Mustansiriyah journal of pure and applied sciences

Due to the simple structure of one-dimensional chaotic mapping, there may be problems such
as lack of security in applying to image encryption; so many researchers have proposed some highdimensional chaotic mapping to apply to image encryption. However, high-dimensional chaotic
mapping may be difficult to be applied in practice because of its complex structure and high cost. So
this paper proposes an image encryption method with a relatively simple structure, low cost, and
good encryption effect. The Proposed method combines a chaotic system with 3D nonlinear function
iterative systems to encrypt images. First, a sequence is generated iteratively according to the given
chaotic system, and then the sequence is used to call multiple three-dimensional nonlinear function
systems in the group and perform operations in turn; then the iterative operations are performed
according to the image size; finally, the chaotic sequence generated by the iteration and the grayscale
image is subjected to an XOR operation. The phase diagram and bifurcation diagram determine the
iterative sequence to have chaotic solid properties. The algorithm performs only a simple XOR
operation, but the experimental results show the scheme is feasible.

Thin films of undoped iron oxide and aluminium-doped Fe2O3, with 1%, 2%, and 3% Al content, were deposited using a spray pyrolysis technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-VIS spectroscopy were used to examine the structural and optical characteristics of the deposited films. According to the findings and the density functional theory (DFT), Fe2O3has a cubic structure. DFT suggested the exchange-correlation functions via the generalized gradientapproximation (GGA). Transmittance decreased from 61% (for Fe2O3) to 41% (for Al-doped with 3%). According to experimental optical measurements, the energy gap increased from 2.27 eV to 2.65 eV. However, in theoretical results, with an increase in Al doping, it grew from 2.17 to 2.45 . Theoretical predictions and experimental data were highly compatible.

Almost one is capable to change injected current into easily, so, our simulation focuses on the
effect of injected current on saturation power achieved with various fast dynamics included , ,
and . The effects at saturation power and its compression close saturation region are studied
in the research. The association of input power or output power at which the noise start to be less has
applications concerned traffic data in the data center.

The casting method was used to prepared pure polyvinyl alcohol PVA and doped by
potassium permanganate (PVA/KMnO4) films, with different weight ratios (2, 4, 6, 8) Wt% of
potassium permanganate in order to investigate the impact of potassium permanganate on the optical
properties and FTIR spectroscopy of the prepared films. Infrared spectra in the wavenumber range
(600-2000) cm-1
used to study the effect of doped on the functional groups of polyvinyl alcohol. UVVIS spectroscopy was used to study the optical properties for the samples and based on these spectra,
the optical energy gap was calculated, which was in the range 3.2 eV for the pure films and decreases
with increasing the doping ratio of potassium permanganate to be 2.62 eV. The absorption
coefficient, extinction coefficient, refractive index, the dielectric constant and optical conductivity
were also studied under the influence of doping ratios.

Ultrasound is a mechanical energy which can generate altering zones of compression and rarefaction
along its path in the tissues. Ultrasound imaging can provide a real time screening for blood and
multiple organs to aiding the diagnostic and treatment. However, ultrasound has the potential to
deposit energy in the blood and tissues causing bio effects which is depending on ultrasound
characteristics that including frequency and the amount of intensity. These bio effects include either a
stable cavitation presented non thermal effects or inertial cavitation of harmful effect on the tissues.
The non-thermal cavitation can add features in diagnostic imaging and treatment more than the
inertial cavitation. Ultrasound Contrast agents are a microbubble of high scattering signals that are
well developed and injected intravenously to obtain good contrast image among tissues which have
very low difference in their acoustic impedance.
The fundamental of this review is to summarize the physics concepts of ultrasound in medical
imaging in relation to the stimulation of cavitation phenomena, whether it is free formation or
encapsulated microbubbles in connected to the physical parameters that regulate the degree of bio
effects, mechanical index and their role in introducing a contrast image to improve the medical
diagnostic.

In the field of image processing, feature extraction is very important. Various image pre-processing
procedures, including scaling, downscaling, resizing, normalization, etc., are applied to the sampled
image before features are acquired. Features that would be relevant for image classification and
recognition are then extracted using feature extraction methods. Many problems arose in biometric
methods (fingerprint, iris, face), which led to the search for new biometrics to identify a person,
avoid disease obstacles, continuous change with age, and others. The aim of this work is to present an
ear system based on the power extraction of biometric field features of the ear. The proposed system
will extract the robust features using the FAST method. This system reduces sprint time while
maintaining its accuracy. This is done in two stages, the first stage, is the application of several preprocessing techniques which included the process of a) conversion to grayscale, b) binary filter, c)
image brightness, histogram equalization, and image noise reduction. In the second stage, the method
of transforming the fixed attribute variable FAST is used to determine the extraction of the force field
feature. Where 70% images were used for the purpose of training and 30% for the purpose of
testing. The accuracy of these figures was tested, reaching 95%, and therefore they can be adopted in
the classification process in the future by choosing any algorithm.

