Surra Man Ra'a

The existential philosophy as promoted by its thinkers spread popularly in the thirties and forties of the last century and is still in our time, based on lost values that call for atheism represented by the denial of the Creator Almighty, and to sensuality and animalism, but it is the opposite of the common sense of man, Islam teachings and etiquette pure beneficial to every human being, and for every being present on this simple, it is valid for every time and place and the testimony of his enemies.

This study sheds light on a serious scourge spreading widely in our current time, namely sarcasm, which is a reprehensible trait that has negative psychological and social effects on the individual and society. The research dealt with studying the concept of sarcasm as it appears in the Holy Quran, which means trying to despise people and mock them to humiliate them in word and deed, explaining its images that appear in the Quranic verses: from insulting nicknames, mocking the poor, mocking the believers, messengers and prophets, and then the study shows the Quranic approach to limiting sarcasm: from prohibiting sarcasm, arrogance and obscene speech in many texts, threatening its perpetrator with the most severe punishment, and achieving the principle of equality among people, and making it a basic rule for reaching a cohesive and fraternal society.

By the grace and generosity of Allah, we were able to write this research to explain the Jewish and Islamic religions and the differences between them on a particular issue that has been approached by both parties according to their respective concepts and beliefs. This research aims to compare the two religions concerning the matter of "Lian," elucidating its meanings, legitimacy, rulings, conditions, and effects. The issue pertains to people's behavior towards one another, their adherence to good morals, and their avoidance of vices.

This study comes within the framework of literary studies that are concerned with the literary text and sheds light on the inherited relationships within the poetic connection between the womb of poetry and its people. To achieve the highest degree of artistic coloring, an attempt to monitor intertextuality and its types within the poetic text of Ibn Al-Haddad Al-Andalusi relies on the descriptive and analytical approach concerned with tracking the phenomenon. To reveal the extent to which the means and mechanisms of the image are achieved and to clarify their impact on the subject of the aesthetics of intertextuality, and its importance is evident in the analysis at the level of textual creativity and the extent of the poet’s religious and intellectual richness, which is what the study concluded regarding the richness of religious intertextuality in the poet, especially the Holy Qur’an, and after it the noble Hadith, And then literary intertextuality. In Ibn al-Haddad’s poetry, there are many characters that he invokes. To employ them and employ their characteristics, stories, anecdotes, and situations to serve his meanings and poetic purposes. The poet is considered a link between the heritage and the recipient. Ibn al-Haddad, like other poets of his time, made use of his rich heritage and drew from its source. He demonstrated artistic ability in overlapping the poetic text and including the past and present with structural cohesion.

This research discusses the issue of separation, integration, and the stage of liminality in the fictional character. It deals with the character (Omar) in Sinan Antoine’s novel Khuzami. The main purpose of this research is to reveal the reasons for this character’s entry into the arena of liminality and its symptoms, the fate he leads to, and how events, the environment, and society affect it. On the psychological state of the characters; Therefore, the research adopted the descriptive analytical method by tracing the life path of Omar in the novel before and during the migration Then the situations he was exposed to, which made him dissatisfied with his new situation. He is between a harsh past and a present that does not differ from it. He is on the border between the two situations, which formed a borderline for him until he decides to separate from the old situation and integrate and coexist with his new situation, and this is what the research aims to achieve, i.e. Revealing the behavior of the character in the novel and the extent to which psychological theories match literary works in conveying, reflecting and expressing experiences, especially in the novel (Khuzama’s ).

The Rightly-Guided Caliphs (may Allah be pleased with them) took care of the educational and health aspect, which is one of the duties of Islam and complementary to human rights at the present time, despite the preoccupation with the wars of apostasy and Islamic conquests and the stabilization of the pillars of the Islamic state, as the Caliphs (may Allah be pleased with them) themselves took over the process of education and transferred it to the children of Muslims as well as the Companions and their role in education after they took it from the Prophet Muhammad (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), so they had an impact on the transfer of science and the establishment of Islamic schools later, and they struggled to reach science to all the children of Muslims in all parts of the Arab Islamic state, which is still studying these sciences to the present time. Mosques are considered the first nucleus of education through Muslims meeting to pray and sit for science circles.
The Caliphs (may Allah be pleased with them) also paid attention to the health aspect, as many doctors emerged in that period, and the interest in quarantine with the spread of epidemics at that time, especially the plague, by the commandments of the Prophet Muhammad (may Allah bless him and grant him peace).

