Al-Fatih journal

Football specialized schools have witnessed a great development, and this is evident from the levels reached by developed countries, and this development is the result of great care in conducting research and studies for the purpose of identifying the best methods, levels and teaching methods in developing cognitive aspects and learning performance, especially football, and herein lies the problem Find the answer to the following question
- Did the skill exercises according to my reciprocal method have an effect on learning my skills of dribbling and handling football for beginners or not?
The researcher adopted the experimental method with the design of the two experimental groups as a basis for the implementation of the research, due to its relevance and the nature of the problem to be investigated. The research community included the members of the football school in Khalis affiliated to the Khalis Youth Forum for the year (2019-2020), and they numbered (70) players. As for the research sample, it included a group of (26) players belonging to the football school in the Al-Khalis Youth Sports Forum.
(a) The first experimental group.
(B) The second experimental group.
(3) students were taken from each group in the exploratory experiment of the research, and they constituted (76.92%) of the research sample population.

The current research aims to identify the differences in the non-adaptive cognitive schemas and the personal space between the fatherless students and their normal peers in general. The researcher used several samples for the purposes of measuring scales and statistical analysis. The sample was a stratified random sample (400) male and female students from secondary and middle schools in the Hamdaniya District Center. The researcher adopted the scale, Jeffrey Young, translated by (Hadi, 2019), and the researcher carried out the procedures of honesty and calculating the discrimination of the paragraphs. She also calculated the stability on the sample consisting of (45) male and female students, and in the end she obtained (65) items for the non-adaptive cognitive schemas scale after deleting (10) paragraphs, and as for the personal space scale, the researcher built it according to the steps of building the scale and in terms of formulating the paragraphs, extracting their apparent validity and calculating the discriminatory strength of the paragraphs and constructive honesty. From (116) male and female students, which are distributed among (58) male and female students of the missing father and (58) male and female students from the normal, and comparisons were made between the two research samples by using the t-test for two independent samples, and the results were obtained
1. The results showed that there are statistically significant differences in favor of the missing father in the arithmetic averages on the non-adaptive cognitive schemas scale.
2. The results showed between the missing and normal sample individuals that there are statistically significant differences in favor of the missing father in the arithmetic averages on the personal space scale.
Through the results, the researcher concludes that the students who are missing the father of the non-adaptive cognitive schemas are at an average level, meaning that they fall within the normal level. That is, the loss of the father did not negatively affect their plans. The researcher also presented a number of
recommendations: The middle school teacher should be a role model for ordinary students who have lost their father, directing them on a permanent basis, and monitoring their plans without turning them into neurotic, non-adaptive cognitive schemes. The educational counselor should take his role in solving students' problems related to non-adaptive cognitive schemas and the personal space. To complete the current study, the researcher suggests the following: Conducting a study on non-adaptive cognitive schemas and their relationship (self-confidence, ego strength, achievement).

This research aims to identify the extent to which pivotal thinking skills are included in the content of Arabic grammar for the second intermediate grade.To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher follows the descriptive analytical approach (2018-2019).A list of the main pivotal thinking skills which consist of (8) skills including (21) sub-skills, is prepared.To check the validity of the search tool ,it is presented to a group of specialized experts and arbitrators, to determine its suitability for the purpose for which it is developed, and then to ascertain its sincerity. After that, the content of the Arabic grammar topics is analyzed in the light of the analysis tool as well the SCOTT equation is used to confirm its stability which reached to (70%).
To extract the results, the researcher uses frequencies and percentages, and the most prominent results of the research are as follows:
The research shows that the most available pivotal thinking skills are analysis, information gathering, and evaluation, and the least skills are generation and integration. It is also found that there is a difference in the availability of other thinking skills within the subjects of Arabic grammar, with less availability and variance.
The pivotal thinking skills that are adopted in the research tool is to fit the students' abilities.
In light of the results, a number of recommendations and proposals are presented :
It is necessary to include pivotal thinking skills in a balanced manner in the content (exercises and activities) of the Arabic grammar , while addressing some topics to develop pivotal thinking skills which should be suitable to the age level of the student. It is also recommended to conduct some empirical studies in the skills of pivotal thinking.

