Al-Fatih journal

Rushana Sidek Muhamed
Abstract :
This study aims at finding out the Effect of Round House diagram Strategy on seventh basic class female pupils achievements in science subject and developing their attitudes towards the environment. This can be achieved through investigating the two null hypothesis of the research .The sample of the study consisted of (67) female pupils of grade seven in the morning basic schools in Erbil center. They were selected randomly to represent the research two groups, the experimental and the controlling after conducting the samples equalization in a group of the variables. The experimental group was taught by the round house strategy while the controlling group was taught by the traditional method of teaching. The achievement of the research objectives requires constructing two tools, the first was an achievement test consisting of (51) items of multiple choice types. After verifying its validity and discriminating force, and calculating its stability with the Kudor Richardson-20 it reached (0.87). In addition, a scale of the trend towards the environment has been prepared and it consisted of (37) items. The scale was applied after confirming its validity and its discriminating strength and its stability by re-testing (0.87). The results showed the following:-
1- There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups for the benefit of the experimental group, thus rejecting the null hypothesis and accepting the alternative hypothesis in the achievement test.
2- there was a statistical significance difference between the experimental group scores and the average score of the control group and for the benefit of the experimental group in the development of the trend towards the environment, thus rejecting the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis . The two researchers came out with a number of recommendations, including instructing preparation and training unit to organize training courses for biology teachers about the update methods of teaching biology including the round house strategy of teaching. A number of suggestions were proposed , including conducting a comparative study between the teaching of the House strategy and some of the methods of structural teaching, such as educational cube strategy and the strategy of the seven lines to find out their effectt on the pupils' achievements in different levels and subjects.

Abstract :
The subject of Arabic language was the centerpiece of the researchers' studies in the areas of teaching and learning particularly in written composition. They considered written composition as the core through which an individual connect with a group and express what he wants. It is one of the important goals in teaching Arabic language. It helps pupils to increase their success rates. Thus, this study aims to construct a scale that is accurate, objective and consistent to test writings of pupils at primary school. Also, the scale helps teachers to correct these writings and to give the pupils their marks without bais. The researchers construct a scale to correct written compositions through a number of stages, these are;
The first stage: Collecting information through the researchers' knowledge of literature and previous studies in different stages of study.
The second stage: Preparing the items of the scale: The researchers distributed the items of the scale according to fields which were 12 fields and there are about 2-7 items.
The third stage: Distributing the grades of the items: They distributed the grades to the items of the scale according to their importance. The researchers distributed the grades equally 2 grades for each item.
The fourth stage: Writing the key for correcting the scale: They write a key for correcting and it is divided into the domains and items of the scale in an accurate and objective way.
It is worth mentioning that the researchers make use of literature in determining the items of the scale. They encourage other researchers in field of education to make use of this scale as well as the evaluation and diagnosis of the pupils' writings in the lesson of written composition.

Abstract:
The study aimed to identify the level of political alienation among university students, the nature of the attitude toward immigration they have, and the significance of differences depending on variables of gender, area of study and location of housing, and the nature of the relationship between political alienation and the attitude towards immigration. The study sample included 327 male and female students who were chosen at random from the colleges of Arts and Sciences at University of Salah- Alddin-Erbil. The study relied on two tools which are the measure of politicall alienation and the attitude towards migration. The tools were developed by the researchers.
The data was processed using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient and the t-test for one sample and two independent samples. The results showed that there is a high level of political alienation, and no significant differences in the political alienation that can be attributed to the variables of gender, area of study, and location of housing. It turns out that the university students' attitudes towards immigration were negative, and the results revealed an absence of significant differences in the attitude towards immigration depending on the variables of gender and area of study. While the results indicated a significant difference in the attitude of emigration is due to the variable of the location of housing, and for the benefit of students who live in the city center.

