Iraqi Journal for Administrative Sciences

This study aimed to identify the smart government and its applications in intelligent transport and its impact on the variables of the operational efficiency of the transport system ( Increase the operational efficiency variables of the transport system , improvement the levels of movement and comfort for itinerants , improvement the level of traffic safety , Reduce energy consumption and reduce environmental impacts improve productivity for organizations and individuals ). ) as well as identify the problems facing the transport system in the Iraq and the most important strategies proposed for the application of smart transport,on the sample in the Iraqi organizations ( university of the AL-Furat AL-Awsat technical and Directorate of Babylon Traffic ) ( population study) , the study sample consisted of ( 64 ) individuals who have the ability to express their opinions in this field ( civil Engineering , Electronic Engineering or Electricity , computer , communication ) , where a questionnaire was developed to collect the needed data to measure the variables of study .
For testing hypothesis used descriptive statistics and simple regression and reached that there is an impact of intelligent transportation system of the public transport and comfort for itinerant sand improve productivity for organizations and individuals ) , which has no effect in the dimensions ( improvement the level of traffic safety , reduce energy consumption). The study recommended that the Iraqi government must develop a structural Map of the intelligent Transportation system in Iraq to development specifications and methods as a strategic framework through which the activities of the various parties involved can be integrated and unified policies within it , as well as taking priority and importance in the application of intelligent transport according to an approved strategy and the operation of empirical projects focusing on techniques where the risk is low.

Inflation Phenomenon became evokes attentions of researchers and writers across different tenses in order to knowing the reasons that stand beyond creating this problem as well as its effects and then results which will appear later . there for whole world became looking for find the solutions and treatments for this problem regardless about economic regimes or developing levels that accurse in any country . because all them are suffering from this problem. So that arraigns monetary policy to study this problem and explains its implications . In under developing countries and Iraq is one of them inflation Phenomenon reflects their peculiarity which characterizes by entangle and complex , where these Phenomenon considers one of obstacles which confront development process. There are many reasons for create Inflation one of them are imports which lead to imported inflation because of state depend on importing in order to meet local demand if its transactions was with states Suffer from inflation.
The research aims to seek the reasons of inflation in Iraq after 2003 . and investigate rang sharing of imports in creating inflation pressure , where as it is known Iraq depend on imports vastly for facing increasing local demand . Also the research based on basic hypothesis indicates the imports share actively in booster inflationary pressures and push the prices to rise .

This research seeks to determine the intermediate effect of organizational justice in its dimensions (distributive justice, procedural justice, interactive justice) in the relationship between the organizational complexity and performance effectiveness of human resources in their dimensions (performance quality, performance effectiveness, communication, decision making). The problem of research is that organizational complexity increases because of its vulnerability to the troubled environment, which has been reflected in its negative impact on organizational justice and the effectiveness of human resources performance. The University of Karbala was chosen as a field of research and was based on the questionnaire which included (271) academic staff. We used empirical analysis and several meta-statistics for correlation and impact analysis. They have achieved several research hypotheses. We reached several important conclusions and recommendations. One of the most important findings was the contribution of organizational justice to reducing the indirect impact of an organizational complexity on the effective performance of human resources. We showed the reasons for these results. We also recommend strengthening information justice as it contributes to reducing organizational complexity.

The present study aims to frame a customer-related model by investigation the impact of the customer's commitment to word of mouth, intention to stay, the willingness to pay, and impact the affective commitment to calculative commitment and normative commitment, and then to reinforce this relationship through the interactive role of the corporate image . A sample of 525 subscribers was selected from Asia Cell customers. Using the customer survey questionnaire, the data were analyzed by modeling the structural equation. An additional analysis was used to verify the interactive role of the image, which is the multi-regression regression analysis method. The results of the study indicate that affective commitment is the most important dimension that motivates customers to spread word of mouth, intention to stay, and willingness to pay. The impact of affective commitment on calculative commitment and normative commitment. The results showed that the company's image could strengthen those relationships. The study recommended improving the relationship of the company with customers who have a willingness to maintain the relationship with the company through the use of customer profitability analysis programs.

This research aims to identify the extent to which the performance of employees effect on the strength of strategic planning as an independent variable, and as a decisive factor in the development of employees\' performance through their contribution of raising or decreasing their performance. As the successful strategic planning can achieve a breakthrough in the high level of performance of workers by developing the procedures necessary to develop their performance, and the presentation of the variables of research intellectually, and applied this research on a sample of employees in the Iraqi commercial and Islamic banks in the Karbala (80) branch and their assistants and officials of the Employees. The research also assumes that there are significant differences between the dimensions of strategic planning and performance of employees as well as the impact of strategic planning on the performance of employees. The analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis were used for all dimensions of the search variables. The results showed that the commercial and Islamic banks vary in adopting all dimensions of the strategic planning variable except after the objectives which proved the results of the analysis of variance. There are no significant differences between the banks investigated in this dimension, The third recommendation is to link the results of the strategic planning performance assessment based on these results, ensuring that performance evaluation is the main tool in strategic planning.

