Journal of The Iraqi University

Summary
Controversy is a human nature and the term controversy in the Holy Quran has many purposes, Any controversy contrary to Islam's teachings is undignified, such as bragging or invalidating the right. In conclusion, there is no end to the debate. The examples of the Holy Quran as the sea are not implemented and its benefits and news are not implemented. And the argument of infidelity does not end with time, but is constantly lost to the day of religion, For believing that they are right, Muslims and prophets are false, but the controversy of prophets always wins to pair them with whatever is right from heaven, Allah , gives his prophets the arguments and proof to always be correct.

Summary
The Book of God Almighty is replete with buildings and meanings that have clarified many actions and sayings, including those related to the sublime essence, and some of these actions God Almighty commanded His servants to do, which indicates the sublimity and greatness of these actions, including peace, as God, the Blessed and Exalted, commanded it, and he did it by submitting it. over the number of his creation. In order to identify the purposes of God's peace, blessed be His name, upon His servants, this research was tagged (God's peace be upon the prophets in the Holy Qur'an - an objective study), in which I tried my best to explain the meaning, purposes and goals of this peace. What distinguishes this research from other studies that dealt with this topic is the focus on the purposes and objectives of the peace of God Almighty and not stopping at the limits of the interpretation of words and verses that prevailed in the two previous messages. Among the most important findings:
1. God Almighty singled out some of the prophets for their peace, namely: Noah, Abraham, Moses, Aaron, Jesus (peace be upon them), Elias and Yahya (peace be upon them) for certain characteristics that they were characterized with.
2. Noah (peace be upon him) was patient with the harm of his people in an unparalleled manner, so he deserved to be singled out for peace.
3. Ibrahim (peace be upon him) was characterized by the strength of certainty that did not waver in the darkest circumstances Keywords: peace, the prophets, the first of determination

ABSTRACT:
The Holy Qur'an contains a number of verses whose appearance is an illusion of analogy, with the fact that their appearance is not intended, and some of the previous scholars interpreted them by interpreting the mandate with the apparent unwillingness of the meaning, and some of them interpreted them by interpretation. However, after them came those who came up with a third doctrine, and they said: by proof, i.e., prove these qualities that the illusion of objectification manifests, and from these verses (i.e. equalization), and I divided my research into two researchers and four demands, I spoke in the first search about the meaning of Equalization in language, and the meaning of delegation and interpretation. The research concluded a number of results, the most important of which are: the verses of the Equinox and the hadiths that we have mentioned: what is found in the words of the Arabs, and not the people of interpretation and doctrine of the considered scholars who say that the Equinox is meant to sit or place, is to say suspicious, anthropomorphic and Wahhabi. As for the Sunnis and the Sunnis of al-Asha'ara and Al-matridiyya, none of them said that the equalization is intended for the place or sitting. KEYWORDS: Equinox, Holy Quran, Sunnah, Creed, divine attributes

Abstract:
This research seeks to explore the character of the wife of al-'Azeez (Zuleikha) and its implications in the Qur’anic text, and the extent to which it is employed in making the events of the story, using the semiotic and descriptive-analytical approaches, and what the dimensions of the characters have come to in recent studies, specifically the theory of (Philip Hamon), who counts the characters as a linguistic sign, And a semantic unit, defined by attributes, sayings and actions, and studying them as a signifier and signified, as they are signs capable of clarifying the value of personality as a central semiotic sign in the text, in the light of the praiseworthy interpretation. Keywords: semiotics, analytics, personality, the Qur’an, Zulaikha, the wife of al-'Azeez, Yusuf - peace be upon him, the signifier and the signified.

Abstract
The School of Interpretation emerged in Andalusia as a school with integrated aspects and sober directions, based on firm principles in service of the Book of God Almighty with care and consideration. Thanks to the great efforts made by the scholars of Andalusia over eight centuries of time, and the position of the Andalusians regarding the extraneous Israeli women who distort the purity of the meanings of the Noble Qur’an and its educational purposes and belief is a solemn and clear position that is almost one represented by rejecting it, minimizing its mention and taking caution against its abuse. By falling into it and adopting it, as well as arbitration to it The study model was also distinguished by the Andalusian interpreter Imam Al-Qurtubi (671 AH / 1273 AD) through his commentary marked (Interpretation of the provisions of the Qur’an), as will come:

Abstract:
God Almighty's pity on His servants, who are in urgent need of anything that may draw them closer to Him, may His Majesty be honored, is what makes Islam and its tolerance possible. This mercy includes allowing for voluntary and supererogatory acts of worship and obedience. As a result, the Muslim must strive to be close to God—may He be exalted—and have faith in what is with Him. The Muslim must be eager to offer the supererogatory prayers that have been recorded, verified, and proven by the knowledgeable teacher of the people in order to accomplish this. May God bless him and keep him in peace. The Muslim must also take advantage of his free time to perform as many supererogatory prayers as he is able to, whether by prayer, fasting, dhikr, or other forms of worship and submission, whether verbal or physical, silently or aloud. In addition to the many virtues and wonderful advantages of these supererogatory acts, one of them is what God does to erase sins and multiply good deeds. Another one of them is what justifies God Almighty's love for the servant and his elevation because having a lot of them and keeping them up brings the servant closer to God, Glory be to Him. And in addition to that, performing a lot of supererogatory prayers or engaging in worship has a significant beneficial impact on the Muslim's spirit, peace, and purity of his secret. Wherever are we coming from with these supererogatory prayers as it involves acquiring God's affection, glory be to Him, for his servant, his selection, and the promotion of his position? Why not perform the supererogatory prayers and enhance good deeds with the goal to maintain this outstanding virtue and honorable status? Once performed with honesty and authenticity, each act of worship has an impact. For Muslims, that impact is their commitment to maintaining Islamic standards, which is something they have been commanded to do. As consequently, we conclude that the Muslim ethical behavior toward others and voluntary worship are both related. Keywords: worship - call - preacher - volunteers - Muslim.

