Al-Fatih journal

This current research identifies the causes of marital problems for the Iraqi family in the current situation, and then finds out the proper solutions to address marital disputes in general.
To achieve this aim, the researchers conducted a survey questionnaire on a sample of families in Diyala Governorate (Baquba city) and a sample of judges and lawyers in a court and appeal in Baquba. After collecting information and reviewing the reasons that related to the topic, the final scale was formed, which included (31) items and distributed to the basic research sample of (150) (100) families and (50) judges and lawyers within the geographical area (Baqubah city), and the researchers find that the important causes of marital disagreements at the present time for the Iraqi family is:-
-Exaggerated jealousy and distrust.
-Financial destitution (poverty).
-Rapid opening up of social networks.
-Unemployment and lack of job opportunities.
- All laws give the husband absolute freedom to marry for the second time.
-The bad use of modern technologies such as the Net and social media that cause infidelity.
-Marriage of interest for each of the parties.
-Early marriage (for a girl).
- The general cultural difference between husband and wife.
As for appropriate solutions to deal with marital problems, the researchers suggested the following:
-Flexibility in the way of thinking that contributes to solving any problem encountered in marital life.
-Carrying the full responsibility of the spouses for dealing with problematic situations.
-Self and impulse control so that they do not clash with each other, which leads to the failure of the marriage.
-Working on changing the perceptions of parents about the foundations of the correct choice of spouses and the direction towards strengthening equal marriage.
-The media should have a more active role in raising awareness of the phenomenon of marital disputes.

The importance of research in providing sports service is evidenced by the use of brain-based learning strategy and its effect on learning the skill of peaceful basketball shooting for beginners.
As for the research problem, despite the success of special methods in learning in achieving some goals, it still needs to be developed according to modern techniques and strategies and also helps in saving time and effort, and the presence of weakness among beginners in performing some basic skills in basketball, so the researchers decided to study these The problem is through the application of the brain-based learning strategy and its effect on learning the skill of peaceful shooting with basketball for beginners.
The aim of the research is to identify the differences in the post test
The researchers touched on the theoretical side, previous studies, and the strategy of brain-based learning, the skill of pacifist correction with basketball, while the previous studies included two studies to support the research in scientific terms.
As for the research methodology and field procedures, the researchers followed the experimental method, and the two researchers chose the sample by the intentional method, and they are junior players from the Specialized Sports School for the Care of Sports Talent in the Baqubah district, knowing that they represent the research community and from a total of 9 schools in Iraq where the actual working schools were 7) Schools and the average number of players who attend training in each school are (14) players, and the number of players is (98) educated player in all of those schools for the ease of conducting the study. The researchers selected the experimental and control sample of (12) educated players, and they were divided by drawing lots. Morphological measurements and ages of the players, where the number of each group reached (6) players constituting 6.1% of the original community, and the researchers excluded (4) educated players who did not attend the test, and upon completion of the pre-tests, the main experiment was carried out on the members of the experimental group using the strategy The control group applied the used traditional method, and after completing the main experiment, the dimensional tests were conducted, and this section included the means and equipment The tools used, the pre and post tests, as well as the statistical methods.
Among the most important conclusions, the brain-based learning strategy on the experimental group showed a clear and significant improvement compared to the results of the control group.
The most important recommendations are to use the educational curriculum with a brain-based learning strategy and to activate it in basketball.

The art of theater has relied since its beginnings on the popular imagination, and dealt with various topics derived from the history and culture of peoples, and at the level of the Arab world, many theater writers tried to use literature and folklore in preparing their plays, and this was reflected in children's plays, because the folk story carries The element of adventure, suspense and diversity of characters. Therefore, the aim of this research is to identify the role of folk tales in developing the child's imagination in theatrical texts presented to children. In the second chapter, the two researchers dealt with introducing the folk story and how to employ it in theatrical work, and in the third chapter, the descriptive and analytical method was adopted and a tool for analysis derived from the indicators of the theoretical framework was adopted. The sample of the research was the play (The Lamp of Aladdin) by the author Ahmed Khalaf:
1- The use of the folk tale in theatrical texts directed at children contributes to the development of the child's imagination.
2-The folk tale moves the child to strange worlds that contribute to suspense and stir the child's imagination.
3-That theatrical texts directed at the child can be an addition to the educational aspect in the school to instill educational values.
The search was concluded with a list of sources.