Abstract :
The Fine Arts Education has been interested in preparing a conscious generation concerning the works of arts in theoretical or practical field. Although the difficulties facing the teachers and students of fine arts like there no halls for drawing in many schools and necessary tools for fine arts, but the Directorate of School Activities still make Fine Arts Exhibitions like drawing and hand-crafts. The researcher by observing and seeing these exhibitions diagnosed some distinguished works with great fine art capabilities especially drawing with oil colors by seeing that some paintings had different techniques like realism, expressionism, and impressionism … and others of fine arts schools.

The researcher limited the goal of the study by identifying the characteristics of student's drawings at Preparatory stage according to Fine Arts Schools. A sample of (6) distinguished art works were chosen belonging to these schools. The chapters of this research included identifying the Fine Arts Schools that are dominant in drawings at Preparatory Stages and the characteristics of each school. The researcher relied on the descriptive method to analyze the drawings the sample of study. The researcher depended on a ready tool from a previous published research for the researchers (Khadim Murshid and Fatima Lateef).

In chapter four, these drawings were analyzed and the researcher reached to some results:
1. The appearance of the aspect of repetition and not using the rules of perspective drawing, transparency, and change in huge percentages within these schools.

2. The appearance of some aspects but with weak percentages like assumption theory (beneficial) and also the change appeared in weak percentages in realism schools.
The researcher recommended the following:
1. Preparing a theoretical material in the lesson of drawing including the word of fine arts characteristics.

2. Giving interest and care of art talents and suppling them with theoretical and practical curriculum to develop this talent.
The study was concluded with a number of references and bibliographies.

Abstract :
Abstract:Agreeableness trait is regarded in a framework that organizes personality. It refers to the individual differences, where it reveals differences in congruence and helping and standing with the individual who needs assistance besides putting their interest before his interest. The rational, emotional and behavioral counseling style achieves its goals in interference with several techniques. From these are the debating technique and the modeling technique that lead to reducing the negative behaviors by acquiring a daily realistic philosophy in life. However, Ellis states that an individual has intuitive and acquired tendencies to imitate others in their thoughts and behaviors and choose the good logical rational models that he follows consciously or unconsciously. The present research aims at measuring agreeableness and knowing the effectiveness of the counseling interference by using the debating and the modeling techniques in developing agreeableness of female teachers in kindergartens through testing the following hypotheses:
- There are no statistically differences among the mean grades the female teachers in the three groups (first experimental, second experimental and the control) in measuring agreeableness in the delayed post-administering of the debating and modeling techniques. As for the limitations of the research, it is limited to female teachers in Baghdad (Al-Rusafa the third) in the academic year 2014/2015, where the interference is according to the theoretical framework and techniques of the rational emotive behavioral counseling theory, namely, debating technique and modeling technique. As for the variable that the researcher wants to develop, it is agreeableness according to Costa and McCrae (1992). However, the psychometric properties have been ascertained like indicators of validity and reliability and using the two extreme samples. The researcher has administered the scale of agreeableness on (400) teachers where the equalization between the members of the two experimental groups and the controlled one whose number is (15) teachers in each group according to age, educational achievement and in the scale of agreeableness. However, (12) sessions have been done, three sessions per week for each technique, lasted for (45) minutes each. The statistical means that are used are chi square, t-test for one sample, t-test for two independent samples, Pearson correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test. The results show that there are statistical differences for the benefit of the two experimental groups, which have been treated by the two counseling techniques (debating and modeling) when tested before and after intervention in comparison with the controlled group which did not receive any intervention. As for the result of the follow-up test, it is found out that the debating technique is so successful because it induces the teacher's motivation for changing and develops agreeableness, but it needs an appropriate conditions that make the teacher feels her value and active role to ensure its effectiveness. Finally, the researcher has put forward some recommendations and suggestions.