The current research aims to identify:
1- The cognitive integration among sixth-grade literary students.
2- Significance of differences in cognitive integration among sixth-grade literary students according to the gender variable (male-female)
3- The correlation between cognitive integration and the achievement of the sixth-grade literary students in the subject of history.
4- The significance of the statistical differences in the correlation between cognitive integration and the achievement of the sixth-grade literary students in the subject of history according to the gender variable (males – females).
The current research was limited to a sample of (337) male and female students with 40% of the research community in the sixth literary grade in the public preparatory and secondary day schools for boys and girls affiliated to the General Directorate of Education of Diyala Governorate, Baquba District, for the academic year (2021-2022). For the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research, the researcher built a scale of cognitive integration. The scale was presented to 20 jury members, experts and specialists in the field of educational and psychological sciences and methods of teaching history, measurement, and evaluation , as it consists of (44) items in its initial form. The jury members gave their notes on the scale's items, and the researcher relied on the opinions of the experts with the adoption of the value (chi-square) to keep the item, or delete it, or modify it. Some items were deleted, others were added and other items were modified, so the number of items became (40) items. After verifying the validity by the method of face validity, construction validity and verifying the reliability in two ways of re-testing, the reliability coefficient reached (0.85) - and the method of the alpha-Cronbach equation was (0.88). As the researcher relied on the statistical package for social sciences (spss) and the (Excel) software to extract the results, which are (T-test) for one sample, T-test ) for two independent samples, Cronbach’s alpha equation, Pearson correlation coefficient, skewness coefficient, flatness coefficient, standard error, arithmetic mean, median, and mode.
The following results showed that:
1- The research sample has cognitive integration.
2- The level of cognitive integration is affected by gender (males, females) in favor of females for the research sample.
3- There is a positive, direct, and statistically significant correlation between cognitive integration and academic achievement, because students who have cognitive integration have a higher level of achievement.
In light of the findings, the researcher recommends the following:
1- The educational institutions should constantly develop the capabilities of the learners in order to absorb different types of knowledge and its applications and produce great results in cognitive integration.
2- Maintaining the provision of information and knowledge in a coherent and gradual manner in order to maintain the students' ability to maintain their cognitive integration.
To complement the current research, the researcher suggested the following:
1- Develop a proposed teaching program for male and female history teachers to provide their students with cognitive integration in order to develop their cognitive activities.
3- Conducting a study similar to the current study on other samples (primary school teachers, secondary school teachers, principals).

The study aimed to identify the transferring the professional practices at the school principals of general education schools for the primary stage in the Qassim region during the Corona pandemic (COVID-19). This study has been adopted the descriptive analytical method; for the purpose of achieving the study’s objectives, a questionnaire has been prepared consisting of (32) paragraph divided into two fields, the field of teaching and learning operations management and the number of its paragraphs is (17), and the field of sustainable professional development and the number of its paragraphs is (15). It was applied to a sample consisting of (238) school principals. The results of the study showed that the field of teaching and learning operations management ranked first and with a high degree, while the field of sustainable professional development ranked second and with a medium degree in transferring the professional practices at the school principals of general education schools for the primary stage in the Qassim region during the Corona pandemic (COVID-19). The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences between the average estimates of the study sample members in the two fields of the questionnaire as a whole, attributed to the gender variable, in favor of the estimates of (males), and the absence of statistically significant differences between the average estimates of the study sample members in the two fields of the questionnaire as a whole that attributed to the variables of educational qualification and the number of years of experience.

The research aims to identify the effect of the brainstorming method on the achievement of students of Islamic sciences faculties in the Subject of Methods of Teaching. The experimental approach was adopted in the study, and the sample consisted of (114) third stage students in the Department of Quranic Sciences and Islamic Education - University of Diyala. As the researcher conducted equivalence between the two research groups in the following variables: the chronological age, and the academic achievement of the parents. At the end of the research, the researcher reached the superiority of the experimental group over the control group. Therefore, the researcher recommended the adoption of the brainstorming method in teaching the subject of methods of teaching to the third stage students, as it leads to raising their level of achievement.

This study aimed to identify the level of career involvement of the teachers of the lower basic stage in the Hebron Education Directorate from the point of view of school principals, and the effect of gender variables, educational qualification, and the number of years of experience in this. The study relied on the descriptive approach, and the study community consisted of (104) principals. And one of the principals of the lower primary stage in the Hebron Education Directorate, during the academic semester (2022-2021),
The sample size of the study consisted of (50) principals who were chosen by the stratified random sampling method, i.e. (51%) of the study population, and a questionnaire was distributed to them to measure the level of career involvement of the teachers of the lower basic stage from the point of view of the school principals, consisting of (26). A paragraph divided into three dimensions (the first dimension is connections, the second dimension is sacrifice, and the third dimension is convenience). With an arithmetic average of (2.88)Also, there were no statistically significant differences at the significance level (α ≤ 0.05) between the average estimates of the study sample members of the level of job dedication of the teachers of the lower basic stage in the Hebron Education Directorate from the point of view of school principals due to independent variables; (gender, educational qualification, and years of experience).

