Al-Fatih journal

The world is witnessing great developments in many fields, including the sports field, as it witnessed a development of technical performance in all sports and games and events at various levels, which led to accelerating learning processes and shortening its time. Rapid learning focuses on the extent of the learner’s interaction and preoccupation with the scientific material through a cooperative social process filled with With support and guidance from all the surrounding and available sources around it, the importance of the research was summarized by using skill exercises in a quick learning style for the female students in the College of Basic Education, which affect the physical-kinesthetic intelligence and the skill of long-distance transmission in badminton for the female students. Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences and the research procedures included the use of the physical-kinetic intelligence scale in addition to testing the transmission skill in badminton. College of Basic Education, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences The number of (13) female students represents 50% of the community of origin. The researchers reached the following conclusions:
1- The use of skill exercises in a quick learning style had a positive effect on the physical - kinesthetic intelligence and the skill of serving in badminton.
2- There were significant differences in the tests of the variables of the pre and post study in favor of the post choices.
The researchers recommended:
1- Adopting the rapid learning method in order for students to learn other basic skills in badminton.
2- The necessity of using the quick learning method within the teaching methods in the faculties of physical education and sports sciences.

The study aims to identify the effect of the Edelson model on the Improving of Reflective thinking skills in chemistry for the fifth scientific grade. The sample consisted of (61) students from the secondary school / The experimental group consisted of (31) students who were taught according to the Edelson model. The control group consisted of (30) students who were taught according to the usual method. The interpretation, the test, the foresight, the innovation and the criticism, which consists of (12) a paragraph of multiple choice which was applied to the sample on the basis of the research and found the truth and consistency. The results showed a statistically significant difference in favor of the experimental group , And recommended the researcher several recommendations and proposals.

The study aims to know the level of real self-development achieved among middle school students, and aims to diagnose the obstacles that cause weak self-development among middle school students. The researcher reviewed the previous studies and the theoretical framework, and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, the researcher built a tool consisting of three axes and (21) paragraphs. (2021-2022). After applying the tool, the results showed a decrease in the level of realizing self-development among female students, as well as the presence of a number of obstacles that represent the academic, psychological, family and social aspects that represent obstacles to their real self-development, as well as the presence of statistically significant differences. The academic class in favor of the third-grade students is an average compared to the second-grade intermediate students in the level of realistic self-development. In light of this concept, the researcher made a number of recommendations and suggestions.

" The current study aimed to prepare a proposed training program for mathematics teachers in accordance with the requirements of comprehensive quality. The researcher followed the descriptive and analytical approach being suitable for the objectives of the study. Training needs, defining the program’s goal, determining the program’s content, determining the operational plan, determining training methods, means and activities, and determining evaluation methods. The validity of the program was confirmed after being presented to a group of referees and specialists in the field of methods of teaching mathematics, educational psychology, measurement and evaluation. In light of the results of the study, a set of conclusions, recommendations and proposals were developed".

The research aims to know the effectiveness of teaching using TRIZ and TRAJEST models in the collection of history for fourth-grade literary students and their analytical thinking. The three are the first experimental group who study the history of Arab and Islamic civilization with the TRIZ model. The second experimental group who study with the TRAJEST model, and the control group who study the same material in the traditional way in the dimensional achievement test, (2). There is no statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the average scores of the students of the three research groups. The first experimental group is studying the history of Arab and Islamic civilization using the TRIZ model. The second experimental group is studying the using of the TRAJEST model, and the control group is studying the same material in the traditional way in the analytical thinking test. The research was determined with the students of the fourth literary grade for the academic year 2021/2022 AD by teaching them the topics of the first, second and third semesters of the subject history. The sample is consisted of (91) female students which is divided into three groups. The researcher followed the experimental research method. The two research tools were represented by the achievement test whose number reached (40) test items of the type of multiple choice. The second tool was the analytical thinking test whose number of paragraphs (28) paragraphs, and the apparent validity of the two tools was extracted through the opinions of experts with a percentage of agreement (80%), and the stability of the two tools through the Facronbach equation, which amounted to (85%) for the achievement test and (84%) for analytical thinking, and through the statistical package for social sciences). The results of the research showed the superiority of the students of the two experimental groups who studied the subjects of the history of Arab and Islamic civilization with the TRIZ model and the TRAJEST model over the control group students who studied the same subject in the traditional way in the post-achievement test and the analytical thinking test. From the results of the research, the researcher concluded the steps of TRIZ model and TRAJEST model have categorized the ideas presented to the students of the two experimental groups into very interesting ideas, which made their academic achievement and their analytical thinking is better than the achievement and analytical thinking of the students of the control group who studied the same subject in the traditional way. From the results and conclusions of the research, the researcher recommends holding training courses for teachers of the subject of the history of Arab Islamic civilization during the summer vacation, or during seasonal or annual training by training them on the steps of the TRIZ model (TRIZ) and the TRAJEST model, in order to raise giving a higher level in the achievement of their students and their analytical thinking in the subject of the history of Arab-Islamic civilization. The researcher suggested conducting future studies on other study stages and other dependent variable