Abstract :
The study aims to identify the training needs of science teachers in the secondary stage in light of Marzano's model of learning dimensions in planning, implementation and evaluation, to identify its importance from the sample point of view, which was represented by specialists in methods of teaching , supervisors and science teachers and to verify the Statistical significant differences in the importance of those needs from the point of view of the sample according to the nature of her work, and to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive approach and specified the study population. The study sample in the original community was for the specialists and supervisors and a random sample of teachers, and then a questionnaire with the training needs of science teachers was designed In the light of Marzano model, it was codified, then applied on the study sample, and then the data obtained was analyzed using: arithmetical averages, and Standard deviations, Univariate Analysis, Levein Testing, and Dunnett C testing. One of the most important results was the identification of the training needs of science teachers of the (57) skills distributed as follows: planning (20) skills, implementation (25) skills, evaluation (12) Skills, all the skills were important from the point of view total Sample. The study made some recommendations, some of which: making use of the results of the study In the implementing of these training needs in the design of programs and training courses for Science teachers during service.

Abstract :
The use of traditional methods, strategies and teaching methods has been unable to cope with the changes that the world is undergoing today because it is dominated by un experienced, indoctrination and deaf preservation. Through the researcher's long experience in teaching and the questionnaire distributed to the physics teachers there appeared weakness in the achievement and skills of their science processes and a slight tendency towards physics for the second grade intermediate. Therefore, the researcher adopted a modern strategy in teaching away from indoctrination, which is the integration of modern technologies that can be available in schools such as computers, data show, CDs, video clips, the web, and the usual method, so-called integrated learning, may be a solution to this problem.
The aim of the research is to identify the effect of learning built into the achievement of the second grade students in physics and to develop the skills of their science process and their tendency toward physics. Three research hypotheses were formulated, and the number of students in the research sample was( 60) students and (30) students for both experimental and control groups were selected randomly. The researcher prepared a qualitative test of the type of objective test and the type of multiple choice with four alternatives. The results indicated a statistically significant difference between the two groups of research in achievement, development of the skills of the science processes, the tendency towards physics and the validity of the experimental group. The researcher came out with a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions.

Abstract:
The problem of research is that every child has the freedom to choose games that he plays without the intervention of adults, but some parents and teachers force children to play certain games and leave other games on the pretext of not suitable for their age or the level of family culture. As a result, there is no knowledge and expertise of interested institutions and concerned with the child about the most popular games of children.
Playing is one of the most important methods for the young to understand the world or the environment surrounding them and the way of self-expression because it allows the use of senses and mind and allows the child to discover the world around him and to understand the environment and know himself, as he develops his abilities and skills of thinking by practicing different colors of playing interacting with his materials and tools and learn the culture of his community and its language to be helpful to him to interact and communicate with the outside world around him, the child cannot distinguish between playing and work, and playing has different types and the proportion of time allocated to each of them does not depend only on the age of the child, but on his sex , the health condition and pleasure obtained from each type. And the child discovers through trial and error that some types of games that the selected lead to satisfactory results as opposed to others that lead to his unsatisfactory results. The child by repeating to play accepted and satisfactory games and accepted by others, it quickly becomes his most favorite to him and begins to set rules of conduct for him. The research aimed to detect the most popular games of kindergartens children (the commercial the cultural)) – (the imaginal the representational) depending on the variable of gender and stage. And to know the most favorite cultural games of kindergarten children depending on the gender variable and stage, and to know more representative games of kindergarten children depending on the gender variable and stage.
The research sample included (475) children, boys and girls, (177) males and (298) females for the academic year 2016-2017. The researcher used a questionnaire to reach the objectives of the research after extracting its validity and stability and the coefficient of stability reached (0,85). The researcher used the percentage weight of the apparent validity for the questionnaire items, and also extracting the ratio of circulation of games preference (commercial, imaginal), chi-square test to extract the differences in the degree of games preference (commercial, imaginal), and Spearman correlation coefficient to extract the persistence of the questionnaire. The research found the following results: (There are differences in the preference of kindergarten children games, that the children always prefer the most popular games or commercial games, which help their nerves and muscles to relax and second place games are building games and (the imaginary games) got the last place, and that all kindergarten children are equal In the degree of preference for the three games, whether in terms of gender or age stage), and the researcher presented a number of suggestions and recommendations in terms of research.

