journal of Economics And Administrative Sciences

Abstract
This research aims to find out the extent the reflection of tacit knowledge dimensions (experience, skill, intuition, the ability to think) on Organizational performance of the offices of inspectors general dimensions (internal processes, growth and learning the focus, the focus on the customer) and the measurement and analysis of the type of impact the tacit knowledge of auditors on performance Organizational in inspectors general offices, the research seeks to diagnose the extent of awareness of Office Management knowledge implicit and the attention span of the administration in determining levels and performance levels, and the resolution means the main information-gathering adopted by the researcher, which, as well as his experience through his work in the Office of the Inspector General and conduct some interviews and the collection of quantitative data for activities and events of some offices and for (5) years, has been chosen deliberately, a sample of (57) individuals degree inspector general and deputy inspector general and director of the censorship department, auditing, and was chosen this sample because they are the direct beneficiaries of the auditors' reports, were use a lot of statistical methods، The researcher found that the number of results, most notably the tacit knowledge of auditors affect the achievement of the effectiveness of the performance of some of the offices of inspectors general.

Abstract
Purpose: The diagnosis and determine the level of balance between the time available for life and work with the doctors in the hospitals of t the six hospitals in the City of Medicine.
Design / methodology / Approach: It has been relying on ready-scale, to make sure the diagnosis and determine the level of balance between the time available for life and work, where they were distributed on Form 42 doctors in the six hospitals in the City of Medicine, were analyzed by software (Nvivo and SPSS v.22).
Results: The results showed that there is a good level of balance between the time available for life and work with the doctors.
Research limitations: The difficulty of distributing and collecting the forms for doctors in hospitals and clinics, emerging as a result of the continuing busy the doctors work assigned to them.
Practical implications: You can benefit from the findings of the researcher, in the interest and to strengthen the balance between the time available for life and work, can help to improve the performance of hospitals in the City of Medicine.

Abstract
The current research aims to focus on strategic vigilance dimensions and contained (environmental vigilance, technological vigilance, competitive vigilance, vigilance marketing) to improve nursing services, which include a) the quality, timeliness, problem-solving and decision-making, relationships with others, leadership skills) and measure the degree link and influence between strategic vigilance in the hospital respondent and improve nursing service that the problem of the research lies in the weakness of strategic plans and health organizations in general and the hospital surveyed (martyr Ghazi al-Hariri), in particular, the lack of awareness of the hospital researched strategy vigilant management to improve nursing services, from this standpoint, the researcher shed light on this problem, trying to develop the concept of strategic vigilance and improvement of nursing services provided at the martyr Ghazi al-Hariri in order to raise the level of services provided in the hospital under study, as the researcher tested the correlation and impact between research variables, which have been measured on a sample search of Palmlakat Hospital nursing worker martyr Ghazi al-Hariri of the health department of the Medical city.

Abstract
Project deal with the study of the suitability of the planning standards of the select sites for sports facilities for the holy city of Karbala and the extent of convergence and divergence between these standards and points of strength and weakness in each of these standards.
It was found that there was a lack of the role given to the sports as a kind of luxury does not deserve to spend money and efforts, and was then incorporated with a lot of entertainment services by planners.
It turns out that there is a large inability to the provision of these facilities for this city, although there will now be directed to begin Strategic and important projects, mission and strategy, such as stadiums, youth forums and Olympic pools, which will hopefully be completed during the next two years, God willing, by the Ministry of Youth and Sports, which can be solved a large part of the problem.
The study found the need to reconsider the current planning standards of the reality of the sports and youth facilities by forming a joint committee of the relevant authorities for the preparation of appropriate and balanced standards to make border between inability to provide the service, and between service no need for them in an inappropriate place, and the cost prohibitive to fit with those standards.