Research Summary
The aim of the current research is to reveal the level of personality traits that the kindergarten students have. To achieve the objectives of the research, the personality trait scale was applied, which was built by the researcher after verifying the indications of charity and stability on the study sample, which consisted of (300) female students from the Kindergarten Department at the University of Baghdad and Al-Mustansiriya University. The personality of the female students was average, and the results showed that the most common personality traits among the students was the conscientiousness trait, the extraversion trait, followed by the openness trait, the harmony trait, and finally the neurotic trait. The results also indicated that there were no differences in personality traits due to the variable of the academic stage except (extraversion trait) and in favor of the fourth stage. In the end, the results were discussed in the light of the theoretical framework and previous studies, and some recommendations and suggestions were reached based on the findings of the study.

The study aims to identify the teaching competencies of university professors from the university students' point of view, as it followed the descriptive survey approach (questionnaire), to identify the levels of teaching competencies of university professors from the university students' point of view.
It is also to identify the statistical significance differences in the teaching competencies of university professors from the university students' point of view.
The questionnaire consists of (26) items, on teaching competencies, divided into four fields (Personality, Scientific and professional mastery, Human relations, Evaluation of activities). The researchers relied on the five-point Likert scale to answer the items (strongly agree - agree - agree to some extent - disagree - strongly disagree) to determine the teaching competencies among university professors. The research sample consisted of (40) male and female university students. The sample has been chosen for the academic year (2020/2021). The researchers utilized the following statistical tools including : T-Test for two independent samples, percentage, standard deviation, and arithmetic mean.
After analyzing the results statistically , they showed that the teaching competencies of university professors, in all their fields, are high. The results also showed that the teaching competencies of university professors, as there are differences in their responses according to gender, and they came in favor of the female students. The study is summed up with a set of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

To achieve this purpose, the researcher has followed the descriptive analytical approach in his research, and he has chosen the research community and its sample in an intentional method “General Directorate of Education / Baghdad / al-Rusafa/third” for the academic year (2020-2021). The sample includes (70) male and female teachers, that is, (35) male teachers and (35) female teachers teaching the Arabic language in primary Schools. The researcher has used a questionnaire of attitudes scale paragraphs; the questionnaire includes 30 paragraphs in its final form. The researcher has relied on extracting the apparent reliability by presenting these paragraphs to a group of experts and arbitrators in the Arabic language curriculums and its teaching methods, measurement and evaluation as to show their opinion about the reliability of these paragraphs and to express their opinions thereon. The researcher has relied on the Five-point Likert scale that includes five levels since it is characterized with accuracy, comprehensiveness and stability; the researcher has used appropriate statistical methods in his research.
The results of the research have showed as follows: There is a variance in the answers of the research sample (teachers) to the paragraphs of the questionnaire towards teachers' attitudes in using the electronic educational platform.
Paragraph (1) has got first rank (1), which is: (I consider that learning through the electronic educational platform is a necessity for every teacher), while Paragraph (4) ranked (2), which is: (I consider that the use of the electronic educational platform is one of the modern basics of technologies in teaching).
While the variation in the answers of the research sample of (female teachers) on the paragraphs of the questionnaire towards attitudes of female teachers in using the electronic educational platform has showed the following:
Paragraph (14) has got first rank (1), which is: (I consider that the usual method of teaching gives better results than teaching using the electronic educational platform), while paragraph (21) ranked (2), which is: (I consider that the electronic educational platform helps reminding me the subject that I teach.)
This indicates that there is no statistically significant difference at the significance level (0.05) between the average answers of (male and female teachers), about challenges they confront by using the electronic educational platform in the primary stage.
From what has been mentioned above, the researcher concludes that the electronic educational platform contributes into creating an interactive environment by which the educational process essential elements are attracted during the electronic lesson .
In the current study , the researcher recommends to necessarily have male and female teachers of Arabic language enter into developmental and qualification courses on the optimal use of electronic communication programs and other electronic educational platforms.
The researcher suggests conducting several studies similar study to the current research in the (intermediate and elementary ) stages.

