Al-iraqia University The college of law and political science journal

In Article (96) of the effective Real Estate Registration Law, many legal barriers that may be related to the real estate or to the owners of real estate rights have been mentioned. In fact, the effect of these legal barriers is varies, some of which prevent the incoming behavior from being registrated on the property. Other, prevent the enforcement of these actions. The act can be registrated in the presence of the barrier, but this behavior does not produce its effects on others. Despite this, death, which can be classified as one of the obstacles related to the owners of real estate rights, it was not considered one of the obstacles that may prevent the registration of real estate actions. Including those transferring ownership that is not considered an argument against all except by the availability of a certain formality specified by law, which is registration in the Real Estate Registration Department.Eventually. The owner of the property is prohibited from using his right. Therefore, the required formality is not completed due to death.

The technical progress in public transportation was accompanied by the emergence of a new type of crime distinguished by specific characteristics and marked by a high level of danger and precision in organization. This progress facilitated their commission and led to an increase in the severity of the consequences resulting from acts endangering the safety of these means and their users. Consequently, modern criminal policy has sought to criminalize behavior that would expose the safety of public transportation to harm, as well as behavior that may expose it to danger. Moreover, The legislator has also recently issued instructions that include the necessity of following certain security, and this criminalization is one of the late Abstract danger ,st punitive thought.

Is the result of the legislative development that has recently appeared on many contractual formulas that did not exist in practice, and in all areas of life, especially in the field of tourism, so the time sharing system appeared, which allows the beneficiaries to benefit and spend holidays and vacations in tourist resorts or religious places, which requires research and study of this contractual system and its compatibility with the legal provisions stable in the general rules, whether in the theory of the contract or in the named contracts. And highlight the role of protective rules in protecting the consumer beneficiary, choosing the appropriate law and closest to his interest, and excluding other laws that harm his interest if they are imposed on him by the owner of the company or the usufruct right.

The phenomenon of absence of members of the Parliament in Iraq

And its impact on controlling sessions



The member of the Representative Council constitutes the main key to moving the legislative authority, through the main roles assigned to him, whether at the national level as a representative of the nation, or through his local role as the product of his constituency that brought him to the parliamentary seat, and all of this is for the sake of parliamentary performance that pushes the legislative institution to The imam is to embody its independence, and at the same time constitutes a recognition of the value of the members at the legal level.



However, on the realistic level, the phenomenon of absence is observed, which has cast a shadow over the legislative institution. The seats of the Representative Council have become vacant during discussions and during voting. This is all due to the control of the executive authority, in addition to the absence of deterrent legal texts that force members of the Representative Council to attend.



Hence the importance of the research we are dealing with, in the necessity of the representative’s commitment to the tasks entrusted to him, of which the duty of attendance is one of the most prominent, important and valuable, as this duty is the foundation from which all other parliamentary duties emerge.

This article aims to study the issue of regulating the digital field through the rules of private law and ethical charters. Issues related to public law are outside the scope of this study. The study sheds light on the development of the issue at the level of the European Union, as it compares regulation according to legal rules and ethical regulation through Codes of ethics related to the topic. The descriptive approach is used to describe the evolving legal framework at the European Union level, as well as the ethical charters related to the digital field. The article also uses the historical approach to know the history and development of the issue at the European level, and the research concludes with a set of results centered around the European Union’s seriousness in providing an integrated and rapidly developing legal framework for the digital field. The European Union bodies interact around the digital field and their efforts harmonize with the problem of the unique international space in the field of digital law, through upgrading the rules of private law in member states.

The constitutions differed in addressing the principle of social solidarity, as well as the constitutional judiciary and jurisprudence differed in determining its legal value, and despite this difference, there is no denying the importance of this principle, as it has an important role in the realization of human rights and their actions, as it is based on many rights, especially the social and economic rights enjoyed by the individual collectively, as well as its important role in building and Developing Societies in a manner that contributes to ensuring the welfare of citizens by ensuring the realization of individual rights and freedoms through the policies followed by the state, and this confirms its importance in building a more just state and in fairness.