The neighbors are Muslims who flocked from various parts of the Islamic world to the sacred cities of Mecca and Medina before and during the Ayyubid era for Hajj and Umrah (pilgrimage). Their hearts were attached to the proximity of the Two Holy Mosques, where they settled, hoping for the pleasure and generosity of Allah Almighty, multiplying the rewards and blessings for them and spending a period of spiritual purity in their vicinity. They became an integral part of their social fabric.

Euphrates water exploitation has been considered a problem since the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I, which led to the division of its property in the region. Accordingly, the Euphrates had been transformed from a national river running within the territory of the Ottoman Empire to an international river. Its water resources began to be shared by surrounding countries which it passes through their lands in relation to international agreements concerning river courses. Disputes between those countries had emerged. Iraq and Syria are considered a clear example of the water problem raised by Turkey, from which the Tigris and Euphrates sprang. The crisis was initially a technical crisis, and its dimensions later developed into a complex dilemma. Strategic and political factors have been intermingled between these countries.

The legislative authority's oversight of the government's actions is through the legal oversight methods stipulated by the provisions of the constitution. In addition to its legislative function, which it exercises independently through drafting laws or its representative function, as it represents the will of the people who elected it, there is another function that is considered essential, which is oversight of the government's actions. The role of parliament is not enough to enact legislation or grant confidence to the government's political program, but there must be effective means to ensure the effectiveness of the application of legislative legal texts and the government's commitment to implementing its program approved by parliament. Therefore, parliamentary oversight is prior through supervision of certain policies or subsequent, i.e. after granting confidence. The same applies to the executive authority's oversight of the legislative authority, as it is no less important than the legislative authority's oversight. Parliamentary investigation is considered one of the best means of parliamentary oversight of the government's actions. The research aimed to reveal the concept of parliamentary investigation as well as the provisions of parliamentary investigation and its effects. To achieve the research, the researcher identified the basic elements of the research in the first section, which are the research problem, its importance, its objectives, and defining its specific terms. As for the second section, it dealt with the provisions of parliamentary investigation and its effects. The research concluded with a conclusion that included the results and recommendations of the research.

Since the beginning of creation, the need to manage the family, tribe, village, society or state has emerged. Management has developed with the development of humanity and has become more complicated with the intertwining of life and its methods. As a result, many theories and assumptions have emerged that attempt to explain the best methods and means of management, but most of them have not given the subject of values and work ethics the attention and appreciation it deserves, especially in Western literature. As for Arabic literature, the study of work ethics has been few compared to its importance and impact on work. Therefore, there is a need to highlight such an aspect of the components of management, which is work ethics, and to be derived from the teachings of the true religion due to its richness and depth of its directives. Given the great impact of administrative corruption within the subject of work ethics, it is necessary to allocate a special space of interest and analysis to it. The research aimed to reveal the concept of administrative authority as well as the legal and realistic limits imposed on the authority of management in protecting public morals. To achieve the research, the researcher identified in the first section the basic elements of the research, which are the research problem, its importance, its objectives, and defining its special terms. As for the second section, it dealt with the legal and realistic limits imposed on the authority of management in protecting public morals and concluded The research concluded with a conclusion that included the results and recommendations of the research.

