces and associated with exhibitions,
and the most important of these scenographic mechanisms are clearly and significantly adopted
in the field of theater to design the stage and the scene that embodies the narrative vision and
the idea of the theater director and scenographic designer to express what the text wants from
Anecdotal expressing the objectives of the product of the text, therefore the research aimed to
delve into the effect of the scenography mechanism on the contemporary architectural inner
space theater, and after reviewing the previous studies, the research problem was identified
as "the lack of a theoretical conception describing the role of scenography in the narrative of
internal museum spaces by employing the internal space play." Marking the goal of the research
by (finding a theoretical concept describing the role of scenography in the narrative of the
internal museum spaces by employing the internal space drama), and defining and formulating
the research hypothesis affected by the contemporary architectural inner space narrative by
adopting certain patterns of the space drama by the mechanism of scenography.

For the purpose of evaluating the performance of the Al-Jadriya water project,
water samples were taken before and after the sedimentation basins to find out the

efficiency of the sedimentation ponds, as well as water samples were taken before
and after the filtration basins, to know the efficiency of the filtration basins by

conducting the following tests on them (Turbidity, TDS, TC, pH) to ensure that these
ponds work properly, It was found that the efficiency rate of sedimentation ponds
was 83%, which indicates the inefficiency of these ponds, as well as the inefficiency
of the fast and slow mixing phases due to the use of poor alum quality, as well as
the existence of maintenance problems for these ponds and the lack of rapid mixing
ponds. The efficiency rate of filter ponds was 93%. From these results it is possible
to conclude that the filters are working well. The water temperature changes

depended on the air temperature, and also the temperature did not change when

water moves between the plant units because all the units were opened and not

covered, except for the pressure filters where they were closed and thus there is no
significant effect of the water temperature on the water properties. Furthermore,
practically the pH values should range (6.5-8.5) and the values which was measured

were ranged (7-8), which is within the Iraqi determinants of drinking water. As for
the total dissolved substances (TDS), which considered as one of the characteristics

of the water and that did not have a direct effect on the drinking water, as it

showed the amount of dissolved salts present in the water and compares it with
Iraqi and international specifications.