Al-Fatih journal

The study aims at identifying the effect of using molecular representation strategy of the substance in visual thinking skills for the fourth scientific preparatory students in chemistry. The sample of the study consists of (67) students selected from fourth scientific preparatory students and they have been distributed to the experimental groups (34) and a control group (33). The two groups were equivalent in :( previous information variables , chronological age in months , the rate of students scores in the previous year in chemistry , mental capacity, and visual thinking test. To achieve the aim of the current study, an instructional material has been prepared according molecular representation strategy, and the test of visual thinking skills which determined by (shape recognition skills , shape analysis skill, the skill of linking between relationships, the skill of ambiguity interpretation in visual form, extracting meanings skill).
It consisted of (44) items, after accounting the psychometric characteristics for both tests, the data were statistically accessed using SPSS as statistical program, the results showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the students of the experimental group who are taught according molecular representation strategy for the substance and the students of the control group who are taught according the traditional way, visual thinking skills in favor of the experimental group. Thus, the researcher recommends in adopting the molecular representation strategy for the substance in teaching chemistry, and he suggests further studies for different stages and for different subjects to check the effect of visual thinking skill.

The study aims at finding out "The Effect of Circular House Strategy on the Achievement of Second Intermediate Students in Arabic." The researcher set the following null hypothesis:
- There are no statistically significant differences on the level of (0.05) between the average scores of students who are taught Arabic via the circular house strategy and those who are taught in the traditional method.
The study sample comprised of (60) second intermediate male students who are deliberately selected from Tariq bin Zeyad Secondary School/ Diyala General Directorate of Education. The sample is randomly divided into two groups; one of them is experimental of (30) students who are taught grammar of Arabic according to Circular house strategy, which comprised students in group (B), while the second is a controlling group of (30) students who are taught in the traditional method, comprising of students in group (A). The researcher himself has taught both groups,statistical tools to analyze the data, including: (test Altaúa for two independent samples and equal (T-test), and Chi-square (Ca 2) and the Pearson correlation coefficient.The study results showed the supremacy of experimental group students who are taught in the circular house strategy over students in the controlling group who are taught in the traditional method.

In the first section of the study, the two researchers dealt with the scientific development taking place in the field of dynamic learning that is going hand in hand with the multiplicity of methods and styles followed in the learning process as well as tackling on of the methods of measuring dynamic learning, that is, the re-learning method, in addition to dealing with handball. The problem of the paper lies in the issue that there is a clear cut deficiency in the performance level in passing and shooting in handball which resulting in the inability of female players to reach mastery level as well as requiring lots of time and effort in learning. The paper aims at setting trainings in the serial and random styles in order to master the skills of passing and shooting in handball among first intermediate female students.
Section two, then, is allotted to methods of dynamic learning (serial and random), and saved effort (re-learning). The third section comprised the study methodology along with its field procedures as the researchers adopted the experimental method due to its suitability to the problem and aims of the study. Sample of the study is randomly selected of first intermediate female students comprising of (30) female students. In section four, the researchers focused on exposing, analyzing and discussing the study results that are identified by the researchers in the pre-test, the first and second post-tests as well as finding out saved effort. While section five is including conclusions and recommendations of the study. The most significant conclusions are: the re-learning approach provided saved effort in learning the skills of passing and shooting in handball among first intermediate female students

This paper aims at identifying the effect of two teaching models on developing reading comprehension among first intermediate school students. For the sake of achieving this aim, the researcher adopted an experimental design of partial adjustment which is the design of (two first and second experimental groups) and (pre and post tests).
The sample of the study comprised (52) male first intermediate year students who are studying in Alwathiq Secondary school, Khalis Directorate of Education/ Diyala Province who are randomly distributed into two experimental groups of (26) students each. The first experimental group is taught according to Suchman model, while the second experimental group is taught via using Thelen model. The researcher, then, matched between students of both groups in the variables of (students' periodic age, fathers' academic achievement, mothers' academic achievement, pre reading comprehension test, and language proficiency test).
Moreover, the researcher tried to adjust some intruding variables which might influence such type of experimental designs according to previous literature and past studies. After specifying the topics to be taught, which included certain topics extracted from the reading comprehension book designed for first intermediate school students in a total number of (8) headings, the researcher has set (eight) lesson plans for the first experimental group according to Suchman model, as well as other (eight) lesson plans for the second experimental group in light of Thelen model. She has also set an objective reading comprehension test comprising of (30) multiple choice and essay items, she verified its validity, the recognition power in its items and their difficulty coefficient.
Furthermore, via using Chi Square in data analysis, the study led to the following result:
- There is statistically significant difference between students in the first experimental group who were taught reading according to Suchman model and students in the second experimental group who were taught reading according to Thelen model in terms of their average scores in the pre and post reading comprehension improvement tests.
In light of the study results, the researcher recommended the necessity of making use of Suchman and Thelen models in teaching reading comprehension for first intermediate school students. The, and in continuation of the present study, the researcher suggested performing a number of studies and researches in the field of reading comprehension as, for instance, conducting a study that is aiming at finding out the impact of using two teaching models in improving reading comprehension.