Today, we cannot achieve the requirements of belonging to a state without building our homeland on a foundation of freedom, justice and equality. The gateway to this is citizenship, with all its constitutional, political and legal implications, because it is the bridge between our religious and national obligations within the humanitarian framework that links us together in the circle of one homeland. Citizenship is the cornerstone on which a just state is built. The homeland does not belong to anyone, but to all citizens, because it needs... To reject the culture of extremism and replace it with a culture of dialogue and reconciliation.
the concept of citizenship has been largely associated with nationality, as it is the legal basis for exercising citizenship because nationality determines the laws that the individual follows in his country or abroad and is an essential pillar of the state, and citizenship in our present time is digital citizenship. With its educational dimensions, which include (digital culture, digital communication), respect, represented by (standards of digital behavior, digital laws), protection, represented by (digital rights and responsibility, digital security), and in return, every human being has the right to be aware of his rights, duties, and responsibilities towards others in Digital interaction so that they can understand how to use digital technologies in a safe and ethical way, respect the laws and make positive use by adhering to the laws of the digital society, by organizing conferences and conducting specialized research to spread the legal culture of digital societies.

Grammarians، ancient and modern، took care to mention clues and grammatical theories, and those theories that grammarians proclaim in the modern era are nothing but the product of the early grammarians’ talk about restricting the science of grammar. This leads us to the fact that these theories are originally ancient and not modern, especially the theory of clues. He took care to mention the impact of Context, connotation، the presumption of meaning, the fixed system, the presumption of deletion and the deleted. Some also took care to mention the grammatical factors while others revolted against them. This indicates that grammarians sought to reduce the burdens of grammar and its rules, and an attempt to renew and get rid of some of the old that increases the complexity of the language. We must From reconsidering some of those old theories about which controversy has arisen, as some of those theories lead to complexity in grammar, and the Arabic language is the language of the Qur’an and it is the eternal language until the Day of Resurrection، and renewing the vision in those theories is what preserves the vitality of that language, and life in its development is unknown. Stopping and stagnation. These theories are considered the fundamental rules of grammar, and these are the rules from which the modern theories of grammarians emerged. The theory of evidence is considered the first seed of the science of grammar and is its conclusion.

The current research aims to compare the orphan's representation of identities in the two selected novels. It also aims to explore the ideological perspectives of presenting the orphans through the "Us versus Them" mentality. The data is limited to four extracts from the selected novels, two from each. These extracts are derived from the two selected novels written by the author Daniel Handler. These novels are “The Bad Beginning” and “The End," which is derived from “Lemony Snickets' A Series of Unfortunate Events." The analysis involves two characters: Violet is the eldest sister 14 years old and Klaus is the middle with 12 years old. The model of van Dijk’s (2006, 2008) Socio-cognitive approach and ideological square was adopted. Both Violet and Klaus adopt social and personal identities in their concerned extracts. They behave like adults people, forgetting their childhood. Based on ideological views, they reflect their personal identity when expressing their own reasonability, giving themselves weight as sensitive persons, not children.

This study explores two main concepts: searching for a personal legend and pursuing happiness in Paulo Coelho’s The Alchemist (1988). The study will be conducted by applying Jungian archetype theory to analyze and trace some archetypal characters in the novel. The novel shows that happiness comes from an individual striving to continue his inner journey toward his personal legend, which deepens the importance of the psychological side of the personality. The novel stresses that real happiness lies in achieving inner peace rather than being related to material things. The characters in the novel, mainly Santiago, will be examined according to the Archetype theory. The novel highlights that the individual’s way to achieve personal legend and happiness results from his/her inner journey to reach that. Thus, the archetypal characters in the novel are symbolic as they represent the challenge and the inner force that face the individuals in their journey towards happiness and self-actualization. The study demonstrates the novel value on the philosophical and psychological levels. It also increases the reader’s understanding of finding real happiness and inspires them to strive toward personal legend.

The research investigated the extent to which a strategy based on preferred learning and intelligence learning skills succeeded in helping students in Iraqi schools improve their speaking and reading abilities. By using qualitative research methodology, the study examines the functions, theories, difficulties, advantages, and limitations of preferred learning strategies and IQ skills for advancing language proficiency. The study aims to shed light on how to raise academic achievement and language teaching in Iraqi educational institutions. According to research, Preferred Learning and Intelligence Learning Skills have a lot to offer in improving language proficiency, student development, improving cognitive skills, and creating an enjoyable learning environment—professional development for teachers and curriculum integration.