The current research aims to know the extent to which Arabic language teachers practice the principles of effective teaching in their teaching performance. The researcher followed the descriptive analytical approach. The research community consisted of male and female teachers of Arabic language in the middle school for the academic year 2019-2020, who numbered (812). His sample amounted to (162) teachers and schools, the research tool consisted of a measure of teaching performance and the number of its paragraphs was (79) items whose stability was confirmed. The researcher used the Pearson correlation coefficient, the T-test for one sample, the T-test for two independent samples and statistical means. The results of the research proved the low level of teaching performance among the sample members of the Arabic language teachers in the intermediate stage. The researcher concluded that the reality of the situation indicates the weak interest of teachers in the principles of effective teaching, which indicates the need to conduct more studies and research to find out the real reasons behind this phenomenon. The researcher recommended the need to focus on developing the teaching skills of teachers of Arabic language through providing knowledge related to the use of effective teaching strategies that make the student the focus of the educational process. Effective in middle school.

يرمي البحث الحالي الى معرفة اثر انموذج فيرمونت في تحصيل طلاب الصف الرابع الادبي بمادة الأدب والنصوص، استعمل الباحث التّصميم التّجريبي ذا الضّبط الجزئي لمجموعتين تجريبية وضابطة ، تكونت عينة البحث من (71) طالباً للعام الدّراسي (2021- 2022 )، اعد الباحث اختباراً تحصيلياً تم التأكد من صدقه وثباته ، دلت نتائج البحث الى تفوق طلاب المجموعة التّجريبية على طلاب المجموعة الضّابطة في الاختبار التحصيلي, ومن خلال هذه النتيجة استنتج الباحث ان لأنموذج فيرمونت اثراً في تحصيل الطلاب ضمن حدود البحث , وقد اوصى بعدد من التوصيات منها ضرورة اتباع النماذج الحديثة في التدريس, واقترح اجراء دراسة تتناول انموذج فيرمونت في متغيرات ومواد دراسية أخرى.

The study aimed to identify the effect of the sequential exercise method in learning the skill of handling and scoring in football for first-intermediate students, through special educational units of the method, numbering (12) educational units with a time of (90) minutes for each educational unit. The researcher used the experimental approach since it suits the nature of the research, as the research sample was selected from the first intermediate students for boys, who were (20) students, in learning the skills of handling and scoring in football, according to the adopted curriculum, as well as conducting pre tests and applying the curriculum. After that, they conducted post-tests for the study sample and used the statistical package for social sciences to process the data and extract the results.
The researcher reached the following conclusion, that the sequential exercise method has an effective and impactful effect on learning the skills of handling and scoring in football for first intermediate students.
In light of the conclusions, the researcher recommends the following.
. Emphasis on the sequential method in learning the skills of handling and scoring in football.
. Conducting other studies in other skills.
. Using other methods to learn other basic football skills.

The aim of the research is to identify the level of full psychological presence and positive thinking and the nature of the relationship between them, and to reveal the difference in the two variables (sex - stage), The basic sample in the research reached (330) university students, by (180) males, and (150) females. , who were randomly selected stratified, and the researcher prepared the two scales, and then extracted their apparent and structural validity, and stability by retesting, The results were reached using the Statistics Package (SPSS), the most prominent of which was that the level of full psychological presence and positive thinking among university students is within the average level, and there is a statistically significant relationship between them. The researcher has developed a set of recommendations, including the interest and focus of the Ministry of Higher Education in continuing to hold scientific and educational (courses - seminars), the aim of which is to contribute to raising the level of full psychological presence and positive thinking, The researcher put forward proposals, the most prominent of which is the study of full psychological presence and positive thinking on other samples (the preparatory stage, male and female graduates, teachers and teachers).

The current study aims to identify:
1- The Positive Thinking among educational counselors.
2- The Wisdom Based Performance for Postgraduate among educational counselors .
3- reveal the relationship Correlation between emotional support and exploratory behavior .
4- Effect extent Positive Thinking in Wisdom Based Performance for Postgraduate among educational counselors .
The research sample consisted the researcher relied on a scale (Al- Hilali ,2013) Positive Thinking which in its final form consists of (39) paragraph , The researcher also adopted a scale (Al- Araji, 2019 ) The Wisdom Based Performance for Postgraduate which in its final form consists of (50) paradraph , After checking the pro-speaker characteristics of the two main components of the mainstream search (200) Guide and guard ,In light ofthe results the researcher presented a set of recommendations and suggestions.