The research aims to:
1- Shows the knowledge of scientific enlightenment for chemistry teachers for the third intermediate grade.
2- Disclosure of the extent of its inclusion in the chemistry textbook for the third intermediate grade scheduled by the Ministry of Education for its teaching.
3- Knowing the relationship between the scientific enlightenment of chemistry teachers for the third intermediate grade and the conceptual scientific culture of their students.
To achieve the research objectives, the descriptive research method was adopted, as the research community consisted of all chemistry teachers and their students for the third grade in the morning middle and high school daytime schools of the General Directorate of Education in the province of Najaf / Governorate Center from the academic year 2019/2020 AD and (20) teachers were chosen From the research sample i.e. (20%) from the community, and the student sample consisted in selecting (5) students randomly for each teacher from the student community, and the tools necessary for research and finding the psychometric characteristics were prepared for them, and the researcher built the following research tools:
First - The scientific enlightenment scale for chemistry teachers, consisting of (35) items of the multiple-choice type, after modifying a number of its items, its validity, psychometric properties and stability were verified as the coefficient of stability reached (0.87) using the Keoder and Richardson equation -20.
Second - The conceptual scientific culture test consisting of (15) items of the multiple-choice type with four alternatives was verified as a validity, its psychometric properties and its stability as the coefficient of stability reached (0.82) using the Keoder and Richardson equation -20, and as for the statistical methods, the arithmetic averages and percentages were adopted And the Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test for one independent sample, and the results showed:
Knowledge of scientific enlightenment for chemistry teachers is not at an educationally acceptable level.
The students ’poor ownership of the conceptual scientific culture.
- There is a strong direct correlation between the knowledge of scientific enlightenment among chemistry teachers and the conceptual scientific culture of students.
A number of conclusions, recommendations and proposals were reached.

The aim of the research is to employ the steps of David Merrill's model in teaching the biology curriculum in order to know its effect on the achievement of fifth-year students, and whether there is a development of their metacognitive skills. The research sample consisted of two groups (experimental and controlling) by (39) students in each group. To achieve the two research hypotheses, the researcher needed two tools: the first is to build an achievement test for the topics covered in the experiment. The number of its paragraphs reached (20), and the second is the preparation of a measure of metacognitive skills. It shall consist of (30) items. Both are multiple choice type. Factor honesty, degree of difficulty, discrimination and consistency were found. The results showed the superiority of the experimental group students who studied according to the steps of David Merrill's model over the students of the control group in the achievement and the metacognitive skills.
مشكلة الدراسة:

The current research aims to identify
1. Self-clarity among adolescents and adults according to two variables (age - gender), 2. Patience among adolescents and adults according to the two variables (age - gender), 3. The significance of statistical differences in self-clarity among adolescents and adults according to two variables (age - gender), 4. The significance of the statistical differences in patience among adolescents and adults according to the two variables (age - gender), 5. The significance of the correlation between self-clarity and patience among adolescents and adults. To achieve the objectives of this research, the researchers adopted the scale of "self-clarity" prepared by Campbell and others (Campbell et al, 1996), which consists of (12) items, and the scale of "patience" prepared by Kenneth (2003) wich consists of (28) items, after verifying Indicators of their sincerity and their psychological characteristics. The two internet search tools were applied to a sample of 410 adolescents and adults and the duration of the application continued for (5) days after the application was announced on the (Beige and Groups) website. After statistically processing the data obtained from the sample, the results showed the following: 1. Adolescents and adults in the age groups ((15-17), (18-20), (21-25)) possess a distinguished degree of self-clarity. Teens and adults of all age groups are patient. 3. Self-clarity and patience in the stages of adolescence and adulthood take an evolutionary path that continues with advancing age and in the interest of older age. 4. There is a positive and weak correlation between self-clarity and patience during adolescence and adulthood.