Abstract
The research aims to identify the risks faced by projects and work on the administration, such as those risks by using professional Project Management System (Project Management Professional) by identifying those risks and their impact on the objectives of the project, if they occur and to provide appropriate responses to Ha.autam search application on the draft Law Faculty port by the General Mansour Construction Contracting company has been using a method personal interview with the heads of departments and project managers in the Al-Mansour and tools descriptive and quantitative analysis as was used (likelihood and impact of risk analysis, Ai_kaoa scheme Sbb- effect, analysis of probability and impact, risk matrix (probability and impact), analysis decision tree) has been collecting information on the theoretical side of the books, research, messaging and Alatarih as well as publications in both Arabic and English versions PMBOK issued by the American Institute PMI, and research found to the high amount of risk in the projects (sample) implemented by the company and the reason for this is the lack of hand specialist risk management or risk management plans as a result of lack of awareness by the management and staff of the importance and impact of the risk and its role in the success of the projects, and research found that if the application of professional projects and requirements management in terms of availability of qualified human resources and technology needed to be applied with respect to the management of risk, he would work to reduce a large proportion of the risks and to provide the appropriate response for the remainder of the risks and would lead to the completion of the projects identified time and cost and to achieve the goals of the company.

Abstract
This research aims to measure the productivity of nursing services and recognize the reality of providing such services in some public hospitals in the province of Diyala, as well as identify the most important factors affecting the productivity of nursing services, and developer measure adopted by the researcher (Kien, 2012), which includes seven factors (workforce , management team, stimulation, pressure of working hours (time), material / equipment, supervision, safety), Used the experimental method in the search, one of the private scientific research curriculum depends primarily on the scientific experiment and study of the subject, or a scientific phenomenon, which provides an opportunity to learn the facts through these experiences, for the purpose of measuring the factors affecting the productivity of nursing services, and research involved a sample of nurses working in hospitals (Virgin educational and Baquba educational year), and the sample was selected group of nurses, workers and nurses in providing nursing services for hospitals surveyed totaling (300), a nurse and a nurse form the equivalent of (100%) of them, for the purpose of measuring the factors affecting the productivity of nursing services, and research involved a sample of nurses working in hospitals ((Baquba General Teaching Hospital , and AL Batool Teaching Hospital), it has subjected measure of test validity and reliability, and used many of the statistical methods such as mean and standard deviation, test (T), and exploratory Kaiser - Meyer - Aolkin scale and test Bartlett which measures the correlation between variables as well as the U Mann Whitney test differences morale among the answers of nurses in the surveyed hospitals, using statistical software (SPSS), The research concluded inter conclusions Perhaps the most prominent of the authorized distribution for the preparation of nurses on different sections in these hospitals is appropriate to the needs of these sections, which led to the burden of high work on some nurses, especially in the consulting departments and emergency with the lack of appropriate incentives for nurses parallel tasks assigned to them, as well as for the wages granted to them is not equivalent to the effort by them, and there is no granted opportunities for them to develop their skills and complete their studies all contributed significantly to the lack of motivation to work, has recommended the search a number of recommendations including the need to take into account the needs of each department of the hospital nurses according to the number of patients who are in each section in order to distribute the workload evenly all the nurses in these hospitals, as well as a review of rewards and incentives granted to them and that the grant is in line with the seriousness of the work and its size within the surveyed hospitals.

Abstract
The research aims to develop a framework cognitive and conceptual comprehensive research topic, and enrich the reader and the beneficiary with adequate information about and reduce the gaps in knowledge for those interested in doing and gauge what is available and is not available from the basic and necessary requirements for the establishment of hedge funds in the Iraqi environment after identifying the key variables affecting directly the subject of the search, the most research problem weakness knowledge necessary for installation of hedge funds in Iraq and how successful or embrace this idea on the ground failure and lack of knowledge of what is available from most important to create the necessary requirements.
Has been selected private banks and investment companies and insurance companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange as a sample research being direct contact with more than other sectors, with the establishment of hedge funds requirements have included research sample (94) individuals of whom is the resolution instrument key to collect data and information as well as conduct interviews structured to the number of them was the data using statistical software analysis (SPSS), and used many of the statistical methods such as the arithmetic mean and standard deviation and test (t) and the research found a set of results perhaps the most notable is that the Iraqi economic status quo reflected negatively on the Iraqi investment arena influential all the requirements of the establishment of hedge funds economy is the basic foundation on which to all other requirements complementary and without a functioning economy Nothingness strong investment and become a modern vain for any axis or requirement last necessitating an attempt advancement of security and economic by the authorities concerned to reality by making changes in the plans and strategies related to these two variables, put the country currently precludes the success of any similar investment project to set up a hedge fund.