The current study aims to identify the effect of the flexible groups strategy on achievement and the development of critical thinking among scientific- branch of fourth-grade students in Arabic grammar. The researcher adopted the steps of the experimental approach and used a partially controlled design for two groups, namely experimental and control groups, with a pre- and post-test. The sample has been chosen intentionally. However, the groups have been selected randomly by (32) students in the experimental group and (33) in the control group. To achieve the goal of the study, the researcher prepared the study’s requirements and means by determining the scientific material, identifying the behavioral goals according to Bloom’s classification of the cognitive domain, as well as preparing the teaching plans for the experimental group according to flexible groups strategy and teaching plans for the control group.
The researcher prepared the achievement test, which consists of ((40)) items of the multiple choice type , and the critical thinking test consisting of (45) items according to the skills identified by Watson - and Glaser for critical thinking. After applying the experiment and using the specific statistical means, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average of the two groups and in favor of the experimental group, in which the students who studied the material according to the flexible groups strategy and the development of critical thinking.

The current study aims to identify the degree of employing mobile leaning apps to enhance deep learning skills among princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University students in Saudi Arabia. The research followed the descriptive method, the sample consists (51) undergraduate students from education college which who register in the eLearning course in second semester in 2022 academic year. To achieve study aims, the researcher trained the students on the processes to use Myu App in education activities and get the benefit of the app such as discussion and communication forum. To asses the students deep learning skills the researcher prepared questionnaire tool to measured the deep learning skills, consisting of four axes: seeking meaning, relating ideas, use of evidence, and interest in ideas. In addition, the study tool were interviews which open ended questions to explore the student’s perception’s toward mobile learning apps. The results show the students have a high degree of employment of the mobile learning application for deep learning skills in four axes: seeking meaning, relating ideas, use of evidence, and interest in ideas. The interview results demonstrate that students generally reported: a positive attitude regarding the use of mobile learning app (MyU) , the students’ performance was better and their learning skills, interaction improved as well as their confidence increased.

The current research aims to identify the degree of educational counselor practice of counseling skills in light of e-learning and to know the correlation between the variables (gender, years of service, academic achievement) on the degree of practice of counseling skills among educational counselors. Simple randomization distributed to primary and secondary schools affiliated to the General Directorate of Education in Diyala. The results indicated that educational counselors have the capabilities to practice counseling skills, as the sample average reached (65,95), which is higher than the hypothetical average of the list of practices of (52). Also, the results showed that there are significant differences Statistical between males and females on the list of practices and the results did not show statistically significant differences for the two variables (years of service and academic achievement).

The research aims is to identify the effectiveness of the expert’s mantle strategy in the achievement of fourth grade students in science in biology. The research sample included two groups, one of which was the experimental group and the number of its students was (31) students, and the other represented the control group and the number of its students was (32) students. By random drawing method the researchers chose (Kutha Preparatory School for Boys) from the research community represented by the secondary and middle schools which are affiliated to the Directorate of Education of Babylon Governorate / Kutha District. The researchers chose the experimental design to control the research variables, and before starting the experiment, the researchers rewarded the two research groups for the purpose of obtaining an accurate results with the following variables: (chronological age calculated in months, previous achievement of students, and Daniels test of intelligence). After making parity between the two research groups, the researchers prepared the requirements of the application of plans, objectives and tests for the two research groups, and after completing the application of the experiment, the researchers applied their research tool to the two research groups. Two researchers had data for the two research groups, as those data were processed statistically by (t-test) for two independent samples. The results showed that the experimental group outperformed the control group students according to the expert’s cloak strategy in an academic achievement .