This study aimed to identify ways to improve the practice of servant leadership by the leaders in government secondary schools in the city of Buraidah from the viewpoint of female teachers. Where a simple random sample was chosen from the secondary school teachers in Buraidah. They reached (132) female teachers (9%) of the study population. The questionnaire was used to collect data، as the descriptive analytical method was used to achieve the study objectives.
The results of the study showed as follows:
- The reality of Buraidah’s government high school leaders practicing servant leadership from the teachers ’point of view was a great degree of practice، as the arithmetic average (3.77) reached a standard deviation (0.76).
- There are no statistically significant differences in the reality of the leaderships of government secondary schools for servant leadership in Buraydah City attributable to variables (years of service، number of training courses).
- That there is a degree of great importance on the proposals to improve the practice of female leaders for serving leadership in secondary government schools in Buraidah from the point of view of teachers، including raising awareness among school leaders about the concept of serving leadership.
Where the percentage of the quote was measured in the current study (14%) (Appendix 8) shows this.

The current research aims at identifying the effectiveness of virtual reality technology in the visual thinking of students of the College of Basic Education in Human Biology. For the purpose of verifying the objective of this research the researchers put the following zero hypothesis:.
-. There is no statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who will study according to virtual reality technology, and the average scores of the control group students who will study according to the traditional method of visual thinking test.
The researchers chose the experimental design with the partial control with the dimensional the visual reasoning test. The research sample was intentionally chosen from students of the College of Basic Education, Science Department, the first stage, as it reached (81) students, and the random selection is divided into section (A) consisting of (41) students to represent the experimental group, and section (B) consisting of (40) students to represent the control group. The two research groups were categorized in variables of (chronological age in months, the mark of biology subject in the sixth scientific grade, the test of previous knowledge in biology subject, and the test Raven (for intelligence), the Visual Thinking Test).
The scientific subject that will be taught for the two research groups has been determined based on the course of human biology by (11 lectures) for each group, where (11) plans were prepared for the experimental group and the same for the control group. To verify research hypothesis, The researchers prepared a visual reasoning test. For the human biology course, while the visual thinking test consisted of (25) items of the multiple choice type, and the psychometric and stability characteristics were calculated for test.
After the completion of the teaching for the two research groups the visual reasoning test were applied to the two research groups (experimental and control). The data were collected and statistically processed using the statistical software package (spss), where ((T-test) was used for two unequal samples.
Results indicated :
- There are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group students who studied human biology according to virtual reality technology, and the average scores of the control group students who
studied the same material in the traditional way in the visual thinking variable for the benefit of the experimental group students.
In light of the results, the researchers presented a number of recommendations and proposals.

The current research aimed at building a measure of cognitive and perceptual curiosity, The basic research sample consisted of (134) male and female students They were selected in a random, equal stratified manner, from the fifth year of middle school, from schools for the displaced in Erbil, for the academic year (2019-2020). Distributed in (8) preparatory schools, (4) of them for males and (4) for females, by (67) male and (67) female students. To achieve the research objectives, the research tool was built to measure cognitive and cognitive curiosity In its final form, it consisted of (40) positions, with four choices ranging from best (most curious) to least (least curious). The researchers verified the apparent, constructive and subjective validity of the tool The stability of the tool was also verified in two ways, the first being re-testing, and its stability factor was (0.83). And the second is by using the alpha - Cronbach equation whose value is (0.84), The data were treated statistically by using the simple correlation coefficient and (t) test for one sample and two independent samples And the (t) test for the significance of the correlation coefficient, and the results showed that the level of cognitive and cognitive curiosity among the sample members in general is low, and in light of the research results, a number of conclusions, recommendations and proposals were drawn up.