The research aims to explore the impact of event marketing on customer perceptions of service quality. In the sense of demonstrating the possibility of using the marketing mechanisms of the event to achieve positive perceptions of the quality of services to customers, and the extent of adoption by organizations investigating the concept of marketing the event in its dimensions and mechanisms and its applicability. Therefore, the research started from a problem expressed by a number of intellectual and applied questions, The aim of the answer is to explore the intellectual implications of the variables that the study has discussed (event marketing - customer perceptions of the quality of services) And then identify the level of importance, impact and applicability in the Iraqi communications companies. The research was applied to the communication companies in Iraq (Zain and Asia Cell), The sample analyzed (65) from different functional levels and for the purpose of data collection, the research relied on the questionnaire as a main tool prepared in the light of reliable and reliable standards in a good environment of choice as well as the opinions and ideas of researchers specialized in the field of research variables after Translated from English to Arabic, After the questionnaire data were unloaded, a set of statistics were used in the SPSS package as correlation and regression factors, and in light of statistical analysis outputs, The results showed a statistically significant relationship between the variables of the research. In the light of the results, a number of conclusions were drawn: The results of the hypothesis analysis indicate that the change in the level of availability of the event marketing is reflected in the change in the quality of services. Based on the conclusions reached, a number of recommendations have been derived. These included the need for the management of the communication companies to adopt the philosophies and methods of event marketing, The quality of its services provided and work to strengthen them.

The research aims to diagnose the level of reflection of Organizational Agility in the promotion of Customer Citizenship Behaviors through providing a knowledge framework and thought about the variables of research, supported by the comparative analytical application of the International Development Bank and Trade Bank Of Iraq (TBI) exclusively in Baghdad, The study sample consisted of (156) customers(71 customers of the International Development Bank, 85 customers of the Iraqi Bank for Trade). The questionnaire was used as a primary source of data collection, and After investigation of the scale was used a number of statistical methods and tools To validate search hypotheses, such as(mean, standard deviation, Coefficient of variation ,Spearman Correlation Coefficient, Simple Linear Regression, Mann Whitney Test).The research reached specific conclusions, the most important of these the existence of correlation relationship and positive impact of organizational agility in the customer\'s citizenship behavior of both the International Development Bank and the Trade Bank of Iraq, as well as the existence of significant differences between the two banks in the level of agility organizational dimensions and the customer\'s citizenship behavior dimensions. This is a result of the banks differ in the level of providing competence and responsiveness, flexibility and speed in providing services and the level of recommendations, assistance and feedback provided by customers to the two banks. and against which was to formulate a set of recommendations that will hopefully be taken advantage of those involved in the current research

This study seeks to determine the role played by technological capabilities in the relationship between the creative leadership and the mental image of the organization through the application in one of the private sector companies in Iraq and to achieve this was adopted the dimensions of creative leadership of (originality, flexibility, fluency, sensitivity to problems ) Based on (Suwaidan and Adlouni, 2004: 58) The dimensions of the technological capacity (R & D capabilities, production capacities, creativity and innovation capacities, relationship abilities) were adopted based on (Krajewski, 2013: 129). The dimensions of the mental image of the organization (perceived mental image, desired mental image, ) Based on (420,1999: Kreiner & Ashforth) Mental image The study was examined in private sector organizations, including Asia Cell Communications, specifically a field of research and as one of the leading telecommunications companies in Iraq. The study was applied to a sample (65) managers and employees divided by departments and functional levels in the company. The study used the questionnaire as a main tool for collecting the required information as well as personal interviews. The main and secondary hypotheses that reflect the role of technological abilities in the relationship between the creative leadership and the mental image of the organization were tested. The hypotheses were tested between the variables using the correlation factor (t) to determine the significance of the relationship between the variables and the F test to determine the significance of the regression equation. R2 was also used to explain the interpretation of the dependent variable of the dependent variable as well as its (B) statistic for the purpose of determining the independent variable effect ratio in the dependent variable. One of the most important conclusions was that the correlation analysis between the three search variables shows that the correlation paths all exceeded the threshold (0.30), which according to the classification adopted are strong correlations and this indicates that the respondent sample has a great belief that these variables have a logical correlation Among them, technological capabilities can be understood through the availability of creative leadership as well as the construction of a consciously perceived mental image through its association with creative leadership and technological capabilities. The research concluded with a number of recommendations, the most important of which is the need to work on enhancing the processes or characteristics of creative leadership within its field of work. As the company aims to expand in order to obtain a greater market share, it is imperative that it be concerned with the characteristics of creative leadership by attracting leaders Qualifications, experience, knowledge and creative mental abilities to work within the management of the company with the best possible performance through the search for these talents in training and rehabilitation institutions and graduates of academic universities.