"The current research seeks to explore the challenges of e-learning for male and female teachers of history in secondary schools, as well as to identify the importance of gender differences in the obstacles of e-learning for male and female teachers in secondary school in Anbar Governorate. The research was carried out in the first semester of 2020-2021. The researcher used the descriptive analytical approach. TThe study population included male and female teachers of history at secondary schools in the Anbar Governorate - Fallujah District, and the research sample included (1127) male and female history teachers".

This Research aimed to investigate the impact of the generative learning model in improving the number sense skills in mathematics for basic stage students in Jordan.
The target group of research consisted of (72) sixth grade male students studied at Nazzal UNRWA preparatory Boys School 2. The research used the semi-Experimental Method. A test of Number Sense Skills was prepared by the researchers to achieve the object of the study.
The results of the earlier mentioned test showed that there were statistically significant differences between experimental group and control group depending on the average performance of post-test. The result of the indicated test that the differences were in favor of the experimental-group in average performance.

Aim of the study :
To reveal the obstacles of the electronic tests application on the peoples by point of view of the secondary schools managers.
The samples was contain of (165) managers(male and female) in Diyala education directorate were chosen in random method, and to achieve the aim of the research the authors depend on the descriptive method, and used the open formula on the scouting samples (50) manager from those whose not involved in research sample and to achieve the aims of this research by doing the tool to measure (electric tests obstacles for middle stage ) depend on the response of the scouting research sample.
The author was a shore for the psychometric properties . The honesty was extract by two methods: External honest and building honest , also extract the constancy by two methods: Repeated test, the constancy reach (0.87) but the Facronbach the constancy reach (0.81) , the measure formed in the final feature in (42) paragraph is measurable . The statistical treatment was done by use (Arithmetic's mean, standard deviation, T-test for one sample , T-test for two samples , Berson correlation coefficient, Variance analysis , Decline analysis. Z- test, SPSS ).
The net result: The results of this research to know the level of obstacles who appeared in the secondary schools managers in high level.
There is no effect of the sex variable ( males and females) in the level of the obstacles determination who appear in front the application of the electric learning in the secondary schools among the managers.
And there are multiple suggestions according the results of the research.

The research aims at identifying the quality criteria for the teacher and the textbooks of vocational education in Iraq. In order to achieve the goals of this research the researcher used the descriptive curriculum which stands on the logical sequence of thoughts throughout the following: knowing what are the quality criteria for collecting and explaining the information that is beneficial to the research study, Furthermore discussing the stages of quality in vocational education, characteristics of educational criteria, characteristics of educational criteria of the textbook, quality criteria for teacher, what is quality, and then give a suggested overview of the quality criteria for the teacher and the textbooks of vocational education. The research paper gives some recommendations to clarify and raise awareness of the concepts of quality criteria and the scientific steps in the application for teachers and employees in vocational education theoretically and practically. In addition the importance of applying the quality criteria in vocational educational schools. Moreover the coordination with the educational planning section and the Directorate of Vocational Education to expand vocational education by opening new vocational sections to cope with the sweeping development in all fields for the labor market.

The current research aims to find out (the effect of the two strategies of matting the place and creating the error in the collection of the history subject for the eleventh grade students). To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher chose an experimental design with partial control of the three research groups, and a post-test, and defining the research community limited to the eleventh grade students Ten, who are studying in preparatory and secondary day schools of the General Directorate of Erbil Education -Department of Education, Dashti Hawler for the academic year (2022-2023). The research sample was intentionally chosen, which amounted to (84) students, with (24) students in the first experimental group, which studied subject History according to the place mat strategy, and (25) students in the second experimental group who studied history according to the find the error strategy, and (27) students in the control group who studied the same subject in the traditional way, and (8) students were excluded.
Following the identification of the scientific subjects that the researcher would examine during the five-chapter experiment, she developed behavioral goals that met (121) objectives and created an accomplishment test with (50) test items, including (41) multiple-choice items and (9) paragraphs of the kind of essay questions, as its veracity, stability, and selective power had all been determined. And after analyzing the results of the students’ answers and processing them statistically using one-way analysis of variance and the Schiff’s method to find out the significance of the difference at the level (0.05) between groups, the results appeared: There was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the students of the three groups in the achievement test, and the result was in favor of the two experimental groups, and the study came out A number of conclusions, recommendations and proposals.