The book \"Fawaid al-Fawaid\" contains a number of noble Prophetic traditions (Hadiths) that Ibn Khuzaymah, may Allah have mercy upon him, used as evidence. These Hadiths require further study. The researcher began by writing the text of the Hadith as mentioned in the book, then referenced and traced the Hadiths back to their original sources in Hadith literature. After that, the researcher studied the chain of narrators (Sanad), mentioning the biographies of narrators and the opinions of scholars of criticism and authentication (Jarh wa Ta\'dil) regarding them. Finally, the researcher evaluated the Hadith based on the criteria of acceptance (Shurut al-Qubul) established in the science of Hadith terminology

ABSTRACT
Tabatabaei was distinguished by his abundant knowledge and knowledge, and this is what his family is to mission explanation Quran al kareem, like other commentators where strive in a study al Quran al kareem and explanation its subjects and his verses it was the result of his effort book explantion al Mizan, which is classified with advantages scientific and objective spirit together, as he based on his understanding Quranic verses on erim principles and foundations in Quran al kareem or of the honorable prophetic sunnah, addition to old about the imams of Ahl al Bayt peace on them because they are real AL Quran al kareem and they known for a fact and what its judgments,principles and moral values, as known about for Tabatabai to thinking with macro issues returning to the universe and surrounded the curricula philosophical, where he was thinking, and his approachcame, depending on explanation verses by verses in a manner scientitfic clear and precise.

Conclusion
This research, marked by: (The provisions of repairing the hymen in Islamic jurisprudence) is one of the important researches that talked about a contemporary ruling related to women, which includes provisions related to the honor and chastity of women, and because of the importance of this topic and its connection to the abundance of divorce in the Islamic community, this research was appropriate, and it is necessary Its time, and where it was on an introduction, and two topics, the first topic of which was to define the research vocabulary, the medical definition of virginity, and related terms, and the second topic was to mention some jurisprudential rulings related to the testimony of women in virginity, and the rule of repairing the hymen, and concluded the research with the most important results that were reached Her through this search, and praise be to God, Lord of the worlds.

Summary.
The purpose of the study was to highlight the value of family counselling, particularly in light of the challenges and transitions that families face and because families are the fundamental unit that support social systems throughout cultures. Knowing how to uphold the family in accordance with Islamic law, as well as understanding the key components of education using a descriptive approach. In order to build a family that contributes to a sustainable religious upbringing across generations, it is important to consider the moral qualities that encourage the preservation and sustainability of the family. These qualities include performing prayers, being honest, encouraging what is right, and all other moral traits. Key word: family counseling , organization of the family environment , Surat al-Nisa’ , Surat al-Tawbah

Summary
God has magnified the matter of lineage and made it a measure, so He forbade the incest because of it and exaggerated its resentment as deterrence and reprimand, and made his intrusion into it an outrageouscrime and commanded an order and mandated marriage and urged it with love and command. And he made it to break death by force, as a warning that the oceans of fates overflow upon the worlds, benefit and harm, good and evil, hardship, ease, fold and spread. First: The importance of the research, and the reasons for choosing i.tThe importance of the topic stems from the importance of marriage in one’s life, as it is linked to the continuity of humanity, and for this reason there is a great need for it and it is necessary to strive for its acquisition and knowledge of its jurisprudence. The most prominent reason for choosing the topic was, as I saw it necessary to research it in a comparative study between the followed Islamic schools of thought: Second: Research methodology: In this research, I followed a comparative analytical approach, so I mentioned the issue from its perspectives among the jurists, Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali, Imami. Third: My method of searching. I collected the issues mentioned by the jurists in the chapter on marriage and chose from them what they differed in (the pillars of the marriage contract, competence in marriage)
(A) Then I traced it in all the schools of thought mentioned in the article of this research, and I sufficed with the five schools of thought, and some of the companions and followers added that saying, in order to strengthen a certain saying and the like, because they are closer to the source of revelation and I know it from those who came after them, and their traces are preserved in Books of antiquities, chains of narrators, differing jurists, books of interpretation and explanations of hadith. (B) I was keen to edit the sayings of the jurists from their approved books, which are considered a reference in editing their madhhab according to the later ones, and I did not quote from the books of a particular madhhab the madhhab of others or vice versa, seeking accuracy in the attribution of the sayings and the editing of the sectsFourth: Research planThe requirements of the research necessitated that I divide it into two sections as follows The first topic: The reality of the difference between Islamic schools of thought in the interpretation of textsThe first requirement: Defining difference and difference: linguistically, idiomatically and the difference between them. The second requirement: the reasons for the differenceThe second topic: the difference between Islamic schools of thought in the provisions of marriageThe first requirement: the pillars of the marriage contract. The second requirement: competence in marriageConclusion: It contains the most important results of the researchProven sources and references