1-Knowing the level of self-deception of middle school students.
2- Identifying the degree of defeatist behavior of middle school students.
3-Identify the nature of the correlation between self-deception and defeatist behavior among middle school students.
The research sample consisted of (120) male and female students. A questionnaire was prepared to find out the level of self-deception and a questionnaire was prepared to find out the degree of defeatist behavior. The following results were shown:
1- Having a high degree of self-deception.
2- The defeatist behavior is above average.
3- There is a positive and statistically significant correlation between self-deception and defeatist behavior among middle school students.
From these results the researcher made a number of recommendations and suggestions, including:
The researcher recommends activating the role of educational counseling in schools by monitoring and diagnosing every disgraceful behavior and seeking to solve problems wisely and scientifically, and working on holding scientific and guiding seminars to discuss the behavioral disorders that some students suffer and clarify the reasons for their emergence, ways to reduce them and ways to treat them.
The researcher suggests conducting a study to investigate the reasons behind students' resorting to self-deception and their tendency to self-defeating behavior.

The aerobics course for the third stage is for female students only, and one of the most important objectives of this course is to develop motor performance so that it is characterized by smoothness and coordination that allows the student to perform movements and physical exercises skillfully, and also develops this physical fitness and mobility that gives the student the ability to continue aerobic exercises for this subject. Usually, training and exercise are among the most important reasons for excellence in fluid, consistent movement performance. So, we try in this research to apply the training method as it is characterized by the privacy of involving students in the lesson, each according to her ability and fitness through her own decision.
Through the researcher's experience and teaching this subject for several years, I noticed that the students are not equal in physical and movement capabilities to perform the exercises associated with the music that are usually practiced in practical aerobics lectures, which prompted her to think using a method through which the students can progress perfectly in performing the exercises and movements smoothly and consistently. In addition to that, the researcher chose the method of Training that is characterized by training each student or group of students according to their fitness and ability with the same exercise in terms of movement, but with different levels of intensity of performance and according to the types of aerobic exercises accompanying the music with the freedom for each student to follow any intensity that she can start or change when tired and perform exercises and movements according to the levels which allow the students to freely make the decision to perform during the lesson.
The research aims to use the training method and test its effect on the fluid performance and coordination of the movement from one exercise to another through the exercises accompanying the music in the aerobic subject among the third-stage students and in both exercises from standing and floor exercises.
As for the research hypotheses, they were represented by the presence of statistically significant differences between each of the following:
1. The test of the coordination of the pre- and post-lateral fluid performance, and the control and experimental groups, in both the standing exercises and the floor exercises, in favor of the post test.
2. Test the coordination of the dimensional fluidity performance of the control and experimental groups in the exercises tests of standing and floor exercises, in favor of the experimental group.
The experimental method was used in order to fit it with the research requirements. As for the research sample, the students of the third stage in the College of Basic Education at Diyala University. As for the research tests, the students were tested for performance of the exercises accompanying the music of both types of standing and ground exercises.
The most important findings of the research are: -
1- The training method has a clear effect on improving the level of coordinated performance of exercises associated with the music from standing and floor exercises better than in the used method.
2- The interaction of students and their active participation in decision-making during the lesson in the experimental group, as well as determining the frequency and intensity in practicing the exercises associated with music such as standing and floor exercises.
3- The work of the School of Aerobics was the easiest and more difficult to organize in the training method for the effective participation of the students and interest in the exercises.
As for the most important recommendations, they were: -
1- The use of the training method in the lessons of aerobics in general in each of the exercises associated with music, aside from the exercises of walking, jogging and rope skipping.
2- Using the training method in other stages and other practical materials for both sexes, due to the distinctive and effective results it has achieved.