Abstract
Tourist business organizations face a challenging and the risks dynamic environment reflected its impact on the community and generate extra under pressure in the responsibilities and burdens of exceptional and affected much of factors, accidents and risks as a result of the actions and attitudes of disasters variety may exceed the geography of States border, which requires the absorption of risks facing the tourism and how to manage and deal with them scientific and reasonable grounds for the diagnosis and treatment of risk and how to reduce the aggravation and the different kinds.
As risks affecting the most important and vital to organizations as a tourist aspects of the market share and styles tourist target segments as well as directing traffic for the purposes of tourism and travel.
This requires knowledge of the types of hazards and assess the size and development of strategies to manage them through to avoid and reduce the negative effects and consequences on the reality of tourist traffic. And it highlights the importance of research of the importance of the subject of risk management in a challenging and changing environment reflection in the size and future of tourist activity as well as to identify the types of risks in the tourist business and ways to address them in order to prevent aggravation، The ultimate goal is to search to identify the risks facing the business and reflected in the nature of the tourist business, methods, and methods of treatment according to the proposed tables in search facility types.
The researcher followed a method descriptive analysis in dealing with the subject of research of the concepts and terminology of risk management and attempt to build scale to identify the possible risks in the tourist environment with reference to the extent appropriate to describe the practical cases represent the reality of these factors in tourism patterns prevailing in the Middle East.
The researcher's conclusions, including: the existence of significant challenges for risk tourism and in many forms as businesses theft of relics, bombings and vandalism of the parks and tourist cities and weighed heavily on tourist traffic in the Middle east .add for the emergence of anti-religious movements for business tourism, and the emergence of climate change, a new and unfamiliar delimiters constitute inbuilt vulnerabilities.
The researcher recommended that an emphasis on continuous development to cope with the risks of all kinds and levels, and the need to pay attention and focus on the areas of risk to the stage of early warning in order to detect them and limit their consequences.

Abstract
The topic of strategic intelligence is considered as important topics that acquires the attention of organizations, Because of its role in supplying the decision-making centers by strategic ideas according to the opportunities and threats facing the organization, in an effort to improve the performance of their organizations to reach the high performance organization.
A lot of organizations lack to strategy guides the strategic intelligence towards achieving high performance organization.
This research aims to determine the level of strategic intelligence that characterized the leaders of diseases and kidney transplant center in Medicine city. What is the application level of the center to the high performance, it also aims to study the relationship and effect between the strategic intelligence and high performance organization.
To achieve the aim of the research, the descriptive analysis method was adopted. The research community represented by diseases and kidney transplant center in medicine city, Baghdad. A questionnaire was distributed to a sample of (40) managers working in the center, represent the manager of the center and the heads of departments, divisions and units. Statistical program SPSS was used to test the hypotheses.
The research findings reached to a set of conclusions , the most important is ,the attention of the center leaders to the forecasting ,and their quest to predict potential trends occurring in the external environment ,to develop strategies of the center. And the leaders of the center need more attention to the system thinking, to see the center in the form of a coherent system.
The results show that, there is a significant relationship between the strategic intelligence and the high performance organization, and there is a significant effect of the future vision on high performance organization.
The main recommendations are, the need to pay attention by the center to the workers and to motivate them by using a variety of incentives system,
as well as to province the center on the trust relationship with all its workers in all levels. And valuing their loyalty in order to create management quality aims to achieve a high performance organization features.

Abstract:
based search on two variables two main (Administrative empowerment ) and (technical innovation) target detection relationship and influence between the five dimensions (the delegation of authority , personnel training , effective communication, work teams , motivating employees) and
(technical innovation) conducted research in General Company for electrical Industries , and through the sample included the views of managers in the various administrative levels poll .
And adopted a researcher at a major tool for data collection is questionnaire designed to find, as was the contents of the questionnaire analysis according to the Statistical Information System ( Spss), The (55) to identify which research found a job related to the existence of the level of importance of research variables results came relationship between variables correlation and strong moral influence between the two variables and it was based on the formulation of.