summary
The modern Islamic thought has been exposed to a set of tensions and attractions by two opposing trends. The first is the Salafi trend, which calls for a return to the roots that the nation’s predecessors were on, rejecting the possibility of reconciling heritage and modernity in the life of the nation. The second is the Westernization trend and its intense efforts to strip the nation of its authentic identity and replace it with Western systems, cultures, customs, and traditions that are alien to the history of the Islamic nation and its great heritage. This has prompted the thinkers of the nation and its scholars to confront all of this with a penetrating Islamic spirit, relying in their approaches and ideas on the approach of Islam and its authentic rules, far from stagnation and rigidity, and with an open mind accepting everything that is useful while rejecting melting into foreign cultures and ideas. Thus, the thinkers of the nation realized the danger of these two trends that exploited the circumstances experienced by the Islamic nation during the colonial period and what followed it from ideas and plans that were planted to grow afterwards as a project called backwardness, ignorance, loss of identity, leading to a stage of frustration and despair and what it leaves in the minds of Arab and Muslim children from the absence of the role of the nation in taking its civilizational role as it should be. Keywords: Islamic identity, Salafist, Westernization, Mohammed Amara

Summary
The stagnation that has prevailed in religious thinking in many Islamic societies is one of the most important things that advocates of religious reform should pay attention to. This is due to the fact that this stagnation leads to the inclusion of the nation in the abyss of civilizational backwardness, and the consequent loss of the nation’s identity and its civilized role. The society in which (Muhammad Iqbal) lived was named with this characteristic, as the majority of Muslims have weakened their connection to their religion, and this was accompanied by their feeling of great fascination with Western civilization, and this feeling stemmed from the innate need existing in human souls for a civilizational reference, so Iqbal wanted through his attempt The renewal is to explain to Muslims the existing principles in their religion, which are represented by (the Holy Qur’an, the purified Sunnah of the Prophet, consensus and analogy). These are the premises through which they can establish a civilization that is one of the greatest civilizations, and by which they excel over all the civilizations of nations. In these pages, the researcher tried to shed light on the issue of renewing religious thinking at (Muhammad Iqbal), and its mechanism of action, and to reveal the most important intellectual and religious premises that shaped this issue in his thoughtKeywords: renewal, starting points, stagnation.

Almulakhasu:-
aiqtasar hadha albahth ealaa majmueat almafahim albalaghiat alati tueadu hjajytan bhttan mithl hunsn altaelil aladhi yuzhir almubdie mkhtreaan. lilhujaj aw alelal alkhayaliat alati tadeam kalamah watuakid sihatah hadha min janib wamin janib akhar najid hudur almadhhab alkalamii alati eurif biqawh alhujat alati yanmaz biha 'ashab (eulama' alkalami) aladhin yajealun tariqatahum fi alqa' alhujaj wa'asasiha hi altariq alamithal lilaihtijaji. hadha ma najiduh wadihan fi altashbih altamthilii walaihtijaj aleaqlii waghayriha. kalimat aftitahiati:- albalaghat - abn zaydun - alrisalat aljidiyat - muqarabat – alhujaaj

Research Summary
The legal terms and formulas are the tools for understanding the legal discourse that include its characteristics and advantages, and they are the means of the jurist, the scholar, and the researcher to explain the rulings of Islam. Therefore, the concern for clarifying the legal terminology, understanding, research, and study, is one of the matters that specialists give their attention to in the legal sciences, which are based on the understanding of legal concepts in words. And formulas characterized by understanding and follow-up. Among the most important of them are the words of jurisprudential weighting, which are the tools of the jurist to express the opinion first by following and applying.

Abstract
Undoubtedly, anything that delivers an idea or message is communication. Humans communicate in various ways, including spoken language, physical movements, facial expressions, and the like. This study deals with communication using signs in Iraqi culture and presents what each means, besides mentioning if it is acceptable. It also displays their classification. The current research data is compiled and presented by the researchers for their being Iraqi and using Iraqi society by monitoring communication among people in public and enclosed spaces. The study is descriptive, non-statistical, and linguistically oriented, and aims at a clear presentation of Iraq's communicative language and culture. Keywords: non-verbal, Iraqi culture, kinesics, semiotics, and sign.

Abstract
This research deals with one of the veteran poets who lived in the fourth and fifth centuries AH, and he is one of the poets of Iran in Nishapur, which made this study the importance of emphasizing the dignity and elevation of the Arabic language in Persia. Al-Qaher Al-Jurjani and many others, and this research adds another writer, Abu Hafs Omar bin Ali Al-Mutawai. This research was divided into two axes, the first is the life of the poet and the study of the artistic characteristics of his poetry, and the other axis, in which we collected his scattered poetry in the most ancient books of heritage. Keywords: poetry, voluntary, collection, study

Abstract
Research Summary This research includes the definition of one of the most prominent figures in the Arabic language, namely (Abu Mahdi Al-Aarabi), who is considered one of the Arab scholars who used to roam the deserts in search of words, so he was one of those around whom people gathered if he was sent to the cities.To receive some of the words and vocabulary that he gleaned from the desert, as he had narratives scattered among more than thirty different linguistic sources, and these texts are important and useful to students of Arabic, as well as enriching libraries with great benefit. As the research contained an introduction and two chapters followed by a conclusion containing the most prominent results, the first of which was devoted to introducing (Abu Mahdi Al-Arabi), while the second came to include his linguistic narratives, collected, documented, and arranged in alphabetical order. At the end of the research is a list of approved sources and references.