The attention of our research, tagged with (the legal model of the crime of normalization with the Zionist entity), was directed to many aspects closely related to the political and social reality. Criminal activity and the general concepts of the crime of normalization were achieved, and we also touched on the criminalization contained in the Penal Code No. 111 of 1969 for the crime of normalization in Article 201, and what aroused our interest in the matter is that the law defines gradual penalties, but rather singles out the act and makes its punishment death, and one of the basic matters that our study focused on It is the development of a legal model for the crime of normalization, starting with the development of general concepts of the crime and its legal basis, and then clarifying its elements, the penalties resulting from it, and its scope of application. He did not specify the type of punishment imposed, and the text was absolute on all punitive texts, and we recommended the legislator to abolish life imprisonment and keep the death penalty exclusively for the categories mentioned in Article (9) of the law in question. It is not possible for the legal status of the President of the Republic to be equal when he rises By belonging to any institution of the Zionist entity with a citizen who does not have any job, both of them are subject to the death penalty or life imprisonment.

Constitutional protection is one of the lofty goals that societies pursue to ensure that its members enjoy equal rights and freedoms. Therefore, this research reviewed the most important constitutional principles which apply to guarantee the right to education. In accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Iraq of 2005, there are the principle of the rule of law and the principle of equal opportunities. In addition to explaining the texts of the various Iraqi legislations related to the field of research ، Through analysis of legislative texts ، highlighting its weaknesses and strengths. The research concluded that education is a basic human right. As we as, the main factor in ensuring and knowing his rights. It also concluded with several proposals، the most important of which is: Repeal any legislative provisions or administrative instructions that involve any discrimination in education، In addition، the difference in treatment between citizens is based on need or merit With regard to school fees or granting scholarships، Or by issuing licenses and providing the necessary facilities to pursue study abroad.

War and humanity are two words that are not equal and do not meet. War is conflict and destruction, and humanity is mercy and harmony. If war has been a human tendency since the beginning of man’s life on earth, fighting should not be resorted to if necessary to repel aggression. Conflict should not continue if signs of peace occur. If war breaks out, do not give up on peace. Hearts are compassionate and humane, so prisoners must prefer food to their need.

Rather, it came out of fear of God and His punishment, based on the principles of international humanitarian law, which were established in the Martinez Condition and stipulated by international norms. This is because of the role that international norms play in establishing the principles of international humanitarian law, working to respect it among the countries of the world, and based on the importance of the role of custom in establishing the principles. International humanitarian law

Since his arrival to power in Russia, Vladimir Putin and the other decisionmakers has been planning for regaining the Russian international prestige. This vision has been guided by Russian thinkers who theorize the possibility of dealing with the geopolitical crises of the country after the collapse of the Soviet Union (SU) and the shifting to the unipolarity led by the United States (US). The vacuum of post-SU era resulted in regional and international competitions due to the strategic traits of the Eurasian region and its peripheries. This study aims to explore the causal relationship between place and politics.

In Morocco, the King represents the Commander of the Faithful, who is surrounded by holiness and has an unparalleled legal position. He is the supreme representative of the Moroccan nation, the symbol of its unity and sovereignty, and the guarantor of the permanence and continuation of the state through the presence of the royal institution that extends for many decades. He is the protector of the homeland and ensures that the constitution is respected and implemented according to a vision drawn up through the presence of A deeply rooted royal institution, it works to preserve the rights and freedoms of citizens, groups, bodies, and civil and civil organizations. It is the guarantor of the independence of the country and the possession of the Kingdom of Morocco. This status that the king enjoys stems from his honorable lineage to the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and the basis of his person and exercise of authority on the existence of the pledge of allegiance and consensus

In Morocco, the King represents the Commander of the Faithful, who is surrounded by holiness and has an unparalleled legal position. He is the supreme representative of the Moroccan nation, the symbol of its unity and sovereignty, and the guarantor of the permanence and continuation of the state through the presence of the royal institution that extends for many decades. He is the protector of the homeland and ensures that the constitution is respected and implemented according to a vision drawn up through the presence of A deeply rooted royal institution, it works to preserve the rights and freedoms of citizens, groups, bodies, and civil and civil organizations. It is the guarantor of the independence of the country and the possession of the Kingdom of Morocco. This status that the king enjoys stems from his honorable lineage to the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and the basis of his person and exercise of authority on the existence of the pledge of allegiance and consensus

