Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences

The aim of this study was to evaluate different concertation of curcumin on induced atopic dermatitis in female Albino rats, particularly, immunomodulatory effect of curcumin in induced dermatitis by pure acetone 99.9% in female rats. Thirty rats were divided into two groups, control negative group (contain 6 female rats), control positive group (contain 24 female rats) include, dermatitis treated with curcumin 3% group, dermatitis treated with curcumin 5% group, dermatitis treated with pure gel group, the histopathological results of atopic dermatitis treatment by curcumin 5%, showed re-epithelialization activity maintained the epidermis layer, which showed normal thickness. Also, no inflammatory cells were observed in examined skin section. However, sloughing epithelial cells debris was observed above epidermis layer, the curcumin 5% group has a better healing effect comparison with curcumin 3%, determination of Interleukin 13. the study showed a significant increase in the control (+), At the curcumin gel 5% group of the experiment the result showed significant decrease (P<0.05) Interleukin 13 level than untreated group (+), pure gel group and there were decrease in other treated groups when compared to the untreated but slight. In atopic dermatitis the curcumin 5% gives best result in comparison with control positive groups because of it gives better therapy results. This study concluded that 5% curcumin effectively treats rat dermatitis, exhibiting superior therapeutic effects within 10 days, with IL-13 serving as a potential efficacy marker, while demonstrating safety and reducing complication risk.

In present experiment, the effect of three amino acids, methionine, L-arginine, and D-alanine, on the process of producing embryos in the laboratory, was studied. A 100 mature ovaries of Awassi sheep slaughtered in the Al-Saadoun slaughterhouse in Nineveh Governorate/Iraq were used. The samples were transported using a refrigerated box after washing with physiological saline and antibiotics. The insemination took place in the IVF laboratory of Soran Hospital in Erbil Governorate from 1/9/2022 to 1/5/2023. An eighty mature eggs with very good characteristics were collected and divided into four groups (20 eggs per group) then specified amino acid was added to each group, three groups (amino acid per group) and the fourth group was left as a control group without addition. The ripening and inoculation process was carried out according to the protocol of the laboratory in which the experiment was conducted. Results of this experiment showed that the arginine group (0.4 Mm) recorded the highest fertilization rate obtained (87.5%) based on the evaluation of embryos when kept in a carbon dioxide incubator (CO2 incubator) after 120 hours of maturation and fertilization, followed by Methionine group (0.2 Mm), control group and finally alanine group (15 Mm), where the results were (85%), (66.6%), (0.0%) respectively depended up on embryo evaluation (Grade A embryo). It is concluded from the current study that the arginine was the best of the three amino acids in stimulating divisions of the egg and improving the percentage of embryos produced in the laboratory after incubation for 120 hours.

Nitrite is still regarded as essentially undesirable in foods. Therefore, it is necessary to keep its concentration under control for food safety. The current study was conducted to evaluate the ability of two reference lactic acid strains to deplete nitrite. Lactobacillus acidophilus ROO52 and Streptococcus thermophiles YC-180 were examined in De Man Rogosa and Sharpe (MRS) and M17 broth with standard sodium nitrite at 0.10 mg /mL and 1 mL (10-8 cells per mL) for each of the reference strains to determine the ability of these strains to eliminate nitrite during the fermentation period. A control group, MRS and M17 broth and standard nitrite without inoculum were used. The nitrite depletion was determined by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. After 48 hours of fermentation, there were significant differences between residual nitrite levels of broth inoculated by Streptococcus thermophiles YC-180 compared to control and Lactobacillus acidophilus ROO52. Streptococcus thermophiles YC-180 depleted nitrite levels significantly (P˂0.05) from the initial concentration (0.10 mg/ml) to 0.02 mg/ml with a percentage (45%) after 48 hours compared to control and Lactobacillus acidophilus ROO52, which depleted nitrite levels from the initial concentration of 0.10 mg/ml to 0.04 mg/ml with a percentage (22.5%) after 48 hours. In conclusion, Streptococcus thermophiles YC-180 was more effective at nitrite depletion than Lactobacillus acidophilus ROO52. The reduction of nitrite occurs due to acid production and the enzymatic action of these bacteria.