Abstract :
The current research aimed to identify cognitive bias, and statistically significant differences according to the variables of specialization (scientific - human) and in both variables, as well as to identify the nature of the relationship between cognitive bias and ego strength. The research sample consisted of (200) female students from the Iraqi University. The researcher built a scale to measure cognitive bias and adopted a scale (Odeh, 2002) to measure the strength of the ego. The validity and reliability of both scales were verified, and after processing the data statistically using the statistical package program (SPSS), the following results were shown:
- The Iraqi university students have a low level of cognitive bias and they have a good level of ego strength.
- There are no statistically significant differences between scientific and human specialization in both variables (cognitive bias and ego strength).
- There is a positive correlation between cognitive bias and ego strength. In the light of the research results, the researcher formulated a number of recommendations and proposals Introductory words: cognitive bias, ego strength, female students, Iraqi University

Abstract
The current research aims to identify: - Psychological alienation and role confusion among orphans. And knowing the statistical relationship between the two variables. The sample of the current research consisted of (200) male and female orphans in the intermediate stage, from the education of the third Rusafa. The city of Baghdad. From both sexes for the academic year (2022-2023), the results showed the following: - The current research sample members have psychological alienation and role confusion, and there is a correlation KeyWord (Psychological, Alienation, confusion, 0rphan, sample )

Abstract
Infertility may be a cause for the emergence of several psychological, emotional and social changes that result in the extent of parents’ self-esteem, as the continuity of the couple is thinking of the impossibility of having children will lead them to suffer from psychological and physical disorders. This is what calls others, whether relatives or colleagues, to provide psychological and social support to them by guiding them towards adopting children as a way to get rid of the suffering of thinking of not being able to have children. But after these children mature into adolescence, they will begin to think of gaining their independence because they have reached a stage where they do not need to rely entirely on their parents, which raises parents’ anxiety and fear of losing their child’s love and attention to them, and this in itself makes them think of tricky means. Alternatively, fabricated to attract his attention and concern for them, including their claim of illness and one of those diseases is the factitious malingering disorder.
Factitious disorder is a rare type of mental disorder in which a person presents with a fake illness. The person may lie about symptoms, make themselves look sick, or make themselves unwell on purpose. This type of mental disorder often appears in adults and is a form of self-harm. A person with Munchausen syndrome can be very persuasive, which can lead to doctors offering unnecessary treatment, such as medication or surgery.
Factitious Disorder is a mental illness, classified as a disorder of physical symptoms also called (body shape disorder) in which people with Factitious Disorders exaggerate or lie about the appearance of medical or psychological symptoms. It is divided into two types of disorder; the first is called the factitious malingering disorder imposed on the self, while proxy calls the second type the factitious malingering disorder.
In order to reveal the level of Factitious Disorder availability, the researcher set the following two goals:
1- Level of Factitious Disorder among infertile parents compared to their normal peers.
2- Differences in the level of feigned feigned disorder among infertile parents compared to their normal peers, according to a variable:
A- Type of Factitious Disorder (Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self, Factitious Disorder by proxy).
b- Social gender (fathers-mothers).
In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher built a scale consisting of (24) items, divided into two domains: (the field of fabricated disorder imposed on oneself, and the field of fabricated disorder imposed on another person or by proxy). For the purpose of applying the items of the scale to the research sample, the researcher drew a sample of infertile parents whose number reached (63) families, as well as (63) families of normal parents were withdrawn, to extract the psychometric characteristics of the items of the scale on them, then the scale became composed of (20) items.
Because the current study relied on the comparative approach, parity was achieved between the quality of the parents (infertile and normal parents), as a sample consisting of (45) families was drawn from each sample. This sample was considered the application sample, and when analyzing the answers of the two samples, the results of the research showed the following:
1- The research samples (infertile parents as well as normal parents) suffer from a high level of Factitious Disorder, and this disorder is found at a higher level in infertile parents.
2- There are differences in the level of increased Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy compared to the type of feigned malingering towards oneself in both samples (sterile parents as well as normal parents).
3- There were no significant differences between the research samples (sterile parents as well as normal parents) in terms of gender (males-females) in the level of the artificial factitious disorder.
After obtaining the results of the research, the researcher presented a set of recommendations and proposals, as follows:
1- Recommendations:
A- The researcher recommends the Ministry of Health to hold conferences and seminars that aim to study the extent of the seriousness of factitious disorder among married couples, whether those who have children or who were sterile.
B- The researcher recommends the Ministry of Health to take advantage of the research scale in detecting the availability of Factitious Disorder among sick individuals who are hospitalized for treatment.
C- The researcher recommends researchers and those interested in clinical psychology topics to benefit from the current topic in linking the current topic with other topics in their research.
2-Suggestions:
A- Conducting a study aimed at revealing the statistics of the high incidence of Factitious Disorder in Iraq.
B- Conducting a study aiming to find the relationship of Factitious Disorder with parental treatment methods among narcissistic patients.
C- Conducting a study aimed at finding the relationship of Factitious Disorder by proxy with the need for recovery at work among state employees. Keywords: Factitious Disorder, Infertile Parents, Normal Parents.