The aim of the research is to identify the level of alexithymia (difficulty expressing feelings) and its relationship to withdrawal behavior(200 ) according to the gender variable. The research sample consisted of (students. A 90) students male and female students, including (110) paragraph in light of previous research and studies taking into account the principles of designing psychological measures, and the researcher( to measure the level of withdrawal(2005) adopted a scale (Al-Shammari) ( paragraph(54) behavior consisting of )
The researcher reached the following results:-

Middle school students suffer from axithymia, the ability to express feelings
Middle school students have some level of withdrawal behavior.
- There are statistically significant differences between students in axithymia, the weakness of the ability to express the commons according to the gender variable and in favor of females.
- There are no statistically significant differences between students in the level of withdrawal behavior according to the gender variable
There is a positive and statistically significant relationship between axithymia and the level of withdrawal behavior among intermediate school students.

Contra –Suggestion is considered one of the suggestions types and it represents a trend towards resistance of hinting through emphasize the self and independence in opinion ,thinking and convince and acceptance in what is introduces on the individual .According to what the world witnessing of technological and scientific advance and development such as in our society and spread of education among the people in the society and promote the human to a position suit him but some people still distinguished by fast believing in some matters depend on illogical base and are not truth at all ,thus they become the victims of events of conditions and events where they hanged with unseen powers or abilities that exceeds the reality limits and does not depend on their abilities .
This research aims to learn the following :
- The Contra –Suggestion of secondary school students .
- The difference in Contra –Suggestion of secondary school students according to gender variable ( male – female )
- The research sample (100) male and female students of secondary school and they were chosen in random way .
The validity is extracted by the external validity and the items were statistically analyzed according to their ability to distinguish and difficulty coefficient after it was shown to experts to approve its validity .
The consistency was measured by test and retest and after application of the scale on the research sample the data were determined statistically by use Pearson collaboration and T- test .
The research reached to the following :
• The students enjoyed Contra –Suggestion
• There are differences in Contra –Suggestion between males and females in Contra –Suggestion for the females .
In the light of the results the researchers the researcher :
• Held sessions and courses in the schools to explain the student with the surrounding matters and not to believe anything is said , emphasized on enjoy the independent personality of its own decision and not to imitate the others
• Encourage the students on cultural conversation to know the others

The current study aims at investigating The Effect of Artistic Snail Strategy on the Attainment in the Subject of plastic Art History among the Students of the Institute of Fine Arts. To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher put the following only null hypothesis: “There is no statistically significant difference between the average scores of the students of the only experimental group, before and after, in the course of the history of plastic art.
The current research was limited to the fourth stage students of the Fine Arts Department at the Institute of Fine Arts - Baqubah for boys, and the first semester of the 2017-2018 academic year in Diyala Governorate, Republic of Iraq.
The researcher adopted the experimental approach, because it is compatible with the nature of the research, as it is characterized by the ability to control the various factors affecting the phenomenon to be studied.
The researcher chose the Institute of Fine Arts for Boys - Morning Studies in Diyala - intentionally due to the researcher's ability to experiment without students feeling that, being among the educational staff.
Intentionally, the researcher chose the 28 students of the Fine Arts Department, representing the only experimental group, and the researcher did not exclude any of them for reasons of failure.
The results showed the superiority of the post-application over the pre-application with a higher arithmetic mean. Thus, the null hypothesis was rejected, and the researcher then reached a set of conclusions, recommendations, and proposals.