The current research aims to measure violence against the teacher in secondary schools, and from the viewpoint of the teachers themselves, the sample consisted of (200) teachers in the intermediate, preparatory and secondary schools for the day schools. Including (100) male teachers and (100) female teachers were randomly selected from the included schools, and the scale of violence against the teacher was built according to Freud's Theory, and it was found that the sample of the research assert that they have violence by students and their families, and that male teachers have more violence from students than female teachers, and the research has led to a set of conclusions, recommendations, and suggestions.

The current research aims to know the emotional awareness of university students, and used the descriptive research method, and the research community is determined by the students of Diyala University for the academic year (2021-2022 AD). The College of Education for Human Sciences, the College of Islamic Sciences, the College of Basic Education, the College of Agriculture, the College of Science, and the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences) with a number of (200) male and (200) female students. To achieve the research objectives, the researchers relied on the emotional awareness scale of (Raja 2018). Implemented according to the theory and definition (Golman, 2005), The apparent validity, the construct validity, and the reliability were checked by retesting; The reliability coefficient was (0.70), while the tool’s stability coefficient was (0.82) by Alpha Cronbach’s method. To treat the research data, the researchers used the SPSS statistical package to extract (the t-test for one sample, the following test for two independent samples, and the Pearson correlation coefficient). The results showed that university students have a high emotional awareness, and in light of the results of the research, the researchers presented a number of recommendations and suggestions.

The current research aims at (The Effectiveness of Wheatley Model in Developing Reading Skills among First Intermedate Female Students in Subject of Reading). To achieve the aims of the research, the researcher adopted the experimental design and the pre-test and post-test of two experimental and control groups. The current research was limited to one of the secondary schools in the District of Baqubah (Al-Athra Secondary School). The researcher randomly selected it to conduct the experiment and in the same way the researcher chose section (A) to represent the experimental group that studied the subject of reading according to Wheatley Model and section (B) to represent the control group that studied subject of reading in the normal way. The research sample amounted to (56) female students randomly distributed to two groups about (28) female students in each group. The researcher was equaled between the two groups in some variables (intelligence; chronological age of the female students; grades of the subject of Arabic language for the previous academic year; degrees of language ability; pre-test scores) The researcher identified the topics of reading that will be studied during the experiment, formulated behavioral goals, and prepared teaching plans to measure the extent to which the reading skills of the students of the two research groups are developed. The researcher prepared a test for this purpose that she applied before and after the experiment. In order to analyze the research data, the appropriate statistical means were used for it, and after collecting the data statistically, the researcher reached the following: The existence of a statistically significant difference at the level of (0.05) between the average scores of the students of the experimental group and the average scores of the control group and in the favour of the experimental group in the development of reading skills in subject of reading. In the light of the result of the research, the researcher concluded: that teaching using the Whitley model has an impact on the development of reading skills of students better than teaching in the usual way. The researcher mentioned some recommendations, including: the need to adopt the Wheatley model in teaching subject of reading and suggested to conduct similar studies on other classrooms.

Research Summary: This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the effect of the Round Robin strategy on the achievement of first-grade intermediate students in Arabic grammar ، between the average scores of the students of the experimental group who study the Arabic grammar subject with the Round Robin strategy, or the average scores of the students of the control group who study the same subject in the traditional way in the post-achievement test prepared by the researchers. The experimental and control groups on the achievement test, and the researchers chose the schools of Diyala Governorate to be their research community, and they chose the medium of prosperity to be a sample for research, as the research sample amounted to 60 female students, 30 to the experimental group, and 30 to the control group, and the research reached results, the most important of which is the superiority of the experimental group over the control group in the collection of grammar Arabic.