mulakhas allughat aliankilizia
A person goes through several stages of development, and each stage has its impact on his behaviors, including the intermediate or adolescence , or what is called in the term psychological counseling, the stage of adolescence. One of the common problems among adolescents is aggressive tendency on others. This behavior has many manifestations, including clowning in the classroom, contact with teachers, Indifference, lack of response to the teacher and mentor, and lack of respect for teachers, and this aggressive behavior cannot be attributed to the self-factor, but these behavioral patterns are due to many intertwined factors, including personal and social factors. Zidane, Hussein, 1982 summarizes this reasons to the feeling of social disappointment, school delay, failure to loveThe reason for the existence of desires that need gratification may be due, and since Islam is a heavenly religion and the ring of religions {and we have not sent you only all people as a harbinger and a warner, but most people do not know} Sabá [28] He came with an integrated law that addresses the smallest details, of which bullying is one of its types, and Islam has sought to fight it by promoting Islamic education for children and teaching them the human values that they must be characterized. "Carrolle (2004) stressed the importance of religious and spiritual guidance for bullies, (Alwan, 1997, Syriac source, 2018). Since we need to build a contemporary Islamic educational theory, we base our educational work in building rising generations to promote them and because the school with its curricula is the most concerned institutions in addition to consolidating virtuous values and ethics. The existing study sought to link the problem of study to the Islamic education curriculum, believing that the solution lies in this curriculum based on the religious and moral growth of the student, And that the existing study did not expand on the types of bullying, leaving this to the specialized studies, and the study tries to answer two questions. The first is the role of the Islamic method in addressing bullying, and the second question is the process of addressing bullying in the curriculum prepared for the subject of Islamic education. The study concluded through the follow-educational literature and previous studies: that the Islamic curriculum benefited the curricula in reducing undesirable behaviors. Teachers and teachers of the Islamic education curricula should activate the curriculum by harnessing it in solving student problems. Educational guidance specialists should review the religious guidance programs to prove its success, and the study provided a realistic model represented by the sixth lesson of the third unit for the first intermediate stage. Keywords: bullying, adolescence, psychological security

Abstract
The research dealt with a personality with political and intellectual activity, and he is Ismat Saif al-Dawla, who had a great impact on the issues of the Arab nation, because he lost a lot between Arabism and Islam. He became a thinker who relied on the opinion of many intellectuals. Zionism on the Arab national existence. Likewise, his deep rooting of the theory of the Arab revolution, the diversity of the intellectual and cultural production of Ismat Saif al-Dawla between books, research and lectures.
KeywordsEgypt- Political- Intellectual- activity- Ismat Seif al- Dawlau

Abstract
The issue of voice recording is one of the issues in social media and has the possibility of causing many social problems, especially cameras and voice recording devices have spread and many different behaviors that should be researched by the law, especially voice recording behavior without consent. In this research, we will refer to legal texts that address this issue and follow the comparative analysis curriculum. We have referred to Iraqi and French laws, Iraqi copyright protection laws and the law prohibiting misuse of communication devices in Kurdistan, and according to the plan mentioned in this research, Finally, the conclusions of research and suggestions for treatment are discussed. We hope to serve society with this research. May God be with us.
(Recording) ، (infusion) ، (Telephony) ، (Legitimacy) ، (Talker)

Abstract
The candidate acquires a set of rights that are closely related to the right of nomination, and this right cannot be exercised without it, by submitting a candidacy application that satisfies its legal requirements, whether for the position of state president or obtaining a seat in the parliament . One of the most crucial of these is the candidate's right to electoral campaigning. Propaganda is regarded as one of the most crucial factors that facilitate election participation and serves as a way to inform voters about their candidates and political platforms. The electoral campaign is not for the candidate, but it is also the right of the voter to get to know the candidates before choosing between them . During that period, the candidate or party works to explain its advantages so that it can obtain the votes of the voters.

Abstract
In the light of the ongoing development of business relations between the kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the People's Republic of China, and due to the fact that commercial arbitration has now shifted from being an alternative means of disputes settlement into being an essential way of handling for parties of dispute, because of its characteristics in freedom of choosing arbitrators, expeditious adjudication of cases and many other advantages. Consequently, this article aims at comparing the Saudi Arbitration Law with the Chinese Arbitration Law. Starting with the issue date of each law, areas of arbitration, arbitration agreement between the two parties whether the agreement was conditioned in their original contract or arbitration has been agreed on independently or have agreed to approach arbitration after the dispute has taken a place, and the conditions that must be provided in the agreement. As well as the arbitral tribunal in terms of its composition, arbitrators conditions and their recusal situations. In addition to arbitration's proceedings starting from the request and acceptance of arbitration to the hearings' opening and its place, language, court reporting, providing evidences and testimonies. And the legal consequences of missing a court date by parties of dispute, also engaging experts, providing evidences, precautionary attachment and the legal power of the arbitral ruling; correcting, appealing and execution of the ruling. And the Keywords: arbitration - China - law - comparative study - investment

Abstract
This research is a detailed description of the methodology of Ibn al-Nadim (d.: 384 AH / 994 AD) and its contents in the book al-Fihrist, which is one of the most important books of the authentic al-Fahrs, and it is one. One of the most important index books, not in terms of its detailing and indexing of various sciences and knowledge, but it is organized in a different way and the essence of its meanings, and it is specific and specialized, and it includes all knowledge on an individual basis. Including the details of that knowledge, and the most important scholars in the field of Sima and Ibn al-Nadim, he was an author cataloger of what he was doing and what he was not going to do. Keywords: the pen, the filaments, the articles, the pure, the

Abstract
The prince Al-Mukhtar Ezz El-Malik Muhammad bin ubeid Allah Al-Musbahi is considered one of the allegories and the virtuous characters at his age. He was a pole of princes and the figures of the state he administrated the ministry for Al-Hakim Bi-Amr Allah Al-Fatimy and he got a good value. In addition, he had a good installment of different sciences at his ago like geography, astrology, and literature. He was keen of registration history and published for that many books like that which is called "the history of Egypt and Morocco". Though this great trail did not reach us, but it can be said that the samples which had reached us (from the posteriors annalists) refer to the value of that trail and it's oriental significance especially they shed light upon the history of the Fatimid state at it's first era. Key words:Al-Musabahi,history,Islam,fatimy