The present study aims to use the Rush model in constructing a psychopathic personality disorder scale of the preparatory school students. The researcher has constructed (48) items distributed into eight domains for measuring the psychopathic personality disorder according to the American psychiatric association's definition in the fourth diagnostic and statistical manual for psychological and mental disorders (dsm 5-’2013). The stratified random sampling method is used for selecting the sample of (300) students of scientific and humanistic specification from the Al-karkh directory (first-second- third). To verify these assumptions of this model, the researcher followed the following steps:
1- Mono- dimension: the factor analysis has been used for measuring the eight domains whereby only one meaningful interpreting factor for the scale has been obtained. The interpreting factor depends on the low limits (gitman), which considers the factor statistically significant when the optimal root can be interpreted equals or exceeds (1). (0.30) percentage or more is considered the percentage of the scale items' saturation in general factor according to the standard of (Guilford ) without excluding any item from the scale. This assumption has also been achieved by using the correlation between the item and the total score. Consequently, all items measure mono-dimensional traits on a level of significance (0.05) and a degree of freedom ( 298 ).
2- Matching the item to the model: the statistical program Rascal has omitted three items as matching the items with the model according to the Chi-square value at (0.05) because the value is higher than the tabulated chi-square value of (30.14).
3- The scale discrimination factor value of (0.783) approaches (1).
4- Scale independency achieves the objective measurement by using the Rush model; accordingly, no item of the scale has been excluded
For eliminating fractions and negative signs, the difficulty of items and individual abilities have been evaluated by changing the loget unit into a centesimal watt unit.

The aim of the current study is evaluating Arabic book for the second class intermediate from teachers and supervisors of the Arabic language point of view . The sample of this study includes 27 supervisors and 158 teachers from the original community research 1581 . The researchers adopted the descriptive approach because it is suitable with the research procedures through a questioner includes 90 paragraphs distributed on 6 fields , which it is distributed after finding believe and steadfastness . The researchers adopted parson coefficient of correlation , centric weight , center weight , statistical methods and percentage .

The study aims to identify Problems of Teaching Arabic Calligraphy for the Elementary Stage from the Viewpoint of Arabic Language Teachers. The researcher followed the descriptive approach (questionnaire). The questionnaire consists of (78) items divided into(6) areas dealing with a set of problems, namely:
1. Problems related to the teacher 16 items.
2. Problems related to the student 13 items.
3. Problems related to the school curriculum 11 items.
4. Problems related to teaching methods 14 items.
5. Problems related to the school environment 13 items.
6. Problems related to the calendar (11) paragraphs.
The researcher relied on the triple scale to answer the paragraphs of the questionnaire, which is (a major problem, a secondary problem, not a problem). The research sample consists of (44) male and female teachers, with(22) male and(22) female teachers. The sample was intentionally chosen and it is the primary schools in the Muqdadiya district(the center). The questionnaire was distributed to Arabic language teachers in the second semester of the academic year (2019/2020).
The researcher distributed the questionnaire to male and female teachers in the second semester of the academic year (2019/2020). The researcher used the following statistical methods: (the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, Alpha Cronbach). After analyzing the results and treating them statistically, the research reached a set of recommendations and proposals.

The current research aims to identify the following :-
1-The level of stressful life events for the students of Al-Miqdad College of Education.
2-The level of psychological stability among the students of Al-Miqdad College of Education.
3-The relationship between stressful life events and psychological stability among the students of Al-Miqdad College of Education.
4-The difference in the relationship between stressful life events and psychological stability of the students of Al-Miqdad College of Education based on the gender variable (males, females).
To achieve the objectives of the current research, the researcher adopted Al-Zubaidi’s scale (Al-Zubaidi, 2009) , which is composed of (27) items and binary alternatives to measure stressful life events. The researcher adopted Al- Khazraji’s scale (Khazraji 2006) of psychological stability which is consisted of (29) items and five alternatives to measure psychological stability. However, after carrying out the scales to the research sample, which covered 200 male and female students at Al-Miqdad College of Education , the outcomes indicated that the level of stressful life events was low and the level of psychological stability was high. Furthermore, the results revealed that the relationship between the two variables was good, and the results showed that there is a difference in the relationship between the two variables according to the gender variable.