The current research aims to identify:
1- Defensive pessimism among kindergarten teachers.
2- Defensive pessimism among kindergarten teachers according to the social status variable (married - single - widow - divorced), and according to the service variable.
Research limits: The current research is determined by kindergarten teachers in Baghdad governorate for the academic year (2021-2022). Scales locally and in the Arab world (to the knowledge of the researcher), as well as the lack of a foreign scale codified on the Arab environment that is suitable for the current research community. To achieve these goals, it was necessary to resort and building it by the researcher. The scale, in its final form, consists of (35) items, with five alternatives (applies to me completely, applies to me a lot, applies to me to a moderate degree, applies to me a little, and does not apply to me at all) and with weights (5-4-3-2-1). The highest score for the scale is (175) and the lowest score is (35), with a hypothetical average of (105). In light of the research results, the researcher concludes the following:
- The research sample kindergarten teachers have defensive pessimism in a high way
- It was found from the results of the research that there is no statistically significant difference in relation to the social status variable and the service variable.

The research aimed at designing an educational sessions based on cognitive reconstruction style according to the cognitive theory for developing motor fluency and learning serving in table tennis. The researcher hypothesized that the educational sessions have a positive effect on the development of motor fluency and serving skill learning in table tennis. The researcher used the experimental method with two equal groups and pre and posttests to achieve the aims of the study. The subjects were (36) 1st grade secondary school students from Al Jolan Secondary school. The subjects were divided into two groups; experimental and controlling groups. The researcher concluded that cognitive restructuration style has a positive effect on the development of motor fluency and serving skill learning in table tennis. Finally the researcher recommended using this style in learning motor skills, especially serving, as well as benefiting from the advantages of this style in learning basic skills in table tennis

The current research aims to know (the role of educational techniques and aids in the educational process and its obstacles from the point of view of teachers), hypotheses,
1. There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the responses of the sample members about the importance of using techniques and teaching aids in education according to the variable of gender, academic qualification and years of service from the teachers' point of view.
2. There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the responses of the sample members about the obstacles to the use of techniques and teaching aids in education according to the variable of gender, academic qualification and years of service from the teachers' point of view.
so the researcher used the descriptive approach in the survey method on a sample of (30) male and female teachers in Hehabb district in the two schools (Hebheb Elementary School for Boys) and (Toledo Primary School). For the second semester of the academic year (2016-2017 AD), the researcher prepared a questionnaire for this and after distributing, collecting and unloading data and processing them statistically, the researcher reached the most important conclusions, including: The educational technologies and satellites are the auxiliary tools through which the teacher can facilitate his task, improve it and perform it to the fullest. It helps students to develop their higher actual abilities. And the new educational techniques and means may be more beneficial than the traditional (synthetic) educational method because modern techniques and educational means work to attract attention, suspense and motivation towards learning more .
The researcher recommended the following: It is necessary for
teachers to know the specifications of techniques and teaching aids to be able to use them in teaching their students .
The researcher suggested the necessity of conducting a study through which it is possible to identify the impact of the use of techniques and teaching aids in teaching scientific and literary subjects in primary, middle, secondary and preparatory schools.

One of the main objectives to learn English language is for purposes of communication through which information, ideas and feeling are communicated, viewpoints are expressed, topics are negotiated and emotions are evoked in effective conversations. However, making fluent as well as accurate conversations may be affected by a variety of factors, among which are motivational goals towards which learners exert effort and consequently achieve better academic outcomes. Accordingly, the current study is designed to investigate the correlation between EFL learners' achievement goal orientation and their level of conversational skills. The sample of the study is represented by 300 EFL students at the departments of English in three colleges of education (college of education, University of Diyala, college of education, Ibn Rushd, University of Baghdad, and college of education, university of Wasit). After collecting data to be analyzed, results have revealed a positive significant correlation between participants' achievement goal orientation and their level of conversational skills.

The research aimed to inspect the effect of pair-work on EFL learning writing. Since, writing has been getting more attention recently, and It has found that writing skill has lastly been acknowledged as an essential ability for language learning. It also investigated whether learners who keenly participated during the pair -work activities showed improvement in the production of the EFL writing forms. Forty-four EFL Iraqi students were taken in this study. They accomplished the pair of writing composition activities as part of their regularly scheduled English classes at the Iraqi EFL second intermediate school. The findings indicated that learners who had more participation during the pair – work of composition writing activity demonstrated improvement in the production of the EFL composition forms , even though they did not recognize the activities are useful for learning language.