Abstract
The Great Battle of Badr is one of the most important invasions that Muslims waged against the polytheists. This study aims to clarify the social, political and military role of the Great Battle of Badr, which had a major role in transforming the course of historical events between Mecca and Medina. Confirmation of the Islamic state, so in this study I followed the historical approach, and among the most important results I reached: the clarity of the social role in releasing the prisoners of Badr, and that it affected the morale of the Muslims, and that it contributed to strengthening the material and military strength of Muslims, and that Quraysh lost in this battle a number Many of its leaders and masterminds were planning by all means to get rid of the Muslims. The study recommends studying the invasions that took place between the Muslims and the polytheists of Quraysh.

Abstract
This research included the project of French President Charles de Gaulle in 1960 for the establishment of a political union between the Western European countries, particularly the Six European countries, Which are France, Federal Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg, the project ensure the cooperation between the six countries in political, economic, social and cultural fields, but did not success because of the lack of serious intent from France, as well as political conflicts that existed between nations in that period, especially Britain was not part of this project.

Abstract
The idea of this study is summarized in the exposure of the academic elite to issues of corruption in the Iraqi satellite channels and its reflections on the image of their political processTheresearcher designed the questionnaire and presented it to the arbitrators. The first is 2021, and the researcher used the descriptive survey method to reach results that achieve the objectives of the study.

Abstract
The current research aims to identify the impact of Charbak's model on acquiring physical concepts among 5th grade scientific students and developing their convergent thinking.
The researcher chose a sample consisted of (60) students from the 5th scientific grade in Ammar bin Yasser Preparatory School within the day schools affiliated to the General Directorate of Education of Anbar. They were randomly distributed into two groups, with (30) students in the experimental group and (30) students in the control group. The researcher taught the experimental group using Sharpak model and the control group by using the ordinary method
The researcher got the following finding:
1. There are statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the mean scores of the experimental group, which was studied according to the Sharpak model, and the control group, which was studied according to the ordinary method, in physical concepts, in favor of the experimental group.
2. There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the means of the pre and post tests for the scores of the experimental and control groups in the convergent thinking test, in favor of the post test.In light of the mentioned results, the researcher recommended benefiting from the Charbak model in the teaching process in order to convey the study materials to the minds of the students, and the researcher suggested conducting a study
1.The effect of Charbak's model on the collection of physics for fifth graders and the development of their speaking skills.
2.The effectiveness of the Sharpak model in acquiring some physical concepts among students of the Teachers Preparation Institute for Physics and developing their successful intelligence
Key words: Charbak's model, physical concepts ,5th grade scientific students and convergent thinking.

Abstract:
The research aims to identify the problems that hinder the production process and the most important of these problems is the waste of the available resources, whether in the raw materials or of the time it takes to complete the production process. Therefore, this research will shed light on the lean manufacturing system and take advantage of its advantages, perhaps the most important of which is the elimination of waste and loss in production processes and the reduction of production costs, achieving survival and continuity in light of the intense competition it faces and thus achieving the competitive advantage of the company. In Nineveh, a community for research, using the descriptive analytical approach to study and test the research hypotheses through a set of statistical methods and by means of the SPSS statistical analysis program. In light of the conclusions reached, the researcher presents a set of recommendations that are consistent with those conclusions. Keywords: Lean manufacturing system, Lean Manufacturing Fundamentals, competitive advantage

Abstract:
The research aimed to identify the role of organizational knowledge in increasing job satisfaction among employees. The research used the descriptive analytical approach, and the research community was represented in all civil employees of the King Abdullah Air Defense College (103) employees, for the year 1444 AH.
The research used the questionnaire as a tool to collect the necessary data for the research, due to its suitability to achieve the objectives of the research and answer its questions. After ensuring the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the questionnaire was distributed to all the research community. The number of complete data retrieved questionnaires was (46) questionnaire which represent the basic research sample.
The study reached many results, including that the organizational knowledge of the King Abdullah Air Defense College is available to a high degree in its implicit and apparent dimensions. Another result is that the level of job satisfaction among the civilian staff at King Abdullah College of Air Defense is high. Also, the study showed the existence of an effective role for the organizational knowledge in achieving job satisfaction among the employees of the college.
The study revealed many recommendations, most notably, the need to support material and moral incentives for the college employees, and to rely on organizational knowledge in its two dimensions to achieve job satisfaction among employees. And that the administration needs to adopt a flexible policy in publishing the necessary information for work within the college.

Abstract
The current research aims to identify(The effectiveness of the counseling program using the method of cognitive reconstruction in developing analogical thinking among middle school students) by verifying the following hypotheses:
1-There are no statistically significant differences at level (0.05) between the rank scores of the experimental group before and after applying the counseling program.
2-There are no statistically significant differences at level (0.05) between the rank scores of control group in both pre-test and post-test on the fragile self-esteem scale.
3-There are no statistically significant differences at level (0.05) between the rank scores of experimental and control groups in posttest The current research is limited to middle school students for the academic year (2022/2023 AD), and the researchers used the semi-experimental approach with the design (an experimental group and a control group with a pre-post test). The research sample consisted of (20) students distributed randomly into two groups, with (10) ) a student in each group, and equivalence was made for the two groups in some variables, and the scale of analogical thinking was adopted (Al-Zuhairi 2020), which consists of (46) items, and the researchers extracted the stability in two ways, namely, the re-test, as it reached (0.82) and the Vachronbach, which reached (0.89). ). Applying a counseling program using (reconstruction method). The validity of the (guiding program) was verified by virtual validity. The program consisted of (10) counseling sessions, with (two sessions) per week, the time of one session was (45) minutes. In light of the research results, the researchers presented a number of recommendations and suggestions.