This study aimes to identify whether there is an effect of some sports activities on developing physical characteristics and reducing aggressive behavior for students of the Institute of Fine Arts for Boys. The sample of the study consists of 30 students from the first stage students at the Institute of Fine Arts for Boys, who were chosen by the intentional class method. The researcher divided them into two groups (control and experimental) by 15 students for each group and the researcher used the experimental method in the study.
The researcher used 6 tests, 5 of which are physical tests to measure physical abilities and one test to measure aggressive behavior among students. The researcher also prepared a training program for sports activities in organized games to achieve the purposes of the research.. The study showed that there are significant differences with statistical significance on the effect of some sports activities on developing physical characteristics and reducing aggressive behavior among students of the Institute of Fine Arts for Boys.
The researcher has recommended the need to pay attention to the sports activities of organized games (football, handball, basketball, volleyball) and develop a special training program for them in order to develop students' physical abilities and focus on educational and behavioral goals when achieving educational goals. The researcher also recommended the necessity of conducting other
similar studies .

Setting a scale of negative thinking for students of College of Education for Human Sciences, designing an instructional program in modifying students' negative thinking, and identifying the effect of a program on modifying negative thinking among students. The research is limited to students of College of Education for Human Sciences, Department of History for the academic year 2017-2018. As for the research procedures, the researcher adopted the experimental design with two equal groups, and the research sample consisted of (60) male and female students, of (30) male and (30) female students, and (15) students for the experimental group and (15) female students for the control group. The search was done by the researcher Preparing a scale to measure negative thinking among students in the College of Education for Human Sciences and the scale consists of (40) items followed by alternatives (applicable to it to a very large extent, applicable to it to a large degree, applicable to it to a moderate degree, applicable to it to a small degree, applied to it to a very small degree, and was identified On the stability by re-testing method, (12) counseling sessions were prepared according to the cognitive-behavioral treatment of (Arn Beek) and (4) videos were taken from the Internet to crush negative thinking and to convert negative thinking into positive and treat negative thinking, thus the total number of sessions became (16) ) An advisory session, and the program was implemented from 2/20/2018 to 15 S / 4/2018, and the pre-test was conducted at the beginning of the period by applying the negative thinking scale as applied at the end of the mentioned period (post-test) and for the purpose of data processing, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group that was exposed to the program, and the results also showed that there are statistically significant differences between the scores Average scores of the two groups in the post-test according to the gender variable, which indicates a significant effect of the program in modifying the negative thinking of students of the College of Education for Human Sciences, and in light of the research results, the researcher recommended the use of the pilot program and the possibility of its application in schools and institutes, attention to dialogues, guiding discussions and presentation of some life situations Which contain negative thoughts and involve students in how to confront them, and the proposals included conducting a correlational study that clarifies the relationship between negative thinking, motivation and achievement.

The study aimed to identify the emotion and its relationship to the scoring accuracy from the penalty mark for the fourth stage students. The researcher used the descriptive approach in a way of appropriate correlative relations to the nature of the research problem, which means linking the variables with each other and identifying common factors, and it aims in general through the link to analyze the causes . The research included the research

The current research aimed to uncover the effect of problem-solving method on developing theatrical innovation among students of the Institute of Fine Arts - Fourth Stage / Department of Performing Arts / Institute of Fine Arts for Boys for the academic year (2019-2020 ).
The researcher used the experimental method with partial design . In order to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher adopted the method of problem solving in acting lessons to develop students' imagination, and chose one sample with two pre and post tests, where the number of the sample reached (20) students from the fourth stage because they are studying acting , which includes vocabulary on ( imagination and concentration ).
The researcher also prepared study plans with a problem-solving method for the purpose of applying them to the members of the experimental sample and measuring the results of the post-test for three vocabulary prescribed for the Department of Performing Arts, namely:
1- Focus.
2- Development of imagination.
3- Imagination and the ability to innovate.
The results of the research revealed an effect of problem-solving method in developing innovation and students' acquisition of new skills, which led to original and useful results in simulating actions required of students to embody them more convincingly than they were before the post-test.