The paper aims at :
1- Preparing spatial senso-dynamic cognition exercises in learning the two skill of ball control and scoring in futsal among second intermediate students.
2- Recognizing the effect of spatial senso- dynamic cognition exercises in learning the two skills of ball control and scoring in futsal among second intermediate students.
The researchers made use of the experimental approach due to its suitability to the problem and aims of the study. The sample is randomly selected in terms of lot among second intermediate students in three section A,B and C which comprised (90) students. Group A comes to be the experimental group, while group B represents the controlling group with (30) students in each of the three groups. Thus, the sample is (33.33%) of the population of the study .Tools adopted in the paper are the skills of scoring and ball control. Aftar conducting the pre-tests and exercises on members of the experimental group, and then applying the post-tests as well as achieving the data, the researchers have used the SPSS in order to process the data and to gain results . They have concluded the following :
1.Spatial senso-dynamic cognition exercises have positively influenced student aging ( 13-15years) learning of the two skills of ball control and scoring in futsal.

In this research, the researcher aims to identify the relationship between daydreams and behaviour of isolation and to recognize there levels by using a sample according to demographic variations (sex, stage, specialty, and residence). The researcher adopted (Al-Qurashi, 2002) special scale for daydreams and prepared a scale for behaviour of isolation depending on Theory of knowledge and some previous studies. The two scales have been implemented on (160) students (males and females) at first and fourth year of study at Private Universities in Irbil Governorate. The researchers has reached to the rise of level of positive daydreams in students and the decrease of level of behaviour of isolation. There was no significant functions in the level of daydreams according to variable of sex, stage, and specialty, but there was high significant functions found on variation of residence for those of residence (temporary). As for behaviour of isolation, there was significant functions on level of sex and stage, but high significant variations were found on level of specialty (scientific) and residence (temporary).
The results showed a positive correlative relationship between daydreams and behaviour of isolation.

This study aims at shedding the light on the term of Psychological burnout through reviewing theoretical frameworks and previous studies dealt with it. It also aims at assessing its degree in the students of the preparatory stage and investigating statistical differences in the variables of sex(male / femal) and specialty (scientific / Literary). The study sample adopted the scale of Harjaan (2011)for psychological burnout that is made of 40 items and designed for the students of preparatory stage . The researcher statistically analyzed the items using terminal comparison and the item-total relation to assess the constructive validity .Stability was calculated by test-retest method . The stability coefficient reached 87%. The researcher also used the statistical suite (SPSS) for the analysis , namely. Peterson Coefficient , T-test for single and two indecent items . The results has shown that there is a psychological burnout in the students and that males suffer more than females. It also discovered, in accordance with the previous studies, that the students of the scientific branch suffer from psychological burnout more than those of the literary branch. At the end of the study, the researcher reached at ceratin conclusions and recommendations.

The outstanding students in preparatory schools for girls encounter new experiences, as they have to deal and collaborate with such experience according to their capacities and abilities, although they may have certain level of conceitedness and self overconfidence because of sentiments of difference from others and individuation, and having extraordinary, unlimited and pivotal capabilities, along with an abundant level of activeness as well as having strong motives for learning and working, in addition to an enthusiastic motivation for exploration, investigation and experimentation. This causes some problems and difficulties for such outstanding students, since the self overconfidence is considered a negative trait, which may obstruct the self overconfident student and deprives her from success, in which her talents and excellence can qualify her to achieve it. This negative feature may perhaps disrupt the relationship between such students and their teachers, the outstanding students curiousness, their persistent movements and contiguous enquiries often cause state of confusion and discomfort to teachers, and leading ultimately to more troubles. Teachers may look to those excellent students as being chaotic, undisciplined persons, abusers and troublemakers. Therefore, those students should be assisted to resisted these pressures and comprehend, their intellectual, social and emotional need at very phase of their evolution for the effective and significant role played by this category in building the society and its development.
This paper aims at discovering the level of over-self confidence in outstanding girl students of preparatory schools. In order to achieve the research goal, the researcher designs and constructs a Self Overconfidence Scale, and applies the research instruments on the research sample, which has been constituted by (400) outstanding girl students, who were chosen randomly from the preparatory schools of General Directorate of Education in Diyala. After collecting and processing the data statically, the researcher concludes that there is higher level of self overconfidence in outstanding girls student of preparatory schools. In the light of the achieved results, the researcher summed up with bunch of recommendation and suggestion.

