Sumer Journal for Pure Science

Radiation causes damage in chromosomes (which are mainly responsible for the transmission of genetic traits from cell to cell and from generation to generation) by directly affecting the hereditary material (DNA and RNA), which in turn leads to physical or mental deformities in children from birth resulting from exposure to one Parent or both of them to ionizing radiation (perhaps during pregnancy for the mother). However, irradiation has many applications in the field of medicine through radiation therapy for cancer patients, and one of its types is proton therapy, which uses beams of protons directed at the cancerous tumor. In this research, the special effects on RNA, which is short for Ribonucleic Acid, or RNA, were studied by knowing the energy loss of proton beams and calculating the stopping power to reach an accurate understanding of how radiation affects RNA compounds and knowing the energy loss by determining the Bragg peak of these compounds. The current work employs the dielectric formalism, Quantum Oscillator (QO) was utilized to evaluate the chance of an energetic proton producing electronic excitations in a high biological interest sample, RNA, that was used to assess the probability that an active proton would produce electronic excitations in a sample. Where the Fortran 90 language (Fortran PowerStation 4.0.) was used to program all mathematical equations.

Hither the delay partial differential problems of order one are introduced. Here is swamped in proving some related theorems with its conditions which is supporting by remarks, and implementation. Also, some counter examples are given to show that the converse of some the presented theorems that have been proved may not be true. Finally, conclusion is given.

Electrostatic precipitators are widely used in recent times to get rid of dust particles suspended in the flue gases. This is done by applying high voltage to the precipitator electrodes of the type (wire - plate) immersed in air. A strongly non-uniform electric field is produced when a potential difference is applied to the electrodes. The performance and efficiency of ESPs depends mainly on the applied voltage and electric field distribution. In this work, a two-dimensional computer simulation was performed using COMSOL MultiPhysics software. The effect of different voltages (20, 25, 30, 35 kV) on the efficiency of the precipitator applied to the three inner electrodes was studied. The finite element method (FEM) was used to simulate the cross-section of the (plate wire) precipitators. It was observed through the results that the accumulated charged particles on the collector plates increase with the increase in the applied voltage, and thus the efficiency increases significantly, reaching 100% at the applied voltage of 30 and 35 kV.