The purpose of this research is to know the role played by Strategies Entrepreneurship in their dimensions (creativity and innovation, risk tolerance, opportunity) in the achievement of the components of creativity (fluency, originality, flexibility and sense of problems) He provided theoretical foundations for the variables and for the purpose of achieving the objectives of the research was built a hypothesis that determines the nature of the relationship and the impact between the variables, As the Strategies Entrepreneurship enables the organization to maintain its level and position in the market through the development and expansion of its business and ability to excel at competitors, while at the same time focus on the components of creativity within the bank to represent a tool that contribute to raising the quality of banking service and achieve a competitive advantage of banks strengthens their position With competitors thus achieving the largest market share possible, The study was conducted on a sample of Iraqi government and private banks to obtain the necessary information through a questionnaire prepared for this purpose distributed to a sample of (8) banks. The number of respondents was(71) representing administrative leaders and employees at different levels, The study used a set of advanced statistical methods as simple and multiple correlation coefficients to measure correlation between variables, t, simple and multiple regression analysis, and (F), and (R2) was used to explain the effect of the independent variable in the dependent variable. A group of conclusions was the most important that there is a significant role of Strategies Entrepreneurship in the components of innovation in the banks surveyed and concluded the research with a set of recommendations, the most important intensification of the knowledge effort on the topics of modern management

To distinguish any organization from other competitors is through a unique set of skills, these skills are called core competencies. With today's competition, knowledge is power, in front of other competing organizations. Intellectual capital management can be to be constrained, both large and small organizations have acquired information, and knowledge from organizations can be attributed to improvements
This research aim to identify the relationship between tacit knowledge and competencies in The General Company for Mechanical Industries in Alexandria. And for the reason of limited studies that dealt with the relationship between the two variables, especially in the Iraqi environment, the current research sought to address the two variables in order to study and determine the nature of the relationship between them, as well as the theoretical coverage of each. In order to achieve the objective of this research, two main hypotheses were tested; a random sample consisting of 72 employees of the surveyed company. The data were statistically processed using several statistical methods (simple correlation coefficient, simple regression analysis, T test, F test, interpretation coefficient). The research reached several conclusions, most notably as follow:
1. The results of the statistical analysis confirm the acceptance of the first main research hypothesis (the existence of a positive relationship between the tacit knowledge and the competencies. This means that the respondents are aware of the importance of tacit knowledge which contributes to making the intrinsic capabilities more positive to achieve the organizational goals and improve the overall performance, in the sense that improving and increasing efficiency requires a lot of joint work.
2. The company needs other core capabilities, such as the technology capabilities that are the basis of the company and complementary to other capabilities possessed by employees.
The research concluded with a number of recommendations, the most important of which is; “The need for management attention in the company in question, for the knowledge of the implicit knowledge to realize the intrinsic capabilities by increasing sales, building a brand, maintaining the competitive and financial position and the company".

The research identified a problem that exacerbated the challenges and administrative obstacles faced by most contemporary organizations. Hence, it is clear to us that its importance is through searching for the problem through a series of questions about whether there is a correlation between search variables. In order to test the validity of the hypotheses, the data were collected through the questionnaire and prepared for this purpose. A sample was tested of the teaching staff and staff of the University of Babylon. Data were analyzed using a set of statistical methods and results were extracted using SPSS. In the light of the results and their analyzes, the research concluded that the training has a prominent role in improving the performance and work methods of the individual and the organization, thus improving the quality of service in general and the educational service in particular. One of the most important means of organizations seeking to obtain the quality of their services and achieve the desired goal. Finally, the research presented a set of recommendations, namely the need to work in the spirit of one team and create an environment conducive to the need to increase awareness of the importance of Coordination quality standards, and the need to support and support of senior management to the idea of quality with the development of operational manuals for quality units supervised by specialized equipment and qualified experts to implement quality programs

The research aims to address the problem represented by (in light of the growing deficit and increasing public debt: does the Iraqi economy have the ability to achieve financial sustainability), so the research focused on the hypothesis that the Iraqi economy can achieve financial sustainability. To verify this, the research was divided into three sections. In addition, the time limits of the research included the period extending from the years 1990-2016. In conclusion, results were reached, of which the unit root indicates that all the research variables were stable for the first difference. The results also confirmed that public expenditures are growing at a faster rate than revenues. the public. That is, the slope is less than one (0.92), and this indicates Iraq’s inability to repay debts and contain their burdens. Therefore, the research recommends increasing the importance of other revenues by raising the efficiency of border crossings and collecting customs revenues correctly, in addition to building a database of those subject to taxes and holding them accountable if they evade paying them.

The time managing has become a base to generate wealth in the modern economy, thus its importance increased and motivated the organizations to work for providing management concerned with which known as time managements.
The study discussed the impact of the time management in the creativity and competition which indicates a contemporary vision to manage time and its role in consolidating the continues creativity through understanding the administrative concepts leaders and the employees in the university institution.
This study was applied to a sample consists of (52) academic leader (deans, their assistants and departments heads in the university institution), it depends on the questionnaire as a basic tool to collect data and information relating to the study which have been handled and analyzed by using many of the statistical methods which are (arithmetic mean, rate of response, standard deviation and the coefficient of standard difference).