Abstract
The present search addressed the "strategic Vigilance and their impact in Organizational success "Where has the objective of strategic Vigilance and Organizational success of increasing importance at the present time, for being fairly modern topics, which have a tremendous impact on the success of organizations.
This research aims to find out what kinds of strategic watch available in General AL- Faris company, Ministry of industry, and the most important for the company, and learn the relationship and impact between vigilance strategy and organizational success, the system (SPSS) access to statistical results, General Knight company was chosen to the Ministry of industry as a research field study, and the study was composed of (Division Manager, Department head, Assistant General Manager, General Manager) (71) Personnel, formulated the hypothesis link the main contact between strategic Vigilance and Organizational success ramifications of which four hypotheses subsidiary, as formulated Four hypotheses influence between strategic Vigilance and Organizational success The ramifications of each of the four sub-hypotheses , the research found that all hypotheses link and influence between the variables and sub is a powerful and significant moral Research found that the best dimension of strategic vigilance is technology vigilance, and that all hypotheses link and effect between the primary and secondary variables are powerful and moral significance, as recommended by a number of recommendations, including: lack of focus on one type of company's strategic vigilance by administrative leaders, but diversification in using all kinds of vigilance (environmental, technology, trade and competitiveness), And at all administrative levels, with emphasis on environmental vigilance, because it means that the company's future by strengthening strengths and seize opportunities, work to recruit and orient new technologies towards the establishment of a network of communication and information between the various departments and divisions among and between its departments with support for communication and coordination among them

ABSTRACT
The treasury bills one internal government debt instruments in iraq that were used to finance temporary deficits in the government budget, There fore the government resorted to issuing for the purpose of providing liquidity, As well as to invest in productive progects, After that it was financing the budget deficit by the monetary authovity of the central baalpennek [the new cash velease] which led to negative effects on the Iraqi econome, Thus we find that the treasury transfers have formed alarge proportion of the gross domestic government debt to finance the deficit ayear ago 2003.
Based on the instruction sell securities in auction, Government issued treasury transfers through the establishment of auctions in the central bank of Iraq with the duration of 91,182,365 days during the period 2013\2014, As the central bank takes on the purchase and sale of commercial banks and financial institutions, And it is expected that he could exploit the increased is suance of treasury transfers as anon in flationary sources to the extent that it may affect the monetary policy variables in order to control the size of the money supply and the interest rate and the fight against in flation and the stability of the local currency value. Find it finds that the continused occurrence of the deficit in the government budget was not an accumulation of government debt from issuing treasury transfers but the main reason is due to the increase in government spending, Any sense that the treasury transfers can act like treasury transfers to control the excess liquidity and restrict in flationary constrains through higher interest rates which is working to with draw part of the excess reserves at commercial bangs financial institutions and baaltala reduce their ability to grant credit, Therefore they could exercise such appositive role in influencing the monetary policy[central bank] make them the strength to prevail to support the effectiveness of monetary policy.

Abstract:
In light of the limited sources of funding suffered by the Iraqi economy, it highlights the importance of enhancing the efficiency of public expenditure, and if the measurement of the efficiency of public expenditure and identify benchmarks first step of promoting efficiency, the adoption of scientific methods of analysis imperative in promoting the efficiency. Under this framework, the focus was on the methodologies used to measure the efficiency of public spending and supply analysis with trying statement strengths and weaknesses, and make use of it in the measurement of the efficiency of public spending in the Iraqi economy. As well as devise measurable indicators take into account the specificity of the Iraqi economy and the stage through which the enormous challenges it faces, and try to apply them to the Iraqi economy. With a proposal for a set of ideas and mechanisms, to be enlightened by the decision-makers to enhance the efficiency of public spending in Iraq. It was among the search that the relationship between public spending and macroeconomic variables reflect the wrong approach followed in fiscal policy, as well as in the preparation of the budget and the allocation of resources. And that it is necessary to manage the economy through a new vision based on a review of the allocation of financial resources and the adoption of a new methodology to measure the efficiency of public spending, taking into account the limitations of the data, identify indicators that reflect the specificity of the Iraqi economy, and then finding appropriate means to enhance the efficiency of public spending.