This study deals with the subject of quality in education and teaching, By revealing the importance of TQM as a culture and as a process, And what does its absence for education, And also about the nature of learning outcomes in accordance with the vision and philosophy of total quality, At student-level scientific output and the educational process, Through reading and analysis the ideas of philosophers of education and quality, And inferred from these ideas on the most important based and the principles of total quality, And try to read them in reality of education in arab societies.

The study aims at identifying the most important difficulties that are facing artistic works in fine arts institutes from their teachers' viewpoints Society of the study comprised of male and female teachers of arts in Fine Arts institutes for males and females in Baqubah City , while the study sample comprised of (30) male and female teachers of arts in the academic year 2014-2015 . Therefore , the researcher has set a questionnaire of (15) items and tested its validity .
The researcher found out that there is a number of difficulties facing artistic works , most importantly :
1. The unavailability of a hall of drawing and other artistic activities.
2. The insufficiency of money allotted to artistic activities.
3. A shortage in tools and artistic equipments required for doing artistic works.
4. Classes are crowded with students.
5. Students are not interested in supplying needed artistic tools inside of class.
Moreover, in light of the study results, the researcher recommended the following:
- The Ministry of Education should provide Fine Arts Institutes with required artistic tools as well as affording financial support.
- In erasing extracurricular artistic activities for the sake of escalating students motivation towards arts.

This paper deals with sentimental divorce among various social classes in the Iraqi society, thus the researchers labored to recognize the sentimental divorce phenomenon among various classes and ranks of the Iraqi society via identifying the most apparent negative sides that lead to sentimental divorce. The researchers set a questionnaire of (44) items in its final format which is applied on a sample of married males and females (employed, not employed) with a total number of (200) persons.
The study aims at:
1. Identifying the level of sentimental divorce within the sample of the study.
2. Knowing the level of sentimental divorce among different statuses in the Iraqi society according to gender variable.
3. Recognizing the level of sentimental divorce among various social ranks in the Iraqi society according to the work variable (employed, not employed).
4. Identifying the level of sentimental divorce among numerous social classes in the Iraqi society according to the number of family members (less than three, four and more).
The researchers concluded that the sentimental divorce phenomenon is more recurrent among working persons than with jobless persons.
Therefore, the researchers recommend the following:
1. Conducting seminars or cultural debates concerning the phenomenon of sentimental divorce and its effect on the society.
2. Assisting working persons in solving their administrative and working problems so as not to negatively influence them and their families in turn.
The researchers suggest the following:
1. Setting a similar study on other social groups not dealt with in the present paper.

The importance of the research is shown in the use of a new assisting equipment to develop the accuracy of scoring of young players. The research aimed at setting trainings by using assisting equipment to develop the accuracy of scoring as well as knowing the effect of these trainings by using the assisting equipment. The researchers used the experimental method for it goes hand by hand with the nature of the problem that is meant to be solved by designing ( two equal groups, the experimental and the control for the pre and post tests).
The sample of the research consists of (20) players from the soccer team of the college of arts and the college of languages in futsel. They were divided into two groups. The results has been showed, analyzed, and discussed which showed that the experimental group is ahead of the control group as far as the test's results are concerned.
According to the results, the most important conclusions proves that the assisting equipment has the effect in improving the accuracy of scoring of the experimental group, and the trainings used for improving the accuracy of scoring achieved a progress for the experimental group in the post-test. Concerning the main recommendations, the researchers urged the coaches to use the assisting equipments in their training units in order to improve the various skills in futsel, and the necessity of the coach to make the players aware of the importance of scoring from the areas which are in front of the opponent goal.