Counseling Department
Abstract:
The present research aims at knowing the effect of using the role-playing technique in reducing the social withdrawal of preparatory stage female students. In order to achieve this aim, the researcher has tested the following null hypotheses:
1. There are no statistically significant differences at (0.05) time the average grades and social withdrawal of the control group in the pretest and posttest.
2. There are no statistically significant differences (0.05) time the average grades and social withdrawal experimental group in the pretest and posttest.
3. There are no statistically significant differences at (0.05) times the average grades and social withdrawal of the two groups (experimental and control) in Valuable posttest.In order to test the hypotheses of the research, the researcher uses the (design of two groups: experimental and controlled). However, the sample of the study consists of (20) preparatory stage female students who have scored more than (30) on the scale of social withdrawal. They are randomly distributed on two groups (experimental and controlled), (10) students on each one, where the equalization has been done between the two groups in a number of variables that have relation with the dependent variable.
1- Using the scale of social withdrawal according the theory of Caren Horney which consists of (30) items. The validity of the items has been ascertained logically through exposing them on a number of experts and then analyzing them statistically by using the methods of two extreme groups and the relation of the item with the total grades of the scale. In order to ascertain the reliability of the scale, the researcher uses the re-test method, where it is (0,788) and by using Alpha- Cronbach, where it is (0,725). The researcher has administered the scale on a sample consists of (400) female orphan students from the intermediate stage in order to detect the students who have pessimism.
2- Constructing acounseling program to reduce the social withdrawal of preparatory stage female students according to the technique of role-playing where the sessions of the program are (10) counseling sessions, two sessions per week, (45) minutes for each one.The researcher uses the statistical package in treating the data of her study. However, the researcher has arrived at the following results:
1. There are statistically significant differences at (0.05) time the average grades and social withdrawal of the control group in the pretest and posttest.
2. There are statistically significant differences (0.05) time the average grades and social withdrawal experimental group in the pretest and posttest.
3. There are statistically significant differences at (0.05) times the average grades and social withdrawal of the two groups (experimental and control) in Valuable posttest.
Finally, the researcher has put forward a number of recommendations and suggestions.

Abstract
The objective of the current research is to identify the relationship between family violence and aggressive behavior among secondary school students by verifying the following hypothesis: - There are no statistically significant differences at the level of (0.05) between the average grade of secondary students on the scale Domestic violence, and the average of female students on the scale of aggressive behavior).
The study sample consisted of (200) female students of secondary schools belonging to the General Directorate of Diyala Governorate, in the city of Baquba, Diyala Governorate, for the academic year 2016-2017. The researcher applied the family violence measure which she prepared, consisting of (20) The researcher used correlation coefficient Pearson and T-Test in the statistical bag for social sciences (SPSS)in ordeder to extract the results of the research.
The study found statistically significant differences at the level of (0,05) between the average score of female students on the scale of domestic violence, their scores on the aggressive behavior scale and the measure of aggressive behavior, indicating a relationship between domestic violence and aggressive behavior among secondary school students .

Abstract :
Emotional balance is one of the important psychological concepts in all games, including volleyball and because its effective role in controlling emotions of the player in different positions, which are exposed to him/her during training and competition and its relationship to performance skills. So the researchers studied the emotional balance relationship with service and ace skills in volleyball. The researchers have used a descriptive method on a sample of Diyala Education Volleyball for preparatory schools including (16) players for the academic year 2016 - 2017. The researchers have concluded that there is a correlation relationship between the emotional balance and service and ace skills in Volleyball.