Abstract:
The research aims to demonstrate the importance of green entrepreneurship as a new economic dynamic in full development within the framework of the growing awareness of environmental issues at the global level. climate, desertification and species extinction. In Iraq, green entrepreneurship faces many challenges at various levels. Through this research, we will explain some green initiatives and other amazing initiatives that yearn for sustainability in Iraq. These green projects work to address the scarcity of natural resources and change daily societal behaviors through the solutions they provide. Keywords: green entrepreneurship, green innovation, sustainability

Abstract
The research aims to identify the total quality management college in the Open College of Education. The researcher adopted the descriptive approach and the questionnaire as research tools that included (5). The research reached a number of residential communities, the most important of which is the lack of open educational college centers in buildings suitable for heating in which the classroom is heated. Education is one of the most important. Key words: Total Quality Management, Open Collage of Education

הקדמה
המחקר הזה מטפל נושא לשׁוני חוקי והוא המושגים החוקיים בעברית ותרגומו לערבית , מחקר זה הכיל את כותרות שׁונות שׁהתחילו בנושא שׁפת החוק שטפלו בו במבט כללי על שפת החוק והגדרת שפת החוק היא שפה רשמית המבוססת על כללים לוגיים השונה מהשפה הטבעית התקינה באוצר מילים ומורפלוגיה , תחביר הסמנטיקה כמו מאפיינים לשׁוניים אחריים שמהאפיינים שׁלה פשׁוטה , קצרה ומובנת לכול , אחר כן טפלנו מבט כללי על המושגים הקשורים בשפת החוק כגון חוק יסוד , אדם סביר , חובה חקוקה והפטר. וסיימנו את המחקר בעיון יישומי על המושגים החוקיים הראשׁיים בסכום החוקים הישראליים כגון חוק העונשׁין , החוק הפלילי , חוק האזרחות , חוק הירושׁה , חוק המקר קעין וחוק המאבק בטרור מבחינת הגדרת כל חוק ומושגים שׁלו מבחינת התרגום לכל מושג וההגדרה החוקית לכל מושג עם זכור דוגמאות שבאו המושגים האלה כראית על זה. חשיבות המחקרהמחקר הזה יאפשׁר לידעת את הצורות השׁונות למושגים החוקיים מתוךְ האופן הסופי אשׁר יופיעו בו אחרי תרגומהם מעברית לערבית. מטרת המחקרהבלטת המושגים החוקיים החשובים בשפת החוק כדי לעזרת בתרגום המושגים האלה מתוך הצגת את המשמעיות השׁונות שׁלהם. שׁיטת המחקרשׁיטת המחקר היא שׁיטה תרגומית השוואתי יישומית . חומר המחקרהחוקיים הישראליים , המושגים החוקיים בין העברית והערבית בכמה במלונים העבריים ובמלון שגיב עברי – ערבי.

Abstract
This study will follow Bapsi Sidhwa’s characters undergoing the process of sexual awakening through examining Winnicott’s theory of sexuality. It analyzes fictional characters in their personal and psychological contexts. The main goal of this study is to explore the role of sexuality in discovering the Self. Differences between male and female characters in the novel are examined in terms of Winnicott’s theory focusing on the characters’ behavior. So this article determines the sexual awakening of the main characters in Sidhwa’s novels. Ice-Candy-Man is analyzed in the light of sexuality theory. This study portrays childhood’s complexity, especially on the female protagonist of the novel, Lenny, and her tough experiences as a child flawed by sexual and emotional changes. Keywords: Sidhwa; Self; Sexuality; Winnicott; awareness

Abstract
Women's equality and gender issues have been powerful social issues, which are related to feminist concerns. Therefore, women playwrights who write from their experiences as women expose oppression and marginalization. Such concerns establish the basic feminist themes that are associated with a female character's identity as a woman. The purpose of this study is to examine the portrayal of women and the necessity for gender equality and how gender was portrayed in Lillian Hellman’s The Little Foxes. This article highlights the passive representation of women as victims and sufferers criticizing the stereotyping phases against women. This study is based on the Feminist theory and theory of gender that suggests women's rights and equality are subject to constant debates. Keywords: equality, Feminism, Hellman, Little Foxes, representation, suffering, women

ABSTRACT
English adages are approached to examine translated texts (standard &slang Arabic texts). Misunderstanding occurs in translation of some adages because of different connotations between Arabic and English. "On the other hand, picking slang rendering is the most often detected trend nowadays because of many reasons such as: texts messages and the expansion of social media all over the world". Accordingly, the study explores the students' choice (standard or slang adages) by presenting a questionnaire of two translated texts of the English adages. "The informants should choose either a standard or a slang translation . It is concluded that most students choose standard version. Finally, this study suggests solutions to recognize standard Arabic".Keywords: reception of the reader, adages, social media, social factors.