a new algorithm for audio encryption is presented in this work, the simple structure chaotic
logistic map based to perform permutation mechanism where the position of the audio samples are
rearrangement again with the purpose of break correlation, lately based on key stream generated from
complex hyper-chaotic system diffusion operation is done with the aim of fill silent periods within
the speech conversation to ambiguity the critical information and successful encryption operation.
to ensure the security and efficiency of proposed method many quality metrics analysis are
done such as histogram, waveform, entropy, key space, correlation coefficient, differential and speed
performance, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm characteristics with
high level of security, resistant attacks and can realize the real time.

In this paper, the effect of adding silver nanoparticles to a solution of Rh B dye dissolved in ethyl
alcohol with a molar concentration (1x10-5M) on the spectral properties (absorption and
fluorescence) was studied. The results showed an increase in the absorbance peaks and suppression
of the fluorescence peaks by adding silver nanoparticles. The results showed an improvement in the
absorption peaks with an increase in the added weights and suppression of fluorescence. The
phenomenon of damping at the apex of fluorescence is caused by the collision mechanism, by the
increase in optical path length, and by the contribution of binary molecules and chromosomal
clusters.

Reactive dyes pose a major risk to the environment and human health when they
contaminate water .In this study we prepared highly efficient a synthesis of
SnO2:CuO nanocomposite with two different concentrations by environmentally
friendly which is hydrothermal method. The technique of X-ray diffraction was
used to examine the structural properties of the materials, The FE-SEM
technology was utilized to explore and evaluate the surface morphology, FTIR
and UV–visible spectrophotometer. The results reveal from XRD that the crystal
structure of samples exhibits two phases comprising SnO2 structure that
possesses tetragonal rutile, tetragonal cell of metallic Sn, and monoclinic-phase
of CuO. FESEM images detect that the change of precursor concentration in the
range of (0.1-0.05 M) influence the shape of the nanocomposite and has an
amazing effect on the diameter size as-grown particles in the range of (53.8-
22.73) nm and photocatalysis. The FTIR spectra's presence of vibrational bands
corresponding to CuO and SnO2 confirms that these materials exist in the
nanostructure, showing that the binaries of metallic oxides have been integrated
successfully. In UV-Vis., absorption increase with thickness layer. With rising
thickness layer, the energy gap dropped from (2.05 to 1.98) eV. Using Methylene
blue as a model pollutant, the photodegradation efficiency of SnO2:CuO
nanocomposite was investigated. SnO2:CuO (95% and 92% at 135 min.) The
hydrothermal approach with two different concentrations supports the
photocatalytic activity observed in this work to remove methylene blue, and the
result is to preserve the aquatic environment as much as possible

The capabilities of the cloud are extended to intermediate network devices by fog computing,
providing computational and storage resources. This extension enables the execution of applications
closer to edge devices and end-users by deploying services on these intermediate devices. The
performance of the fog architecture is significantly impacted by the placement of these services. In
this study, iFogger, a fog computing simulator, is proposed to analyze the design and deployment of
applications using customized and dynamic strategies. To achieve this, the relationships among
deployed applications, network connections, and infrastructure characteristics are modeled using
complex network theory. This allows the integration of topological measures in dynamic and
customizable strategies, including the placement of application modules, workload location, and path
routing and scheduling of services. The iFogger simulator is built on top of the OMNeT++ network
simulator. A comparative analysis is performed to assess the efficiency and convergence of results
obtained with our simulator compared to the widely referenced iFogSim. The results show that
iFogger exhibits better performance in terms of simulation time convergence.

In the middle of the remarkable increase in data and information obtained through reliable search
sites for the purpose of increasing operational efficiency and improving experiences in the business
world and in government departments. It has become difficult to reach accurate information that
benefits the user due to its abundance, as well as it is difficult to obtain the accumulated experiences
and the obstacles that the customer faces in order to find similar solutions that the employee needs to
obtain in order to solve a specific problem or how to increase production and improve expertise.
Despite this, knowledge management systems have faced great obstacles, the most important of
which is data security and how to preserve it. In this review, some experiences of governments were
highlighted randomly from all over the globe, which used knowledge management systems for
information technology, including American, Singaporean and Australian experience. It also
reviewed the different processes on how to acquire and generate knowledge and how to capture,
store, exchange and apply this knowledge by means of information technology while maintaining
data security. These experiences of these countries were considered a decisive tool to solve, improve
and increase the efficiency of productivity and were also considered a good way to get out of these
obstacles when faced by government employees in the absence of cumulative and informational
experience, due to lack of experience or recent work in these departments. So that KMS plays a huge
role in addressing these problems.