Abstract :
Distinctive education is an educational system that aims at achieving similar educational outcomes with various procedures, operations and tools that suit the variations and differences among the students in talents, characteristics, tendencies, individual differences and previous experiences. It stresses on the teacher's need to pay attention to the importance of individual differences of the students and their different needs as well as achieving the adaptation with the topics of curriculum which the teacher has to maintain.
In the field of education, there is a continuous call for to pay attention to the characteristics of students, their learning background, environment, tendencies, methods of learning by their teachers. Arabic language teacher has the task of teaching Arabic properly so that the students can use it in their professional and social life, especially, in universities.
This urged the researcher to choose this topic and investigate the level of teaching staff attention in the department of Arabic language to the distinction among their students during teaching the important branches of Arabic. The present study aims at investigating The Level of Using Distinctive Education by Teaching Staff Members in the Department of Arabic Language – College of Basic Education during Teaching the Branches of Arabic. To check the aim of the study, the researcher followed the descriptive methodology. The study community consisted of the teaching staff members of Arabic who teach the branches of Arabic. The sample of the study was chosen deliberately and consisted of 12 teachers from the department of Arabic language. The study tool was a questionnaire prepared by the researcher. The researcher adopted the following statistical devices: arithmetic mean, Pearson correlation coefficient, weighted mean, and percentage. The result that the researcher reached at was that the staff member in question used distinctive learning. In the light of the results of the study, the researcher recommended that the student teachers in the universities should be trained on distinctive education. The researcher also suggested conducting similar studies on different educational stages like preparatory stage.

Abstract :
This research aims at knowing the effect of using the analysis method in the achievement of fifth class secondary students at Eloquence by using the null hypothesis. The researchers limited their work on fifth class students of Diyala province using the experimental design of equal groups.
The research sample consists of 120 students classified into four groups in two different schools; one for boys and the other for girls with two groups for each school, one is experimental that studied in accordance to the analysis method and the other is controlling that studied in accordance to the usual standard method.
A state of equality was applied on the four groups in two different schools. This research demanded the use of a test that measures the effect of using the analysis method in order to calculate the students' achievements. This was presented to a group of specialists in order to prove its apparent sincerity and then was applied on a pilot group to be sure of its validity.
The stability coefficient of this research reached (0.80). The statistical data was treated by the T-test for two independent groups, and the results show the excellence of the experimental group that studied the analysis method over the controlling group that studied in accordance to the usual standard method in students' achievement at eloquence.

Abstract :
The present study aims at investigating the utilization of letters in developing drawing skill among the female students of intermediate stage. To achieve the aims of the study, the researcher put the following null hypothesis: " there are no statistically significant differences on the function level 0.05 in the average of the seven sequential posttests in the skill of drawing between the two experimental groups taught using the utilization of English letters and the control group taught in the conventional way.
The study was limited to the students of the intermediate stage, first grade, the academic year 2016-2017, utilizing English letters in developing drawing skill. The researcher chose the experimental methodology to achieve the aim of the study. The study community consisted of the female students of the intermediate stage. Choosing randomly, Um Slalama Intermediate for Girls represented the community. Section A represented the experimental group and consisted of 40 students and section B represented the control group and consisted of 40 students. After utilizing the letters in developing the skill of drawing , analyzing the seven drawings of each student, using the tool identified by the researcher, and using the proper statistical devices, the results proved prevailing the experimental group over the control group.
The researcher reached the conclusion that utilizing English letters is a successful approach in developing the skill of drawing among the female students of the experimental group, and the attempt to train the female students of the study community on utilizing this drawing technique. It is recommended to urge the teachers and students to invent other techniques based on the idea of the study. The researcher ended the study with a group of recommendations like conducting a similar study on male students or other communities as well as building an integrated program on using student development techniques in any community.

Abstract :
The following researcher aims at studying the effect of active learning strategies (think ,combine and participate ) in the achievement of the students of the college of Basic Education in psychology . The sample of the study is composed of two experimental groups with 45 girl and boy students , and a controlling group with 46 girl and boy students . The researcher used the achievement test as a tool for the present study and it consists of 40 items . The researcher showed a statistical difference in favor of the experimental group who studied in accordance to the strategy of active learning .
The researcher had reached to the following conclusions
1- The efficiency of active learning strategy in raising the level of the students achievement in psychology .
2- Using active learning strategy raises the motivation of the students continuously .
3- Using active learning strategy leads to reveal the ideas of the students among each other , increasing there by their self-trust .
4- Active learning strategy achieves what modern education tries to do by making the students the center of the teaching process .