Abstract:
Construction industry is the highly risky business that can impact upon the environment as well which revolves around the risk and uncertainty. It is also a fact that construction industry is having high contribution in the economic activities and highly relies upon the developing countries. Insurance risk can be covered once the project is started in the initial stage the risk cannot be admissible because of the lack of complete analysis of real risk and threat that the project can encounter .The aim of the study is to explore the application of insurance in the construction industry in the context of Iraq and for that researcher has selected the qualitative method to conduct the study. The results of the study suggested that contractors that are operating in Iraq are not having enough knowledge and expertise that can help the industry in the long to contribute in the country’s economy. The other feature is the government; they are not having any standard or legislation or any governing body to control and measures the steps that are being taken by the contractors to build the infrastructure for the country. Keywords: Insurance policy, construction industry, Iraq, risk, legislation, project quality

Abstract
The study aims at investigating Iraqi EFL intermediate school teachers' difficulties in application e-assessment for their students. To fulfill the aim of the study, a sample of (40) EFL intermediate school teachers chosen randomly from different schools. A scaled questionnaire as a tool of measurement is used in this research to be an investigation instrument. The results of the study asserts that the hypotheses of this research is accepted, which indicates that Iraqi EFL intermediate school teachers face difficulties in their application e-assessment. Key words : Intermediate school ,Teachers’ Difficulties , E-assessment

ABSTRACT
Teachers in English classes confront a variety of challenges when it comes to teaching vocabulary items and determining how to increase students' listening comprehension. The purposes of this research are to: establish whether Iraqi students of English as a second language benefit from viewing television ads; and find a way that is more realistically beneficial for making vocabulary acquisition and listening comprehension simpler. The inquiry was carried out in a manner that may be considered quasi-experimental. This investigation included the participation of 46 trainees currently enrolled in intermediate-level programmes. The researcher performed a paired t-test in R on the collected data to see if the proposed method yielded significantly different outcomes. In order to learn more about whether or not there were disparities in learning and comprehension between the sexes of the participants, a two-sample t-test was conducted. It was found that the advertisement as a learning tool had a good impact on the learners' vocabulary acquisition as well as their ability to increase their listening comprehension, regardless of whether the learners were male or female.Keywords: Learning vocabulary; Listening comprehension; Advertisement as a Learning Tool; English language

Abstract
Paul Laurence Dunbar (1872-1906), a prominent African American novelist and poet, is known for his poetry that tackles the black race in a close association with the natural world. The purpose of this paper is to examine Dunbar’s employment of dialect vs standard English in selected poems. It argues that Dunbar’s dialect poetry neither romanticizes nor pictures his black race through rose-tinted glasses. Instead of using black dialect to represent the stereotypical and simple rural life of black slaves, Dunbar transcends this limitation and challenges white and black public preference. Dunbar’s use of the standard English becomes his method to reveal his black race’s sorrow, pain, and segregation whether within a hostile or friendly rural or cultural or social environment. The paper endeavors to discuss the following questions: Why did Dunbar find literary English or the standard English a better tool instead of the black vernacular as an alternate tool to speak of his black race? How does he connect his use of language with the natural world that the blacks inhabited? Does his use of black dialect and standard English in connection to a racialized nature make his poems part of the plantation tradition? Fanon’s postcolonial concepts such as “cultural identity” and “language and communication,” mentioned in The Wretched of the Earth (1961), as well as W.E.B. Du Bois’ sociological concept, “double consciousness” mentioned in The Souls of Black Folk (1903), are applied to the selected poems. Keywords: Dunbar, standard English, black vernacular, dialect poetry, natural world, American rural South, Fanon

Abstract:
The purpose of the article is to design a proposed framework to enhance the thinking skills of 5th grade students and to measure the impact on their results and ability to solve mathematical problems. A dedicated cognitive acceleration sub-framework is used to develop intellectual progress through science and mathematics courses This structure unites two sub-frames: CASE subframes and CASME subframes and the experiment used is based on a sample of (56) students selected from elementary schools and divided into two groups. (28) students in the first group and (28) students in the second control group. t-test was created for the two independent groups. Results shew a significant difference between the two hypotheses was outlined. Keywords: t-test, psychometric, cognitive acceleration, mathematical reasoning, mathematics teaching model.

Abstract. The modelling of Human motion is critical in several fields such as computer graphics, vision and virtual reality, with applications of interaction between human and computer, synthesizing motions, and motion generation for virtual reality. In this work the CNN-VAE and RNN-MDN models have been used for modelling the human motions by learning time-dependent representations to obtain short-term motion prediction and long-term human motion synthesis. The new generated human motion video achieved good quality. This proposed system has been implemented on the KTH dataset and Weizmann dataset to generate the boxing and waving motions.
Keywords: Variational Autoencoder (VAE), Convolution Neural Network (CNN), Mixture Density Network (MDN), Wavelet Transform (WT).

The current research aims to the relationship between the impact of strategic verify leadership and its dimensions (strategic direction, capital development, organizational culture and ethical practices) in motivating human resources in the Tourism Authority. The research adopted the descriptive exploratory approach because it is commensurate with the topic of the current research. Data was collected from (60) respondents representing the study sample, senior and middle leaders, represented by (general managers, their assistants, department managers and division managers) by adopting a questionnaire that included (28) items. The study adopted the program (SPss.29.Amosv.29) and statistical treatments (arithmetic mean, relative importance, confirmatory factor analysis, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and kmo test). Which proved the validity of the hypotheses that there is an effect of strategic leadership in stimulating human resources. The current research recommended the need to give more attention to the researched body in promoting its strategic leadership practices at the general level, because this interest leads to stimulating human resources.
Key word : Strategic leadership , motivating human resources