The study aims at investigating the effect of using the instructional theatre in teaching psychology in enhancing the cognitive achievement for artistic Education department students.
To execute the aims of the study , a number of hypotheses have been hypothesized.
The study deals with the related theoretical background; the instructional theatre , the cognitive achievement , its importance in the educational field , in addition to other studies that have effect in enriching the study in the area of using the instructional theatre through varied variables.
In reference to the procedures of the study , the experimental method of perfect control has been used for it widely suits the current study. This method is of two groups ; experimental and control with two tests ; pre and post. The sample have been selected from the first-stage students in the department of Artistic Education in the college of Basic Education – Al-Mustansiriya University.
For the purpose of measuring the effect of variables , the researcher built an achievement test of the material and an in-advanced-prepared instructional play which meets the material has been used.
For data processing , the researcher used the suitable statistical means of processing data like T-test of independent samples , T-test of correlated samples , Q-square equation . Person coefficient correlation , and percentage.
After statistical processing , the findings have been reviewed and discussed which led to the following recommendations:
1. The use of instructional theatre has great effect on the improvement of learners' cognitive achievement through motivating the learner's cognitive competences that help him/her comprehend the material and foster the acquired knowledge.
2. The use of instructional plays has greater effect on the cognitive achievement than the traditional methods. This has been shown in the findings of the experimental and control groups in which there were significant statistical differences in between.
3. The instructional theatre has a positive effect not only on the cognitive achievements but also on the encouraging the learner and increasing his/her motivation. This was revealed through the enthusiasm shown by experimental group during their watching and reacting towards the instructional play which was reflected in their achievement.
Consequently , the researcher recommends to use the instructional theatre in the different educational institutions for it has the effect on enhancing the cognitive achievement of the students.

The two researchers tackled in the first section of the paper to the scientific development taking place in the field of dynamic learning along with the diversity of followed learning methods and approaches. They have also dealt with futsal and dynamic abilities, dynamic agreement among them. Problem of the study lies in recognizing the impact of special exercises on improving dynamic harmony and the skill of passing in futsal for first intermediate students. The paper aims at identifying the impact of special exercises on improving dynamic harmony and the skill of passing in futsal. In the second section, the researchers focused on the importance of dynamic learning and the significant dynamic abilities that are necessary for any futsal player. Section three is dedicated to research methodology and field procedures followed as the researchers delineated the experimental approach. This section comprises the assisting devices and tools, data gathering means, the two pilot experiments, tests used in the study, scientific bases of the tests, pre and post tests, and the statistical tools used in data processing.
The researchers concentrated in section four on bringing out, analyzing and discussing results gained in the pre and post tests, as well as finding variation significance by exposing them in the form of tables, then analyzing and discussing them, supporting them with scientific sources. In the fifth section, the researchers displayed conclusions and recommendations. Of these conclusions is that special exercises have positive effect on improving dynamic harmony and learning the skill of passing in futsal for first intermediate students.

The present study aims to analyzing the questions of Curriculum and General Methods of Teaching Textbook for the second Grade of Institute of Fine Arts according to the skills of creative thinking.
to achieve this aim of the study , the researcher designed a questionnaire of (71) questions covered the nine chapters of the Textbook. The questionnaire was shown to a jury of experts who are specialized in methods of teaching and psychological and educational sciences .
The study ended with results which show that the textbook’s questions contained few skills of creative thinking with different ratios , Fluency skill scored high ratio in comparison with the skills of Flexibility and originality which scored low ratio.
According to the results of the study , the researcher suggested textbook’s questions should contain the skills of creative thinking according to a clear strategy and should be distributed equally among the textbook’s chapters. researcher suggested to included creative thinking questions in the book content according to a clear strategy and specific skills, in addition to taking into account the principles included in the integration of these skills and coordination in order levels are distributed evenly between the chapters of the book.

The problem of the current research entitled (Aesthetic Values Variation among Students of College of Fine Arts at University of Diyala) is determined to identifying the level of aesthetic values variation according to three aesthetics ranges derived from (educational-scientific domains), (Psychic-Subjective domains) and (social – environmental domains), among students at University of Diyala/ College of Fine Arts, after their accessing into scientific and Fine Arts knowledge spaces in the specialty of art education and by measuring the changing in these values according to the lead, cognitive and aesthetic during their college years. The research has identified two aims:
1- Identifying the level of aesthetic values variation among students of Art Education department - College of Fine Arts - University of Diyala.
2- Designing a tool to measure the level of aesthetic values variation among students among students of Art Education department - College of Fine Arts - University of Diyala.
In action research, the study applied to the sample after achieving several stages, including the stage of preparation , designing research tools and the procedure of research tool validity and reliability (prepared by the researchers), which specialized with aesthetic values and it consists of (24) items on the two samples, one of them is pilot study includes (160) students from the Department of Art Education - University of Baghdad, and the original one which consists (120) students from the Department of Art Education in the College of Fine Arts – Diyala.
Statistical procedures are applied, a set of findings, conclusions and recommendations are concerned .Thus , the most important one is that the tool of measuring the level of aesthetic values variation among students of the Department of Art Education, College of Fine Arts - Diyala, which prepared by researchers is highly effective in measuring the level of aesthetic values variation according to the three ranges and there is a relatively change in the level of values among the students at three classes in the Department of Art Education, College of Fine Arts – University of Diyala