Abstract :
The present research , entitled The Effect of the Generating Questions Strategy on the Achievement and Memorization of Secondary Stage Students in Literature and Poetry , aims at verifying the following hypotheses:
1- There is no significant difference at the level (0.05) between the marks of the pre and post tests of the students in the experimental group who were taught literature and poetry by using the generating questions strategy.
2- There is no significant difference at the level (0.05) between the marks of the pre and post tests of the students in the experimental group who were taught literature and poetry by using the generating questions strategy and the marks of the post test of the students in the control group who were taught according to the traditional method.
3- There is no significant difference at the level (0.05) between the marks of memorization test between the experimental group who was taught literature and poetry by using the generating questions strategy and the marks of the control group according to the traditional method.
The researcher applied the experimental approach in their research. The sample included (56) students distributed into (28) students in the experimental group and (28) students in the control group. They conducted equation of several variables, which are : the marks of the last year (2015-2016), the educational level of the parents, the ages in months, and the marks of the post test of the two groups. The researchers had taught (7) topics of literature and poetry in the experiment after preparing teaching plans. A sample of these plans was exposed to a number of experts and judges and it was accepted with (80%) percent . At the end of the experiment , the researchers conducted the post test and , after three weeks, the memorizing test on both groups of the experiment.
The researchers arrived at the following findings:
The exceed of the experimental group who was taught according to the generating questions strategy on the control group according to the traditional method. In the light of the present research results , the researchers recommended to the necessity of using the generating questions strategy in teaching fourth secondary stage students literature and poetry and they suggested to conduct a study like the present one in teaching other topics such as readings, grammar, and dictation.

Abstract :
The present study aims at:
1. Identify the extent to which the students of the faculty of basic education hava ameasure of motivation for achievement .
2. There was no statistically significant difference (0.05) between the scores of students in the motivation scale for achievement according to gender variable .
3. Identify the extent to which the students of the faculty of basic education hava ameasure of anxiety from shock.
4. There was no statistically significant difference (0.05) between the scores of students on the scale of anxiety according to gender variable.
5. To find the relationship between the measure of motivation for achievement and the anxiety of trauma among students of the faculty of basic education.
The population of the present study was (3642) students of Diyala University/ College of basic education. The study sample consists of (320) students. To achieve the aims of the study, the researcher used two tools, they are:
1. Shock anxiety scale prepared by the researcher.
2. Motivation for achievement scale constructed by the researcher based on the previous studies.
Two types of validity were verified:
1. Face validity by exposing the research to a group of specialized experts.
2. Construct validity in the light of discrimination power, correlation coefficient for each item with the whole degree for the two scales, also measuring the correlation of each item with the dimension that is related to in the shock anxiety scale.
The reliability of the scales was calculated by different ways. The items of shock anxiety scale were (15) item where he items of motivation for achievement scale were (18) item.
The researcher applied the two scales on the sample of the study then collects and manipulates data by using another test then using Person correlation coefficient and t-test formula to reach the final results.
The results show that:
1. The members of the research sample hava the motivation to accomplish .
2. There were statistically significant differences between the average performance of males and the average females performance on the scale of motivation for achievement in favor of females .
3. The members of the research sample hava The Anxiety from Shock
4. There was astatistically significant negative correlation (0.05) between motivation for achievement and trauma anxiety.

Abstract :
Football is one of the most popular games all over the world. As such, it gained a special consideration locally and internationally, as it took the advantages of several skills that motivate the people who in turn approached it abundantly. This study aims to know the effect of using mind storming in learning some basic skills of football for second class intermediate students as the researchers find second class students somehow weak in these skills as they used to learn in accordance to the traditional methods.
The researchers used the experimental approach as it suits the research and the statement of the problem. The sample of the study contains 78 students of the second class intermediate school and were divided randomly into group –A- as the controlling group that contains (38) students and section –B- as the experimental group that contains (40) students with 18 teaching units for nine weeks.
Using the post-test statistically, the researchers reached to the following conclusion that showed the excellence of the experimental group which were taught in accordance to the mind thinking technique over the controlling group which were taught in accordance to the general method of teaching and developing the scientific skills.
The researchers recommended to use the mind storming approach as it is the best method in achieving the methods that the researchers applied and developing the scientific thinking, beside its great effect in learning the basic skills in a short time and with a little effort.