Abstruct :
Economic performance is one of the most important indicators of economic activity and with the performance of the economy progress varied sources of output and increase economic growth rates and per capita national income, and to recover the business environment and increase investment rates and rising effectiveness of the financial and monetary institutions and credit market. Which leads to increased employment rates and reducing unemployment rates and the elimination of many of the social problems and improve the average per capita income as well as improve the level of national income.
The input / output tables is a technique mathematical indicates economic performance and which shows the extent of contribution and interaction and mutual harmony between national sectors of the economy, it is through inference parameters economic sectors can come to know the strength of forward linkages and the background to those sectors.
Which enhances the ability of each economic sector in the provision of production inputs to other sectors on the one hand, and how the sector can use the output of other sectors in economic activity fed by the other hand.
The problem of unemployment linked to output via the labor market, and the provision of economic resources, expertise and skills acquired labor force in the production process.
This study was based on the user / product tables to get to the actual level of unemployment in the economy in terms of GNP. Which helps the decision maker to recognize that the real amount of unemployment and make the necessary treatments to eliminate that level of unemployment through activation of the role output across sectors.

Abstract
It reflects the gross domestic product in any country total output of goods and services by the size of the country's citizens and foreign residents during the period of the year and reflect the contribution of the commodity sectors of the economy and the distribution and service in the composition of output. And gross domestic product in Iraq as an indicator dominated in the composition of oil output, along with the contribution of the service sector, as the gross domestic product is the output of a yield lien and subjected GDP in Iraq to a series of declines succession due to vibrations of the oil market during the economic blockade on the one hand and stop imported production inputs, lack of arriving in commodity sectors productivity on the other hand, which is reflected in the rise in unemployment in the Iraqi economy, therefore, use the index reflects increases in gross domestic product, and that the lack of use and the disruption of the labor force necessarily reflect the demise of the commodity cover production as a component of the output of a local, unemployment is Iraq's most dangerous economic problems and traces its roots back to more than a quarter of a century, and varied forms different depending on the political and economic conditions seen in Iraq, as the real reasons for the phenomenon of lack of use dating back to transform the Iraqi economy from the development of the economy in the seventies into a war economy in the eighties and into financial speculative economy in the nineties and into the territory's economy General extruder private and enhanced sector to the phenomenon of disguised unemployment and the use of incomplete in the third millennium, conclusion that high unemployment rates reflect the performance of the local market failure, and high unemployment rates have been rising gradually not decreasing, and indicates that the decline in GDP of non-oil despite the financial policies expansionist .

Abstract
This paper includes the application of Queuing theory with of Particle swarm algorithm or is called (Intelligence swarm) to solve the problem of The queues and developed for General commission for taxes /branch Karkh center in the service stage of the Department of calculators composed of six employees , and it was chosen queuing model is a single-service channel M / M / 1 according to the nature of the circuit work mentioned above and it will be divided according to the letters system for each employee, and it was composed of data collection times (arrival time , service time, departure time) In minutes , Where it was data Test the obtained them found it distributed statistical distribution commensurate with the nature of the data and when tested were found to be distributed the distribution of arrival (Discrete Uniform distribution) and the distribution service (Exponential distribution ) , and it was finding performance measures (the service provided) in the system ( Ls , Lq , Ws , Wq ), and the problem is resolved to the research using software MATLAB R2013a Version : 8.1 and it get the required results, and This paper aims Solve the problem of The queues in General commission for taxes / branch Karkh center and reduce the customer waiting times and improving the efficiency of the service provided.

Abstract :
Nonlinear time series analysis is one of the most complex problems ; especially the nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous variable (NARX) .Then ; the problem of model identification and the correct orders determination considered the most important problem in the analysis of time series . In this paper , we proposed splines estimation method for model identification , then we used three criterions for the correct orders determination. Where ; proposed method used to estimate the additive splines for model identification , And the rank determination depends on the additive property to avoid the problem of curse dimensionally . The proposed method is one of the nonparametric methods , and the simulation results give a good identification of the NARX models and the BIC criteria is the best criterion used to determine the correct orders of the selected models.