Diabetes mellitus causes an increase in oxidative stress. Serotonin is a hormone its level in circulation reduced in diabetes; recently, it has been found to possess antioxidant qualities. The purpose of the study was to look at the impact of diabetes on pituitary-thyroid functioning, and serotonin role in modulating these effects in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus rat model. The thirty-tow healthy male rats with a body weight of 180-200 gm were split equally into 4 groups, group [1[: control, group [2]: Serotonin, group [3]: diabetic, and group [4]: Serotonin-diabetic. The rats were weighed and serum levels of glucose, insulin, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, serotonin, thyroid stimulating hormone, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine were measured. Our results presented that there was a significant increase in T3, T4, glucose, and MDA in the diabetic group compared to the control, while a significant decrease in T3, and T4, glucose, and MDA in the Serotonin with diabetic group compared to diabetic group. Furthermore, a significant decrease in TSH, serotonin, insulin and GPX, CAT, and SOD antioxidants in the diabetic group compared to control, while a significant increase in serum TSH, serotonin, insulin and CAT, GPX and SOD antioxidants in the Serotonin+diabetic group compared to diabetic group as well as a significant increase in serum insulin in the Serotonin group compared to all other groups. Serotonin plays a protective role against diabetes-induced and pituitary-thyroid disorder caused by diabetes which might be because of its antioxidant qualities and ability to maintain glucose and insulin balance.

Currently, one of the major public health concerns is diabetes mellitus, which is known as a silent killer due to the failure to diagnose it at an early stage. A growing body of research indicates that metformin and empagliflozin have antioxidant properties in addition to their hypoglycemic properties. Our research looked into the potential antioxidant effects of metformin and empagliflozin on diabetic rats by decreasing oxidative stress. For eight weeks, 42 adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups: normal control, diabetic control group, diabetic group received dimethyl sulfoxide as a vehicle(solvent) of the empagliflozin, 250 mg/kg metformin only, 10 mg/kg empagliflozin only and a combination of both. A single injection of 40 mg/kg streptozocin administered intraperitoneally was after administering 10% fructose in drinking water for two weeks to cause type 2 diabetes in rats. The evaluation of oxidative stress involved the quantification of serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels upon completion of the experimental period. Additionally, blood glucose levels were determined using blood samples from the tail, and body weight was monitored on a weekly basis. Our findings showed that compared to the diabetic group, the therapy groups had considerably lower blood glucose, and serum MDA levels, while higher levels of SOD, and less decrease in body weight. Furthermore, even better results were obtained when empagliflozin and metformin were administered together. As a result of our findings, diabetic rats treated with empagliflozin and metformin had lower levels of oxidative stress.

Phoenix dactylifera is an ancient tree that belongs to the Arecaceae family; its leaves, barks, fruits and pollens have highly anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, hepato-protective, neuro-protective, sexual improvement, anti-hyper lipidemic, and anti-microbial potentials. The broad pharmacological effects of Phoenix dactylifera may be attributed to the powerful and beneficial ingredients including phenolic, flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids and organic acids. The present review was conducted to describe the beneficial and pharmacological preventive effects of Phoenix dactylifera through recoded the published data on web of science, Scopus and Google scholar databases to review the pharmacological effects of Phoenix dactylifera.

Mesenchymal stem cells: they have received great attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability to differentiate into different cell types and their ability to secrete a wide range of biologically active molecules that repair and regenerate tissues. Stem cells are usually isolated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, or other adult tissues and can be grown in culture media to generate large numbers of cells. Stem cells are widely used in veterinary medicine: for the treatment of bone diseases, diseases of the respiratory and digestive systems, immune diseases. The therapeutic effect of stem cells is due to the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of the cells themselves and their excretory products. In general, the continuous investigation and development of Veterinary key therapies is essential to improve animal health and well-being, promote Translational Medicine, and thereby benefit human health. Mesenchymal stem cells have been studied as a potential treatment for various gastrointestinal diseases in cattle, including inflammatory bowel disease and Colitis. Stem cells can be used to replace damaged or diseased tissue by differentiating between specific cell types required for repair and regeneration. Stem cells can also secrete factors that promote tissue regeneration, which can enhance their therapeutic potential. Diverse alternatives provide an attractive option for the possibility of developing clinical applications of stem cells in veterinary medicine.