The technological development and the entry of electronic technology, the World Wide Web (Internet), the computer and the services associated with it in people's lives are close to long distances, making the world a small village and the possibility of communication in light of the modern high-quality means of communication (Facebook, Twitter, Viber, ....) And this led to the persistence of intruders, criminals, terrorist groups, and those with bad and malicious intentions from directly using this electronic technology to attack with electronic crimes that affect the essence of national security in Iraq by spying on Military plans or access to security plans and other sensitive matters, as they affect the private life of individuals, and can stir up sectarian and religious strife and spread rumors and terrorist ideas. Therefore, government intervention is required in order to reduce these crimes through a series of strategies that aim first to raise awareness. And secondly, through legal legislation that works to preserve rights and freedoms and enhance Iraqi national security.

The concept of development is one of the modern concepts that has sparked widespread controversy among researchers regarding its connotations and assumptions. The importance of this term lies because it addresses many of the general foundations and foundations that push human societies towards advancement,progress,achieving sustainable development ,strengthening the capabilities of the political system, and political participation and political development in its reality are an essential element. For stability and human and social development.

Political development is a process that includes building institutions, expanding the base of political participation, and rationalizing the assumption of power with the aim of achieving political stability, which means that political development mainly aims to build a political system and carry out modernization processes on it so that it becomes a modern, developed system or thus transformed from a totalitarian system to a democratic system.

Since 2003, Iraq has embarked on a process of comprehensive modernization of its structures and institutions in order to achieve political development and create a democratic structure that moves political life from its formal framework to the field of real practice, thus contributing to building a state of modern institutions.

However, this process faced a number of challenges and obstacles, such as the political challenges represented by (the challenge of state building, the fragility of the institutional structure, and the state of political instability), while the social and economic challenges formed another dimension that is more intertwined with the political aspects, so that they collectively constitute challenges to achieving or reaching the goals. Political development.

Achieving political development in Iraq in its relative form came as a result of the presence of the factor of relative political stability first, and then the presence of the real will and transparency to achieve political development second.

Political development cannot be achieved unless there is political stability and cooperation between the segments of society with their various ideas and orientations. There is no development without security, and on the other hand, there is no political stability without political development.

The Iranian nuclear program is one of the elements of the Iranian power, which has striven to continue developing it in various ways and means and harnessing a large part of its resources and capabilities.

This program reaches advanced stages. Where Iran realizes that in light of its presence in the middle of a regional field in which many countries reject it and its policy, the nuclear program remains an important deterrent factor in directing the regional and international policies that these countries seek to impose on Iran to limit its role and influence regionally and internationally.

With decades of imposing economic and political sanctions on Iran because of the continued development of its nuclear program despite the relentless international and regional efforts to stop it.

The Iranian economy suffered a lot of damage to its, standard of living, and the Iranian per capita income, and it is afraid to reach uncontrollable levels and increase protests against the economic and political conditions in Iran are deteriorating, so the latter has sought to reach an agreement an effective nuclear weapon that reduces the severity of the international sanctions imposed on it, especially with the advent of a new US administration (led by Joe Biden which It seeks from the same approach to reach a solution to Iran's nuclear program, that what it found Iran is a good opportunity to improve the Iranian interior and economy and to lift a number of sanctions that have burdened it Iran, which allows it to exercise a more effective role and influence at the regional and international levels.

The study of public policies is very important, especially when they are linked to comprehensive development, and perhaps Vietnam is one of those countries that was distinguished by providing a role model for a country that was able to harness its internal capabilities according to a thoughtful government work program to be in the ranks of advanced Asian countries and impose itself as an industrial country that everyone desires as part of development. Comprehensively, the government of this country seeks in the future to find itself among the Asian map of first-tier countries in competition with Japan, South Korea, and China, which preceded it in this field. In addition to its ability to imitate the models of these countries at the level of development and transform them into local systems that are applied to an effective degree to maintain the level of development and growth. Economic stability, which was reflected in the stability of society in general.