The main goal of this study is to introduce the Psychological Empowerment of pre-school teachers, statistically significant differences in the psychological empowerment based on experience, and the psychological empowerment of the teachers based on marital status.
The study methodology was to use a sample of teachers form to all the Education Directories in Baghdad under both Al Karkh and Al Rasafa districts for the school year 2021-2022. The sample included 400 teachers using simple random sampling. The researcher built a Psychological Empowerment measure. This measure included 30 items that covered four fields (meaning, efficiency, freedom of choice and effectiveness). Then the measure was reviewed by experts in the pre-school education and educational psychology fields.
The researcher also used two types of psychological validities, external validity, and construct validity. Two measures of, the reliability were estimated, and their coefficient were calculated. The Test-retest reliability coefficient was found to be 0.85 and Cronbach’s Alpha was found to be 0.78, and after using the psychological empowerment measure on the sampled individuals; data were collected and processed using SPSS Software. The study concluded the following:
1. Pre-school teachers in general have psychological empowerment.
2. There are statistically significant differences in teachers’ psychological empowerment based on experience.
3. There are no differences in psychological empowerment based on the marital status of the teacher.
Based on the above-mentioned results, the researcher outlined some recommendations and suggestions.

The current research aims to develop the skill of fifth grade pupils in handicrafts for paper mask making skills.
To study this, the researcher determined building teaching plans for handicraft skills for paper mask making skills according to (brainstorming strategy and two null hypotheses were formulated):
. There are no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the grades of the two groups' students (experimental and control) in assessing the skill performance (tribally)
. There are no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (0.05) between the grades of the grades of the two groups (experimental and control) in assessing the skill performance (dimensional .
The results of this research showed the following:
The effectiveness of instructional plans according to (brainstorming strategy) in developing the skill of fifth grade primary students - the experimental group which had a positive effect to get the desired results.

The current research aims to identify (mental habits and their relationship to the achievement of history among students of the fourth literary grade). To verify the objectives of the research, the following questions must be answered:
● What is the level of mental habits of the fourth literary grade students?
● What is the correlative relationship between mental habits and the achievement of the subject of the history of Arab-Islamic civilization among students of the fourth literary grade?
● What is the contribution of mental habits to the achievement of the subject of the history of Arab-Islamic civilization among students of the literary fourth grade?
The current research community consists of fourth-grade literary students who study in government secondary and preparatory schools of the Directorate of Diyala Governorate / Baquba Center for the academic year (2021-2022 AD), and their number is (400) students distributed over (13) schools.
The researcher used the descriptive correlative research method on a sample of (70) fourth-grade literary students, and the sample was chosen by random method. Costa and Calek collected it in a model, and it was called the Costa model of habits of mind. The scale may be in its initial form of (90) items distributed over (16) habits of mind habits, and each habit contained (5-6) positive and negative items, that is, by (61) items positive and (29) negative paragraphs as in Appendix (1). Each paragraph is followed by five alternatives (always, often, sometimes, rarely, never). After applying the tool and processing it statistically, the results showed the following:
● Students of the fourth literary grade (research sample) have an above-average level of mental habits.
● The correlative relationship between the mental habits variables and the academic achievement of fourth-grade literary students is a strong and statistically significant relationship.
In light of these results, the researcher reached the following conclusions:
● There is a correlation between most educational and psychological variables with academic achievement, especially the mental habits variable, since the latter is an integrative process involving many of the behaviors that the individual performs during learning.
Through the results reached by the researcher, he recommends a number of recommendations, which are as follows:
● Conducting more studies that deal with educational and psychological variables and know their relationships with different educational variables such as retention of achievement, motivation to learn, and willingness to learn.
In light of the results reached by the researcher and to complement the results of the research, he proposes the following proposals:
● Conducting a similar study to identify the relationship between mental habits and other educational variables such as retention, readiness, attention and motivation.

The research aims to define the concept of the school library, and what it is in light of sustainable development, define sustainable development and its goals in the United Nations Plan 2030, highlight the goals of sustainable development in school libraries, and draw the attention of officials in the Iraqi Ministry of Education in general and the Diyala Education Directorate in particular. . As for the research methodology, the research adopted the field descriptive approach because it is the most appropriate to the nature and requirements of the research. As for the most important findings of the research, there is a decrease in the level of implementation of the goals of sustainable development, as the percentage of implementation of them reached 37.5%, in addition to the weakness of the financial allocations granted to school libraries.

The study aims at finding out the effect of using blended learning on the achievement of second-year students in comprehension. The study sample consists of (30) Iraqi EFL students enrolled in the English language department at College of Basic Education at Diyala University. It is distributed into two groups: the experimental group (15 students) is taught by using blended learning and the control group (15 students) is taught by using the traditional method. The main tool of the present study is measured by using an achievement test. Means, standard NCOVA were used to analyze the data. The study analysis reveals the following results: There are statistical significant differences in the mean scores between the experimental group students, and the control group students in favor of the experimental group.