Abstract
In this paper has been one study of autoregressive generalized conditional heteroscedasticity models existence of the seasonal component, for the purpose applied to the daily financial data at high frequency is characterized by Heteroscedasticity seasonal conditional, it has been depending on Multiplicative seasonal Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic Models Which is symbolized by the Acronym (SGARCH) , which has proven effective expression of seasonal phenomenon as opposed to the usual GARCH models. The summarizing of the research work studying the daily data for the price of the dinar exchange rate against the dollar, has been used autocorrelation function to detect seasonal first, then was diagnosed with a problem of heteroscdastic , passing through the phase estimation using the method of Maximum Likelihood Conditional and on the assumption that the random error is distributed normal distribution with the application on more than one rank for seasonal model, then determine the appropriate rank of the specimen using a variety of standards down to the prediction phase, it has been shown through the application on the study data stages that the best model for predicting volatility is SGARCH (1,0)(1,0).

ABSTRACT
Conditional logistic regression is often used to study the relationship between event outcomes and specific prognostic factors in order to application of logistic regression and utilizing its predictive capabilities into environmental studies. This research seeks to demonstrate a novel approach of implementing conditional logistic regression in environmental research through inference methods predicated on longitudinal data. Thus, statistical analysis of longitudinal data requires methods that can properly take into account the interdependence within-subjects for the response measurements. If this correlation ignored then inferences such as statistical tests and confidence intervals can be invalid largely.
For estimating the conditional regression model in the analysis of environment pollution as a function of oil production and environmental factors using the generalized estimating equation (GEE) in the formulation of inference methods that facilitate the conditional logistic regression model taking advantage of the actual correlations between responses in the data, as well as the specific correlation structure through robust sandwich estimators (RSE) as well as application many of various model selection criteria. Because the efficiency of estimates is contingent on the working correlation matrix specification, the appropriate selection of a working correlation matrix can significantly advance the GEE statistical inference efficiency. After comparing the performance of specific criteria indicating that QIC is the selection criterion that is most suited for GEE method. The application results showed that QIC had the lowest information loss in GEE method in which the objective to develop a predictive model of the candidate set, Through this research, condition logistic regression has also been demonstrated to be an effective tool that can be used in other studies to explore the relationships between response and explanatory variables.

Abstract
natural and non-natural disasters, is an environmental challenges the society and the economy as well as a direct and indirect economic affect, and the units are part of the system overlapping among themselves and thus affected by external indicators, directly or indirectly, these direct effects appear in the destruction or damage inflicted by disasters in property , infrastructure , superstructure , accounting information systems and indirectly in the outcome of future business, comes research problem through access to accounting treatments issued by the Federal Office of financial supervision to address the damage caused by the disasters and prepare the missing financial accounts it turns out us that there is negligence of a number of issues that we believe need to be discussed and to propose appropriate mechanisms to address them. The importance of research is needed for decision-makers at all levels to a high-quality accounting information about the value of the damage caused as a result of disasters suffered by Iraq for more than once in recent decades, and the presence of a number of accounting topics actors and absent from the local accounting procedures and requires the review and update accounting treatments approved by the Board of Supreme Audit to respond to the needs of decision makers first and to blend in with a private international requirements. This research depended on main hypothesis which refers to:(that building a system of accounting information in light of disasters responds to the need of the decision-maker requires renovation local accounting procedures in order to be more effective in the light of international applications .
The research has reached a number of conclusions including integrated accounting system is short of meeting the international financial reporting requirements as a result of not admitting much of the accounting procedures when disasters occur distorts the financial statements as they relate to the value of the losses incurred from the impact of disasters.
The researcher found a set of recommendations including , The need to adapt international accounting procedures in light of disasters and wars in the local environment through the introduction of new items in the consolidated accounting manual, which applies in the Iraqi companies with customizable directory number and restrictions and to explain the item and the international standard which is based on the newly created item.