The paper focuses on the role of social education and Kurdish local cultural aspects in enhancing the Jandari perception through emphasizing the role of family education and the customs and traditions being cultural aspects which have their effect on rebequeathing the relationship between the two sexes in the field of prestige, rights and responsibilities.
The problem of the study can be worded as : what is the role of family education and Kurdish local cultural aspects in enhancing or not the Jandari perception for Sulaymaniya university students ?
The researchers used the questionnaire as an instrument for collecting data through the responses of the sample on the questions. The questionnaire included 10 questions related the subject under study. The researchers chose a sample purposively from the second-year students of the department of Kurdish language and the department of Sociology in the college of Languages and Humanities.

This paper aims to demonstrate and diagnose the difficulties that hinder learning writing, and to propose effective practical solutions from reality and the experience of a specific educational facts. The paper will also link all of that with the overall difficulties of practical teaching and learning of Arabic in the field of its sounds, forms and handwriting and the relation between oral and written performance. It also explains the Aesthetic handwriting and its origins and rules as an important aspect of Arabic literacy and its phonetics.
Writing quality and improvement of handwriting require reading quality and continuous improvement. This requires paying more attention to the read text and noticing vowels and dots above and under letters rather than handwriting size or type. These texts must be simple and short, so that students can rewrite them in different types of handwriting.
The researcher will view some types of handwriting and choose the appropriate ones. Also he will explain the common mistakes in students' handwritings and its relation with reading difficulties.

Interest in motherhood and childhood is regarded as one of the modern areas in psychology through the study of social behavior of human and investigating the importance of social relations between children. Group adjustable behavior has a role in the life of individuals. Moreover, the process of educating the child to integrate their physical, cognitive, psychological, and social growth is an important process that has its effects on the overall personality.
The study intended to build a scale to assess behavioral adjustment in slow learning third elementary schoolgirls. The study sample consisted of 51 schoolgirls with a slow learning capacity from the schools of Diyala Province for the study season 2013-2014. T-test for two samples and Pearson's Correlation Coefficient were the statistical devices of the study.
The results revealed that slow learning schoolgirls are in need of behavioral adjustment. They are also in need of utilizing modern technology like computers in special education schools, as well as urging the sponsors of those schools to follow suitable educational methods with slow learners. The researcher suggested conducting workshops for guides, teachers, and special education teachers for developing and training them on growing positive behaviors and teaching parents the right way of dealing with slow learning schoolgirls to develop their behavioral adjustment. The researcher also suggested conducting a similar study that includes other elementary educational stages; a study that discovers the relation between behavioral adjustment and the teachers' behavior in special education classrooms as well as spreading guidance awareness throughout media and providing educational and social services for special education learners "slow learners".

The research aimed at identifying the extent of applying comprehensive quality management at the College of Education / University of Diyala from the viewpoints of the heads of the departments. The researcher used descriptive and analytical method for data gathering through a questionnaire constructed for the current purpose , the questionnaire contained six aspects, the aspects included 32 items distributed on previously mentioned aspects. Through collecting and analyzing data, the results showed that 23 items were achieved cause it gained weighted mean and weighted percentile were equal or higher than the average of weighted mean and weighted percentile of the aspect. While 9 items were not achieved cause it gained weighted mean and weighted percentile were lower than the average of weighted mean and weighted percentile of the aspect. So it concluded that the comprehensive quality management was carried out at the College of Education / University of Diyala according to the current research's scale.
In the light of the results , the researcher recommended the following;
1- The necessity of emphasizing on the items that did not apply as important in management so as to improve the academic performance.
2- The necessity of improving the academic performance through serious management and thereby improving output.
3- The emphasis on work cooperation to make it a success and optimally less time.